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Computational Optical Sensing and Imaging, COSI 2024 - Part of Optica Imaging Congress

作者： Markley, Eric Kabuli, Leyla Chien, Tiffany Pinkard, Henry Waller, Laura UCB/UCSF Joint Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California Berkeley United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley United States

We present a technique for information-theoretic optimization of computational imaging systems demonstrated in snapshot 3D microscopy. By directly evaluating measurement quality and decoupling optimization from downst... 详细信息

关键词： Decoding

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Label-Free Classification of L-Histidine Vs Artificial Human Sweat Using Laser Scribed Electrodes and a Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network 46

Label-Free Classification of L-Histidine Vs Artificial Human...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： García-Rodríguez, William Saavedra-Ruiz, Andrés Resto-Irizarry, Pedro J. University of Puerto Rico Department of Mechanical Engineering Mayagüez00680 Puerto Rico University of Puerto Rico Bioengineering Graduate Program Mayagüez00680 Puerto Rico

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

A challenge in wearable technology lies in the realtime monitoring of molecular biomarkers associated with human health. Electrochemical sensors are one of the most useful tools for this purpose and are commonly used in health monitoring devices. Electrochemical biosensing is particularly convenient when used in user-friendly, low-cost devices for testing noninvasive body fluids such as sweat and saliva. However, achieving high selectivity and specificity in measurements depends on the complexity of the biomarker and the stability of the biomarker capture molecule. In this study, laser-scribed electrodes (LSEs) were manufactured using a CO2 laser cutter on Polyimide for the label-free classification of sweat components. Cyclic voltammetry experiments were performed on artificial human sweat and the sweat component L-Histidine. The resulting voltammogram data served as input to train a Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP-NN) algorithm capable of classifying L-Histidine and artificial sweat. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Carbon dioxide lasers

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Fast non-iterative algorithm for 3D point-cloud holography

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Optics Express 2023年第22期31卷 36468-36485页

作者： Ersaro, Nathan Tessema Yalcin, Cem Murray, Liz Kabuli, Leyla Waller, Laura Muller, Rikky Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California Berkeley and University of California San Francisco BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States

Recently developed iterative and deep learning-based approaches to computer-generated holography (CGH) have been shown to achieve high-quality photorealistic 3D images with spatial light modulators. However, such approaches remain overly cumbersome for patterning sparse collections of target points across a photoresponsive volume in applications including biological microscopy and material processing. Specifically, in addition to requiring heavy computation that cannot accommodate real-time operation in mobile or hardware-light settings, existing sampling-dependent 3D CGH methods preclude the ability to place target points with arbitrary precision, limiting accessible depths to a handful of planes. Accordingly, we present a non-iterative point cloud holography algorithm that employs fast deterministic calculations in order to efficiently allocate patches of SLM pixels to different target points in the 3D volume and spread the patterning of all points across multiple time frames. Compared to a matched-performance implementation of the iterative Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm, our algorithm’s relative computation speed advantage was found to increase with SLM pixel count, reaching >100,000x at 512 × 512 array format. © 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Regulation of Leukaemia Associated Rho GEF (LARG/ARHGEF12)

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Small GTPases 2022年第1期13卷 196-204页

作者： Ghanem, Neda Z. Matter, Michelle L. Ramos, Joe W. Cancer Biology Program University of Hawaii Cancer Center University of Hawaii at Mānoa Honolulu United States Molecular Biosciences and BioEngineering Graduate Program University of Hawaii at Mānoa Honolulu United States

The Ras homologous (Rho) protein family of GTPases (RhoA, RhoB and RhoC) are the members of the Ras superfamily and regulate cellular processes such as cell migration, proliferation, polarization, adhesion, gene transcription and cytoskeletal structure. Rho GTPases function as molecular switches that cycle between GTP-bound (active state) and GDP-bound (inactive state) forms. Leukaemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that activates RhoA subfamily GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP. LARG is selective for RhoA subfamily GTPases and is an essential regulator of cell migration and invasion. Here, we describe the mechanisms by which LARG is regulated to facilitate the understanding of how LARG mediates functions like cell motility and to provide insight for better therapeutic targeting of these functions. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： ARHGEF12 GTPase LARG migration Rho RhoGef signal transduction

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TOWARDS SINGLE-CELL PROTEOFORM PROFILING: ON-CHIP ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING IN IMMOBILIZED PH GRADIENT GELS

TOWARDS SINGLE-CELL PROTEOFORM PROFILING: ON-CHIP ISOELECTRI...

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2022 Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Workshop, Hilton Head 2022

作者： Lomeli, Gabriela Herr, Amy E. UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering CA United States Department of Bioengineering University of California BerkeleyCA United States Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San FranciscoCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781940470047

Microfluidic tools are an essential capability in understanding cell-to-cell heterogeneity. Similarly, precision microanalytical tools can play an outsize role in measuring molecule-to-molecule heterogeneity, especially as protein post-translational modifications create proteoforms that execute regular and aberrant cellular functions. Although highly related, slight variations in protein charge contribute to proteoform heterogeneity. Electrophoretic methods, including immobilized pH gradient isoelectric focusing (IPG-IEF), provide the resolution to measure subtle protein-to-protein differences. However, conventional IPG-IEF can be low-throughput and requires large starting sample amounts, precluding single-cell analysis. Here, we present the first polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based, immunoprobed, microfluidic IPG-IEF device to our knowledge. We demonstrate separation performance on par with our single-cell IEF device, including resolving analytes differing by only 0.1 pH. © 2022 TRF.

关键词： Electrophoresis

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Design considerations for piezocomposite materials for electrical stimulation in medical implants

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Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology 2022年第5期46卷 402-414页

作者： Krech, Ember Haas, Evan Tideman, Grace Reinsch, Bonnie Friis, Elizabeth Bioengineering Graduate Program University of Kansas LawrenceKS United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Kansas LawrenceKS United States Department of Chemical Engineering University of Kansas LawrenceKS United States

Incidence of non-union following long bone fracture fixation and spinal fusion procedures is increasing, and very costly for patients and the medical system. Direct current (DC) electrical stimulation has shown success as an adjunct therapy to stimulate bone healing and increase surgery success rates, though drawbacks of current devices and implantable battery packs have limited widespread use. Energy harvesting utilising piezoelectric materials has been widely studied for powering devices without a battery, and a preclinical animal study has shown efficacy of a piezocomposite spinal fusion implant resulting in faster, more robust fusion. Most piezoelectric energy harvesters operate most effectively at high frequencies, limiting power generation from loads experienced by orthopaedic implants during human motion. This work characterises the efficient power generation capability of a novel composite piezoelectric material under simulated walking loads. Building on compliant layer adaptive composite stacks (CLACS), the power generation of mixed-mode CLACS (MMCLACS) is defined. Utilising poling direction to capitalise on in-plane strain generation due to compliant layer expansion, MMCLACS significantly increased power output compared to a standard piezo stack. The combination of radial and through-thickness poled piezoelectric elements within a stack to create MMCLACS significantly increases power generation under low-frequency dynamic loads. This technology can be adapted to a variety of architectures and assembled as a load-bearing energy harvester within current implants. MMCLACS integrated with implants would provide enough power to deliver bone healing electrical stimulation directly to the fusion site, decreasing non-union rates, and also could provide quantitative assessment of healing progression through load sensing. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Energy harvesting

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Development of a Thin-Film pH Sensor for Quantitative Detection of MicroRNAs

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IEEJ Transactions on Sensors and Micromachines 2024年第7期144卷 185-186页

作者： Suzuki, Kazuya Tabata, Miyuki Miyahara, Yuji Arakawa, Takahiro Sustainable Engineering Program Graduate School of Engineering Tokyo University of Technology 1404-1 Katakura-cho Hachioji Tokyo192-0982 Japan Graduate School of Bio-applications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 2-24-16 Naka-cho Tokyo Koganei184-8588 Japan Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering Tokyo Medical and Dental University 2-3-10 Kanda-surugadai Chiyoda-ku Tokyo101-0062 Japan

Quantification methods for microRNAs (miRNAs) are attracting attention, because miRNAs provide a potential biomarker in liquid biopsy. In this research, we developed an electrical monitoring device of nucleic acid amplification that is simpler than the conventional PCR method, combining an isothermal amplification method and a thin-film Iridium/Iridium oxide (Ir/IrOx) electrode. The fabricated Ir/IrOx electrode showed ideal Nernstian response under the various pH buffer solutions. Moreover, we successfully real-time monitored three-way junction primer generation-rolling circle amplification (3WJ-PGRCA) at the 0.01, 0.1 pM, Negative Control of target miRNA based on fluorescence detection. The fabricated Ir/IrOx electrode would be a promising liquid biopsy platform by detecting released proton during amplification reaction at the constant reaction temperature. © 2024 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： pH sensors

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Aging impairs the osteocytic regulation of collagen integrity and bone quality

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 78-94页

作者： Charles A.Schurman Serra Kaya Neha Dole Nadja M.Maldonado Luna Natalia Castillo Ryan Potter Jacob P.Rose Joanna Bons Christina D.King Jordan B.Burton Birgit Schilling Simon Melov Simon Tang Eric Schaible Tamara Alliston Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA UC Berkeley/UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering San FranciscoCA 94143USA Buck Institute for Research on Aging NovatoCA 94945USA Washington University in St Louis Department of OrthopedicsSt.LouisMO 63130USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Poor bone quality is a major factor in skeletal fragility in elderly *** molecular mechanisms that establish and maintain bone quality,independent of bone mass,are unknown but are thought to be primarily determined by *** hypothesize that the age-related decline in bone quality results from the suppression of osteocyte perilacunar/canalicular remodeling(PLR),which maintains bone material *** examined bones from young and aged mice with osteocyte-intrinsic repression of TGFβsignaling(TβRII^(ocy−/−))that suppresses *** control aged bone displayed decreased TGFβsignaling and PLR,but aging did not worsen the existing PLR suppression in male TβRII^(ocy−/−)*** relationship impacted the behavior of collagen material at the nanoscale and tissue scale in macromechanical *** effects of age on bone mass,density,and mineral material behavior were independent of osteocytic TGFβ.We determined that the decline in bone quality with age arises from the loss of osteocyte function and the loss of TGFβ-dependent maintenance of collagen integrity.

关键词： maintain primarily integrity

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Spectral DefocusCam: hyperspectral imaging using defocus and a spectral filter array

Spectral DefocusCam: hyperspectral imaging using defocus and...

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Computational Optical Sensing and Imaging, COSI 2022

作者： Foley, Christian Monakhova, Kristina Yanny, Kyrollos Waller, Laura Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley United States UCB/UCSF Joint Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California Berkeley United States

We propose a compact hyperspectral camera based on a focus-tunable lens and spectral filter array. The camera captures then fuses multiple defocused measurements to obtain a high-resolution hyperspectral volume. ©... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Hyperspectral imaging

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Single-cell RNA-sequencing and subcellular spatial transcriptomics facilitate the translation of liver microphysiological systems for regulatory application

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第7期13卷 691-693页

作者： Dan Li Zhou Fang Qiang Shi Nicholas Zhang Binsheng Gong Weida Tong Ahmet F.Coskun Joshua Xu Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics National Center for Toxicological ResearchU.S.Food and Drug AdministrationJeffersonAR72079USA Wallace H.Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30332USA Machine Learning Graduate Program Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA Division of Systems Biology National Center for Toxicological ResearchU.S.Food and Drug AdministrationJeffersonAR72079USA Interdisciplinary Bioengineering Graduate Program Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA

Reducing the use of animal models in drug development and safety assessment has long been supported by the *** and Drug Administration(FDA).The report by Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals indicates that in 2020,experiments involved the use of over 100 million animals,with the United States leading the list by utilizing 20 million *** ethical considerations associated with animal testing and the costs in terms of time and money,animal models are not always effective in predicting human reactions to drug *** animal testing has been the traditional method for assessing the safety and efficacy of drugs.

关键词： money utilizing testing

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