A location's Take-up Rate was significantly influenced by its Internet connectivity and availability. The purpose of this research is to answer concerns about internal Internet Service Provider issues that affect ...
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Blockchain as a decentralized storage technology is widely used in many *** has extremely strict requirements for reliability because there are many potentially malicious ***,blockchain is a chain storage structure fo...
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Blockchain as a decentralized storage technology is widely used in many *** has extremely strict requirements for reliability because there are many potentially malicious ***,blockchain is a chain storage structure formed by interconnecting blocks1),which are stored by full replication method,where each node stores a replica of all blocks and the data consistency is maintained by the consensus *** decrease the storage overhead,previous approaches such as BFT-Store and Partition Chain store blocks via erasure ***,existing erasure coding based methods utilize static encoding schema to tolerant f malicious nodes,but in the typical cases,the number of malicious nodes is much smaller than f as described in previous *** redundant parities to tolerate excessive malicious nodes introduces unnecessary storage *** solve the above problem,we propose Dynamic-EC,which is a Dynamic Erasure Coding method in permissioned blockchain *** key idea of Dynamic-EC is to reduce the storage overhead by dynamically adjusting the total number of parities according to the risk level of the whole system,which is determined by the number of perceived malicious nodes,while ensuring the system *** demonstrate the effectiveness of Dynamic-EC,we conduct several experiments on an open source blockchain software *** results show that,compared to the state-of-the-art erasure coding methods,Dynamic-EC reduces the storage overhead by up to 42%,and decreases the average write latency of blocks by up to 25%,respectively.
In complex agricultural environments,cucumber disease identification is confronted with challenges like symptom diversity,environmental interference,and poor detection *** paper presents the DM-YOLO model,which is an ...
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In complex agricultural environments,cucumber disease identification is confronted with challenges like symptom diversity,environmental interference,and poor detection *** paper presents the DM-YOLO model,which is an enhanced version of the YOLOv8 framework designed to enhance detection accuracy for cucumber *** detection models have a tough time identifying small-scale and overlapping symptoms,especially when critical features are obscured by lighting variations,occlusion,and background *** proposed DM-YOLO model combines three innovative modules to enhance detection performance in a collective ***,the MultiCat module employs a multi-scale feature processing strategy with adaptive pooling,which decomposes input features into large,medium,and small *** approach ensures that high-level features are extracted and fused effectively,effectively improving the detection of smaller and complex patterns that are often missed by traditional ***,the ADC2f module incorporates an attention mechanism and deep separable convolution,which allows the model to focus on the most relevant regions of the input features while reducing computational *** identification and localization of diseases like downy mildew and powdery mildew can be enhanced by this combination in conditions of lighting changes and ***,the C2fe module introduces a Global Context Block that uses attention mechanisms to emphasize essential regions while suppressing those that are not *** design enables the model to capture more contextual information,which improves detection performance in complex backgrounds and small-object scenarios.A custom cucumber disease dataset and the PlantDoc dataset were used for thorough *** results showed that DM-YOLO achieved a mean Average Precision(mAP50)improvement of 1.2%p on the custom dataset and 3.2%p on the PlantDoc dataset over the baseline *** results highlight
The validation and verification approaches for autonomous vehicles have commonly employed scenario-based testing in various environments. Simulation platforms play a key role in the execution and evaluation of test sc...
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Internet of Vehicles(IoV)is an intelligent vehicular technology that allows vehicles to communicate with each other via *** and the Internet of Things(IoT)enable cutting-edge technologies including such self-driving *...
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Internet of Vehicles(IoV)is an intelligent vehicular technology that allows vehicles to communicate with each other via *** and the Internet of Things(IoT)enable cutting-edge technologies including such self-driving *** the existing systems,there is a maximum communication delay while transmitting the *** proposed system uses hybrid Cooperative,Vehicular Communication Management Framework called CAMINO(CA).Further it uses,energy efficient fast message routing protocol with Common Vulnerability Scoring System(CVSS)methodology for improving the communication delay,*** improves security while transmitting the messages through *** this research,we present a unique intelligent vehicular infrastructure communication management *** framework includes additional stability for both short and long-range mobile *** also includes built-in cooperative intelligent transport system(C-ITS)capabilities for experimental verification in real-world *** addition,an energy efficient-fast message distribution routing protocol(EE-FMDRP)has been *** combines the benefits between both temporal and direction oriented routing *** has been suggested for distributing information from the origin ends to the predetermined objective in a quick,accurate,and effective manner in the event of an *** critical value scale score(CVSS)employ ratings to measure the assault probability in Markov *** of chained transitions allow us to statistically evaluate the integrity of a group of *** the proposed method helps to enhance the vehicular *** CAMINO with energy efficient fast protocol using CVSS(CA-EEFP-CVSS)method outperforms in terms of shortest transmission latency achieves 2.6 sec,highest throughput 11.6%,and lowest energy usage 17%and PDR 95.78%.
Underwater acoustic Internet of Things networks (UAIoTNs) can furnish excellent technical support and information services for applications involving marine observation and detection, marine disaster prevention and mi...
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Underwater acoustic Internet of Things networks (UAIoTNs) can furnish excellent technical support and information services for applications involving marine observation and detection, marine disaster prevention and mitigation, and maritime search and rescue, in which accurate positioning information is the fundamental requirement. The combination of high dynamics and complexity of the ocean environment to the high latency and narrowband of underwater acoustic communication are complex challenges in UAIoTNs. Due to these facts, this work investigates the received signal strength (RSS)-based three-dimensional (3-D) target localization in UAIoTNs taking into account the absorption effect, uncertain transmission power (UTP), and a time-varying path loss exponent (PLE). Through Taylor’s first-order expansion and certain approximations, we envision the underwater stratified acoustic propagation localization challenge as an alternating nonnegative constrained least squares (ANCLS) framework. To address the challenges posed by unknown multiparameters, a robust coarse-to-fine localization algorithm (RCFLA) is proposed. At first, the coarse localization phase utilizes the active set method (ASM), while the subsequent fine localization one employs the improved Broyden-Fletcher–Goldfarb-Sanno (BFGS) trust region method to enhance convergence toward the global optimal solution. The iterative process refines the underwater target location, UTP, and PLE, using the ASM-derived rough solution as the initial estimate. Analysis of computational complexity and derivation of the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) with stratified propagation and absorption effect demonstrates the superiority of RCFLA. Furthermore, Lyapunov’s second stability theorem is used to prove the stability of the RCFLA and presents a complete proof of global convergence. Numerical simulation and experimental results validate the algorithm’s optimal localization accuracy across various scenarios, showing reduced overhea
The grading of fruits relies on inspections, experiences, and observations, with a proposed system integrating machine learning techniques to assess fruit freshness. By analyzing 2D fruit portrayals based on shape and...
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Speech enhancement is the task of taking a noisy speech input and pro-ducing an enhanced speech *** recent years,the need for speech enhance-ment has been increased due to challenges that occurred in various applicati...
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Speech enhancement is the task of taking a noisy speech input and pro-ducing an enhanced speech *** recent years,the need for speech enhance-ment has been increased due to challenges that occurred in various applications such as hearing aids,Automatic Speech Recognition(ASR),and mobile speech communication *** of the Speech Enhancement research work has been carried out for English,Chinese,and other European *** a few research works involve speech enhancement in Indian regional *** this paper,we propose a two-fold architecture to perform speech enhancement for Tamil speech signal based on convolutional recurrent neural network(CRN)that addresses the speech enhancement in a real-time single channel or track of sound created by the *** thefirst stage mask based long short-term mem-ory(LSTM)is used for noise suppression along with loss function and in the sec-ond stage,Convolutional Encoder-Decoder(CED)is used for speech *** proposed model is evaluated on various speaker and noisy environments like Babble noise,car noise,and white Gaussian *** proposed CRN model improves speech quality by 0.1 points when compared with the LSTM base model and also CRN requires fewer parameters for *** performance of the pro-posed model is outstanding even in low Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR).
The achievement of the net-zero emission goal is considered contingent upon the implementation of transportation electrification. Presently, all-electric commercial vehicles are restricted to land and water transport....
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Breast cancer poses a threat to women’s health and contributes to an increase in mortality rates. Mammography has proven to be an effective tool for the early detection of breast cancer. However, it faces many challe...
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Breast cancer poses a threat to women’s health and contributes to an increase in mortality rates. Mammography has proven to be an effective tool for the early detection of breast cancer. However, it faces many challenges in early breast cancer detection due to poor image quality, traditional segmentation, and feature extraction. Therefore, this work addresses these issues and proposes an attention-based backpropagation convolutional neural network (ABB-CNN) to detect breast cancer from mammogram images more accurately. The proposed work includes image enhancement, reinforcement learning-based semantic segmentation (RLSS), and multiview feature extraction and classification. The image enhancement is performed by removing noise and artefacts through a hybrid filter (HF), image scaling through a pixel-based bilinear interpolation (PBI), and contrast enhancement through an election-based optimization (EO) algorithm. In addition, the RLSS introduces intelligent segmentation by utilizing a deep Q network (DQN) to segment the region of interest (ROI) strategically. Moreover, the proposed ABB-CNN facilitates multiview feature extraction from the segmented region to classify the mammograms into normal, malignant, and benign classes. The proposed framework is evaluated on the collected and the digital database for screening mammography (DDSM) datasets. The proposed framework provides better outcomes in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, f-measure, false-negative rate (FNR) and area under the curve (AUC). This work achieved (99.20%, 99.35%), (99.56%, 99.66%), (98.96%, 98.99%), (99.05%, 99.12%), (0.44%, 0.34%), (99.31%, 99.39%) and (99.27%, 99.32%) of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, FNR, f-measure and AUC on (collected, DDSM datasets), respectively. This research addresses the prevalent challenges in breast cancer identification and offers a robust and highly accurate solution by integrating advanced deep-learning techniques. The evaluated re
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