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arXiv 2022年

作者： Xu, Fei Xu, Jianian Chen, Jiabin Chen, Li Shang, Ruitao Zhou, Zhi Liu, Fangming The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing School of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai200062 China The School of Computing and Informatics University of Louisiana at Lafayette 301 East Lewis Street LafayetteLA70504 United States The Guangdong Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University 132 E. Waihuan Road Guangzhou510006 China The National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System The Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu Road Wuhan430074 China

GPUs are essential to accelerating the latency-sensitive deep neural network (DNN) inference workloads in cloud datacenters. To fully utilize GPU resources, spatial sharing of GPUs among co-located DNN inference workloads becomes increasingly compelling. However, GPU sharing inevitably brings severe performance interference among co-located inference workloads, as motivated by an empirical measurement study of DNN inference on EC2 GPU instances. While existing works on guaranteeing inference performance service level objectives (SLOs) focus on either temporal sharing of GPUs or reactive GPU resource scaling and inference migration techniques, how to proactively mitigate such severe performance interference has received comparatively little attention. In this paper, we propose iGniter, an interference-aware GPU resource provisioning framework for cost-efficiently achieving predictable DNN inference in the cloud. iGniter is comprised of two key components: (1) a lightweight DNN inference performance model, which leverages the system and workload metrics that are practically accessible to capture the performance interference;(2) A cost-efficient GPU resource provisioning strategy that jointly optimizes the GPU resource allocation and adaptive batching based on our inference performance model, with the aim of achieving predictable performance of DNN inference workloads. We implement a prototype of iGniter based on the NVIDIA Triton inference server hosted on EC2 GPU instances. Extensive prototype experiments on four representative DNN models and datasets demonstrate that iGniter can guarantee the performance SLOs of DNN inference workloads with practically acceptable runtime overhead, while saving the monetary cost by up to 25% in comparison to the state-of-the-art GPU resource provisioning strategies. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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An Intelligent Recognition Algorithm for Urban Utility Tunnel Surface Intrusion via Spatio-temporal-spectral Joint Information Extraction with FPN Network

An Intelligent Recognition Algorithm for Urban Utility Tunne...

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Asia Communications and Photonics Conference and Exhibition (ACP)

作者： Tao He Zhijun Yan Shixiong Zhang Deming Liu Hao Li Qizhen Sun Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China

An intelligent recognition algorithm for utility tunnel surface intrusion based on spatio-temporal-spectral joint information extraction with FPN network is proposed. Finally, the average recognition accuracy of 93.8%... 详细信息

关键词： Target recognition Neural networks Asia Information retrieval Feature extraction Safety Monitoring

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A new PolSAR ship detection metric fused by polarimetric similarity and the third eigenvalue of the coherency matrix

A new PolSAR ship detection metric fused by polarimetric sim...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： Yuyang Xi Xi Zhang Quan Lai Wei Li Haitao Lang Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China State Oceanic Administration The First Institute of Oceanography Qingdao China Inner Mongolian Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing & Geography Information System Inner Mongolian Normal University Hohhot China College of Information Science & Technology Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology/B-DAT Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China

In this paper, we address the problem of ship detection in PolSAR image. We firstly investigate the differences of scattering mechanism between ship targets and the sea surface based on the polarimetric similarity analysis. It is shown that, the sea surface scattering is dominated by the odd bounce (denoted as r 1 ), while the scattering of ship targets are both dominated by the even bounce scattering (r 2 ) which has been widely accepted, and the line bounce scattering (r 4 ) which is a new find from the experiments. Based on those differences, a metric (r 2 +r 4 )/r 1 can be applied to distinguish ship targets from the sea surface. To further suppress the effects of sidelobes and imaging artifacts which have the same/similar scattering behaviors with ship targets, we introduce in the third eigenvalue λ 3 ) of the coherency matrix and obtain the metric (r 2 + r 4 )λ 3 /r 1 . The preliminary results show that a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) ship detector based on the proposed metric can obtain promising ship detection performance.

关键词： Marine vehicles Scattering Sea surface Measurement Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Visualization Synthetic aperture radar

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Hardware architecture design of HEVC entropy decoding

Hardware architecture design of HEVC entropy decoding

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IEEE International Conference on big data and Cloud Computing (BdCloud)

作者： Shiyu Wang Shengbing Zhang Jihe Wang Libo Chang Liangyou Feng Xiaoya Fan Engineering Research Center of Embedded System Integration Ministry of Education School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xian China National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xian China

As the latest generation of digital video coding standard, HEVC has technically optimized multiple modules such as related frame prediction, block processing and entropy coding in the frequency coding and decoding framework. However, flexible and efficient coding algorithms make the amount of calculation in the video decoding and reconstruction process increase dramatically. The energy efficiency of traditional processors is limited, and the decoding calculation process is difficult to meet the current needs of ultra-high-definition video playback. For the most important and time-consuming bitstream analysis and entropy decoding part of the HEVC decoding process, a new hardware architecture strategy is provided, which can effectively improve the HEVC decoding performance. In this paper, the designed data access module, bitstream analysis and entropy decoding unit are simulated and verified. Build an FPGA verification platform, and use the main tier standard test sequence to simulate and verify the designed hardware acceleration architecture. The experimental results show that the hardware architecture of bitstream analysis and entropy decoding designed in this paper can reach the functions and performance indicators specified by the HEVC standard Level-4 main tier, and the bitstream analysis acceleration effect is good. This thesis aims at the current HEVC decoding calculation characteristics, and through the design of hardware architecture verification, it provides new solutions and hardware architecture ideas for subsequent HEVC encoding and decoding performance optimization.

关键词： Analytical models Program processors Video sequences Bit rate Syntactics Prediction algorithms Entropy

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Study on an Adaptive Clamping Device for Passive Safety Delivery of Vascular Intervention Robot

Study on an Adaptive Clamping Device for Passive Safety Deli...

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IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation

作者： Sheng Cao Shuxiang Guo Jian Guo Jian Wang Chunying Li Huiyin Xu Bin Wang Mingchao Ding Aerospace Center Hospital & the Key Laboratory of Convergence Medical Engineering System and Healthcare Technology School of Life Science & Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Biomedical Robot Company Limited Shenzhen China Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China National Engineering Laboratory of Computer Technology for Big Data Systems Shenzhen University Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9798350388077

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388084

In practical clinical applications, vascular intervention surgical robots have developed sophisticated human-machine interaction systems, enabling assistance to physicians in performing remote surgeries and providing intelligent visual feedback. However, regarding surgical safety, current research predominantly focuses on force feedback and robot control logic, with clamping mechanisms targeting the locking of catheters and guide wires. Excessive clamping force may lead to surface damage to intervention instruments, while insufficient force delivery may result from slippery surfaces. Therefore, addressing these issues, this study proposed a passive, compliant safety strategy for an adaptive clamping device based on a vascular intervention surgical robot platform. This device can accommodate different diameter catheters and maintain a constant delivery force during the intervention process. Finally, through experimentation, the effectiveness, safety, and stability of the device were demonstrated.

关键词： Visualization Medical robotics Force Wires Robot control Surgery Safety

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Multi-scale Dynamic and Hierarchical Relationship Modeling for Facial Action Units Recognition

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Zihan Song, Siyang Luo, Cheng Deng, Songhe Xie, Weicheng Shen, Linlin Computer Vision Institute School of Computer Science & Software Engineering Shenzhen University China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University China University of Leicester United Kingdom Monash University Australia

Human facial action units (AUs) are mutually related in a hierarchical manner, as not only they are associated with each other in both spatial and temporal domains but also AUs located in the same/close facial regions show stronger relationships than those of different facial regions. While none of existing approach thoroughly model such hierarchical inter-dependencies among AUs, this paper proposes to comprehensively model multi-scale AU-related dynamic and hierarchical spatio-temporal relationship among AUs for their occurrences recognition. Specifically, we first propose a novel multi-scale temporal differencing network with an adaptive weighting block to explicitly capture facial dynamics across frames at different spatial scales, which specifically considers the heterogeneity of range and magnitude in different AUs’ activation. Then, a two-stage strategy is introduced to hierarchically model the relationship among AUs based on their spatial distribution (i.e., local and cross-region AU relationship modelling). Experimental results achieved on BP4D and DISFA show that our approach is the new state-of-the-art in the field of AU occurrence recognition. Our code is publicly available at https://***/CVI-SZU/MDHR. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Face recognition

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A Uniform Representation Model for Oct-Based Fingerprint Presentation Attack Detection and Reconstruction

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhang, Wentian Liu, Haozhe Liu, Feng Ramachandra, Raghavendra The National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China SZU Branch Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society China Gjøvik2818 Norway

The technology of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to fingerprint imaging opens up a new research potential for fingerprint recognition owing to its ability to capture depth information of the skin layers. Developing robust and high security Automated Fingerprint Recognition systems (AFRSs) are possible if the depth information can be fully utilized. However, in existing studies, Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) and subsurface fingerprint reconstruction based on depth information are treated as two independent branches, resulting in high computation and complexity of AFRS building. Thus, this paper proposes a uniform representation model for OCT-based fingerprint PAD and subsurface fingerprint reconstruction. Firstly, we design a novel semantic segmentation network which only trained by real finger slices of OCT-based fingerprints to extract multiple subsurface structures from those slices (also known as B-scans). The latent codes derived from the network are directly used to effectively detect the PA since they contain abundant subsurface biological information, which is independent with PA materials and has strong robustness for unknown PAs. Meanwhile, the segmented subsurface structures are adopted to reconstruct multiple subsurface 2D fingerprints. Recognition can be easily achieved by using existing mature technologies based on traditional 2D fingerprints. Extensive experiments are carried on our own established database, which is the largest public OCT-based fingerprint database with 2449 volumes. In PAD task, our method can improve 0.33% Acc from the state-of-the-art method. For reconstruction performance, our method achieves the best performance with 0.834 mean Intersection of Union (mIOU) and 0.937 Pixel Accuracy (PA). By comparing with the recognition performance on surface 2D fingerprints (e.g. commercial and high resolution), the effectiveness of our proposed method on high quality subsurface fingerprint reconstruction is further proved. © 2023, The

关键词： Optical tomography

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Size-Invariance Matters: Rethinking Metrics and Losses for Imbalanced Multi-object Salient Object Detection 41

Size-Invariance Matters: Rethinking Metrics and Losses for I...

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Li, Feiran Xu, Qianqian Bao, Shilong Yang, Zhiyong Cong, Runmin Cao, Xiaochun Huang, Qingming Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Information Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and System Control Ministry of Education Jinan China School of Cyber Science and Tech. Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen Campus China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

This paper explores the size-invariance of evaluation metrics in Salient Object Detection (SOD), especially when multiple targets of diverse sizes co-exist in the same image. We observe that current metrics are size-sensitive, where larger objects are focused, and smaller ones tend to be ignored. We argue that the evaluation should be size-invariant because bias based on size is unjustified without additional semantic information. In pursuit of this, we propose a generic approach that evaluates each salient object separately and then combines the results, effectively alleviating the imbalance. We further develop an optimization framework tailored to this goal, achieving considerable improvements in detecting objects of different sizes. Theoretically, we provide evidence supporting the validity of our new metrics and present the generalization analysis of SOD. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. The code is available at https://***/Ferry-Li/SI-SOD. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Object detection

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An Efficient Implementation for Bayesian Manifold Regularization Method

An Efficient Implementation for Bayesian Manifold Regulariza...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Junpeng Zhang Yue Ju Bo Wahlberg Biqiang Mu Tianshi Chen School of Data Science and Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Instituite of Technology Stockholm Sweden Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Institute of Systems Science Academy of Mathematics and System Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

When applying the Bayesian manifold regularization method to function estimation problem with manifold constraints, the direct implementation has computational complexity $\mathcal{O}(N^{3})$ , where $N$ is the number of input-output data measurements. This becomes particularly costly when $N$ is large. In this paper, we propose a more efficient implementation based on the Kalman filter and smoother using a state-space model realization of the underlying Gaussian process. Moreover, we explore the sequentially semi-separable structure of the Laplacian matrix and the posterior covariance matrix. Our proposed implementation has computational complexity $\mathcal{O}(N)$ and thus can be applied to large data problems. We exemplify the effectiveness of our proposed implementation through numerical simulations.

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Hard Sample Matters a Lot in Zero-Shot Quantization

Hard Sample Matters a Lot in Zero-Shot Quantization

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Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： Huantong Li Xiangmiao Wu Fanbing Lv Daihai Liao Thomas H. Li Yonggang Zhang Bo Han Mingkui Tan South China University of Technology Information Technology R&D Innovation Center of Peking University Changsha Hisense Intelligent System Research Institute Co. Ltd School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen China Hong Kong Baptist University Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Robot Ministry of Education PengCheng Laboratory

Zero-shot quantization (ZSQ) is promising for compressing and accelerating deep neural networks when the data for training full-precision models are inaccessible. In ZSQ, network quantization is performed using synthetic samples, thus, the performance of quantized models depends heavily on the quality of synthetic samples. Nonetheless, we find that the synthetic samples constructed in existing ZSQ methods can be easily fitted by models. Accordingly, quantized models obtained by these methods suffer from significant performance degradation on hard samples. To address this issue, we propose HArd sample Synthesizing and Training (HAST). Specifically, HAST pays more attention to hard samples when synthesizing samples and makes synthetic samples hard to fit when training quantized models. HAST aligns features extracted by full-precision and quantized models to ensure the similarity between features extracted by these two models. Extensive experiments show that HAST significantly outperforms existing ZSQ methods, achieving performance comparable to models that are quantized with real data.

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