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Implementation of expert systems in potassium deficiency in cocoa plants using forward chaining method

Procedia Computer Science 2023年 216卷 136-143页

作者： Muhammad Titan Hafizal Dian Pratama Putra Herry Wirianata Nanda Satya Nugraha Teddy Suparyanto Alam Ahmad Hidayat Bens Pardamean Faculty of Forestry STIPER Institute of Agriculture Yogyakarta 55282 Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta 11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta 11480 Indonesia

As one of the largest exporters in the world, cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) production in Indonesia provides an important contribution to the plantation sector that can, directly and indirectly, attribute to the national economic development. However, recent data shows a decline in cocoa productivity in Indonesia. This is arguably caused by various factors, including poor agricultural management and practices in cocoa plantations, that may lead to lower fertility in the soil and an increased risk of diseases and pests. Potassium deficiency is a major contributing factor to the low soil fertility that affects cocoa yields. Therefore, in this work, we implement an application with an expert system utilizing the forward chaining method to detect potassium deficiency in cocoa plants and then give a fertilization-based recommendation based on the plants’ condition. The system employs a set of rules to identify symptoms related to the deficiency on the sample photo of a cocoa leaf according to the channels of red, green, and blue of the image. The sample images of cocoa leaves are submitted to the application with an easy-to-use interface that can show the scanning result and proceed to display the suggested quantity of fertilizers to prevent potassium deficiency. Implementing the system can contribute constructive impacts to improve current practices in the overall cropping system of cocoa plants.

关键词： agriculture cocoa expert system forward chaining recommendation system

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bioinformatics exploration into potential mechanisms of Calamus draco for colorectal cancer treatment

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Procedia Computer Science 2024年 245卷 127-136页

作者： Christian Kenneth Rudi Nirwantono Bens Pardamean Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Biotechnology Department Faculty of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program – Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480

As one of the cancer types with the highest incidence rates, colorectal cancer (CRC) would benefit from treatments with fewer side effects and reduced treatment-resistant potential. One of the options is to harness the anti-CRC potential of natural products. Previous studies have shown that Calamus draco exudate, dragon's blood, has anticancer activity in liver cancer and acute myeloid leukemia, but its bioactivity has not been studied in CRC. Here we conduct a bioinformatics study based on network pharmacology to explore the anti-CRC potential and mechanism of C. draco -derived compounds. The bioinformatics pipeline is composed of compound and target collection, biological network evaluation, and enrichment analysis. We found that there are 43 bioactive compounds from C. draco targeting 91 CRC-related targets, of which most compounds target MEN1, PTGS2, and IDH1. Further analyses show that the targets of C. draco are involved in the cellular response to hypoxia. By inhibiting those targets, C. draco bioactive compounds can potentially hinder angiogenesis and increase treatment response efficacy.

关键词： bioinformatics network pharmacology Calamus draco colorectal cancer drug discovery

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Automatic question generation for bahasa indonesia examination using copynet

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Procedia Computer Science 2024年 245卷 953-962页

作者： Matthew Martianus Henry Gregorius Natanael Elwirehardja Bens Pardamean Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Computer Science Department School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480

In educational institutions, an educator is responsible for assessing the student's knowledge grasp through examination. Creating exam questions, even the low-level factoid questions, is time-consuming, especially for inexperienced educators. Therefore, this study aims to create a sequence-to-sequence model using CopyNet by exploiting its copying mechanism advantage to automatically generate Bahasa Indonesia factoid questions to ease the educator's burden. Indonesian records in the TyDi QA dataset are used as the model input. GRU and Bi-GRU are employed as the CopyNet encoder, while LSTM is used as the CopyNet decoder. The model that utilizes GRU as the encoder achieves BLEU1, BLEU2, BLEU3, BLEU4, and ROUGE-L scores of 0.28, 0.19, 0.14, 0.1, and 0.32, respectively. Bi-GRU utilization as the model encoder achieves BLEU1, BLEU2, BLEU3, BLEU4, and ROUGE-L scores of 0.26, 0.17, 0.12, 0.09, and 0.30, respectively. Models using either encoder still achieve low scores. However, compared with the previous work, the result is still on par regarding the BLEU score. Further examination found that the generated questions do not adhere to semantic and syntactical correctness. Adding more records to the dataset and utilizing a more advanced architecture like CopyBERT are encouraged to improve the model performance in future work. Despite the result, this study has shown that CopyNet, primarily designed for text summarization or single-turn dialogue, can be tailored for factoid question generation.

关键词： Automatic question generation Bahasa Indonesia Copying mechanism Natural language generation Sequence-to-sequence

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Less is More: Reducing Overfitting in Deep Learning for EEG Classification 50

Less is More: Reducing Overfitting in Deep Learning for EEG ...

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50th Computing in Cardiology, CinC 2023

作者： Zhou, Songchi Geng, Shijia Li, Jun Zhang, Deyun Xie, Ziqian Cheng, Chuandong Hong, Shenda Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Shanghai China HeartVoice Medical Technology Hefei China College of Electronic Science and Engineering Jilin University Changchun China University of Texas Health Science Center HoustonTX United States The First Affiliated Hospital of Ustc Department of Neurosurgery Hefei China National Institute of Health Data Science Peking University Beijing China Institute of Medical Technology Health Science Center of Peking University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382525

Although most of the patients' recordings includes large scale long-term physiological time series, the patient-level quantity is relatively small, posing great challenges for machine learning methods. As part of the George B. Moody PhysioNet Challenge 2023, we aim to propose a series of Reducing Overfitting techniques in Deep learning for EEG (coined as RODE) in this scenario, for neurological recovery prognosis. RODE is a simple yet effective machine-learning method, which is mostly powered by generalizable deep-learning features. Specifically, we first pre-train a convolutional neural network on the segment level with a margin-based and mining-based loss, and extract deep features from it. Then we decrease the deep features' complexity using dimensionality reduction methods, which prove to be quite significant for reducing overfitting in deep learning. Finally, we combine the reduced features with static features in patient level, and put them into an ensemble model for classification. Our team, PKU_NIHDS, receives a Challenge score of 0.821 on the hidden validation set and 0.708 on the hidden test set. © 2023 CinC.

关键词： Deep learning

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Deep learning for oil palm fruit ripeness classification with densenet 6

Deep learning for oil palm fruit ripeness classification wit...

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6th International Conference on Information Management and Technology, ICIMTech 2021

作者： Herman, Herman Cenggoro, Tjeng Wawan Susanto, Albert Pardamean, Bens Bina Nusantara University BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University School of Computer Science Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Program Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665449373

Oil palm fruit farming is one of the most leading agriculture industries in the South East Asia region. Unfortunately, most of the harvesting method is still done through manual labor. Multiple research has been conducted to help farmers automatically detect the ripeness level of the oil palm fruit. We conducted an experiment of detecting the ripeness level of oil palm fruit by using one of the state-of-the-art computer vision approaches, which was deep learning with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The dataset used consists of 7 levels of ripeness with 400 images of oil palm fruits. The models used in this test scenario were both AlexNet and DenseNet. The result of this study showed that DenseNet has been proven to outperform AlexNet by 8.5% in terms of accuracy and 8% in F1 score. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Computer vision

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Meta-Posterior Consistency for the Bayesian Inference of Metastable Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Adams, Zachary P. Mukherjee, Sayan Freie Universität Berlin Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence Universität Liepzig Germany Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence Department of Computer Science Universität Liepzig Germany Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Natural Sciences Duke University Departments of Statistical Science Mathematics Computer Science and Biostatistics & Bioinformatics United States

The vast majority of the literature on learning dynamical systems or stochastic processes from time series has focused on stable or ergodic systems, for both Bayesian and frequentist inference procedures. However, most real-world systems are only metastable, that is, the dynamics appear to be stable on some time scale, but are in fact unstable over longer time scales. Consistency of inference for metastable systems may not be possible, but one can ask about metaconsistency: Do inference procedures converge when observations are taken over a large but finite time interval, but diverge on longer time scales? In this paper we introduce, discuss, and quantify metaconsistency in a Bayesian framework. We discuss how metaconsistency can be exploited to efficiently infer a model for a sub-system of a larger system, where inference on the global behavior may require much more data. We also discuss the relation between metaconsistency and the spectral properties of the model dynamical system in the case of uniformly ergodic *** Codes 62F15, 60J70 © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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IoT for Water Quality Categorization 5

IoT for Water Quality Categorization

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5th International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent Systems, ICORIS 2023

作者： Sastrohartono, Hermantoro Krisdiarto, Andreas Wahyu Uktoro, Arief Ika Rahutomo, Reza Suparyanto, Teddy Pardamean, Bens Institute of Agriculture Stiper Faculty of Agricultural Technology Agricultural Engineering Department Yogyakarta Indonesia Bina Nusantara University School of Information Systems Information System Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Bioinformatics & Data Science Research Center Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program Master of Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369489

In agricultural water research, the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has emerged as a pivotal approach for large-scale data collection. Water availability in the context of water quality is very important, both for domestic and industrial purposes. For domestic purposes, drinking water and bathing water are separated. Meanwhile, for the palm oil industry, boiler filler is differentiated from additional process water (dilution water). Water quality parameters can be assessed from turbidity and Total Dissolve Solid (TDS). Measurements using measuring instruments separately and repeatedly require significant energy, time, and costs. This research was conducted with the primary objective of presenting a novel method for categorizing water quality with the approach of IoT sensor technology. The research methodology entailed the utilization of an integrated IoT water sensors system in conjunction with manual water categorization. The methods consist of (1) system design, (2) design and installation of sensor and IoT-based microcontrollers, and (3) accuracy and precision testing compared with laboratory measurements. The precision of the integrated IoT water sensors was assessed through a dedicated sensor precision test, resulting in an accuracy rate of 94.4% for the turbidity sensor and 97.5% for the TDS sensor. Notably, this approach successfully discriminated drinking water with valid categorization, while other water types, including groundwater, water with tea, and water with coffee, yielded null categorization results. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Internet of things

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A review: data pre-processing techniques used for diabetes prediction

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Procedia Computer Science 2024年 245卷 667-676页

作者： Mahmud Isnan Gregorius Natanael Elwirehardja Bens Pardamean Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta 11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta 11480 Indonesia Cmputer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program – Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta 11480 Indonesia

When processing datasets in diabetes classification, common problems included a large number of missing values, outliers, and dataset imbalance. To deal with those issues, this study analyzed 18 studies on diabetes classification with machine learning algorithms over the past 5 years. This revealed the important role of data pre-processing in creating effective classification models, as it was found that by using different data pre-processing techniques, the same model can provide different performance. The study identified K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and support vector machine (SVM) as superior methods for filling in missing values, achieving an accuracy of 98.49% and 94.89%, respectively. These approaches outperformed traditional methods such as median or mean replacement. However, the challenge of imbalanced data sets remains in all studies reviewed. The common evaluation metrics used to evaluate the created models in previous studies included accuracy, precision, specificity, sensitivity/recall, and F1 Score. Overall, this review showed that the role of data pre-processing is no less important than algorithm selection to improve the performance of machine learning models in diabetes classification.

关键词： Diabetes Classification data Pre-Processing Machine Learning Imbalanced dataset

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Bayesian Machine Learning for Estimating Optimal Dynamic Treatment Regimes with Ordinal Outcomes

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Xinru Chakraborty, Tanujit Chakraborty, Bibhas Centre for Quantitative Medicine Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore School of Data Science and Engineering Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Sorbonne Center For Artificial Intelligence Sorbonne University Paris France Department of Statistics and Data Science National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Duke University Durham United States

Dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) are sequences of decision rules designed to tailor treatment based on patients’ treatment history and evolving disease status. Ordinal outcomes frequently serve as primary endpoints in clinical trials and observational studies. However, constructing optimal DTRs for ordinal outcomes has been underexplored. This paper introduces a Bayesian machine learning (BML) framework to handle ordinal outcomes in the DTR setting. To deal with potential nonlinear associations between outcomes and predictors, we first introduce ordinal Bayesian additive regression trees (OBART), a new model that integrates the latent variable framework within the traditional Bayesian additive regression trees (BART). We then incorporate OBART into the BML to estimate optimal DTRs based on ordinal data and quantify the associated uncertainties. Extensive simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach against existing methods. We demonstrate the application of the proposed approach using data from a smoking cessation trial and provide the OBART R package along with R code for implementation. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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ROSE: Robust Selective Fine-tuning for Pre-trained Language Models

ROSE: Robust Selective Fine-tuning for Pre-trained Language ...

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2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2022

作者： Jiang, Lan Zhou, Hao Lin, Yankai Li, Peng Zhou, Jie Jiang, Rui MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology Department of Automation BNRist Tsinghua University China Pattern Recognition Center WeChat AI Tencent Inc. China Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence Renmin University of China Beijing China Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Management and Analysis Methods Beijing China Tsinghua University China

Even though the large-scale language models have achieved excellent performances, they suffer from various adversarial attacks. A large body of defense methods has been proposed. However, they are still limited due to redundant attack search spaces and the inability to defend against various types of attacks. In this work, we present a novel fine-tuning approach called RObust SEletive fine-tuning (ROSE) to address this issue. ROSE conducts selective updates when adapting pre-trained models to downstream tasks, filtering out invaluable and unrobust updates of parameters. Specifically, we propose two strategies: the first-order and second-order ROSE for selecting target robust parameters. The experimental results show that ROSE achieves significant improvements in adversarial robustness on various downstream NLP tasks, and the ensemble method even surpasses both variants above. Furthermore, ROSE can be easily incorporated into existing fine-tuning methods to improve their adversarial robustness further. The empirical analysis confirms that ROSE eliminates unrobust spurious updates during fine-tuning, leading to solutions corresponding to flatter and wider optima than the conventional method. Code is available at https://***/jiangllan/ROSE. © 2022 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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