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International Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine and Biology

作者： Chuanwu Xi M. Balberg J. Selby S. Boppart L. Raskin Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana-Champaign IL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Bioengineering Program Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana-Champaign IL USA

We present the use of molecular beacons as sensitive indicators in microfluidic bioMEM devices. A method has been developed to study mixing and hybridization of molecular beacons to target nucleic acids in real time in a microfluidic channel. This method allows quantification of DNA and RNA molecules in solution, i.e., without the prerequisite of an immobilization step necessary in most other hybridization formats. The detection limit for DNA was determined to be in the order of femtomoles. Our results suggest the feasibility of using molecular beacon hybridization in microfluidic devices for the detection of pathogenic bacteria in environmental and medical fluids.

关键词： Microfluidics DNA RNA Microorganisms Kinetic theory Probes Sequences Ultrafast optics Fabrication USA Councils

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Detection of focal epileptiform activity in the EEG: an SVD and dipole model approach

Detection of focal epileptiform activity in the EEG: an SVD ...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： B. Vanrumste R.D. Jones P.J. Bones Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand Department of Medical Physics & Bioengineering Christchurch Hospital Christchurch New Zealand Department of Medicine Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Science Christchurch New Zealand

An algorithm has been developed for detection of epileptiform activity in the EEG. The EEG is divided into overlapping epochs, which undergo two steps. The first is singular value decomposition (SVD) which identifies the number of uncorrelated active sources in an epoch. In the second step, EEG dipole source analysis, using a single dipole model, is applied to the EEG. This yields dipole parameters and a relative residual energy (RRE). The detection algorithm triggers an EEG epoch when SVD indicates a dominant source and the RRE is low. The algorithm is applied to simulated EEG generated by two sources which are synchronously and asynchronously active. For the synchronous case the critical measure is the RRE whereas for the asynchronous case both the SVD and RRE are critical. The algorithm has also been applied to real EEG containing two spikes and an eye-blink artifact. The SVD indicated a dominant active source and the RRE was low for all three events. These preliminary results demonstrate the potential of the method for detection of spikes and seizures with a focal origin.

关键词： Epilepsy Electroencephalography Brain modeling Singular value decomposition Detection algorithms Bones Physics Biomedical engineering Hospitals Synchronous generators

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Potential benefits of implementing load control

Potential benefits of implementing load control

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IEEE Winter Meeting Power engineering Society

作者： M. Ilic J.W. Black J.L. Watz Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT Cambridge MA USA Engineering Systems Division in the Technology Management and Policy Program MIT Cambridge MA USA Engineering Systems Division in the Technology and Policy Program MIT Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780373227

The design of wholesale electricity markets through deregulation has focused almost exclusively on the development of competitive supply (generation). The demand side of the market has been virtually ignored. Mostly, this is due to the assumption that electricity demand is almost completely inelastic. As a result, deregulated wholesale markets universally fail to pass price signals down to the end-users. This paper challenges the assumption of inelastic demand by exploring the potential benefits of implementing a simple load control scheme. This load control scheme allows consumers to shift demand from high priced hours to low priced hours during the day. The benefits to the individual consumer are explored through an example applied to residential air conditioning using price and demand data from California. This example shows that "smart" use of air conditioning can lead to great savings for residential consumers, without sacrificing comfort. The potential for multiple consumers implementing load control to reduce wholesale prices is also examined.

关键词： Load flow control Aggregates Electricity supply industry Power generation Electricity supply industry deregulation Air conditioning Energy management Energy consumption Power engineering and energy Systems engineering and theory

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A SCS CMOS micromirror for optical coherence tomographic imaging

A SCS CMOS micromirror for optical coherence tomographic ima...

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IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems

作者： Huikai Xie Yingtian Pan G.K. Fedder Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Science and Technology Center Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Departments of Medicine and BioEngineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780371852

Reports a single-crystalline silicon (SCS) micromirror used for laser beam scanning in an endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) system. The micromirror is fabricated by using a deep reactive-ion-etch (DRIE) post-CMOS micromachining process. Thin bimorph actuation structures and movable bulk silicon structures are simultaneously achieved. The micromirror is 1 mm by 1 mm in size, coated with aluminum, and thermally actuated by an integrated polysilicon heater. The radius of curvature of the mirror surface is 50 cm. The mirror rotates 17/spl deg/ when a 15 mA current is applied. Cross-sectional images of 500 /spl times/ 1000 pixels covering an area of 2.9 mm by 2.8 mm are acquired at 5 frames/s by using an OCT system based on this micromirror.

关键词： Micromirrors Tomography Optical imaging Mirrors Optical interferometry Temperature Biomedical optical imaging Biomedical imaging Silicon Aluminum

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Instrumentation for imaging of breast lesions based on co-registered diffuse optical and X-ray tomography

Instrumentation for imaging of breast lesions based on co-re...

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Biomedical Topical Meeting, BIOMED 2002

作者： Brukilacchio, Thomas J. Zhang, Quan Stott, Jonathan Li, Ang Boas, David A. Wu, Tao Moore, Richard H. Kopans, Daniel B. Bioengineering Center Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Tufts University MedfordMA02155 United States NMR Center Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 13th Street Building 149 CharlestownMA0212 United States Physics Department Tufts University MedfordMA02155 United States Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 13th Street Building 149 CharlestownMA02129 United States

The design and characterization of a multi-modality system is presented for imaging of breast lesions based on co-registered diffuse optical and X-Ray tomography. Inherent limitations of X-Ray are overcome by combinat... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557527024

关键词： Imaging systems

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Neural estimation of scatterer density in ultrasound

Neural estimation of scatterer density in ultrasound

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： R. Smolikova M.P. Wachowiak G.D. Tourassi J.M. Zurada Institute for Research and Applications of Fuzzy Modeling University of Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic Computer Science and Engineering Program University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Department of Radiology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

Ultrasonic backscatter can provide information on the density of scatterers within biological media, and is therefore an important tool in tissue characterization. In this paper, a novel neural network approach to estimate scatterer density from generalized entropy is proposed. Neural estimation compares favorably with nonlinear least-squares models.

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging Rayleigh scattering Acoustic scattering Entropy Backscatter Signal to noise ratio Biomedical engineering Biomedical imaging Biological system modeling Ultrasonic transducers

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ENERGY-EFFICIENT BROADCASTING IN WIRELESS AD HOC NETWORKS LOWER BOUNDS AND ALGORITHMS

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Journal of Interconnection Networks 2002年第3N04期3卷 149-166页

作者： FANG BIAN ASHISH GOEL C. S. RAGHAVENDRA XIN LI Department of Computer Science University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089-0781 USA Bian and Raghavendra are supported in part by the DARPA contract F33615-00-C-1633 in the Power Aware Computing and Communications Program and by the DARPA/AFRL under agreement no. F30602-01-2-0549. Goel is supported in part by the NSF GAREER award 0133968. Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089-2652 USA

Energy-efficient communication is critical for increasing life of power limited wireless ad hoc networks. There has been considerable interest in minimum energy broadcast operations. In this paper, we develop bounds and an algorithm for minimizing energy cost for broadcasting from any source to all other nodes in the network. Most prior work have used simpler model for energy cost for wireless communications by accounting only the analog radiation cost for transmission and ignored the fixed cost for electronics in transmission and reception circuitry in nodes. Furthermore, in a network it is possible for some node pairs not be able to communicate directly even though they are in their radio ranges due to obstacles present in the terrain of the network.

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BOOK REVIEW: Bioimpedance and Bioelectricity Basics, by Sverre Grimnes and Orjan G. Martinsen

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Annals of Biomedical engineering 2002年第2期30卷 282-282页

作者： Vieira, Luis Carlos Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica e Informática Industrial Departamento de Eletrônica e Telecomunicações (Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering and Industrial Computer Science Department of Electronics and Telecommunications) Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica do Paraná (Federal Center of Technological Education of Paraná) Curitiba Brazil

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Generalized regression neural networks for biomedical image interpolation

Generalized regression neural networks for biomedical image ...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： M.P. Wachowiak A.S. Elmaghraby R. Smolikova J.M. Zurada Computer Science and Engineering Program University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science University of Louisville Louisville KY USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780370449

A neural-statistical approach to biomedical image interpolation using generalized regression neural networks is presented. These networks are basis function architectures that approximate any arbitrary function between input and output vectors directly from training samples, and with any desired degree of smoothness, and thus can be used for multidimensional interpolation. Experimental results compare favorably with other interpolation techniques. Because of their flexibility and ease of training, generalized regression networks can be used to complement existing approaches, and can be especially useful for post-registration image fusion and visualization.

关键词： Neural networks Biomedical imaging Interpolation Kernel Biomedical engineering Spline computer science Biomedical computing computer networks Visualization

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Achievement of essentially full spatial coherence in a high-average-power soft-x-ray laser

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Physical Review A 2001年第3期63卷 033802-033802页

作者： Y. Liu M. Seminario F. G. Tomasel C. Chang J. J. Rocca D. T. Attwood Applied Science and Technology Graduate Program University of California Berkeley California 94720 Center for X-ray Optics Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado 80523 Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley California 94720

We report an observation of essentially full spatial coherence in a high average power soft-x-ray laser. Rapid coherence buildup due to strong refractive antiguiding in a long plasma column is experimentally demonstrated. This allows the generation of fully coherent, milliwatt-level average power soft-x-ray radiation by a tabletop device. The peak brightness of this laser reaches 2×1025photonss−1mm−2mrad−2 within 0.01% spectral bandwidth, making it one of the brightest soft-x-ray sources available.

关键词： .full spatial high average coherence buildup plasma column degree of spatial

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