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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Haozhe Zhang, Wentian Liu, Feng Wu, Haoqian Shen, Linlin The Computer Vision Institute College of Computer Science and Software Engineering SZU Branch Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society The National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology The Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

The vulnerability of automated fingerprint recognition systems (AFRSs) to presentation attacks (PAs) promotes the vigorous development of PA detection (PAD) technology. However, PAD methods have been limited by information loss and poor generalization ability, resulting in new PA materials and fingerprint sensors. This paper thus proposes a global-local model-based PAD (RTK-PAD) method to overcome those limitations to some extent. The proposed method consists of three modules, called: 1) the global module;2) the local module;and 3) the rethinking module. By adopting the cut-out-based global module, a global spoofness score predicted from nonlocal features of the entire fingerprint images can be achieved. While by using the texture in-painting-based local module, a local spoofness score predicted from fingerprint patches is obtained. The two modules are not independent but connected through our proposed rethinking module by localizing two discriminative patches for the local module based on the global spoofness score. Finally, the fusion spoofness score by averaging the global and local spoofness scores is used for PAD. Our experimental results evaluated on LivDet 2017 show that the proposed RTK-PAD can achieve an average classification error (ACE) of 2.28% and a true detection rate (TDR) of 91.19% when the false detection rate (FDR) equals 1.0%, which significantly outperformed the state-of-the-art methods by ∼10% in terms of TDR (91.19% versus 80.74%). Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Supervised learning

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A Collaborative Jamming Algorithm Based on Multi-UAV Scheduling

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Jiang, Yixin Zhou, Lingyun Tang, Yijia Tu, Ya Liu, Chunhong Shi, Qingjiang School of Software Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Science and Technology on Communication Information Security Control Laboratory Jiaxing314033 China Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Shenzhen518172 China

In this paper, we consider the problem of multiunmanned aerial vehicles’ (UAVs)’ scheduling for cooperative jamming, where UAVs equipped with directional antennas perform collaborative jamming tasks against several targets of interest. To ensure effective jamming towards the targets, we formulate it as an non-convex optimization problem, aiming to minimize the communication performance of the targets by jointly optimizing UAVs’ deployment and directional antenna orientations. Due to the unique structure of the problem, we derive an equivalent transformation by introducing a set of auxiliary matrices. Subsequently, we propose an efficient iterative algorithm based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), which decomposes the problem into multiple tractable subproblems solved in closed-form or by gradient projection method. Extensive simulations validate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Relation-Based Multi-Teacher Knowledge Distillation

Relation-Based Multi-Teacher Knowledge Distillation

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Yutian Wang Yi Xu School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Trusted Cloud Computing and Big Data Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu China Laboratory of Intelligent Collaborative Computing University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

ISBN: (数字)9798350359312

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359329

Traditional knowledge distillation adopts one teacher model to instruct the training of a lightweight student model. To improve the performance of knowledge distillation, multi-teacher knowledge distillation utilizing multi-party knowledge to guide model learning was proposed. However, existing methods mainly use the summation-result of teacher models of a single sample to integrate multi-party knowledge directly, ignoring the relation knowledge among samples. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-teacher knowledge distillation method, which utilizes the data relation knowledge to allocate weights for teachers adaptively. To obtain the data relation knowledge, we design output-based strategy and feature-based strategy, which would help to allocate more weight for the teacher who has better learned the data relation knowledge. Extensive experiments have demonstrated the performance and efficiency of our proposed multi-teacher knowledge distillation method.

关键词： Training Adaptation models Neural networks

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Snapshot boosting: a fast ensemble framework for deep neural networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第1期63卷 77-88页

作者： Wentao ZHANG Jiawei JIANG Yingxia SHAO Bin CUI Center for Data Science Peking University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Department of Computer Science Beijing Key Lab of Intelligent Telecommunications Software and Multimedia School of Computer ScienceBeijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Key Lab of High Confidence Software Technologies Department of Computer SciencePeking University

Boosting has been proven to be effective in improving the generalization of machine learning models in many fields. It is capable of getting high-diversity base learners and getting an accurate ensemble model by combining a sufficient number of weak learners. However, it is rarely used in deep learning due to the high training budget of the neural network. Another method named snapshot ensemble can significantly reduce the training budget, but it is hard to balance the tradeoff between training costs and diversity. Inspired by the ideas of snapshot ensemble and boosting, we propose a method named snapshot boosting. A series of operations are performed to get many base models with high diversity and accuracy, such as the use of the validation set, the boosting-based training framework, and the effective ensemble strategy. Last, we evaluate our method on the computer vision(CV) and the natural language processing(NLP) tasks, and the results show that snapshot boosting can get a more balanced trade-off between training expenses and ensemble accuracy than other well-known ensemble methods.

关键词： ensemble learning deep learning boosting neural network snapshot ensemble

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Prioritizing Test Cases Through Dual-Uncertainty Evaluating for Road Disease Detection System

Prioritizing Test Cases Through Dual-Uncertainty Evaluating ...

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Asia-Pacific Conference on software engineering

作者： Chenxu Niu Huijun Liu Ao Li Tianhao Xiao Zhimin Ruan Ling Xu Yongxin Ge College of Computer Science Chongqing University Chongqing China School of Big Data & Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China China Merchants Chongqing Communications Technology Research&Design Institute Co. Ltd. Chongqing China

ISBN: (数字)9798331534011

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534028

Road damage detection system based on deep learning models has been extensively researched, capable of intelligently detecting damages in roads. However, to ensure reliability, a large number of images usually need to be collected and annotated to test the model. Collecting images is often a straightforward work, but annotating them is both time-consuming and costly. To minimize annotation costs during the testing phase, we can evaluate images using Test Prioritization method to select more meaningful samples for system testing. Yet, most mainstream work currently only evaluates cases based on classification result, neglecting the impact of localization. At the same time, these methods do not provide higher evaluation results to complex images that may detect errors or images where targets cannot be detected at all. To address these issues, we propose a new Test Prioritization tool, Dual-u, to evaluate road damage cases. It consists of two components: (1) Localization Uncertainty Evaluation, which evaluates the localization of damages while considering the value of the image, ensuring that complex images and images where targets cannot be detected also have higher priority; (2) Classification Uncertainty Evaluation, which evaluates the classification of damages. To evaluate Dual-u, we conduct extensive experiments using two object detection model architectures on multiple road disease datasets, and the results demonstrate that Dual-u outperforms existing methods in evaluating cases. Moreover, Dual-u can also be used to improve the accuracy and robustness of road disease detection models.

关键词： Location awareness Deep learning System testing Uncertainty Costs Roads Object detection Robustness Diseases software engineering

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CLDG: Contrastive Learning on Dynamic Graphs

CLDG: Contrastive Learning on Dynamic Graphs

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International Conference on data engineering

作者： Yiming Xu Bin Shi Teng Ma Bo Dong Haoyi Zhou Qinghua Zheng Department of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University China Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University China Department of Distance Education Xi’an Jiaotong University China School of Software Beihang University China Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University China

The graph with complex annotations is the most potent data type, whose constantly evolving motivates further exploration of the unsupervised dynamic graph representation. One of the representative paradigms is graph contrastive learning. It constructs self-supervised signals by maximizing the mutual information between the statistic graph’s augmentation views. However, the semantics and labels may change within the augmentation process, causing a significant performance drop in downstream tasks. This drawback becomes greatly magnified on dynamic graphs. To address this problem, we designed a simple yet effective framework named CLDG. Firstly, we elaborate that dynamic graphs have temporal translation invariance at different levels. Then, we proposed a sampling layer to extract the temporally-persistent signals. It will encourage the node to maintain consistent local and global representations, i.e., temporal translation invariance under the timespan views. The extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the method on seven datasets by outperforming eight unsupervised state-of-the-art baselines and showing competitiveness against four semi-supervised methods. Compared with the existing dynamic graph method, the number of model parameters and training time is reduced by an average of 2,001.86 times and 130.31 times on seven datasets, respectively. The code and data are available at: https://***/yimingxu24/CLDG.

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CA-Edit: Causality-Aware Condition Adapter for High-Fidelity Local Facial Attribute Editing 39

CA-Edit: Causality-Aware Condition Adapter for High-Fidelity...

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39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Xian, Xiaole He, Xilin Niu, Zenghao Zhang, Junliang Xie, Weicheng Song, Siyang Yu, Zitong Shen, Linlin Computer Vision Institute School of Computer Science & Software Engineering Shenzhen University China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing China University of Exeter United Kingdom Great Bay University China

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

For efficient and high-fidelity local facial attribute editing, most existing editing methods either require additional finetuning for different editing effects or tend to affect beyond the editing regions. Alternatively, inpainting methods can edit the target image region while preserving external areas. However, current inpainting methods still suffer from the generation misalignment with facial attributes description and the loss of facial skin details. To address these challenges, (i) a novel data utilization strategy is introduced to construct datasets consisting of attribute-text-image triples from a data-driven perspective, (ii) a Causality-Aware Condition Adapter is proposed to enhance the contextual causality modeling of specific details, which encodes the skin details from the original image while preventing conflicts between these cues and textual conditions. In addition, a Skin Transition Frequency Guidance technique is introduced for the local modeling of contextual causality via sampling guidance driven by low-frequency alignment. Extensive quantitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in boosting both fidelity and editability for localized attribute editing. Our codes will be made publicly available. Copyright © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

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An Overview of Controllable Image Synthesis: Current Challenges and Future Trends

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Huang, Shanshan Li, Qingsong Liao, Jun Liu, Li Li, Lian School of Big Data & software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing400000 China School of Computers Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei230601 China

Controllable image synthesis is a method by which users can manipulate a particular attribute in an image in a semantically meaningful way without affecting other attributes. This research has been a hot topic in image processing, with significant advances in visual authenticity, diversity, and controllability over the past few years. However, there are still some challenges in this field, such as the controllability and interpretability of synthesis images. This paper is the first comprehensive and systematic discussion of controllable image synthesis, from problem definition, taxonomy and evaluation systems to existing challenges and future research directions. Firstly, the definition of controllable image synthesis is given, and several representative deep generative models are introduced in detail. Secondly, the existing controllable image synthesis methods are divided into three categories according to the different control manners used and discuss the typical work in each category critically. Next, this paper introduces the public datasets and evaluation metrics commonly used in image synthesis and analyzes the representative controllable image synthesis methods. Finally, we summarize the whole literature, and some open topics and future development direction of controllable image synthesis are discussed. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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A Complex Belief Jensen-Shannon Divergence in Complex Evidence Theory for Decision-Making

A Complex Belief Jensen-Shannon Divergence in Complex Eviden...

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IEEE International Conference on Unmanned Systems (ICUS)

作者： Linlu Gao Mingrui Yin Fuyuan Xiao Zehong Cao The School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China STEM Mawson Lakes Campus University of South Australia Adelaide Australia

Effective target detection and recognition are essential in remote sensing image field, and complex evidence theory (CET) is widely used for this purpose. However, measuring conflict between complex basic belief assignments (CBBAs) in CET is challenging. This study proposes a complex belief Jensen-Shannon divergence based on the complex Pignistic transformation to measure conflict, accounting for quantum interference effects in CBBAs. We analyze the properties of the CBJS divergence, including boundedness, nondegeneracy, and symmetry. Numerical examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the conflict measure method and the potential of improving the robustness of intelligent interpretation system. Moreover, an algorithm for decision-making is presented and applied in pattern recognition illustrating its superiority.

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Graph Neural Networks for Vulnerability Detection: A Counterfactual Explanation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chu, Zhaoyang Wan, Yao Li, Qian Wu, Yang Zhang, Hongyu Sui, Yulei Xu, Guandong Jin, Hai School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Electrical Engineering Computing and Mathematical Sciences Curtin University Australia School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Australia School of Computer Science University of Technology Sydney Australia National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Vulnerability detection is crucial for ensuring the security and reliability of software systems. Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a prominent code embedding approach for vulnerability detection, owing to their ability to capture the underlying semantic structure of source code. However, GNNs face significant challenges in explainability due to their inherently black-box nature. To this end, several factual reasoning-based explainers have been proposed. These explainers provide explanations for the predictions made by GNNs by analyzing the key features that contribute to the outcomes. We argue that these factual reasoning-based explanations cannot answer critical what-if questions: "What would happen to the GNN's decision if we were to alter the code graph into alternative structures?" Inspired by advancements of counterfactual reasoning in artificial intelligence, we propose CFExplainer, a novel counterfactual explainer for GNN-based vulnerability detection. Unlike factual reasoning-based explainers, CFExplainer seeks the minimal perturbation to the input code graph that leads to a change in the prediction, thereby addressing the what-if questions for vulnerability detection. We term this perturbation a counterfactual explanation, which can pinpoint the root causes of the detected vulnerability and furnish valuable insights for developers to undertake appropriate actions for fixing the vulnerability. Extensive experiments on four GNN-based vulnerability detection models demonstrate the effectiveness of CFExplainer over existing state-of-the-art factual reasoning-based explainers. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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