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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： Hawkes, Nicole Morrison, Jean Raghavendra, Cauligi WiSE University of Southern California United States University of Southern California United States Program University of Southern California United States Department of Earth Sciences Program USC Viterbi School of Engineering United States Departments of Electrical Engineering-Systems and Computer Science University of Southern California United States

The establishment of the Women in science and engineering (WiSE) program represents the serious commitment of the University of Southern California to address the under-representation of women in science and engineering. Since the launch of the program in 2000, WiSE has helped to more than double the number of tenured and tenure-track women faculty at USC from 15 to 35, through its recruitment and retention programs. Its complimentary programs to support undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral scholars through a range of financial awards and activities have also grown in scope and impact. This paper describes the programs developed and administered by WiSE, the perceived successes to date, the challenges that remain, and the future directions of the program to ensure continued progress toward gender equity in science and engineering at USC. Through an analysis of the WiSE program at USC, we hope to present a model from which others can draw on to tackle the same issues at their own institutions. © American Society for engineering Education, 2007.

关键词： engineering education

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Design of mutation-resistant HIV protease inhibitors with the substrate envelope hypothesis (vol 69, pg 298, 2007)

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CHEMICAL BIOLOGY & DRUG DESIGN 2007年第6期69卷 455-455页

作者： Chellappan, S. Center for Advanced Research in Biotechnology University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute 9600 Gudelsky Drive Rockville MD 20850 USA Chemical Biology Program Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA 01605 USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA 01605 USA Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Biological Engineering Division Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA

There is a clinical need for HIV protease inhibitors that can evade resistance mutations. One possible approach to designing such inhibitors relies upon the crystallographic observation that the substrates of HIV protease occupy a rather constant region within the binding site. In particular, it has been hypothesized that inhibitors which lie within this region will tend to resist clinically relevant mutations. The present study offers the first prospective evaluation of this hypothesis, via computational design of inhibitors predicted to conform to the substrate envelope, followed by synthesis and evaluation against wild‐type and mutant proteases, as well as structural studies of complexes of the designed inhibitors with HIV protease. The results support the utility of the substrate envelope hypothesis as a guide to the design of robust protease inhibitors.

关键词： AIDS crystal drug design inhibitor protease

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Integrating teaching abroad into an international student exchange program

Integrating teaching abroad into an international student ex...

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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： Mossbrucker, Joerg Williams, Stephen Chandler, Edward Petersen, Owe Dahms, Holger Thiedke, Jens Milwaukee School of Engineering United States United States United States L-31 Communications Technical Staff AT and T Bell Laboratories United States IEEE ABET EAC Program Lübeck University of Applied Sciences Germany Department of Electrical Engineering Lübeck University of Applied Sciences Germany Lübeck University of Applied Sciences Lübeck Germany Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Milwaukee School of Engineering United States

The electrical engineering program at the Milwaukee School of engineering (MSOE) has integrated a bilateral faculty teaching component into its international student exchange program. Considerable flexibility was needed to adjust to faculty availability and the major differences in academic calendars between the two institutions. Specifically, MSOE is a private institution on a quarter system and its partner university is the Lübeck University of Applied sciences in Lübeck, Germany which utilizes the semester system and is a state university. Among the problems that needed to be overcome is that the semester versus quarter systems simply didn't align and neither institution has the resources to allow faculty absences for an entire academic year. At the Lübeck University of Applied sciences the MSOE faculty generally teach a short intensive 2 week course at the end of the spring semester. An appropriate number of credits and associated grade are given and entered on both university transcripts. The Lübeck university faculty visit MSOE in the fall quarter to participate in the project defense of their own students who perform their Diplom Arbeit (senior thesis project) at a company generally in the Milwaukee region. During the visit the Lübeck faculty also provide a series of special topic lectures in various courses depending on the expertise of the faculty member. The benefits of the faculty exchange are many. Not just does the experience foster a stronger bond to the partner abroad, but the presence of the faculty serves to assure the students that the home institution is paying attention to their welfare and academic progress. The most essential thing we have come to believe is that while good academics are essential to a program, it is the relationships between the people involved in the program that determines a truly successful international program. The faculty exchange aspect has become a lynchpin of our exchange program. © American Society for engineering Ed

关键词： Students

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A NOVEL METHOD OF FABRICATING CONVOLUTED SHAPED ELECTRODE ARRAYS FOR NEURAL AND RETINAL PROSTHESIS

A NOVEL METHOD OF FABRICATING CONVOLUTED SHAPED ELECTRODE AR...

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TRANSDUCERS 2007 - 2007 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference, Volume 3 of 5

作者： R. Bhandari S. Negi L. Rieth R. A. Normann F. Solzbacher Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Utah Salt Lake USA Department of Bioengineering University of Utah Salt Lake USA Department of Material Science University of Utah Salt Lake USA

A novel fabrication technique has been developed for creating high density (7.7 electrodes/mm{sup}2), out of plane, high aspect ratio silicon-based convoluted microelectrode arrays for neural and retinal prosthesis. The unique convoluted shape of the electrodes compliments the curved surface of nerves, and in the case of retina, its spherical geometry. This electrode array's geometry has the potential to secure implantation in the nerve and to physically stabilize it against displacement after insertion. This report describes a novel method for de-insulation of the electrode tip and its limitations in terms of uniformity in tip de-insulation.

关键词： Micromachining Electrode arrays Dicing Neural and retinal prosthesis

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8F-1 Integrated All-Optical Ultrasound Transducers

8F-1 Integrated All-Optical Ultrasound Transducers

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IEEE Symposium (IUS) Ultrasonics

作者： Y. Hou S. Ashkenazi S.-W. Huang J.-S. Kim L. J. Guo M. O'Donnell Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Department of Bioengineering University of Washington Seattle WA USA

A broadband all-optical ultrasound transducer has been designed, constructed and tested for high-frequency ultrasound imaging. It consists of a 3 mum PDMS layer sandwiched between a two-dimensional gold nanostructure and a 30 nm gold layer. A laser pulse at the resonance wavelength of the gold nanostructure is focused onto the surface for ultrasound generation, and a CW laser at a wavelength far from resonance is used as the probing beam. The signal to noise ratio of a pulse-echo signal from a 70 mum diameter transmit element combined with a 20 mum diameter receive element probing a near perfect reflector positioned 1.5 mm from the transducer surface is over 10 dB, and has the potential to be improved by at least another 40 dB, while the center frequency is 40 MHz with -6 dB bandwidth of 57 MHz. A high-frequency ultrasound array has been emulated using multiple measurements from the transducer while mechanically scanning an imaging target. Characterizations of the device's optical and acoustical properties, as well as preliminary imaging results, strongly suggest that all-optical ultrasound transducers can be used to build high-frequency arrays for real-time high-resolution ultrasound imaging.

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging Ultrasonic transducers Optical imaging Gold Acoustic imaging High-resolution imaging Laser noise Optical pulse generation Resonance Optical surface waves

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A Method to Realize Controlled Air/Liquid Interfaces and Interfacial Polymer Micro Membranes in Microfluidic Channels

A Method to Realize Controlled Air/Liquid Interfaces and Int...

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IEEE SENSORS

作者： Daming Cheng YoungJoon Paul Choe Hongrui Jiang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin Madison Madison USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin Madison Madison WI USA Materials Science Program University of Wisconsin-Madison USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI. Email: hongrui@engr.wisc.edu

In this study, stable air/liquid interfaces and high-aspect ratio polymer micro membranes with complex and controlled structures were formed within microfluidic channels. The air/liquid interfaces were formed at hydrophilic/hydrophobic boundaries defined by patterned and alkanethiols treated Cu surfaces. The two-phase interfaces were further utilized for interfacial polymerization with two immiscible liquid phases containing the reagents for polymer membrane in the microchannel, to generate polymer micro membranes with not only complex in-plane shapes but also z-direction configurations. To demonstrate this method, high quality and complex nylon membranes were fabricated in microchannels. Straight membranes as long as 15mm, 50 mum thick and 500 mum tall in a microfluidic channel were successfully fabricated, and membranes with different structures were realized.

关键词： Polymers Biomembranes Microfluidics Surface treatment Glass Microchannel Shape Materials science and technology Chemical processes Gold

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A Video Processing Approach to the Study of Obesity

A Video Processing Approach to the Study of Obesity

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Ning Yao R. J. Sclabassi Qiang Liu Jie Yang John D. Fernstrom Madelyn H. Fernstrom Mingui Sun Department of Neurosurgery University of Pittsburgh USA University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA US Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh USA School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University USA Departments of Psychiatry Pharmacology University of Pittsburgh Departments of Psychiatry Surgery Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering Neurosurgery Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh

Currently, a significant obstacle in identifying the most important factors that contribute to obesity is the lack of appropriate tools to evaluate food consumption and physical activity on a daily basis. This paper presents a novel video-based approach to estimating the energy intake and expenditure of individuals who are over-weight or obese. We propose to utilize a miniature video camera to chronically record data surrounding an individual's daily activity. From the recorded data, energy intake and expenditure are extracted objectively using signal processing algorithms. We discuss two algorithms which are both featured with low computational complexity, suitable for processing large sets of field-acquired video data. These algorithms estimate: (i) energy intake (caloric content) by determining the physical dimensions of the foods consumed; and (ii) energy expenditure by evaluating the extent of the subject's physical activity. We also report initial experimental results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new approach.

关键词： Food technology Cameras Signal processing algorithms Cardiac disease Bone diseases Cardiovascular diseases Motion measurement Video recording Legged locomotion Sun

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A Systems View of a Neuromorphic VLSI Echolocation System

A Systems View of a Neuromorphic VLSI Echolocation System

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： Timothy K. Horiuchi Matthew Cheely Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Institute for Systems Research Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program University of Maryland College park MD USA Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program University of Maryland College park MD USA

Echolocating bats have long demonstrated the potential for air-coupled sonar to guide agile navigation through complex 3D environments. While air-coupled sonar has been extensively used in mobile ground robotics and a considerable amount of the bat's auditory system has been studied, little work has been done to understand how the neural circuitry of the bat can integrate echoes into a coherent, behaving system. This paper addresses the unique characteristics of bat echolocation and how they impact the design of a neuromorphic VLSI-based echolocation system. By constructing a system to solve bat-specific sensorimotor tasks the authors have encountered a number of interesting issues and questions that commonly face neuromorphic VLSI designers. Successes, problematic issues, and future directions are discussed

关键词： Neuromorphics Very large scale integration Auditory system Neurons Sonar navigation Mobile robots Frequency Delay estimation Neuroscience Cognitive science

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Lattice Boltzmann algorithms for fluid turbulence

Lattice Boltzmann algorithms for fluid turbulence

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department of Defense - HPCMP Users Group Conference 2007;High Performance Computing Modernization program: A Bridge to Future Defense, DoD HPCMP UGC

作者： Vahala, George Yepez, Jeffrey Soe, Min Vahala, Linda Ziegeler, Sean Department of Physics College of William and Mary Williamsburg VA United States Hanscom Field MA United States Department of Mathematics and Science Rogers State University Claremore OK United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Old Dominion University Norfolk VA United States High Performance Computing Modernization Program Mississippi State University MS United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769530885

Lattice Boltzmann algorihms are a mesoscopic representation of nonlinear continuum physics (like Navier-Stokes, magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), Gross-Pitaevskii equations) which are ideal for parallel supercomputers because they transform the difficult nonlinear convective macroscopic derivatives into purely local moments of distribution functions. The macroscopic nonlinearities are recovered by relaxation distribution functions in the collision operator whose dependence on the macroscopic velocity is algebraically nonlinear and thus purely local. Unlike standard computational fluid dynamics codes, there is no loss in parallelization in handling arbitrary geometric boundaries, e.g., using bounce-back rules from kinetic theory. By encoding detailed balance into the collision operator through the introduction of discrete H-function, the lattice Boltzmann algorithm can be made unconditionally stable for arbitrary high Reynolds numbers. It is shown that this approach is a special case of a quantum lattice Boltzmann algorithm that entangles local qubits through unitary collision operators and which is ideally parallelized on quantum computer architectures. Here we consider turbulence simulations using 2,048 PEs on a 1,6003-spatial grid. A connection is found between the rate of change of enstrophy and the onset of laminar-to-turbulent flows. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： Magnetohydrodynamics

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New Insights in the Modification of the Work Function of Cathode Materials due to Thin Surface Coatings using Ab-initio Modelling

New Insights in the Modification of the Work Function of Cat...

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International Conference on Vacuum Electronics

作者： Vasilios Vlahos Dane D. Morgan John H. Booske University of Wisconsin Madison Madison WI USA 1415 Engineering Dr. Madison WI Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin Madison Madison WI USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison USA Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program

The changes in the work function upon adsorption of coating layers on materials utilized in both field and thermionic emission applications have been investigated computationally within the framework of Density Functional Theory (DFT) [1] as implemented by the Vienna Ab-initio Simulation Package (VASP) [2]. This approach provides valuable information for understanding the origin of the improvement in the emitted current density by monitoring changes in the electronic structure of a material system upon adsorption of surface species. The presence of surface coatings induces changes in the charge density in the surface and sub-surface regions of the substrate, significantly influencing the value of the work function. The origin of the enhanced emission properties of Cesium-Iodide (Csl) coated Carbon-based field emission cathodes [3] as well as Barium-Oxide (Ba-O) Tungsten thermionic cathode systems has been investigated. The former is a promising cathode material system capable of operating under low global electric fields, demonstrating operation lifetimes in excess of one million pulses, and characterized by good shot-to-shot-reproducibility, low levels of outgassing, and no evident plasma formation upon appropriate conditioning.

关键词： Cathodes Coatings Thermionic emission Density functional theory Computational modeling Electronic packaging thermal management Current density Monitoring Tungsten Plasma applications

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