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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： McAfee, Leo Najafi, Khalil Gianchandani, Yogesh Wise, Kensall D. Maharbiz, Michel M. Aslam, Dean Bergstrom, Paul Friedrich, Craig University of Michigan United States IEEE ASEE Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan United States MI United States WIMS ERC United States EECS Department College of Engineering Interdisciplinary Professional Degree Program in Integrated Microsystems Department of Electrical Engin-eering and Computer Science Department of Manufacturing Technology Department of Biomedical Engineering AIMBE United States United States National Academy of Engineering United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Departments University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States Wireless Integrated Microsystems NSF ERC National Nanotechnology Initiative Network Michigan State University United States Engineering Research Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSystems United States Michigan Technological University United States Michigan Technological University Houghton MI United States Microfabrication Facility Michigan Tech. United States

The Wireless Integrated MicroSystems (WIMS) engineering Research Center (ERC) has developed a broad comprehensive MEMS and microsystem curriculum suitable for upper-level undergraduate students, graduate students, and industry professionals. Five core courses were in the initial curriculum design. The design had flexibility that invited development of other core courses, as well as related technical electives and breadth electives. The core courses provide instruction in MEMS, Microsystems, major design and laboratory measurements, and societal impact. The course enrollments have been strong. A master of engineering in integrated microsystems degree program was developed so that industry professionals would have a focused set of coursework, while providing flexibility that would permit custom tailoring of the total course package to serve specific needs. Distance education dissemination of the courses as whole courses, or as discrete portions of course materials, was intended to be available;that goal has been realized. The core courses originate at the University of Michigan (UM), and have been distributed to Michigan State University (MSU), Michigan Technological University (MTU), Howard University (HU), University of Puerto Rico - Mayaguez (UPRM), and Western Michigan University (WMU). Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) has used materials from the UM core courses in its offerings. Other institutions that have used the course web-streaming video and course materials are University of Lille, Darmstadt University, and Middle East Technical University. © American Society for engineering Education, 2006.

关键词： Curricula

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Characterization of the mitogenome ofCynoglossus Senegalensis(Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae)

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Mitochondrial DNA Part B 2018年第2期3卷 1191-1192页

作者： Fantong Zealous Gietbong Nack-Keun Kim Sapto Andriyono Hyun-Woo Kim Department of Marine Biology Pukyong National University Busan Republic of KoreaKOICA-PKNU International Graduate Program of Fisheries Science Graduate School of Global Fisheries Pukyong National University Busan Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan Republic of KoreaDepartment of Marine Fisheries and Marine Faculty Universitas Airlangga C Campus Jl. Mulyorejo Surabaya East Java Indonesia Department of Marine Biology Pukyong National University Busan Republic of KoreaInterdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan Republic of KoreaKOICA-PKNU International Graduate Program of Fisheries Science Graduate School of Global Fisheries Pukyong National University Busan Republic of Korea

The complete mitogenome of theSenegalese tonguesole,Cynoglossus senegalensiswas determined by Illumina MiSeq platform. The complete mitochondrial genome ofC. senegalensiswas 16,519 bp in length. The mitochondrial genome ofC. senegalensisshowed a cynoglosidae-characteristic gene organization, in which translocation of control region to the position between ND1 and tRNA-Gln gene, and also inversions in tRNA-Gln gene from L-strand position to H-strand position. Phylogenetic analysis showed thatC. senegalensisis most closely related toC. ***, which supports the previous result that genus Cynoglossidae is evolutionary paraphyletic.

关键词： Mitochondrial genome Cynoglossus senegalensis sole Cameroon Africa

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Carbon fiber based custom orthoses for augmenting net ankle moment in gait

Carbon fiber based custom orthoses for augmenting net ankle ...

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SAMPE 2013 Conference and Exhibition: Education and Green Sky - Materials Technology for a Better World

作者： Khattra, Narinder S. Tierney, John J. Yarlagadda, Shridhar Shevchenko, Nicholas Gillespie Jr., John W. Schrank, Elisa S. Stanhope, Steven J. Center for Composite Materials University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Biomechanics and Movement Science Interdisciplinary Program University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781934551158

Passive-dynamic ankle-foot orthoses (PD-AFOs) are a common form of assistive braces prescribed to improve gait of patients having impaired ankle joint function. The PD-AFO structural bending response is used to compensate for a patient's reduced ankle moment. This work focuses on the design and analysis of a carbon fiber based composite PD-AFO that provides a thin, lighter weight alternative to the more commonly used plastic based PD-AFOs. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate feasibility of designing composite PD-AFOs having desired bending stiffness. A custom, 3D surface model of the brace is used to create the overall geometry. The composite lay-up and associated stiffness of the composite PD-AFO is determined numerically, as a function of ankle angle for the foot-flat phase of the gait cycle. It is shown that the brace can be designed to augment the lost natural ankle stiffness of a patient to match that of a healthy person. The results indicate that the geometry of a PD-AFO, composite lay-up and the material properties are key factors in achieving the desired stiffness characteristics. Copyright 2013 by Aurora Flight sciences.

关键词： Carbon fibers

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Recent Advancements in engineering Strategies for Manipulating Neural Stem Cell Behavior

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Current tissue microenvironment reports 2020年第2期1卷 41-47页

作者： Brian J O'Grady Ethan S Lippmann Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA. Vanderbilt Brain Institute Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA. Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Stem cells are exquisitely sensitive to biophysical and biochemical cues within the native microenvironment. This review focuses on emerging strategies to manipulate neural cell behavior using these influences in three-dimensional (3D) culture systems. RECENT FINDINGS:Traditional systems for neural cell differentiation typically produce heterogeneous populations with limited diversity rather than the complex, organized tissue structures observed . Advancements in developing engineering tools to direct neural cell fates can enable new applications in basic research, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. SUMMARY:This review article highlights engineering strategies that facilitate controlled presentation of biophysical and biochemical cues to guide differentiation and impart desired phenotypes on neural cell populations. Specific highlighted examples include engineered biomaterials and microfluidic platforms for spatiotemporal control over the presentation of morphogen gradients.

关键词： biomaterial morphogen gradient neural stem cell stem cell differentiation

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Cartilaginous tissue formation with an elastic PLCL scaffold and human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells

Cartilaginous tissue formation with an elastic PLCL scaffold...

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作者： Lee, So Eun Jung, Youngmee Kim, Soo Hyun Kim, Sang-Heon Rhie, Jong Won Kim, Young Ha Min, Byoung Goo Biomaterials Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology P.O. Box 131 Cheonryang Seoul 130-650 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program Medical and Biological Engineering Major Seoul National University 28 Yeongeon Jongro Seoul 110-744 Korea Republic of Department of Plastic Surgery Catholic University 505 Banpo Seocho Seoul 137-701 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology 1 Oryong- Buk Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering Seoul National University 28 Yeongeon Jongro Seoul 110-744 Korea Republic of

In cartilage tissue engineering, as a cell source, adult stem cells are very attractive for clinical applications. Recent studies suggest that human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) have multilineage potential similar to bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs). ASCs are obtained from adipose tissue easily isolated by suction-assisted lipectomy in various body parts. Also, as one of major factors of cartilage tissue engineering, scaffolds have an important role in cartilage formation. Poly(L-lactide-co-Ε-carprolactone) scaffolds have physiological activity, biodegradability, high cell affinity, and mechano-activity. The object of this study is cartilaginous tissue formation using highly elastic PLCL scaffolds and ASCs in vitro and in vivo. Poly(L-lactide-co-Ε-carprolactone) copolymers were synthesized from lactide and Ε-carprolactone in the presence of stannous octoate as catalyst. The scaffolds with 85% porosity and 300-500μm pore size were fabricated by gel-pressing method. ASCs were seeded on scaffolds and cultured for 21days in vitro. Cell/polymer constructs were characterized by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for confirming differentiation to chondrocytes onto PLCL scaffolds. Also, for examining cartilaginous tissue formation in vivo, ASCs seeded scaffolds which were induced chondrogenesis for 2 weeks were implanted in nude mice subcutaneously for up to 8weeks. Histological studies showed that implants partially developed cartilaginous tissue within lacunae. And there was an accumulation of sulfated glycoaminoglycans. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that implants were positively stained for specific extracellular matrix. These results indicate that ASCs and PLCL scaffols could be used to cartilage tissue engineering.

关键词： Tissue engineering

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Mechano-active cartilage tissue engineering: The effect of dynamic compressive stimulation

Mechano-active cartilage tissue engineering: The effect of d...

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作者： Jung, Youngmee Kim, Soo Hyun Kim, Sang-Heon Kim, Young Ha Xie, Jun Matsuda, Takehisa Min, Byoung Goo Biomaterials Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology P.O.Box 131 Cheongryang Seoul 130-650 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program Medical and Biological Engineering Major Seoul National University 28 Yeongeon Chongro Seoul 110-790 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology 1 Oryang Buk Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of Department of Orthopaedic Surgery School of Medicine Fukuoka University 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan Genome and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory Kanazawa Institute of Technology 7-1 Ohgigaoka Nonoichi Ishikawa 921 - 8501 Japan Department of Biomedical Engineering Seoul National University 28 Yeongeon Chongro Seoul 110-790 Korea Republic of

Mechano-active scaffolds were fabricated from very elastic poly(lactide-co-carprolactone) by a gel-pressing method. The scaffolds were seeded with bone marrow stromal cells and the continuous compressive deformation was applied to cell-polymer constructs in the chondrogenic media. Then, they were implanted in nude mice subcutaneously to evaluate for the effect of dynamic compression for regeneration of cartilage. From the biochemical analyses, chondrogenic differentiation was sustained and enhanced significantly and chondral extracellular matrix was increased through mechanical stimulation. Histological analyses showed that implants stimulated mechanically formed mature and well-developed cartilaginous tissue, as evidenced by bone marrow derived chondrocytes within lacunae. Consequently, the periodic application of dynamic compression can encourage bone marrow stromal cells to differentiation to chondrogenic lineage and to maintain their phenotypes.

关键词： Cartilage

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Seeing in Body Using Wearable Electronics

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Linh, Vo Thi Nhat Han, Seunghun Koh, Eunhye Kim, Sumin Jung, Ho Sang Koo, Jahyun Changwon51508 Korea Republic of School of Biomedical Engineering College of Health Science Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of School of Biomedical Engineering Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Daejeon34113 Korea Republic of Pohang37673 Korea Republic of

Devices used for diagnosing disease are often large, expensive, and require operation by trained professionals, which can result in delayed diagnosis and missed opportunities for timely treatment. However, wearable devices are being recognized as a new approach to overcoming these difficulties, as they are small, affordable, and easy to use. Recent advancements in wearable technology have made monitoring information possible from the surface of organs like the skin and eyes, enabling accurate diagnosis of the user’s internal status. In this review, we categorize the body’s organs into external (e.g., eyes, oral cavity, neck, and skin) and internal (e.g., heart, brain, lung, stomach, and bladder) organ systems and introduce recent developments in the materials and designs of wearable electronics, including electrochemical and electrophysiological sensors applied to each organ system. Further, we discuss recent innovations in wearable electronics for noninvasive monitoring of deep internal organs, such as the heart, brain, and nervous system, using ultrasound, electrical impedance tomography, and temporal interference stimulation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wearable technology

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Theoretical identification of thermostabilizing amino acid mutations for G-protein-coupled receptors

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Biophysical Reviews 2020年第2期12卷 323-332页

作者： Murata, Takeshi Yasuda, Satoshi Hayashi, Tomohiko Kinoshita, Masahiro Graduate School of Science Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan Molecular Chirality Research Center Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage Chiba 263-8522 Japan Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan Present address: Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering Assistive Technology and Art and Sports Sciences Faculty of Engineering Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi 2-no-cho Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan

Thermostabilization of a membrane proteins, especially G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), is often necessary for biochemical applications and pharmaceutical studies involving structure-based drug design. Here we review our theoretical, physics-based method for identifying thermostabilizing amino acid mutations. Its novel aspects are the following: The entropic effect originating from the translational displacement of hydrocarbon groups within the lipid bilayer is treated as a pivotal factor;a reliable measure of thermostability is introduced and a mutation which enlarges the measure to a significant extent is chosen;and all the possible mutations can be examined with moderate computational effort. It was shown that mutating the residue at a position of N_BW = 3.39 (N_BW is the Ballesteros-Weinstein number) to Arg or Lys leads to the stabilization of significantly many different GPCRs of class A in the inactive state. Up to now, we have been successful in stabilizing several GPCRs and newly solving three-dimensional structures for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 2 (M2R), prostaglandin E receptor 4 (EP4), and serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT_2AR) using X-ray crystallography. The subjects to be pursued in future studies are also discussed. © 2020, International Union for Pure and Applied Biophysics (IUPAB) and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： G-protein-coupled receptor Integral equation theory Lipid bilayer Membrane protein Morphometric approach Protein folding Solvation thermodynamics Thermostabilizing mutation

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A Mechanized Pediatric Elbow Joint Powered by a De-Based Artificial Skeletal Muscle*

A Mechanized Pediatric Elbow Joint Powered by a De-Based Art...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： A. Behboodi C. DeSantis J. Lubsen S.C.K. Lee Venture Development Center University of Delaware Newark DE USA Mechanical Engineering Department University of Delaware Newark DE USA Departments of Physical Therapy Biomedical Engineering and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science University of Delaware Newark DE USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728119908

ISBN: (纸本)9781728119915

To increase the acceptability of exoskeletons, there is growing attention toward finding an alternative soft actuator that can safely perform at close vicinity of the human body. In this study, we investigated the capability of the dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs), for muscle-like actuation of rehabilitation robots. First, an artificial skeletal muscle was configured using commercially available stacked DEAs arranged in a 3×4 array of three parallel fibers consisting of four DEAs connected in series. The shortening and force generation capabilities of this artificial muscle were then measured. An alternate 3×5 version of this muscle was mounted on the forearm of an upper extremity phantom model to actuate its elbow joint. The actuation capability of this muscle was then tested under various tensile loads, 1 N to 4 N, placed at the center of mass of the forearm+hand of the phantom model. The active range of motion and angular velocity of the phantom model's tip of the hand were measured using a motion capture system. The 3×4 artificial muscle produced 30.47 N of force and 5.3 mm of maximum shortening. The 3×5 artificial muscle was capable of actuating the elbow flexion 19.5 o with 16.2 o /s angular velocity in the sagittal plane, under a 1 N tensile load. The active range of motion was substantially reduced as the tensile loads increased, which limits the capability of these muscles in the current upper extremity exoskeleton design.

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Thermodynamics of the Solid-Liquid Phase Equilibrium of a Binary System: Effect of a Chemical Reaction in the Liquid and Epitaxial Strain in the Solid

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Deymier, Alix C. Deymier, Pierre Alix Muralidharan, Krishna Latypov, Marat I. Department of Biomedical Engineering UConn Health FarmingtonCT06030 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Applied Mathematics University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States

We introduce two thermodynamics models of solid-liquid phase equilibrium of a binary system in the presence of (a) a chemical reaction in the liquid involving only one of the binary components and, (b) strain-inducing epitaxial conditions on the solid in addition to the chemical reaction in the liquid. These models show the existence of the counter intuitive behavior that epitaxy may promote recrystallization of the solid in spite of the reaction driving dissolution. The conditions for this recrystallization behavior are determined by the value of the epitaxial lattice matching composition, the temperature and the overall composition of the binary solid-liquid system. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chemical reactions

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