Gut–brain axis(GBA)communication relies on serotonin(5-HT)signaling between the gut epithelium and the peripheral nervous system,where 5-HT release patterns from the basolateral(i.e.,bottom)side of the epithelium act...
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Gut–brain axis(GBA)communication relies on serotonin(5-HT)signaling between the gut epithelium and the peripheral nervous system,where 5-HT release patterns from the basolateral(i.e.,bottom)side of the epithelium activate nerve *** have been few quantitative studies of this gut-neuron signaling due to a lack of real-time measurement tools that can access the basolateral gut *** vitro platforms allow quantitative studies of cultured gut tissue,but they mainly employ offline and endpoint assays that cannot resolve dynamic molecular-release ***,we present the modification of a microporous cell culture membrane with carbon nanotube-coated gold(Au-CNT)electrodes capable of continuous,label-free,and direct detection of 5-HT at physiological *** characterization of single-walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT)-coated Au electrodes shows increased electroactive surface area,5-HT specificity,sensitivity,and saturation time,which are correlated with the CNT film drop-cast *** microliters of CNT films,with a 10-min saturation time,0.6μA/μM 5-HT sensitivity,and reliable detection within a linear range of 500 nM–10μM 5-HT,can be targeted for high-concentration,high-time-resolution 5-HT *** films(12.5μL)with a 2-h saturation time,4.5μA/μM 5-HT sensitivity,and quantitative detection in the linear range of 100 nM–1μM can target low concentrations with low time *** electrodes achieved continuous detection of dynamic diffusion across the porous membrane,mimicking basolateral 5-HT release from cells,and detection of cell-released 5-HT from separately cultured RIN14B cell ***-integrated cell culture systems such as this can improve in vitro molecular detection mechanisms and aid in quantitative GBA signaling studies.
The purpose of this workshop-designed for instructional and disciplinary STEM faculty interested in learning about qualitative research-is to (1) introduce participants to high-quality qualitative research design and ...
This comprehensive review article delves into the evolving landscape of solid-state batteries (SSBs), presenting a critical evaluation beyond the conventional lithium-ion technology. It meticulously explores the perfo...
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This comprehensive review article delves into the evolving landscape of solid-state batteries (SSBs), presenting a critical evaluation beyond the conventional lithium-ion technology. It meticulously explores the performance analysis, fast-charging capabilities, and in-operando characterization of SSBs. Amid growing demands for safer, higher energy density, and more sustainable energy storage solutions, SSBs emerge as a compelling alternative, promising to revolutionize applications from portable electronics to electric vehicles. This review begins with a detailed examination of the fundamental principles underpinning SSBs, including their unique architecture and the roles of solid electrolytes in enhancing safety and energy density. It then shifts focus to the pivotal aspect of fast charging – a critical parameter for consumer acceptance and market penetration of electric vehicles. The analysis extends to the intricacies of in-operando characterization techniques, which are essential for understanding the dynamic processes within SSBs during operation, thus offering insights into optimizing performance and longevity. By juxtaposing SSBs with conventional lithium-ion batteries, the review highlights the technological strides and hurdles ahead. Furthermore, it discusses the latest advancements in materials science, engineering strategies, and characterization methods that potentially address the current limitations of SSBs. Conclusively, this review not only underscores the significant progress in SSB technology but also outlines the roadmap and future directions for researchers and industry stakeholders aiming to harness the full potential of SSBs in next-generation energy storage systems.
We introduce cytoNet, a cloud-based tool to characterize cell populations from microscopy images. cytoNet quantifies spatial topology and functional relationships in cell communities using principles of network scienc...
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We introduce cytoNet, a cloud-based tool to characterize cell populations from microscopy images. cytoNet quantifies spatial topology and functional relationships in cell communities using principles of network science. Capturing multicellular dynamics through graph features, cytoNet also evaluates the effect of cell-cell interactions on individual cell phenotypes. We demonstrate cytoNet’s capabilities in four case studies: 1) characterizing the temporal dynamics of neural progenitor cell communities during neural differentiation, 2) identifying communities of pain-sensing neurons in vivo , 3) capturing the effect of cell community on endothelial cell morphology, and 4) investigating the effect of laminin α4 on perivascular niches in adipose tissue. The analytical framework introduced here can be used to study the dynamics of complex cell communities in a quantitative manner, leading to a deeper understanding of environmental effects on cellular behavior. The versatile, cloud-based format of cytoNet makes the image analysis framework accessible to researchers across domains.
Intracortical brain-computer interfaces (iBCIs) have shown promise for restoring rapid communication to people with neurological disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, to maintain high perform...
Intracortical brain-computer interfaces (iBCIs) have shown promise for restoring rapid communication to people with neurological disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, to maintain high performance over time, iBCIs typically need frequent recalibration to combat changes in the neural recordings that accrue over days. This requires iBCI users to stop using the iBCI and engage in supervised data collection, making the iBCI system hard to use. In this paper, we propose a method that enables self-recalibration of communication iBCIs without interrupting the user. Our method leverages large language models (LMs) to automatically correct errors in iBCI outputs. The self-recalibration process uses these corrected outputs ("pseudo-labels") to continually update the iBCI decoder online. Over a period of more than one year (403 days), we evaluated our Continual Online Recalibration with Pseudo-labels (CORP) framework with one clinical trial participant. CORP achieved a stable decoding accuracy of 93.84% in an online handwriting iBCI task, significantly outperforming other baseline methods. Notably, this is the longest-running iBCI stability demonstration involving a human participant. Our results provide the first evidence for long-term stabilization of a plug-and-play, high-performance communication iBCI, addressing a major barrier for the clinical translation of iBCIs.
This work presents a 3D-printed,modular,electrochemical sensor-integrated transwell system for monitoring cellular and molecular events in situ without sample extraction or microfluidics-assisted downstream *** additi...
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This work presents a 3D-printed,modular,electrochemical sensor-integrated transwell system for monitoring cellular and molecular events in situ without sample extraction or microfluidics-assisted downstream *** additive manufacturing techniques such as 3D printing,shadow masking,and molding are used to fabricate this modular system,which is autoclavable,biocompatible,and designed to operate following standard operating protocols(SOPs)of cellular *** to the platform is a flexible porous membrane,which is used as a cell culture substrate similarly to a commercial transwell *** electrochemical sensors fabricated on the membrane allow direct access to cells and their products.A pair of gold electrodes on the top side of the membrane measures impedance over the course of cell attachment and growth,characterized by an exponential decrease(~160%at 10Hz)due to an increase in the double layer capacitance from secreted extracellular matrix(ECM)*** voltammetry(CV)sensor electrodes,fabricated on the bottom side of the membrane,enable sensing of molecular release at the site of cell culture without the need for downstream ***-time detection of ferrocene dimethanol injection across the membrane showed a three order-of-magnitude higher signal at the membrane than in the bulk media after reaching *** modular sensor-integrated transwell system allows unprecedented direct,real-time,and noninvasive access to physical and biochemical information,which cannot be obtained in a conventional transwell system.
A comprehensive three-dimensional (3D) map of tissue architecture and gene expression is crucial for illuminating the complexity and heterogeneity of tissues across diverse biomedical applications1. However, most spat...
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We developed a high-resolution and noninvasive multichannel urodynamic system combined with a novel signal-processing algorithm tailored to extract electromyographic (EMG) activity from the urinary bladder. We utilize...
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In this work we evaluated the performance of a camera-based rigid body motion correction solution using a 2D checkerboard marker and a 3D encoded marker. The context of the results presented is in PET/MR imaging, but ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781665421133
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665421140
In this work we evaluated the performance of a camera-based rigid body motion correction solution using a 2D checkerboard marker and a 3D encoded marker. The context of the results presented is in PET/MR imaging, but in principle this motion compensation method could be used in any type of medical imaging modality. A high precision, computer-controlled motion stage with four degrees of freedom was used to control the marker positions and orientations (a.k.a. ‘poses’). Still images of the markers taken in different poses mimicking a patient moving her/his head from side to side, were used to assess performance of this method. Comparing the known stage motion to the estimated motion, our results indicate that the 2D marker achieves better angular accuracy while the 3D marker’s translational (linear) accuracy is superior. For all axes, the angular error was less than 0.96, 0.35 [deg], and the translational error was less than 2.24, 4.76 [mm] for the 3D and 2D markers, respectively.
Intracortical brain-computer interfaces (iBCIs) have shown promise for restoring rapid communication to people with neurological disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, to maintain high perform...
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