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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tai, Jung-Shen B. Hess, Andrew J. Wu, Jin-Sheng Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Magnetic monopoles, despite their ongoing experimental search as elementary particles, have inspired the discovery of analogous excitations in condensed matter systems. In chiral condensed matter systems, emergent monopoles are responsible for the onset of transitions between topologically distinct states and phases, like in the case of transitions from helical and conical phase to A-phase comprising periodic arrays of skyrmions. By combining numerical modeling and optical characterizations, we describe how different geometrical configurations of skyrmions terminating at monopoles can be realized in liquid crystals and liquid crystal ferromagnets. We demonstrate how such complex structures can be effectively manipulated by external magnetic and electric fields. Furthermore, we discuss how our findings may hint at similar dynamics in other physical systems, and their potential applications. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Liquid crystals

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Long-range photodetection of organic exciton-polaritons

Long-range photodetection of organic exciton-polaritons

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Bin Liu Xinjing Huang Stephen R. Forrest Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Department of Material Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA

In light-matter strong coupling regime, we observe long-range photodetection response at room temperature mediated by organic exciton-polaritons, which results from strong interactions between organic excitons and low... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9781957171050

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466660

关键词： Couplings Surface waves Excitons Lasers and electrooptics Laser excitation Electrooptical waveguides

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A Magnetic Particle Imaging Approach for Minimally Invasive Imaging and Sensing with Implantable Bioelectronic Circuits

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2023年

作者： Tay, Zhiwei Kim, Han-Joon Ho, John S. Olivo, Malini Singapore National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 1-2-1 Namiki Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8564 Japan National University of Singapore Department of Bioengineering Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Institute for Health Technology National University of Singapore Singapore 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis 08-03 138634 Singapore

Minimally-invasive and biocompatible implantable bioelectronic circuits are used for long-term monitoring of physiological processes in the body. However, there is a lack of methods that can cheaply and conveniently image the device within the body while simultaneously extracting sensor information. Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) with zero background signal, high contrast, and high sensitivity with quantitative images is ideal for this challenge because the magnetic signal is not absorbed with increasing tissue depth and incurs no radiation dose. We show how to easily modify common implantable devices to be imaged by MPI by encapsulating and magnetically-coupling magnetic nanoparticles (SPIOs) to the device circuit. These modified implantable devices not only provide spatial information via MPI, but also couple to our handheld MPI reader to transmit sensor information by modulating harmonic signals from magnetic nanoparticles via switching or frequency-shifting with resistive or capacitive sensors. This paper provides proof-of-concept of an optimized MPI imaging technique for implantable devices to extract spatial information as well as other information transmitted by the implanted circuit (such as biosensing) via encoding in the magnetic particle spectrum. The 4D images present 3D position and a changing color tone in response to a variable biometric. Biophysical sensing via bioelectronic circuits that take advantage of the unique imaging properties of MPI may enable a wide range of minimally invasive applications in biomedicine and diagnosis. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Beating bandwidth limits for large aperture broadband nano-optics

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Fröch, Johannes E. Chakravarthula, Praneeth K. Sun, Jipeng Tseng, Ethan Colburn, Shane Zhan, Alan Miller, Forrest Wirth-Singh, Anna Tanguy, Quentin A.A. Han, Zheyi Böhringer, Karl F. Heide, Felix Majumdar, Arka Department of Physics University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Computer Science Princeton University PrincetonNJ08540 United States Tunoptix Fluke Hall 4000 Mason Road 300 SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Bioengineering University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Institute for Nano-Engineered Systems University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States

Flat optics have been proposed as an attractive approach for the implementation of new imaging and sensing modalities to replace and augment refractive optics. However, chromatic aberrations impose fundamental limitations on diffractive flat optics. As such, true broadband high-quality imaging has thus far been out of reach for low f-number, large aperture, flat optics. In this work, we overcome these intrinsic fundamental limitations, achieving broadband imaging in the visible wavelength range with a flat meta-optic, co-designed with computational reconstruction. We derive the necessary conditions for a broadband, 1 cm aperture, f/2 flat optic, with a diagonal field of view of 30° and an average system MTF contrast of 30% or larger for a spatial frequency of 100 lp/mm in the visible band (> 50 % for 70 lp/mm and below). Finally, we use a coaxial, dual-aperture system to train the broadband imaging meta-optic with a learned reconstruction method operating on pair-wise captured imaging data. Fundamentally, our work challenges the entrenched belief of the inability of capturing high-quality, full-color images using a single large aperture meta-optic. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Nanophotonics

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Probabilistic genotype-phenotype maps reveal mutational robustness of RNA folding, spin glasses, and quantum circuits

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Physical Review Research 2025年第1期7卷 013118-013118页

作者： Anna Sappington Vaibhav Mohanty Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Harvard/MIT MD-PhD Program Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA

Recent studies of genotype-phenotype maps have reported universally enhanced phenotypic robustness to genotype mutations, a feature essential to evolution. Virtually all of these studies make a simplifying assumption that each genotype—represented as a sequence—maps deterministically to a single phenotype, such as a discrete structure. Here we introduce probabilistic genotype-phenotype (PrGP) maps, where each genotype maps to a vector of phenotype probabilities, as a more realistic and universal language for investigating robustness in a variety of physical, biological, and computational systems. We study three model systems to show that PrGP maps offer a generalized framework which can handle uncertainty emerging from various physical sources: (1) thermal fluctuation in RNA folding, (2) external field disorder in the spin-glass ground state search problem, and (3) superposition and entanglement in quantum circuits, which are realized experimentally on IBM quantum computers. In all three cases, we observe a biphasic robustness scaling which is enhanced relative to random expectation for more frequent phenotypes and approaches random expectation for less frequent phenotypes. We derive an analytical theory for the behavior of PrGP robustness, and we demonstrate that the theory is highly predictive of empirical robustness.

关键词： Quantum computers

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A Multi-phase Deep Learning Approach for Predicting HCC Response to TACE using Complete Computed Tomography

A Multi-phase Deep Learning Approach for Predicting HCC Resp...

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Data science and engineering in Healthcare, Medicine and Biology, IEEE EMBS Special Topic Conference on

作者： Shun Cheng Chang Chien Fu Liu Marta Misztal Yi Hsien Hsieh Che Lin Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University (NTU) Taiwan School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London UK Department of Electrical Engineering NTU Taiwan Center for Computational and Systems Biology and Center for Biotechnology NTU Taiwan Smart Medicine and Health Informatics Program NTU Taiwan

In this research study, we compare the predictive performance of two advanced deep learning-based models in order to provide a solution to TACE (Transarterial Chemoembolization) response prediction in HCC (Hepatocellular Carcinoma) patients. Using entire abdominal CT scans enabled a broader perspective available for the model, eliminating the need for segmentation during the preprocessing. Making use of both single-phase and multi-phase CT imaging, we have used DenseNet121 and have obtained an accuracy of 80% for the multi-phase *** Relevance: The ability to predict the effectiveness of TACE treatment prior to its administration makes it possible to provide a better decision-making aid for physicians and patients.

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Influence of Crystallographic Orientation on the Deformation of Ag Nanoparticles During High-Speed Impact

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Becker, Michael F. Kovar, Desiderio Chitrakar, T.V. The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Additive Manufacturing and Design Innovation

Several related aerosol processes utilize high velocity impact of solid nanoparticles to produce nanograined films including the aerosol deposition method, jet molding, vacuum kinetic spraying, and micro cold spray. Although the influence of important variables such as particle size and particle impact velocity, on particle deformation and film formation have been previously explored, other variables have not been systematically explored. Because particles impact with a full range of orientations, an understanding of the effect of particle orientation is required to predict film microstructures. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to determine the influence of particle crystallographic orientation on the particle deformation upon impact and the resulting microstructure of the deposit. We show that the orientations that produce the largest overall particle deformation are not correlated to orientations where initiation of plastic deformation is easiest. Rather, the deformation is heterogenous and depends on the mechanisms responsible for deformation. Two deformation mechanisms are identified: 1) dislocation plasticity and 2) disordering followed by viscous flow. The fraction of the atoms in the impacting particle that experience permanent deformation by each mechanism is quantified as a function of particle orientation. The implications of the effects of particle crystallographic orientation on film microstructures are also discussed. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Molecular dynamics

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Strain-induced formation of self-assembled InGaN/GaN superlattices in nominal InGaN films grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy

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Physical Review Materials 2021年第12期5卷 124606-124606页

作者： Kamruzzaman Khan Kai Sun Christian Wurm Kanak Datta Parag B. Deotare Elaheh Ahmadi Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA

In this work, we report the spontaneous formation of superlattice structures in nominal InGaN films grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. A 700-nm-thick self-assembled In0.2Ga0.8N/GaN superlattice with excellent structural quality was achieved. Strain was studied as a possible driving force for the formation of self-assembled superlattice (SASL) structure by growth of InGaN on ZnO substrate using similar growth conditions. The SASL structures were optically characterized using photoluminescence spectroscopy. Structural characterization was conducted via transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. High-resolution x-ray diffraction (XRD) and XRD reciprocal space map were utilized to determine the average composition and the degree of relaxation of InGaN films. We propose that the vertical phase separation observed in the SASL structure is caused by high-temperature growth and intensified by strain. This work provides a method for engineering strain and growth of thick InGaN films for a variety of applications including solar cells and photodetectors.

关键词： Nitrides Superlattices Molecular beam epitaxy Photoluminescence Time-resolved photoluminescence X-ray diffraction

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Design and Implementation of Smart Street Lighting System Employing Esp-Mesh Network

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Fuada, Syifaul Duttagupta, Subhasri Adiono, Trio Siregar, Lindawani Program Studi Sistem Telekomunikasi Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia West Java Province Bandung Indonesia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham Keralam Amritapuri-Campus 690525 India Electrical Engineering Department School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Institut Teknologi Bandung West Java Province Bandung Indonesia Teaching Factory of Manufacturing Electronics Politeknik Negeri Batam Kepulauan Riau Province Batam Indonesia

Street lighting is a public facility that gives highway users’ convenience during their nighttime trips, making it essential to be controlled and monitored using IoT technology. This study aimed to develop a smart lighting system connected through a Mesh network. The system monitors the street light and automatically controls it using the ESP8266 module, a microcontroller with Wi-Fi built-in. The options in selecting the lamp type include Halogen, Fluorescent, LED, or Incandescent. In general, LED is used because it has an advantage in energy-saving over other lamp types. Moreover, the system is equipped with automatic light intensity control through a dimming technique by Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), while BH1750 is used as a light sensor. Furthermore, it monitors the environmental temperature and humidity using DHT22. The communication between the lighting module is based on ESP-Mesh because each node is connected and forwarding data to the destination and the coverage area. ESP-Mesh allows the wireless network to have a scalable architecture in a broader area. It has features to self-organize and self-configure, implying the network could be built and maintained autonomously. Additionally, the system has a web server service with access to control each node and find out the mesh routing table. The results showed that each node could be configured as a mesh network using ESP8266, which sends dimming commands and reads the sensors. The dimming and intensity control was tested using real public street light called NL200D LED module and an off-the-self dimming control driver module, N-Channel MOSFET FQP30N06L. Furthermore, a Mesh connection was tested using five super bright 3mm LEDs representing real street light due to the limitation of the LED module in the laboratory. The street light has three control modes, including on/off-based, intensity control-based or dimming control manually through the website, and intensity control-based automatically using the two se

关键词： Mesh generation

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Impact of fabrication methods on binder distribution and charge transport in composite cathodes of all-solid-state batteries

材料展望（英文）

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材料展望（英文） 2023年第4期 121-129页

作者： Benjamin Emley Chaoshan Wu Lihong Zhao Qing Ai Yanliang Liang Zhaoyang Chen Liqun Guo Tanguy Terlier Jun Lou Zheng Fan Yan Yao Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston University of Houston4726 Calhoun RdHoustonTX 77204United States of America Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston University of Houston4726 Calhoun RdHoustonTX 77204United States of America Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston4726 Calhoun RdHoustonTX 77204United States of America Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering Rice University6100 Main StreetHoustonTX 77005United States of America SIMS Laboratory Shared Equipment AuthorityRice UniversityHoustonTX 77005United States of America Department of Engineering Technology University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204United States of America

The manufacturing process of all-solid-state batteries necessitates the use of polymer ***,these binders,being ionic insulators by nature,can adversely affect charge transport within composite cathodes,thereby impacting the rate performance of the *** this work,we aim to investigate the impact of fabrication methods,specifically the solvent-free dry process versus the slurry-cast wet process,on binder distribution and charge transport in composite cathodes of solid-state *** the dry process,the binder forms a fibrous network,while the wet process results in binder coverage on the surface of cathode active *** difference in microstructure leads to a notable 20-fold increase in ionic conductivity in the dry-processed ***,the cells processed via the dry method exhibit higher capacity retention of 89％and 83％at C/3 and C/2 rates,respectively,in comparison to 68％and 58％for the wet-processed cells at the same *** findings provide valuable insights into the influence of fabrication methods on binder distribution and charge transport,contributing to a better understanding of the binder's role in manufacturing of all-solid-state batteries.

关键词： solid-state battery solvent-free dry process polymer binder lithium thiophosphate electrolyte

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