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High performance gamma-ray spectrometer based on Cs3Cu2I5 single crystal grown by room-temperature vacuum solvent-evaporation method

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2025年 1027卷

作者： Seo, Jiwon Song, Seungho Park, Minhwan Byun, Jangwon Park, Beomjun Park, Chansun Jang, Mee Yeom, Jung-Yeol Dept. of Health and Safety Convergence Science Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Dept. of Bioengineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of The Institute for High Technology Materials and Devices Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Global Health Technology Center Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Daejeon34057 Korea Republic of School of Biomedical Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of

In this study, the properties of Cs3Cu2I5 (CCI) crystals grown using the Slow Vacuum Evaporation Technique (SVET) were examined. Crystals were grown at room temperature (300 K, 27 °C) under vacuum conditions, producing single crystals with maximum diameter of 13 mm over 23 days. We confirmed excellent crystallinity via X-ray diffraction (XRD), compositional uniformity via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and homogeneity via electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA). UV-Vis measurements indicated a high transmittance of 83 % and a bandgap of 3.64 eV. The Stokes shift of 110 nm, smaller than previously reported values, contributed to faster decay times and improved low-energy detection feasibility. Time-resolved photoluminescence (TR-PL) showed a rapid decay component (4.1 ns), accounting for 95.11 % of the total decay, demonstrating superior properties compared to existing reports. The gamma-ray detection capabilities of the CCI crystals were evaluated using six radioactive sources (Am-241, Ba-133, Co-57, Na-22, Cs-137, and Mn-54), achieving excellent energy resolution, including 5.2 % at 662 keV. The crystals displayed a highly linear response to gamma radiation (R² = 0.99998) with a light yield of 55,613 photons/MeV. Moreover, assessments of multiple crystals grown under identical conditions showed consistent performance with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 1.23 %. These findings confirm that SVET is a highly effective and cost-efficient method for producing high-quality CCI crystals, offering significant advantages over other growth techniques. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Gamma ray spectrometers

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Deep-sea coral evidence for dissolved mercury evolution in the deep North Pacifi c Ocean over the last 700 years

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第5期39卷 1622-1633页

作者： Yang QU Kuidong XU Tao LI Maoyu WANG Huan ZHONG Tianyu CHEN State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research School of EarthSciences and Engineering and Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny Institute ofOceanologyCenter for Ocean Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School ofthe EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Environmental and Life Sciences Program(EnLS) Trent UniversityPeterboroughOntario K9L 0G2Canada Center of Deep Sea Research Institute of OceanologyCenter for OceanMega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

The ocean is an important inventory of anthropogenic mercury(Hg),yet the history of anthropogenic Hg accumulation in the ocean remains largely ***-sea corals are an emerging archive of past ocean chemistry,which take in sinking or suspended particulate organic matter as their food *** organic matter would exchange Hg with the local seawater before being consumed by the deepsea *** such,the organics preserved in the coral skeleton may record the Hg evolution of the ambient seawater during the time of coral ***,we report the first data on Hg concentrations variability of a deep-sea proteinaceous coral in the oligotrophic North Pacific at the water depth of 1249 m,in attempt to understand the transfer of anthropogenic Hg into the deep Pacific ocean over the last seven *** find that the Hg concentrations of different coral growth layers have remained relatively constant albeit with considerable short-term variability through *** overall stable Hg concentration of the last seven centuries recorded in our sample suggests that anthropogenic pollution is not yet a clearly resolvable component in the deep oligotrophic North Pacific waters,in agreement with rece nt estimation from modelling works and observational studies of modern seawater *** there is hardly an unambiguous way to separate anthropogenic Hg from the natural background based on recent seawater profiles,our historical data provide valuable information helping to understand the oceanic cycle of Hg through time.

关键词： deep-sea coral mercury deep water particulate organic matter anthropogenic perturbation

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High-Performance Silicon Anodes Enabled by Multifunctional Ultrafine Silica Nanoparticle-Embedded Carbon Coatings for Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Advanced Energy materials 2025年第0期

作者： Sun, Zhefei Yin, Quanzhi Zhou, Shenghui Chen, Haoyu Wen, Sifan Yang, Huiping Wu, Xiaoyu Pan, Jianhai Han, Jiajia Yang, Hui Zhuang, Zilong Feng, Shijie Zhang, Li Peng, Dong-Liang Zhang, Qiaobao State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Materials Xiamen University Xiamen361005 China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Xiamen University Fujian Xiamen361005 China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology Department of Mechanics School of Aerospace Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53706 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego La JollaCA92093 United States Longmen Laboratory Henan Luoyang471023 China

Silicon (Si) holds immense promise as viable anode for next-generation high-energy-density Li-ion batteries (LIBs). However, its poor ionic/electronic conductivity and significant volumetric changes during cycling lead to rapidly deteriorated LIB performance. Here, a novel multifunctional coating featuring ultrafine SiO2 nanoparticles (2-C) to resolve these challenges is proposed. This unique uSiO2-C coating provides high-efficient electron and ion transport pathways, while also improves interfacial stability and mitigates volume changes during cycling, thereby enhancing the conductivity and structural integrity of Si@uSiO2-C, as corroborated by extensive experimental and computational studies. In addition, the abundant interfaces in uSiO2-C coating facilitate Li+ transport and the evenly distributed ultrafine SiO2 nanoparticles impart high electrochemical reactivity and mechanical robustness. Consequently, the Si@uSiO2-C anode achieves a high reversible capacity of 2093 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1, with a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 88.3%, superior rate capability and durability (1000 cycles, 928 mAh g−1 at 1.0 A g−1, 75% capacity retention). Full cells paired with commercial LiFePO4 cathodes demonstrate high cyclability, maintaining 80% capacity retention over 500 cycles at 4 C. This work highlights the vital role of multifunctional coating in promoting the electrochemical performance of Si-based anodes for high-performance LIBs. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： SiO2 nanoparticles

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3D Printed Electro-Responsive System with programmable Drug Release

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Alkahtani, Manal E. Sun, Siyuan Chapman, Christopher A.R. Gaisford, Simon Orlu, Mine Elbadawi, Moe Basit, Abdul W. UCL School of Pharmacy University College London 29-39 Brunswick Square LondonWC1N 1AX United Kingdom Department of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmacy Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Alkharj11942 Saudi Arabia Centre for Bioengineering School of Engineering and Material Science Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom

Precision medicine is the next frontier in pharmaceutical research, aiming to improve the safety and efficacy of therapeutics for patients. However, little progress has been made in this domain. Herein, we combined two cutting-edge technologies to demonstrate their potential for achieving programmable controlled release. A drug delivery system (DDS) was formulated using conductive polymers (CPs) that provided temporal controlled release over drug release. Three-dimensional (3D) printing was used to ensure dimensional control over the design of the DDS. The CP used herein is known to be fragile, and thus was blended with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to achieve a conductive elastomer with sound mechanical properties. Rheological and mechanical analyses were performed, where it was revealed that formulation inks with a storage modulus in the order of 103 - 104 Pa were both extrudable and maintained their structural integrity. Physico-chemical analysis confirmed the presence of the CP functional groups in the 3D printed DDS. Cyclic voltammetry demonstrated that the DDS remained conductive for 100 stimulations. in vitro drug release was performed for 180 mins at varying voltages, where a significant difference (p © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3D printing

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A call to action to address escalating global threats to academic research

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The Innovation 2025年第4期6卷 17-19页

作者： Gaelle Piret Fun Man Fung Josie Fullerton Giuseppe Fico Dmitriy Ponkratov Wenxin Chen Daniela Latorre Kirsty Y.Wan Nima Aghaeepour Jules Welgryn Adeel Razi Patricia Silveyra Ahmet Altun Renata Z.Jurkowska Alice C.Hughes Joy Wolfram INSERM U1205 UGA38400 Saint Martin d’HèresFrance School of Chemistry University College DublinD04 C1P1 BelfieldIreland UCD Geary Institute for Public Policy University College DublinD04 N9Y1 DublinIreland School of Cardiovascular&Metabolic Health University of GlasgowG128TA GlasgowUK European Alliance for Medical and Biological Engineering and Science 3001 LeuvenBelgium Life Supporting Technologies Universidad Politécnica de Madrid28040 MadridSpain Siemens Digital Industries Software B908BG SolihullUK Department of Philosophy of Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Microbiology ETH Zurich8093 ZurichSwitzerland Living Systems Institute&Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of ExeterEX44QD ExeterUK Department of Anesthesiology Painand Perioperative MedicineDepartment of PediatricsDepartment of Biomedical Data ScienceStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305USA UniversitéParis Nanterre 92000 NanterreFrance Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health School of Psychological Sciencesand Monash Biomedical ImagingMonash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging University College LondonWC1N 3AR LondonUK CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars Program TorontoON M5G 1M1Canada Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Indiana University School of Public Health BloomingtonBloomingtonIN 47408USA Department of Pharmacology Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivas 58140Turkey Division of Biomedicine School of BiosciencesCardiff UniversityCF103AX CardiffUK School of Biological Sciences University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

This article is a call to action to address escalating threats to scientific progress that affect academic researchers across the *** threats include public mistrust of science,challenges in translating academic research to end-user applications,a disconnect between academics and policymakers,emerging barriers to international collaboration,and a reliance on conventional metrics to evaluate academic *** article presents various calls to action informed by exemplary approaches across the globe that serve as frameworks to drive beneficial transformation for researchers,academic institutions,and society.

关键词： academic research calls action global threats public mistrust sciencechallenges translating academic research disconnect academics policymakers call action translation research

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Conditional Generative Modeling for Amorphous Multi-Element materials

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Honglin Liu, Chuhao Guo, Yongfeng Luo, Xiaoshan Chen, Yijie Liu, Guangsheng Li, Yu Wang, Ruoyu Wang, Zhenyu Wu, Jianzhuo Ma, Cheng Xie, Zhuohang Lv, Jian Ding, Yufei Zhang, Huabin Luo, Jian Zhong, Zhicheng Li, Mufan Wang, Yanchao Li, Wan-Lu Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software Ministry of Education College of Physics Jilin University Changchun China Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States Institute of Molecular Engineering Plus College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing China School of Physics Nankai University Tianjin China Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai China Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States School of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou215123 China International Center of Future Science Jilin University Changchun China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States Center for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia Suzhou Lab Suzhou215123 China

Amorphous multi-element materials offer unprecedented tunability in composition and properties, yet their rational design remains challenging due to the lack of predictive structure-property relationships and the vast configurational space. Traditional modeling struggles to capture the intricate short-range order that dictates their stability and functionality. We here introduce ApolloX, a pioneering predictive framework for amorphous multi-element materials, establishing a new paradigm by integrating physics-informed generative modeling with particle swarm optimization, using chemical short-range order as an explicit constraint. By systematically navigating the disordered energy landscape, ApolloX enables the targeted design of thermodynamically stable amorphous configurations. It accurately predicts atomic-scale arrangements, including composition-driven metal clustering and amorphization trends, which are well-validated by experiments, while also guiding synthesis by leveraging sluggish diffusion to control elemental distribution and disorder. The resulting structural evolution, governed by composition, directly impacts catalytic performance, leading to improved activity and stability with increasing amorphization. This predictive-experimental synergy transforms the discovery of amorphous materials, unlocking new frontiers in catalysis, energy storage, and functional disordered systems. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Amorphization

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Fabrication of Uniform Biodegradable Microcages with Predesigned Shape Printed from Microarrays for Sustained Release of Small Hydrophilic Molecules

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhang, Jiaxin Sun, Rui Kudryavtseva, Valeriya Gould, David J. Sukhorukov, Gleb B. School of Engineering and Material Science Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Centre for Oral Bioengineering Bart’s and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London Turner Street LondonE1 2AD United Kingdom Biochemical Pharmacology William Harvey Research Institute Queen Mary University of London LondonEC1M 6BQ United Kingdom Center Moscow143025 Russia

Drug delivery vehicles have aroused increasing attention over the years due to their ability to protect and control the release of encapsulated cargo. However, several challenges significantly limit their wide applications including poor size distribution, undesignable size and shape, and leakage of loaded small hydrophilic cargos. This work introduces a novel and scalable microarray-based printing technique for preparing uniform biodegradable "microcages" with predesigned shapes for encapsulating and controlling the release of small hydrophilic molecules. The drugs encapsulated in the unique "microcage" are centrally located within solid microparticles without being exposed to the surface or dispersed throughout the polymer matrix, ensuring prolonged release. Here, 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (CF) as a small and hydrophilic model drug are successfully loaded into polylactide acid (PLA) microcages with the dry loading method. Additionally, blending polycaprolactone (PCL) with PLA increases the permeability of the microcage polymer shells, enabling controlled release behaviours. A higher PCL content results in a faster release rate of the encapsulated drug. Approximately 30 pg of CF particles can be encapsulated within individual microcages of 14 μm size, and this capacity is adjustable for different microcage sizes and shapes. This demonstrates that biodegradable microcages printed from microarrays can achieve highly efficient encapsulation. The microarray-based biodegradable microcage printing technique is a novel and facile method for scalable production of microcages with versatile encapsulating capabilities and diverse, designable shapes, potentially broadening the applicability of drug delivery vehicles, particularly in biomedical fields. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Targeted drug delivery

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Influence of Recycled Glass on Strength Development of Alkali-Activated High-Calcium Fly Ash Mortar

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Advances in materials science and engineering 2023年第1期2023卷

作者： Damrongwiriyanupap, Nattapong Wongchairattana, Sangsan Phoo-Ngernkham, Tanakorn Petcherdchoo, Aruz Limkatanyu, Suchart Chindaprasirt, Prinya Civil Engineering Program School of Engineering University of Phayao Mae Ka Phayao56000 Thailand Sustainable Construction Material Technology Research Unit Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Nakhon Ratchasima30000 Thailand Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok10800 Thailand Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkla90112 Thailand Sustainable Infrastructure Research and Development Center Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen40002 Thailand Academy of Science The Royal Society of Thailand Dusit Bangkok10300 Thailand

This article presents the development of green and sustainable mortars using alkali-activated high-calcium fly ash (AAFA) and recycled glass (RG) as part of the fine aggregate. RG was used to replace river sand at dosages of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% by weight. Sodium hydroxide (SH) and sodium silicate (SS) solutions were used as liquid alkaline activators in all mixtures. The AAFA samples were prepared with different liquid-to-binder ratios of 0.6 and 0.7, and the ratio of SS-to-SH was fixed at 2.0. Compressive and flexural strengths were determined at the ages of 7, 28, and 60 days. Test results showed that the compressive and flexural strengths of AAFA mortars declined as RG replacement increased;nevertheless, they increased with curing time. The high Na2O concentration derived from RG and the weak interfacial transition zone of RG are reasons for the decrease in strength development. The optimum percentage replacement of fine aggregates with RG was found at 25%. The 28-day compressive strength of AAFA with 25% RG was 32.5 MPa for L/B ratios of 0.6 and 29.5 MPa for L/B ratios of 0.7, which resulted in a strength index higher than 75% while releasing low CO2. © 2023 Nattapong Damrongwiriyanupap et al.

关键词： Mortar

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Preparation of a New Hybrid Mgalldh@Magnetite Activated Charcoal by Hydrothermal Method for Stability and Adsorption Mechanism of Congo Red

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Ahmad, Nur Kameda, Tomohito Rahman, Mir Tamzid Rahman, Farzana Lesbani, Aldes Graduate School of Mathematics and Natural Science FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya Sumatera Selatan Palembang30139 Indonesia Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Complexes Universitas Sriwijaya Sumatera Selatan Palembang30139 Indonesia Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku University 6-6-20 Aoba Aramaki Aobaku Sendai980-8579 Japan Department of Chemistry Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Savar1342 Bangladesh Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering Daffodil International University Birulia1216 Bangladesh Master Program of Material Science Graduate School of Universitas Sriwijaya Sumatera Selatan Palembang30139 Indonesia

Background The removal of hazardous dyes from water by magnetic adsorbents has received significant interest due to their low cost and ease of separation from the solution phase. This study explores the efficacy of a novel hybrid adsorbent, magnetite and activated charcoal-modified MgAl layered double hydroxide (MgAlLDH@MAC), for removing congo red (CR) from aqueous solutions. Methods MgAlLDH@MAC was successfully prepared via a co-precipitation to hydrothermal method and characterized using FE-SEM, FE-STEM, VSM, BET, XRD, FTIR, XPS, and HPLC analysis. Significant findings The incorporation of magnetite and activated charcoal was successful, resulting in excellent adsorption performance for CR and easy separation from the solution due to its magnetic properties. The adsorbent achieved a maximum adsorption capacity of 625 mg/g, which is in line with the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Moreover, the adsorbent demonstrated excellent stability and reusability, retaining 91.78% efficiency after five adsorption-desorption. This study offers a fresh viewpoint on creating high-performance LDH adsorbents that remove dyes quickly and effectively using carbon and magnetite materials. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetite

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Bulk Defect-Induced Phase Transition Assisting High-Flux Magnesium Ions Intercalation in Manganese Tetroxide

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Ding, Yaxi Zhang, Siwen Bat-Erdene, Munkhjargal Li, Jiazhuo Sun, Ying Li, Mudi Li, Hui Liu, Minghui Zhang, Yongwei Ge, Hao Zhao, Guoqiang Yu, Zhigen Yin, Bosi Ma, Tianyi Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Material College of Chemistry Liaoning University Shenyang110036 China School of Science RMIT University MelbourneVIC3000 Australia 1 Fusionopolis Way #16-16 Connexis Singapore138632 Singapore Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St LuciaQLD4072 Australia College of Energy and Environment Shenyang Aerospace University Shenyang110136 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China

Manganese tetroxide with bulk cation-anion dual defects (CADDs-Mn3O4) is constructed for the first time by a facile hydrothermal reduction method. The as-prepared electrode exhibits a high discharge capacity of 320.93 mAh g-1. Coupled with the activated carbon anodes in a full-cell configuration, aqueous magnesium ion capacitors display an energy density of 128.39 Wh/kg (85% retention, 6000 cycles). This outstanding performance can be attributed to the unique bulk cation-anion dual defects, in which the manganese cation defects reduce the band gap and increase the electrical conductivity of the electrodes, while the oxygen anion defects change the spin state of the electron and weaken the bonding energy of Mg-O. As a result, a metastable region is created, which not only promotes the transition of Mn3O4 to layered MnO2, but also breaks the constraint of the spinel structure on the insertion of divalent magnesium ions. Moreover, this dual-defect optimized electrode can promote the migration of magnesium ions in the bulk phase with phase transitions in a large flux. This work provides a detailed understanding of the structure-function relationship based on the introduction of cation-anion dual defects, and thus opens up new pathways for modifying energy storage materials. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Defects

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