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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Lee, Saehyung Mok, Jisoo Park, Sangha Shin, Yongho Jung, Dahuin Yoon, Sungroh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of Qualcomm Korea YH Seoul Korea Republic of School of Computer Science and Engineering Soongsil University Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence Seoul National University Korea Republic of

In our study, we explore methods for detecting unwanted content lurking in visual datasets. We provide a theoretical analysis demonstrating that a model capable of successfully partitioning visual data can be obtained using only textual data. Based on the analysis, we propose Hassle-Free Textual Training (HFTT), a streamlined method capable of acquiring detectors for unwanted visual content, using only synthetic textual data in conjunction with pre-trained vision-language models. HFTT features an innovative objective function that significantly reduces the necessity for human involvement in data annotation. Furthermore, HFTT employs a clever textual data synthesis method, effectively emulating the integration of unknown visual data distribution into the training process at no extra cost. The unique characteristics of HFTT extend its utility beyond traditional out-of-distribution detection, making it applicable to tasks that address more abstract concepts. We complement our analyses with experiments in out-of-distribution detection and hateful image detection. Our codes are available at https://***/Saehyung-Lee/HFTT. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Multi-robot Map Exploration Based on Multiple Rapidly-Exploring Randomized Trees

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SN computer science 2024年第1期5卷 31页

作者： Mukhopadhyay, Shayok Umari, Hassan Koirala, Koshish Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Department University of New Haven 300 Boston Post Rd West Haven 06516 CT United States Department of Electrical Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 United Arab Emirates Mechatronics Engineering graduate program American University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 United Arab Emirates

A map is necessary for tasks such as path planning or localization, which are common to mobile robot navigation. However, a map may be unavailable if the environment in which a robot navigates is unknown. Creating a map requires an exploration algorithm. Such algorithms guide robots to boundaries that separate known portions of a map from the unknown portions. Such boundaries are known as frontiers. There are image processing-based algorithms that detect frontiers. The authors’ previous work uses two, i.e., local and global, rapidly exploring random trees (RRTs) for two-dimensional exploration using a single robot. The present work applies the above to a multiagent system with three robots. A market-based strategy is used to allocate exploration tasks to the robots. Results show that the developed exploration strategy successfully explores a map in a reasonable amount of time compared to image processing-based approaches, and also reduces the map exploration cost. This strategy is readily usable for three-dimensional exploration with drones. It is also shown that the usage of a local frontier detector along with a global frontier detector helps reduce exploration time compared to simply using a global frontier detector alone. As an outline to future work, the paper also shows an extension of the proposed approach towards three-dimensional mapping using a single robot. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Exploration Mapping Multi-agent Navigation ROS RRT

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Super-Resolution Displacement Spectroscopic Sensing over a Surface“Rainbow”

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engineering 2022年第10期17卷 75-81页

作者： Lyu Zhou Nan Zhang Chang Chieh Hsu Matthew Singer Xie Zeng Yizheng Li Haomin Song Josep Jornet Yun Wu Qiaoqiang Gan Department of Electrical Engineering The State University of New York at BuffaloBuffaloNY 14260USA Department of Biomedical Engineering The State University of New York at BuffaloBuffaloNY 14260USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Material Science Engineering Program King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Subwavelength manipulation of light waves with high precision can enable new and exciting applications in spectroscopy,sensing,and medical *** these applications,miniaturized spectrometers are desirable to enable the on-chip analysis of spectral *** particular,for imaging-based spectroscopic sensing mechanisms,the key challenge is to determine the spatial-shift information accurately(i.e.,the spatial displacement introduced by wavelength shift or biological or chemical surface binding),which is similar to the challenge presented by super-resolution ***,we report a unique"rainbow"trapping metasurface for on-chip spectrometers and *** with super-resolution image processing,the low-setting 4×optical microscope system resolves a displacement of the resonant position within 35 nm on the plasmonic rainbow trapping metasurface with a tiny area as small as0.002 *** unique feature of the spatial manipulation of efficiently coupled rainbow plasmonic resonances reveals a new platform for miniaturized on-chip spectroscopic analysis with a spectral resolution of 0.032 nm in wavelength *** this low-setting 4×microscope imaging system,we demonstrate a biosensing resolution of 1.92×109exosomes per milliliter for A549-derived exosomes and distinguish between patient samples and healthy controls using exosomal epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)expression values,thereby demonstrating a new on-chip sensing system for personalized accurate bio/chemical sensing applications.

关键词： Rainbow trapping Metasurface Surface plasmon polaritons Super-resolution displacement On-chip biosensing

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Unsupervised Segmentation of Pulmonary Regions in 3D CT Scans Optimized Using Transformer Model 27th

Unsupervised Segmentation of Pulmonary Regions in 3D CT Sc...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Sharafeldeen, Ahmed Khelifi, Adel Ghazal, Mohammed Yaghi, Maha Mahmoud, Ali Contractor, Sohail El-Baz, Ayman Department of Bioengineering University of Louisville LouisvilleKY United States Computer Science and Information Technology Department Abu Dhabi University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Department Abu Dhabi University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Radiology University of Louisville LouisvilleKY United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031783463

This paper presents a new automated unsupervised segmentation system to accurately delineate the pulmonary region in 3D computed tomography (CT) scans. It operates on a multi-dimensional joint probability model, which leverages a deep learning-based transformer model to optimize the log-likelihood of that probabilistic model. This probability model integrates appearance probability models, that represent various radiodensity distributions in both lung and chest areas within the 3D CT volume using linear combination of Gaussian (LCG), along with their spatial probability model, generated based on a 3D Markov Gibbs random field (MGRF), with potentials estimated analytically. Finally, the generated segmentation is further refined using a transformer model to maximize the log-likelihood of a given region. The proposed method’s efficacy is assessed by analyzing 3D chest scans of 28 patients diagnosed with varying severities of COVID-19. Four metrics are employed for evaluation, namely, Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), overlap coefficient, Hausdorff distance (HD), and absolute volume difference (AVD). The proposed system demonstrates outstanding performance, with scores of 95.60±1.37%, 91.61±2.51%, 6.56±2.68, and 6.23±3.52, respectively. These findings underscore the potential of the proposed system in delineating both normal and pathological lung regions in CT images, when compared to its individual components as well as six state-of-the-art (SOTA) segmentation methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Lung cancer

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A Comprehensive Technique Based on Machine Learning for Device and Circuit Modeling of Gate-All-Around Nanosheet Transistors

IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology

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IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology 2023年 4卷 181-194页

作者： Butola, Rajat Li, Yiming Kola, Sekhar Reddy National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Communications Engineering the Institute of Biomedical Engineering the Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering the Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation and the Institute of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

Machine learning (ML) is poised to play an important part in advancing the predicting capability in semiconductor device compact modeling domain. One major advantage of ML-based compact modeling is its ability to capture complex relationships and patterns in large datasets. Therefore, in this paper a novel design scheme based on dynamically adaptive neural network (DANN) is proposed to develop fast and accurate compact model (CM). This framework constitutes a powerful yet computationally efficient methodology and exhibits emergent dynamic behaviors. This paper demonstrates that the compact model based on ML can be designed to replicate the performance of conventional compact model for nanodevices. For this work, gate-all-around (GAA) nanosheet (NS) device characteristics are comprehensively analyzed for process variability sources using the proposed model. The device geometry parameters such as channel length, nanosheet width and nanosheet thickness are fed as input features to the DANN model. The adaptive neural network learns dynamically by updating weights of the model in accordance with the input features and achieves accurate neural weight convergence. The proposed model predicted the electrical characteristics of NS devices with less than 1% error rate. The model is also implemented and validated for the simulations of digital circuit designs such as inverter, and logic gates. ©;2023 The Authors.

关键词： Circuit simulation

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Novel NBA Fantasy League driven by Engineered Team Chemistry and Scaled Position Statistics

Novel NBA Fantasy League driven by Engineered Team Chemistry...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2023

作者： Arkanath, Ganesh Gupta, Nishad Kurban, Hasan Sharma, Parichit Madhavan, K.R. Buxton, Elham Khorasani Dalkilic, Mehmet M. Texas A&m University at Qatar Electrical and Computer Engineering Doha Qatar Indiana University Computer Science Department BloomingtonIN United States Indiana University Data Science Program BloomingtonIN United States University of Illinois Computer Science Department SpringfieldIL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324457

Fantasy Sports has a current market size of ${\$}$27B and is expected to grow more than ${\$}$84B in less than a decade. The intent is to create virtual teams that somehow reflect what would happen if the constituent players actually played in a team. Using individual player and team statistics, models can be trained to predict an outcome. But fans are left wanting more. To achieve a more realistic outcome, aspects of what makes live teams win need to be included: (1) transforming player statistics to reflect their relative importance with respect to a player position;(2) team chemistry (TC). In this work, we show a novel characterization of relative position statistics and a new description of TC. Drawn from the NBA's API, we form a data set to determine whether a fantasy team makes the playoffs using almost two dozen features, including TC. Various Machine Learning models are trained on this data and the best-performing model is offered to the users through a web service. Users can not only inspect fantasy teams and their TC but can also simulate their match-ups with existing 2023 NBA teams and utilize performance visualizations to help improve their team creation process. Our web service can be accessed at https://***/fantasyleague/, and the source code can be found at https://***/gany-15/nbafan. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： big data data-mining feature-engineering nba-fantasy-league python-flask

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A Performance Study of Selected Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting Heart Diseases 2nd

A Performance Study of Selected Machine Learning Techniques ...

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2nd International Conference on Security and Information Technologies with AI, Internet Computing and Big-data Applications, SITAIBA 2023

作者： Olorunfemi, Blessing Oluwatobi Ogunde, Adewale Opeoluwa Adeniyi, Abidemi Emmanuel Awotunde, Joseph Bamidele Imoize, Agbotiname Lucky Li, Chun-Ta Faculty of Natural Sciences Department of Computer Science Redeemer’s University Osun Nigeria Department of Computer Science Bowen University Iwo Nigeria Faculty of Information and Communication Sciences Department of Computer Science University of Ilorin Ilorin240003 Nigeria Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering University of Lagos Lagos Akoka100213 Nigeria Bachelor’s Program of Artificial Intelligence and Information Security Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City24206 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819777853

Heart Disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. It alarmingly rises at a quick rate, making early heart disease prediction crucial for effective prevention and timely intervention. Heart disease diagnosis is a difficult process that requires technical skills and accuracy to complete. With improvements in technology, computing has lent its voice to simplify the diagnosis of various health problems. Machine learning uses past or existing history to predict future results. Various machine learning techniques have been developed over the years and used in predicting heart diseases with various levels of performance. Identifying the best-suited machine learning technique to use for prediction purposes can be a challenging task. This research work analyses the performance of seven (7) machine learning techniques, comprising AdaBoost Algorithm, KNN, Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes Classifier, Random Forest, SVM, and XGBoost. The heart disease dataset was downloaded from the UCI repository and analysed using Python programming language in the Jupyter Notebook environment. A comparative analysis of the seven (7) techniques was performed based on Accuracy, Precision, and Recall. From the results obtained, KNN, Random Forest, and XGBoost showed superior performance over the others with an accuracy of 100%, AdaBoost Algorithm followed with an accuracy of 92.2%, SVM followed with an accuracy of 91.71%, Naïve Bayes Classifier followed with an accuracy of 88.29% while Logistic Regression has the least accuracy of 86.34%. KNN, RF, and XGBoost outperformed AdaBoost, SVN, and LR. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Design and Optimization of the Porous Metamaterial EM Absorbers in X-band

Design and Optimization of the Porous Metamaterial EM Absorb...

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2023 IEEE Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility and Signal/Power Integrity, EMC+SIPI 2023

作者： Anurakparadorn, Kanat Taub, Alan Michielssen, Eric University of Michigan Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program Department of Material Science and Engineering Ann ArborMI United States University of Michigan Department of Mechanical Engineering Ann ArborMI United States University of Michigan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ann ArborMI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309768

A strategy that combines experiment and simulation to design and optimize electromagnetic (EM) metamaterial absorbers containing a periodic porous structure is described. The approach provides the ability to produce absorbers that meet multiple user-specified objectives. Using the measured intrinsic properties of the baseline materials as an input to EM-field based computational modelling and optimization, absorption by the studied metamaterials measured by their reflection loss (RL) increases significantly. The resulting metamaterials have the potential for lower cost and lighter weight while providing greater protection than traditional metal gaskets and foams. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Metamaterials

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Application of 3D Printing and Design in Healthcare: A Focus on Undergraduate Research to Attract Students to bioengineering and Related Disciplines 54

Application of 3D Printing and Design in Healthcare: A Focus...

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54th IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE 2024

作者： Zelada-Quiroz, Cindy M. Reyes-Santiago, Brian L. Ortiz-Rivera, Eduardo I. University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez Bio-Engineering Graduate Program Mayagüez Puerto Rico University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mayagüez Puerto Rico University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mayagüez Puerto Rico

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351507

This research-to-practice paper describes developing and analyzing state-of-the-art smart boots created by combining CAD technology and advanced 3D printing techniques to attract students in bio-engineering and related fields. The primary objective of this innovative immobilization boot is to expedite fracture recovery phases through an ergonomic design to ensure optimal patient comfort during its use. Technological solutions are crucial in aiding the rehabilitation process for fractures caused by falls, heavy lifting, or rotational trauma. However, cost and comfort-related issues persist, underscoring the need for alternative approaches. This research addresses these challenges and delves into the broader implications of fracture treatment, catalyzing future projects and investigations in bioengineering. Additionally, this study serves as an educational tool that sparks the interest of high school and engineering students, promoting multidisciplinary collaboration in innovation. By involving students in specialized courses covering 3D design, human bone anatomy, biology, and materials science, this initiative empowers them to deepen their knowledge and develop new technologies to address bone injury problems. Material analyses include evaluating the type of material depending on the fracture site, such as PLA for printing and cotton and silicone gel for the midsection between the splint and the body. This research aims to advance our understanding of the type of fracture, the methods associated with their treatment, and tissue repair processes during bone callus formation. To summarize, this multidisciplinary approach drives advancements in bio-engineering and related fields, aiming to enhance patient outcomes and inspire students to pursue further research in bio-engineering and related fields. As part of this endeavor, a list of university-level courses based on the experience of the University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez (UPRM), such as biology, bio-materials, 3D

关键词： Students

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Freestanding region-responsive bilayer for functional packaging of ingestible devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第3期9卷 285-295页

作者： Michael A.Straker Joshua A.Levy Justin M.Stine Vivian Borbash Luke A.Beardslee Reza Ghodssi Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Institute for Systems Research University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20740USA Robert E.Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20850USA Department of Material Science and Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20740USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

Ingestible capsules have the potential to become an attractive alternative to traditional means of treating and detecting gastrointestinal(GI)*** device complexity increases,so too does the demand for more effective capsule packaging technologies to elegantly target specific GI *** pH-responsive coatings have been traditionally used for the passive targeting of specific GI regions,their application is limited due to the geometric restrictions imposed by standard coating ***,pan,and spray coating methods only enable the protection of microscale unsupported openings against the harsh GI ***,some emerging technologies have millimeter-scale components for performing functions such as sensing and drug *** this end,we present the freestanding region-responsive bilayer(FRRB),a packaging technology for ingestible capsules that can be readily applied for various functional ingestible capsule *** bilayer is composed of rigid polyethylene glycol(PEG)under a flexible pH-responsive Eudragit®FL 30 D 55,which protects the contents of the capsule until it arrives in the targeted intestinal *** FRRB can be fabricated in a multitude of shapes that facilitate various functional packaging mechanisms,some of which are demonstrated *** this paper,we characterize and validate the use of this technology in a simulated intestinal environment,confirming that the FRRB can be tuned for small intestinal *** also show a case example where the FRRB is used to protect and expose a thermomechanical actuator for targeted drug delivery.

关键词： coating packaging attractive

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