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arXiv 2022年

作者： Hu, Shengshan Zhou, Ziqi Zhang, Yechao Zhang, Leo Yu Zheng, Yifeng He, Yuanyuan Jin, Hai School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Information Technology Deakin University VIC3216 Australia School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security HUST Wuhan430074 China Cluster and Grid Computing Lab HUST Wuhan430074 China

Due to its powerful feature learning capability and high efficiency, deep hashing has achieved great success in large-scale image retrieval. Meanwhile, extensive works have demonstrated that deep neural networks (DNNs) are susceptible to adversarial examples, and exploring adversarial attack against deep hashing has attracted many research efforts. Nevertheless, backdoor attack, another famous threat to DNNs, has not been studied for deep hashing yet. Although various backdoor attacks have been proposed in the field of image classification, existing approaches failed to realize a truly imperceptive backdoor attack that enjoys invisible triggers and clean label setting simultaneously, and they also cannot meet the intrinsic demand of image retrieval backdoor. In this paper, we propose BadHash, the first generative-based imperceptible backdoor attack against deep hashing, which can effectively generate invisible and input-specific poisoned images with clean label. Specifically, we first propose a new conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) pipeline to effectively generate poisoned samples. For any given benign image, it seeks to generate a natural-looking poisoned counterpart with a unique invisible trigger. In order to improve the attack effectiveness, we introduce a label-based contrastive learning network LabCLN to exploit the semantic characteristics of different labels, which are subsequently used for confusing and misleading the target model to learn the embedded trigger. We finally explore the mechanism of backdoor attacks on image retrieval in the hash space. Extensive experiments on multiple benchmark datasets verify that BadHash can generate imperceptible poisoned samples with strong attack ability and transferability over state-of-the-art deep hashing schemes. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Pre-ictal causal connectivity reveals the epileptic network characteristics for deep brain stimulation

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Neuroscience 2025年 579卷 329-343页

作者： Yifan Wang Tao Yu Yulan Ma Weigang Cui Xueyuan Wang Liankun Ren Yang Li Department of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery Department of Functional Neurosurgery Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China School of Engineering Medicine Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Department of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China

Deep brain stimulation of anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT-DBS) is an effective clinical treatment for drug-resistant focal epilepsy. However, the complex epileptic network characteristics underlying ANT-stimulation effectiveness remain unknown, owing to currently unclear connectivity between ANT and seizure-related cortex in pre-ictal periods. Here, we developed a novel individualized pre-ictal ANT-cortical tripartite connectivity network (PANT-CTCNet), aiming to reveal epileptic network characteristics using intracranial stereo-electroencephalography (sEEG) recordings in five patients with focal epilepsy for 90 trials. Each trial represented a pre-ictal or post-stimulus sEEG duration, which was used to construct the epileptic network. By employing conditional Granger causality, we constructed individualized ANT-cortical connectivity networks and found a common epileptic network centred on ANT closely connected with seizure-related cortex in pre-ictal periods. After ANT stimulation for clinical validation, strengthened pre-ictal connectivity between ANT and epileptogenic zones led to significant decline in the causal intensity of epileptic networks. The PANT-CTCNet can give a quantitative reference for clinical preoperative evaluation of patient suitability for ANT-DBS treatment. These findings regarding epileptic network characteristics provide theoretical basis in the selection of optimal surgical candidates for personalized ANT-DBS.

关键词： Anterior nucleus of the thalamus Epilepsy Epileptic network characteristics Neuromodulation Stereo-electroencephalography

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Quantifying the Benefits of Implementing big data Analytics on Consumers’ Online Purchase Intentions in e-Commerce

Quantifying the Benefits of Implementing Big Data Analytics ...

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computing (ICOCO), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Justin Ang Kang Wei Mahayaudin M. Mansor Zuraidah Derasit Mohd Aftar Abu Bakar Ahmad Zia Ul-Saufie Firdaus Mohamad Hamzah Faculty of Business Economics and Accounting HELP University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia School of Mathematical Sciences College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia Institute for Big Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia Department of Mathematical Sciences Faculty of Science & Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Malaysia Centre for Defence Foundation Studies Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9798331530303

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530310

The digital revolution has reshaped the global economy, especially e-commerce. Innovative technologies such as big data analytics, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing drive this transformation, enabling companies to make informed business decisions and influence consumers’ online purchasing behaviour. This study explores empirical evidence for the benefits of using big data analytics (BDA) to influence consumers’ online purchasing decisions in e-commerce. Primary data was collected via an online survey targeting 300 customers with online shopping experience on platforms that have adopted the digital technologies of BDA. Statistical methods used in this study included questionnaire design, reliability test, descriptive analysis, and multiple regression modelling and diagnostics. The findings indicate that the benefits of implementing BDA in e-commerce for information search, recommendation systems, consumer services, dynamic pricing, security and fraud detection are strongly associated with consumers’ online purchasing intentions. The study underscores the importance of businesses leveraging BDA, as the benefits significantly and positively impact consumers’ purchasing intentions in e-commerce while addressing security and fraud detection concerns that undermine its advantage. Nevertheless, we encourage all companies to leverage BDA implementation in their digital marketplace, which ultimately contributes to achieving e-commerce goals, such as increased market reach, cost reduction, and revenue growth.

关键词： Surveys Statistical analysis Companies big data Reliability engineering Fraud Electronic commerce Security Recommender systems Business

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Nonreciprocal coherent coupling of nanomagnets by exchange spin waves

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Nano Research 2021年第7期14卷 2133-2138页

作者： Hanchen Wang Jilei Chen Tao Yu Chuanpu Liu Chenyang Guo Song Liu Ka Shen Hao Jia Tao Liu Jianyu Zhang Marco A.Cabero Z Qiuming Song Sa Tu Mingzhong Wu Xiufeng Han Ke Xia Dapeng Yu Gerrit E.W.Bauer Haiming Yu Fert Beijing Institute School of Integrated Circuit Science and EngineeringBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain ComputingBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter 22761 HamburgGermany Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering(SIQSE) and Department of PhysicsSouthern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech)Shenzhen 518055China Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Physics Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado 80523USA Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft University of Technology2628 CJ DelftThe Netherlands Institute for Materials Research WPI-AIMR and CSNRTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of GroningenGroningenNijenborgh 49747 AG GroningenThe Netherlands

Nanomagnets are widely used to store information in non-volatile spintronic *** waves can transfer information with low-power consumption as their propagations are independent of charge ***,to dynamically couple two distant nanomagnets via spin waves remains a major challenge for *** we experimentally demonstrate coherent coupling of two distant Co nanowires by fast propagating spin waves in an yttrium iron garnet thin film with sub-50 nm *** in two nanomagnets are unidirectionally phase-locked with phase shifts controlled by magnon spin torque and spin-wave *** coupled system is finally formulated by an analytical theory in terms of an effective non-Hermitian *** results are attractive for analog neuromorphic computing that requires unidirectional information transmission.

关键词： spintronics nanomagnets spin waves coherent coupling nonreciprocity

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Programming Variational Quantum Circuits with Quantum-Train Agent

Programming Variational Quantum Circuits with Quantum-Train ...

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Quantum Communications, Networking, and computing (QCNC), International Conference on

作者： Chen-Yu Liu Samuel Yen-Chi Chen Kuan-Cheng Chen Wei-Jia Huang Yen-Jui Chang Graduate Institute of Applied Physics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Hon Hai (Foxconn) Research Institute Taipei Taiwan Wells Fargo New York NY USA Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London London UK Centre for Quantum Engineering Science and Technology (QuEST) Imperial College London London UK Quantum Information Center Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan City Taiwan Master Program in Intelligent Computing and Big Data Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan City Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798331531591

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531607

This study introduces the Quantum-Train Quantum Fast Weight Programmer (QT-QFWP) framework, enabling efficient and scalable programming of variational quantum circuits (VQCs) through quantum-driven parameter updates for the classical slow programmer controlling the fast programmer VQC. By optimizing quantum and classical parameter management, QT-QFWP significantly reduces parameters (by 70–90%) compared to Quantum Long Short-Term Memory (QLSTM) and Quantum Fast Weight Programmer (QFWP) while maintaining accuracy. Benchmarking on time-series tasks—including Damped Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), NARMA5, and Simulated Gravitational Waves (GW)—demonstrates superior efficiency and predictive accuracy. QT-QFWP is particularly advantageous for near-term quantum systems, addressing qubit and gate fidelity constraints, enhancing VQC deployment in time-sensitive applications, and expanding quantum computing’s role in machine learning.

关键词： Quantum system Accuracy Computational modeling Qubit Neural networks Programming Predictive models Quantum circuit Physics Long short term memory

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Hyperbolic geometric latent diffusion model for graph generation 24

Hyperbolic geometric latent diffusion model for graph genera...

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Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning

作者： Xingcheng Fu Yisen Gao Yuecen Wei Qingyun Sun Hao Peng Jianxin Li Xianxian Li Key Lab of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology Ministry of Education Guangxi Normal University Guilin China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beihang University Beijing China and Key Lab of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology Ministry of Education Guangxi Normal University Guilin China School of Software Beihang University Beijing China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China

Diffusion models have made significant contributions to computer vision, sparking a growing interest in the community recently regarding the application of them to graph generation. Existing discrete graph diffusion models exhibit heightened computational complexity and diminished training efficiency. A preferable and natural way is to directly diffuse the graph within the latent space. However, due to the non-Euclidean structure of graphs is not isotropic in the latent space, the existing latent diffusion models effectively make it difficult to capture and preserve the topological information of graphs. To address the above challenges, we propose a novel geometrically latent diffusion framework HypDiff. Specifically, we first establish a geometrically latent space with interpretability measures based on hyperbolic geometry, to define anisotropic latent diffusion processes for graphs. Then, we propose a geometrically latent diffusion process that is constrained by both radial and angular geometric properties, thereby ensuring the preservation of the original topological properties in the generative graphs. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the superior effectiveness of HypDiff for graph generation with various topologies.

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Visualizing nonlinear resonance in nanomechanical systems via single-electron tunneling

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Nano Research 2021年第4期14卷 1156-1161页

作者： Xinhe Wang Lin Cong Dong Zhu Zi Yuan Xiaoyang Lin Weisheng Zhao Zaiqiao Bai Wenjie Liang Ximing Sun Guang-Wei Deng Kaili Jiang Fert Beijing Research Institute School of Microelectronics&Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Big Data and Brain Computing(BDBC)Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of Physics and Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research CenterTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Quantum Information CASUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy TechnologyKey Laboratory of Advanced Reactor EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China

Numerous reports have elucidated the importance of mechanical resonators comprising quantum-dot-embedded carbon nanotubes(CNTs)for studying the effects of single-electron ***,there is a need to investigate the single-electron transport that drives a large amplitude into a nonlinear ***,a CNT hybrid device has been investigated,which comprises a gate-defined quantum dot that is embedded into a mechanical resonator under strong actuation *** Coulomb peak positions synchronously oscillate with the mechanical vibrations,enabling a single-electron Chopper*1 ***,the vibration amplitude of the CNT versus its frequency can be directly visualized via detecting the time-averaged single-electron tunneling *** understand this phenomenon,a general formula is derived for this time-averaged single-electron tunneling current,which agrees well with the experimental *** using this visualization method,a variety of nonlinear motions of a CNT mechanical oscillator have been directly recorded,such as Duffing nonlinearity,parametric resonance,and double-,fractional-,mixed-frequency *** approach opens up burgeoning opportunities for investigating and understanding the nonlinear motion of a nanomechanical system and its interactions with electron transport in quantum regimes.

关键词： carbon nanotube mechanical resonator quantum dot nonlinear coupling

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Quantum-Inspired Acceleration for Image Reconstruction on Ising Machines

Quantum-Inspired Acceleration for Image Reconstruction on Is...

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Quantum computing and Engineering (QCE), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Yen-Jui Chang Hao-Yuan Chen Ying Chang Lu Lien-Po Yu Chao-Ming Fu Ching-Ray Chang Master Program in Intelligent Computing and Big Data Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan City Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Fujitsu Taiwan Ltd. Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science University of London London United Kingdom Institute for Information Industry Taipei Taiwan Fo Guang University Yilan Taiwan Quantum Information Center Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan City Taiwan

The study investigates a quantum-inspired approach to image reconstruction using Ising machines and demonstrates its significant improvements over the contrastive divergence method in Restricted Boltzmann Machines tra... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9798331541378

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541385

关键词： Training Quantum computing Image reconstruction

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Phytoplankton Succession Phenology Trends in the Backwaters of the Three Gorges Reservoir and Their Drivers: Results from Satellite Observations

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zhou, Botian Shi, Kun Wang, Weijia Zhang, Dong Qin, Boqiang Zhang, Yunlin Dong, Baili Shang, Mingsheng Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Chongqing400714 China State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing210008 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

Information on long-term phytoplankton phenology trends is critical for clarifying the responses of aquatic ecosystems to environmental changes. However, the trends in the phenological metrics of phytoplankton blooms have not yet been comprehensively investigated in river systems with complex hydrodynamic conditions and typical phytoplankton community succession characteristics. Here, we investigated long-term phytoplankton phenology trends in the four typical backwaters of the Three Gorges Reservoir as well as the driving factors of these trends between 2008 and 2020 using in situ and satellite observations. The phenological metrics, including the initiation, termination, and community succession dates of phytoplankton blooms, were extracted from satellite imagery. We found that the phytoplankton bloom and green algal bloom durations have significantly increased, while the durations of cyanobacterial blooms have obviously decreased since 2008. Specifically, the initiation date (of cyanobacterial blooms) and first succession date (from cyanobacterial blooms to green algal blooms) were advanced by 9.75 d and 23.25 d, respectively. However, the second succession date (from green algal blooms to cyanobacterial blooms) and termination date (of cyanobacterial blooms) were delayed by 24.25 d and 13.5 d, respectively. We revealed that air temperature and water level changes were likely responsible for these trends (mean relative contribution = 75.1 ± 6.1%). These findings provide new insight into regional climatic change and reservoir environmental management and can help researchers address recurrent and harmful phytoplankton blooms and their associated adverse effects. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Atmospheric temperature

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Invisible Backdoor Attack with Sample-Specific Triggers

Invisible Backdoor Attack with Sample-Specific Triggers

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International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)

作者： Yuezun Li Yiming Li Baoyuan Wu Longkang Li Ran He Siwei Lyu Ocean University of China Qingdao China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen China School of Data Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Secure Computing Lab of Big Data Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Shenzhen China NLPR/CRIPAC Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University at Buffalo SUNY NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665428132

Recently, backdoor attacks pose a new security threat to the training process of deep neural networks (DNNs). Attackers intend to inject hidden backdoors into DNNs, such that the attacked model performs well on benign samples, whereas its prediction will be maliciously changed if hidden backdoors are activated by the attacker-defined trigger. Existing backdoor attacks usually adopt the setting that triggers are sample-agnostic, i.e., different poisoned samples contain the same trigger, resulting in that the attacks could be easily mitigated by current backdoor defenses. In this work, we explore a novel attack paradigm, where backdoor triggers are sample-specific. In our attack, we only need to modify certain training samples with invisible perturbation, while not need to manipulate other training components (e.g., training loss, and model structure) as required in many existing attacks. Specifically, inspired by the recent advance in DNN-based image steganography, we generate sample-specific invisible additive noises as backdoor triggers by encoding an attacker-specified string into benign images through an encoder-decoder network. The mapping from the string to the target label will be generated when DNNs are trained on the poisoned dataset. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets verify the effectiveness of our method in attacking models with or without defenses. The code will be available at https://***/yuezunli/ISSBA.

关键词： Training Additive noise Deep learning Steganography Computer vision Image coding Perturbation methods

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