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2009 Spring Simulation Multiconference, SpringSim 2009

作者： Lam, Tai Ning Ropella, Glen E. P. Hunt, C. Anthony Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacogenomics University of California San Francisco United States Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences BioSystems Group University of California 513 Parnassus Ave. San FranciscoCA United States Tempus Dictum Inc. United States

To facilitate integration and reconciliation between similar experiments, we need relativistic analogues that can be independent of experimental protocols;yet reasonably represent biological components and interactions among them, along with hypothesized mechanistic details. We designed, constructed and validated an analogue of a recirculating, isolated perfused liver used in a study of drug interactions between digoxin, rifampicin and quinidine. We believe these analogues can evolve into executable biological knowledge embodiments that provide concrete instances of knowledge and means to falsify mechanistic hypotheses.

关键词： Drug interactions

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Registration of finger vein image using skin surface information for authentication

Registration of finger vein image using skin surface informa...

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Image Processing: Machine Vision Applications II

作者： Noh, SeungWoo Kong, Hyoun-Joong Park, SangYun Kim, JiMan Lee, Seung-Rae Kim, Taejeong Kim, Hee Chan Interdisciplinary Program Bioengineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program Biomedical Engineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering Medical Research Center Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9780819475015

The finger vein image acquired with an acquisition system should be properly aligned to proceed with comparing algorithm. However it is not easy to find control the points since the images are naturally blurred with an inherent scattering property. To overcome this problem, we propose a novel finger vein registration method utilizing skin surface information (i.e. wrinkles and outlines). We assumed that finger crooking was insignificant. Images were sampled with intended translation and rotation. Each time, two images were acquired successively by switching the light source;one with infrared light and the other with white light. Degree of rotation and translation of sampled image were calculated using outline features in the white light image and then the infrared image was transformed according to the calculated data. To validate our method, correlation values were computed between identical subjects and different subjects. High correlation values were shown between identical subjects whereas low values were shown between different subjects. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Authentication

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A comparison of text reading speed using square and rectangular arrays for visual prosthesis

A comparison of text reading speed using square and rectangu...

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IEEE EMBS International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine (ITAB)

作者： Min Hye Chang Hyun Seok Kim Jae Hyuk Shin Kwang Suk Park Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering Graduate School Seoul National University South Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University South Korea

With the increase of the number of the blind, demand for visual prosthesis is increasing. Text reading is one of the most important visual functions to the blind. Therefore human trials and simulations of prosthetic vision have already been carried out for testing an improved system or studying rehabilitation of people who implant prosthesis. But although forms of electrode arrays used in those studies were various, differences between performances of them were not considered for the text reading. Therefore we tested reading performances among three different array shapes (square (32×32), vertical(42×22) and horizontal(22×42) shape array) by blind simulation experiment with head mount display device. As a result, horizontal array showed the best performance when window length for horizontal array was 3. However, when the window width for horizontal array increased to 3.5, performances between horizontal array and square array were similar. In the experiment of lower resolution (8×8) and window width, square array showed the best performance than other arrays.

关键词： Visual prosthesis Testing Pixel Shape Image resolution Image processing Biomedical engineering Prosthetics Implants Optical refraction

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Study of single-cell electroendocytosis using bio-mems technology

Study of single-cell electroendocytosis using bio-mems techn...

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TRANSDUCERS 2009 - 15th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems

作者： Lin, Ran Chang, Donald C. Lee, Yi-Kuen Bioengineering Graduate Program Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong Dept. of Biology Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441938

In this work, a micro electroendocytosis (EED) device was fabricated by MEMS technology to investigate the EED of mammalian cells. The corresponding endocytotic vesicles at the single-cell level were visualized using digital fluorescence video microscopy. The EED process under different electrical and biological parameters was studied in detail. The critical EED electric field strength for the HeLa cells using FM4-64 dye was determined to be 341.924.2V/cm. Beyond the critical electric field, the EED efficiency increased dramatically without significantly reducing cell viability. In addition, the EED efficiency as a function of multiple electric parameters were readily obtained based on large-scale micro EED experiments. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Efficiency

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Feasibility of a closed-loop controlled noninvasive ultrasonic glucose sensing and insulin delivery system

Feasibility of a closed-loop controlled noninvasive ultrason...

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： Eun-Joo Park Jacob Werner Devina Jaiswal Andrew G. Webb Nadine Barrie Smith Department of Bioengineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Animal Resource Program Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Graduate Program in Acoustics Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA

Use of needles for multiple injections of drugs, such as insulin for diabetes, can be painful. As a result, prescribed drug noncompliance can results in severe medical complications. In previous studies, ultrasound mediated transdermal drug delivery has shown a promising potential as a method for noninvasive drug administration. Yet for prospective human application, a milestone to a practical clinical device of this research requires that the efficacy of the cymbal array be demonstrated on animals larger than rats and rabbits. Larger and possessing a blood volume similar to humans, pig is an appropriate animal model for further experimentation in evaluating the practicability of this ultrasound device. Six Yorkshire pigs (100 - 140 lbs) were divided into two groups. As the control (n = 3), the first group did not receive any ultrasound exposure with the insulin. The second group (n = 3) was treated with ultrasound and insulin at 20 kHz with an I sptp = 100 mW/cm 2 at a 20% duty cycle for 60 minutes. With the pigs in lateral recumbency after anesthesia, the ultrasound transducer with insulin was placed on the axillary area of the pig. At the beginning and every 15 minutes up to 90 minutes, the blood glucose level was determined using a glucose monitoring system. To compare the results of individual animals, the change of blood glucose level was normalized to each animal's initial glucose value at the start of the experiment. Although each animal had a different initial glucose level, the mean and standard error for the six animals was 146 ? 13 mg/dl (Figure 1). For the control group, the blood glucose level increased to 31 ? 21 mg/dl compared to the initial baseline over the 90 minute experiment. However for the ultrasound with insulin treated group, the glucose level decreased to -72 ? 5 mg/dl at 60 minutes (p < 0.05) and continued to decreased to -91 ? 23 mg/dl in 90 minutes (p < 0.05). Results demonstrate a promising pre-clinical outcome for the low profile cym

关键词： Control systems Sugar Insulin Ultrasonic imaging Animals Blood Drugs Humans Diabetes Medical control systems

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Macromol. Rapid Commun. 13/2010

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Macromolecular Rapid Communications 2010年第13期31卷

作者： Mai Sanjoh Shigehiro Hiki Yan Lee Makoto Oba Kanjiro Miyata Takehiko Ishii Kazunori Kataoka Department of Bioengineering Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Japan Department of Materials Engineering Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7‐3‐1 Hongo Bunkyo‐ku Tokyo 113‐8656 Japan Core Research Program for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Tokyo Japan Department of Chemistry Seoul National University Sillim‐dong Gwanak‐gu Seoul 151‐742 Korea Department of Clinical Vascular Regeneration Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo 7‐3‐1 Hongo Bunkyo‐ku Tokyo 113‐8655 Japan Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo 7‐3‐1 Hongo Bunkyo‐ku Tokyo 113‐0033 Japan Center for NanoBio Integration The University of Tokyo 7‐3‐1 Hongo Bunkyo‐ku Tokyo 113‐8656 Japan

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Role of focal adhesion kinase Ser-732 phosphorylation in centrosome function during mitosis

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Journal of Biological Chemistry 2009年第14期284卷 9418-9425页

作者： Park, Ann Y.J. Chien, Tang-Long Chien, Shu Guan, Jun-Lin Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Genetics Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Graduate Program in Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 United States Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 United States

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is the major cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase in focal adhesions and a critical mediator of integrin signaling in a variety of cells, including endothelial cells (ECs). Here we describe a new function for FAK in the regulation of centrosome functions in a Ser-732 phosphorylation-dependent manner during mitosis. Deletion of FAK in primary ECs causes increases in centrosome numbers, multipolar and disorganized spindles, and unaligned chromosomes during mitosis. Re-expression of wild-type FAK, but not S732A mutant, rescued these mitotic defects, suggesting a role for Ser-732 phosphorylation in the regulation of centrosomal functions. Consistent with this possibility, Ser-732-phosphorylated FAK was found to co-localize in centrosomes in mitotic cells. FAK also associated with cytoplasmic dynein in a Ser-732 phosphorylation-dependent manner. Further analysis in FAK-null primary ECs showed that S732A mutant could rescue EC migration but not proliferation or tubulogenesis in vitro. Last, we showed that deletion of FAK in ECs reduced tumor angiogenesis in vivo, which could be restored by re-expression of wild-type FAK but not S732A mutant. Together, these studies demonstrated a novel role for Ser-732 phosphorylation of FAK in the regulation of centrosome function during mitosis, which may contribute to EC proliferation and angiogenesis. © 2009 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

关键词： Phosphorylation

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Systematic study of electroporation of mouse myoblast cells on microchips

Systematic study of electroporation of mouse myoblast cells ...

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13th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2009

作者： Yin, Guang-Yao Lin, Ran Zhang, Tong-Yi Chang, Donald C. Lee, Yi-Kuen Bioengineering Graduate Program Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong Dept of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong Dept of Biology Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong KAUST-HKUST Micro/Nanofluidic Joint Laboratory Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9780979806421

In this study, a systematic single-cell electroporation (EP) of mouse myoblast cells was investigated using micro EP chip technology. Large statistical data of the single-cell EP at different electrical conditions were used to determine the critical electric field for both EP and electric cell lysing of mouse myoblast cells. In addition, the EP phase diagram from more than 900 single-cell EP data was also constructed to optimize the EP efficiency with high cell viability. © 2009 CBMS.

关键词： Phase diagrams

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Design and evaluations of a phased ultrasound array for transesophageal cardiac ablation

Design and evaluations of a phased ultrasound array for tran...

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： Devina Jaiswal Jacob Werner Eun-Joo Park Nadine Barrie Smith David Francischelli Department of Bioengineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Animal Resource Program Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Graduate Program in Acoustics Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Medtronic Inc. Minneapolis MN USA

Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common arrhythmia, affecting over 2.2 million Americans. A prevailing modality for treating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation is catheter ablation using radiofrequency. However, measurable morbidity and significant costs and time are associated with this modality of treatment of permanent or persistent atrial fibrillation. In order to overcome these issues, a transesophageal ultrasound applicator for noninvasive cardiac ablation was designed, developed and evaluated. Various factors, simulation results of transducer arrays, current transesophageal medical devices, and throat anatomy, were considered while designing a phased ultrasound transducer that can be inserted into the esophagus. For this research, a two-dimensional random sparse phased array with an aperture size of 20.7 mm × 10.2 mm with flat tapered elements as a transesophageal ultrasound applicator was fabricated and evaluated in ex vivo experiments. The ultrasound applicator was designed to operate at a frequency of 1.6 MHz. The feasibility of the sparse phased array was tested by submerging the array and the fresh tissue into phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution and directing the ultrasound directly onto the tissue. Both the bovine liver and porcine heart developed lesion at the target site as a result of 8~15 minutes of array operation. The lesion had an average length of 7 ± 2 mm and a width of 5 ± 2 mm. Experimental results indicate that sufficient power was delivered by the array at the focal point to produce ablation while not grossly damaging the tissue surrounding the area of interest. These results demonstrate a potential application of the ultrasound applicator for noninvasive transesophageal cardiac surgery in atrial fibrillation treatment.

关键词： Phased arrays Ultrasonic imaging Atrial fibrillation Applicators Biomedical transducers Ultrasonic transducers Ultrasonic transducer arrays Lesions Catheters Radio frequency

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Natural bovine anorganic apatite and collagen presents osteoconductivity and contribute to bone repair of rat calvaria critical size defect

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Key Engineering Materials 2009年 396-398卷 249-252页

作者： Silva, I.I.C. Pimentel-Soares, S. Bittencourt, R.C. Granjeiro, J.M. Bioengineering Biomaterials and Biological Mineralization Laboratory Antonio Pedro Hospital Fluminense Federal University Niteroi RJ Brazil Pos Graduate Program in Pathology Antonio Pedro Hospital Niteroi RJ Brazil Cellular and Molecular Biology Department Fluminense Federal University Niteroi RJ Brazil

The aim of this study was verify the biological efficacy of the use of a xenograft for bone loss therapy. Blood clot, particulate autogenous bone or anorganic bovine xenograft filled critical size defects (CSD) in rat calvaria (8mm diameter). After 0, 7, 30 and 90 days the animals were killed and macroscopic, radiographic and histopathological analysis were conducted. Although no treatment promoted the total closure of bone defect, autogenous bone group had better bone repair after 90 days, followed by xenograft group that exhibited direct bone neoformation onto, and around, the particles confirming its osteoconductivity. In conclusion, the xenograft tested in vivo showed biocompatibility, biodegradability and osteoconductive properties in rat calvaria CSD.

关键词： Collagen

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