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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear science (NSS/MIC)

作者： C. Park S. Kim J. Seo M. Alima H. Kim H. Park K. Lee S. Cho J.-Y. Yeom Global Health Technology Research Center Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea Department of Bioengineering Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea Department of Radiation Oncology Chonnam National University Medical School Dong-Gu Republic of Korea School of Biomedical Engineering Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea

The radiation tolerance of several inorganic scintillators was investigated to ensure their reproducibility in electron beam exposure. LuAG:Pr, GPS:Ce, LYSO:Ce, GAGG:Ce single, and GAGG:Ce ceramic scintillators were prepared with all faces polished mechanically and thermally annealed. Electron beam exposures at 50, 100, 500, 1000, and 3000 Gy were conducted using a 6 MeV clinical electron beam from a Varian Novalis Tx linear accelerator with a 270-degree bending magnet. Energy spectra were acquired by exciting a 137 Cs source coupled to a photomultiplier tube (PMT) kept in the dark box with a biased high voltage of -900 V. The relative light output of GPS:Ce and LuAG:Pr compared to the baseline decreased steadily after electron beam exposure, recording 66.2% and 56.9%, respectively, at a dose of 3 kGy. The transmittance and photoluminescence of these scintillators also deteriorated with increasing crystallographic defects. In contrast, LYSO:Ce and GAGG:Ce scintillators demonstrated high tolerance to electron beams. Thermal annealing was shown to restore the scintillation properties of the degraded scintillators. These findings provide valuable insights into the radiation tolerance of inorganic scintillators and have implications for the design of radiation detectors for various applications, including radiation therapy and aerospace. Using inorganic scintillators in radiation therapy is particularly critical for estimating radiation exposure. The potential of these scintillators in aerospace applications will also be explored based on the promising results of this study.

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Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet Public Health 2025年第3期10卷 e172-e188页

作者： Steel, Nicholas Bauer-Staeb, Clarissa Maria Mercedes Ford, John A. Abbafati, Cristiana Abdalla, Mohammed Altigani Abdelkader, Atef Abdi, Parsa Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abukhadijah, Hana J. Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Addo, Isaac Yeboah Addolorato, Giovanni Adekanmbi, Victor Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther Agardh, Emilie E. Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahmad, Danish Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Syed Anees Akinosoglou, Karolina Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Al Awaidy, Salah Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed Aldridge, Robert W. Algammal, Abdelazeem M. Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Ali, Abid Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Alicandro, Gianfranco Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Al-Jumaily, Adel Allebeck, Peter Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Al-Rifai, Rami H. Alsabri, Mohammed A. Alshahrani, Najim Z. Aluh, Deborah Oyine Al-Wardat, Mohammad Al-Zyoud, Walid A. Amiri, Sohrab Anderlini, Deanna Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anil, Abhishek Anvari, Saeid Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Aquilano, Michele Arabloo, Jalal Arafat, Mosab Areda, Demelash Aremu, Abdulfatai Armani, Keivan Armocida, Benedetta Ärnlöv, Johan Asaduzzaman, Muhammad Astell-Burt, Thomas Aujayeb, Avinash Ausloos, Marcel Azadnajafabad, Sina Aziz, Shahkaar Azzam, Ahmed Y. Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah Badache, Andreea Corina Badiye, Ashish D. Bahramian, Saeed Baig, Atif Amin Baker, Jennifer L. Bansal, Hansi Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barone, Mark Thomaz Ugliara Barrow, Amadou Barteit, Sandra Bashir, Shahid Bashiru, Hameed Akande Basso, João Diogo Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi Basu, Sanjay Batra, Kavita Bauckneht, Matteo Baune, Bernhard T. Beghi, Massimiliano Beiranvand, Maryam Béjot, Yannick Bell, Michelle L. Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja Belo, Luis Beloukas, Apostolos Beneke, Alice A. Bettencourt, Paulo J.G. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhala, Neeraj Bhaskar, Sonu Bisulli, Francesca Bjørge, Tone Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan Carvajal, Alejandro Botero Bouaoud, Souad Brayne, Carol Brenner, H Department of Primary Care and Public Health University of East Anglia Norwich United Kingdom Office for Health Improvement and Disparities Department of Health and Social Care London United Kingdom Department of Legal and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Rome Italy Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull United Kingdom Department of Mathematics and Sciences Ajman University Ajman United Arab Emirates Department of Medicine Memorial University St. John's NL Canada Postgraduate Department University of Sierra Sur Miahuatlan de Porfirio Diaz Mexico Yhteiskuntadatatieteen keskus (Centre for Social Data Science) Helsinki Finland Department of Internal Medicine Federal Medical Centre Abuja Nigeria Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institutet (Karolinska Institute) Stockholm Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy University of Jordan Amman Jordan Medical Research Center Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia College of Graduate Health Sciences University of Tennessee Memphis TN United States School of Medicine Sydney NSW Australia Centre for Social Research in Health University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Internal Medicine and Alcohol Related Disease Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Università Cattolica di Roma (Catholic University of Rome) Rome Italy Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX United States Department of Biochemistry Osun State University Osogbo Nigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Medical Sciences Ondo Ondo Nigeria Department of Veteri

Background: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates in different European countries related to changes in life expectancy in those countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used data and methods from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to compare changes in life expectancy at birth, causes of death, and population exposure to risk factors in 16 European Economic Area countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden) and the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) for three time periods: 1990–2011, 2011–19, and 2019–21. Changes in life expectancy and causes of death were estimated with an established life expectancy cause-specific decomposition method, and compared with summary exposure values of risk factors for the major causes of death influencing life expectancy. Findings: All countries showed mean annual improvements in life expectancy in both 1990–2011 (overall mean 0·23 years [95% uncertainty interval [UI] 0·23 to 0·24]) and 2011–19 (overall mean 0·15 years [0·13 to 0·16]). The rate of improvement was lower in 2011–19 than in 1990–2011 in all countries except for Norway, where the mean annual increase in life expectancy rose from 0·21 years (95% UI 0·20 to 0·22) in 1990–2011 to 0·23 years (0·21 to 0·26) in 2011–19 (difference of 0·03 years). In other countries, the difference in mean annual improvement between these periods ranged from –0·01 years in Iceland (0·19 years [95% UI 0·16 to 0·21] vs 0·18 years [0·09 to 0·26]), to –0·18 years in England (0·25 years [0·24 to 0·25] vs 0·07 years [0·06 to 0·08]). In 2019–21, there was an overall decrease in mean annual life expectancy a

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High-temperature strain-mediated oxidation of 2D MoS2

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Materials and Design 2023年 236卷

作者： Rouhan, Mehdi Hobley, Jonathan Lin, Kuang-I Hofmann, Mario Yao, Yu-Chi Chang, Yung-Huang Carpick, Robert William Schall, J. David Jeng, Yeau-Ren Department of Biomedical Engineering National Cheng Kung University 1 University Road Tainan City70101 Taiwan Core Facility Center National Cheng Kung University 1 University Road Tainan City70101 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan Bachelor Program in Interdisciplinary Studies National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Yunlin64002 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics University of Pennsylvania 220 S. 33rd St. PhiladelphiaPA19104-6315 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University GreensboroNC27411 United States Tainan70101 Taiwan

MoS2 is 2D material applicable for electronics, photo-detectors, light-emitting diodes, and solar cells. Since these applications operate at elevated temperatures, determining and controlling the environmental stability of MoS2 is essential. This study uses Raman spectroscopic experiments at elevated temperatures to observe reversible and irreversible changes in 2D MoS2 films with varying thickness, morphology, and substrate to explore the limits of its thermal stability. Molecular dynamics simulations and in-situ X-ray diffraction confirm that thermal expansion causes the Raman reversible spectral shifts. Further analysis reveals irreversible spectral shifts associated with oxidation and strain effects caused by oxidation with two distinct modes. The former is due to the general homogenous thinning of layers from the top layer down through randomly spaced sulfur vacancies. The latter is due to inhomogeneous oxidation, which known to occur as localized pitting at grain boundaries, void formation from nucleation centers, or stress corrosion cracking starting from edges under strain. Segregation of doping and strain contributions confirms higher strain in the edges. Annealing increases the spread of the strain distribution. These results highlight the critical role of strain, resulting from thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between substrates and 2D MoS2 films, on their environmental stability. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Raman spectroscopy

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184 – Cavum septum pellucidum in subjects at ultra high risk for schizophrenia: compared with first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia and healthy volunteers

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Schizophrenia Research 2008年 98卷 109-109页

作者： Choi, J.-S. Kang, D.-H. Park, J.-Y. Jung, W.H. Choi, C.-H. Chon, M.-W. Jung, M.H. Lee, J.-M. Kwon, J.S. Department of Psychiatry Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Brain Science Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Radiology National Medical Center Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering Hanyang University Seoul Republic of Korea

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Extracellular Matrix Protein Composition Dynamically Changes During Murine Forelimb Development

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Jacobson, Kathryn R. Saleh, Aya M. Lipp, Sarah N. Tian, Chengzhe Watson, Audrey R. Luetkemeyer, Callan M. Ocken, Alexander R. Spencer, Sabrina L. Kinzer-Ursem, Tamara L. Calve, Sarah Purdue University Interdisciplinary Life Science Program Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States The Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisIN46202 United States Department of Biochemistry University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO80303 United States BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO80303 United States Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Austria Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering United States

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an integral part of multicellular organisms, connecting different cell layers and tissue types. During morphogenesis and growth, tissues undergo substantial reorganization. While it is intuitive that the ECM remodels in concert, little is known regarding how matrix composition and organization change during development. Here, we quantified ECM protein dynamics in the murine forelimb during appendicular musculoskeletal morphogenesis (embryonic days 11.5-14.5) using tissue fractionation, bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging, and mass spectrometry. Our analyses indicated that ECM protein (matrisome) composition in the embryonic forelimb changed as a function of development and growth, was distinct from other developing organs (brain), and was altered in a model of disease (osteogenesis imperfecta murine). Additionally, the tissue distribution for select matrisome were assessed via immunohistochemistry in the wild-type embryonic and postnatal musculoskeletal system, which did not directly correlate with single-cell transcriptomic expression profiles, indicating the importance for investigating the proteome in addition to the transcriptome. This resource will guide future research investigating the role of the matrisome during complex tissue development. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mass spectrometry

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Erratum to: Enzymatic- and temperature-sensitive controlled release of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxides (USPIOs)

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Journal of Nanobiotechnology 2011年第1期9卷 1-1页

作者： Shann S Yu Ryan A Ortega Charleson S Bell Todd D Giorgio Randy L Scherer Conlin P O'Neil Jeffrey A Hubbell Department of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee USA Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee USA Interdisciplinary Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee USA Integrative Biosciences Institute École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland

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Extraciliary roles of the ciliopathy protein JBTS17 in mitosis and neurogenesis

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IBRO Reports 2019年 6卷 S342-S343页

作者： Hyowon Hong Kwangsic Joo Sang Min Park Jimyung Seo Min Hwan Kim Eunbie Shin Hae Il Cheong Jeong Ho Lee Joon Kim Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program KAIST Daejeon Republic of Korea Department of Opthalmology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Republic of Korea Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering KAIST Daejeon Republic of Korea Research Coordination Center for Rare Disease Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea

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A sharp interface Lagrangian-Eulerian method for flexible-body fluid-structure interaction

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Kolahdouz, Ebrahim M. Wells, David R. Rossi, Simone Aycock, Kenneth I. Craven, Brent A. Griffith, Boyce E. Center for Computational Biology Flatiron Institute Simons Foundation New YorkNY United States Department of Mathematics University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States Division of Applied Mechanics Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories Center for Devices and Radiological Health United States Food and Drug Administration Silver SpringMD United States Departments of Mathematics and Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States Carolina Center for Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States Computational Medicine Program University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States McAllister Heart Institute University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States

This paper introduces a sharp-interface approach to simulating fluid-structure interaction (FSI) involving flexible bodies described by general nonlinear material models and across a broad range of mass density ratios. This new flexible-body immersed Lagrangian-Eulerian (ILE) scheme extends our prior work on integrating partitioned and immersed approaches to rigid-body FSI. Our numerical approach incorporates the geometrical and domain solution flexibility of the immersed boundary (IB) method with an accuracy comparable to body-fitted approaches that sharply resolve flows and stresses up to the fluid-structure interface. Unlike many IB methods, our ILE formulation uses distinct momentum equations for the fluid and solid subregions with a Dirichlet-Neumann coupling strategy that connects fluid and solid subproblems through simple interface conditions. As in earlier work, we use approximate Lagrange multiplier forces to treat the kinematic interface conditions along the fluid-structure interface. This penalty approach simplifies the linear solvers needed by our formulation by introducing two representations of the fluid-structure interface, one that moves with the fluid and another that moves with the structure, that are connected by stiff springs. This approach also enables the use of multi-rate time stepping, which allows us to use different time step sizes for the fluid and structure subproblems. Our fluid solver relies on an immersed interface method (IIM) for discrete surfaces to impose stress jump conditions along complex interfaces while enabling the use of fast structured-grid solvers for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The dynamics of the volumetric structural mesh are determined using a standard finite element approach to large-deformation nonlinear elasticity via a nearly incompressible solid mechanics formulation. This formulation also readily accommodates compressible structures with a constant total volume, and it can handle fully compressibl

关键词： Fluid structure interaction

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Hybrid Solar Cells: Enhanced Light Absorption of Silicon Nanotube Arrays for Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cells (Adv. Mater. 21/2014)

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Advanced Materials 2014年第21期26卷

作者： Huisu Jeong Hui Song Yusin Pak Il Keun Kwon Kyubong Jo Heon Lee Gun Young Jung School of Materials Science and Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) Gwangju 500‐712 Republic of Korea Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering & Institute of Oral Biology School of Dentistry Kyung Hee University Seoul 130‐701 Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology Sogang University Seoul 121‐741 Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul 136‐701 Republic of Korea

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Gene knockout inference with variational graph autoencoder learning single-cell gene regulatory networks

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Nucleic acids research 2023年第13期51卷 6578-6592页

作者： Yongjian Yang Guanxun Li Yan Zhong Qian Xu Bo-Jia Chen Yu-Te Lin Robert S Chapkin James J Cai Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA. Department of Statistics Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA. Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science-MOE School of Statistics East China Normal University 3663 North Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China. Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA. Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health College of Veterinary Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung 402 Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan. Program in Integrative & Complex Diseases Department of Nutrition Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA. Interdisciplinary Program of Genetics Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA.

In this paper, we introduce Gene Knockout Inference (GenKI), a virtual knockout (KO) tool for gene function prediction using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data in the absence of KO samples when only wild-type (WT) samples are available. Without using any information from real KO samples, GenKI is designed to capture shifting patterns in gene regulation caused by the KO perturbation in an unsupervised manner and provide a robust and scalable framework for gene function studies. To achieve this goal, GenKI adapts a variational graph autoencoder (VGAE) model to learn latent representations of genes and interactions between genes from the input WT scRNA-seq data and a derived single-cell gene regulatory network (scGRN). The virtual KO data is then generated by computationally removing all edges of the KO gene-the gene to be knocked out for functional study-from the scGRN. The differences between WT and virtual KO data are discerned by using their corresponding latent parameters derived from the trained VGAE model. Our simulations show that GenKI accurately approximates the perturbation profiles upon gene KO and outperforms the state-of-the-art under a series of evaluation conditions. Using publicly available scRNA-seq data sets, we demonstrate that GenKI recapitulates discoveries of real-animal KO experiments and accurately predicts cell type-specific functions of KO genes. Thus, GenKI provides an in-silico alternative to KO experiments that may partially replace the need for genetically modified animals or other genetically perturbed systems.

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