Before 2009, the feasibility of applying brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) to control prosthetic devices had been limited to upper limb prosthetics such as the DARPA modular prosthetic limb. Until recently, it was belie...
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(纸本)9781424441211
Before 2009, the feasibility of applying brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) to control prosthetic devices had been limited to upper limb prosthetics such as the DARPA modular prosthetic limb. Until recently, it was believed that the control of bipedal locomotion involved central pattern generators with little supraspinal control. Analysis of cortical dynamics with electroencephalography (EEG) was also prevented by the lack of analysis tools to deal with excessive signal artifacts associated with walking. Recently, Nicolelis and colleagues paved the way for the decoding of locomotion showing that chronic recordings from ensembles of cortical neurons in primary motor (M1) and primary somatosensory (S1) cortices can be used to decode bipedal kinematics in rhesus monkeys. However, neural decoding of bipedal locomotion in humans has not yet been demonstrated. This study uses noninvasive EEG signals to decode human walking in six nondisabled adults. Participants were asked to walk on a treadmill at their self-selected comfortable speed while receiving visual feedback of their lower limbs, to repeatedly avoid stepping on a strip drawn on the treadmill belt. Angular kinematics of the left and right hip, knee and ankle joints and EEG were recorded concurrently. Our results support the possibility of decoding human bipedal locomotion with EEG. The average of the correlation values (r) between predicted and recorded kinematics for the six subjects was 0.7 (±0.12) for the right leg and 0.66 (±0.11) for the left leg. The average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values for the predicted parameters were 3.36 (±1.89) dB for the right leg and 2.79 (±1.33) dB for the left leg. These results show the feasibility of developing non-invasive neural interfaces for volitional control of devices aimed at restoring human gait function.
O1 Regulation of genes by telomere length over long distances Jerry W. Shay O2 The microtubule destabilizer KIF2A regulates the postnatal establishment of neuronal circuits in addition to prenatal cell survival, cell ...
O1 Regulation of genes by telomere length over long distances Jerry W. Shay O2 The microtubule destabilizer KIF2A regulates the postnatal establishment of neuronal circuits in addition to prenatal cell survival, cell migration, and axon elongation, and its loss leading to malformation of cortical development and severe epilepsy Noriko Homma, Ruyun Zhou, Muhammad Imran Naseer, Adeel G. Chaudhary, Mohammed Al-Qahtani, Nobutaka Hirokawa O3 Integration of metagenomics and metabolomics in gut microbiome research Maryam Goudarzi, Albert J. Fornace Jr. O4 A unique integrated system to discern pathogenesis of central nervous system tumors Saleh Baeesa, Deema Hussain, Mohammed Bangash, Fahad Alghamdi, Hans-Juergen Schulten, Angel Carracedo, Ishaq Khan, Hanadi Qashqari, Nawal Madkhali, Mohamad Saka, Kulvinder S. Saini, Awatif Jamal, Jaudah Al-Maghrabi, Adel Abuzenadah, Adeel Chaudhary, Mohammed Al Qahtani, Ghazi Damanhouri O5 RPL27A is a target of miR-595 and deficiency contributes to ribosomal dysgenesis Heba Alkhatabi O6 Next generation DNA sequencing panels for haemostatic and platelet disorders and for Fanconi anaemia in routine diagnostic service Anne Goodeve, Laura Crookes, Nikolas Niksic, Nicholas Beauchamp O7 Targeted sequencing panels and their utilization in personalized medicine Adel M. Abuzenadah O8 International biobanking in the era of precision medicine Jim Vaught O9 Biobank and biodata for clinical and forensic applications Bruce Budowle, Mourad Assidi, Abdelbaset Buhmeida O10 Tissue microarray technique: a powerful adjunct tool for molecular profiling of solid tumors Jaudah Al-Maghrabi O11 The CEGMR biobanking unit: achievements, challenges and future plans Abdelbaset Buhmeida, Mourad Assidi, Leena Merdad O12 Phylomedicine of tumors Sudhir Kumar, Sayaka Miura, Karen Gomez O13 Clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics for colorectal cancer treatment Angel Carracedo, Mahmood Rasool O14 From association to causality: translation of GWAS findings for genomic me
Metabolism is vital to every aspect of cell function, yet the metabolome of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) remains largely unexplored. Here we report, using an untargeted metabolomics approach, that human iPSC...
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Metabolism is vital to every aspect of cell function, yet the metabolome of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) remains largely unexplored. Here we report, using an untargeted metabolomics approach, that human iPSCs share a pluripotent metabolomic signature with embryonic stem cells (ESCs) that is distinct from their parental cells, and that is characterized by changes in metabolites involved in cellular respiration. Examination of cellular bioenergetics corroborated with our metabolomic analysis, and demonstrated that somatic cells convert from an oxidative state to a glycolytic state in pluripotency. Interestingly, the bioenergetics of various somatic cells correlated with their reprogramming efficiencies. We further identified metabolites that differ between iPSCs and ESCs, which revealed novel metabolic pathways that play a critical role in regulating somatic cell reprogramming. Our findings are the first to globally analyze the metabolome of iPSCs, and provide mechanistic insight into a new layer of regulation involved in inducing pluripotency, and in evaluating iPSC and ESC equivalence.
Aktive Teilnahme: Der Wirkstofftransport zu Tumoren durch aktives Targeting mit Herceptin-konjugierten Doxorubicin-beladenen Poly(ethylenglycol)-Poly(lactid-co-glycolid)-Au-Halbschalennanopartikeln (HER-DOX-PLGA-Au H-...
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Aktive Teilnahme: Der Wirkstofftransport zu Tumoren durch aktives Targeting mit Herceptin-konjugierten Doxorubicin-beladenen Poly(ethylenglycol)-Poly(lactid-co-glycolid)-Au-Halbschalennanopartikeln (HER-DOX-PLGA-Au H-S NPs) ist effektiver als passives Targeting mit den HER-freien Partikeln (DOX-PLGA-Au H-S NPs). Demzufolge wurden mit dem hypothermischen HER-System bei NIR-Bestrahlung von Tumorm?usen h?here intratumorale Temperaturen erreicht (siehe Bild).
<正>Despite the many advances in personal genome analysis,the immunoglobulin repertoire is an area of the genome which is central to human health yet in practice is extraordinarily challenging to measure and *** are...
<正>Despite the many advances in personal genome analysis,the immunoglobulin repertoire is an area of the genome which is central to human health yet in practice is extraordinarily challenging to measure and *** are several reasons for this, including the fact that each B cell contains a distinct antibody sequence encoded in its genome,the fact that the antibody repertoire is not constant but changes over time, and the high similarity between antibody *** have addressed this
Purpose: A preliminary study on the magnetic resonance (MRI) characteristics of (vegetable) tissue NTIRE is an emerging minimally invasive surgery technique for tissue ablation in which, microsecond, high electrical f...
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We have explored the possibility of using diffuse optical tomography as a potential non-invasive clinical tool to monitor hemodynamic changes induced by neurophysiological and cognitive activities in response to consc...
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we report the three-dimensional tomographic localization of the functional activation in the human brain. To this end we developed a new depth compensation algorithm (DCA), and its validity is illustrated by simulatio...
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Cancellous bones have a porous microstructure and can be modeled as linear elastic solid, heterogeneous and anisotropic. Few studies regarding the morphometric analysis of trabecular bone samples with 3D microtomograp...
Cancellous bones have a porous microstructure and can be modeled as linear elastic solid, heterogeneous and anisotropic. Few studies regarding the morphometric analysis of trabecular bone samples with 3D microtomography have been published so far. The technique has spread worldwide for the characterization of trabecular structures in studies related to bone quality and its relationship with metabolic diseases bone like osteoporosis. In our study cancellous bone samples with cubic and cylindrical geometry were extracted from bovine femur were used to investigate the structural arrangement of bone through high resolution x-ray 3D microtomography (μCT). Four trabecular microstructural parameters (tissue volume, bone volume, bone volume fraction and tissue surface) were measured by 2D (stereological method) and 3D morphometric analysis using the software CTan Analyser supplied by the manufacturer of the microtomograph (SkyScan, model 1172, Belgium). The measurements were done in three main directions (superior-inferior, medial-lateral and anterior-posterior) to investigate the correlation between the 2D and 3D morphometric analysis. The results show a high correlation between the analysis. The x-ray 3D microtomography technique has a great potential for the assessment of bone quality.
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