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9th International Conference on Computer science and Computational Intelligence, ICCSCI 2024

作者： Heryanto, Nur Adhianti Isnan, Mahmud Henry, Matthew Martianus Pardamean, Bens Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

Segmentation is manually performed by physicians, which takes considerable time and may be subject to observers. Automating this task can increase efficiency and consistency. Existing studies on meningioma segmentation used data from limited study centers, indicating the need for research on multi-center data to assess generalizability. In this work, two semi-automated methods with bounding box priors, LiteMedSAM and BBU-Net, are evaluated on the brain tumor segmentation (BraTS) 2023 meningioma dataset collected from five study-centers. Preprocessing included exclusion of small tumors, z-score normalization, and extraction of slices that contain tumors, generating 25,602 2D axial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. A fine-tuning strategy is adopted for LiteMedSAM while BBU-Net is trained from scratch. The models are evaluated using a five-fold cross-validation, with data split at the case level. Results show that while U-Net models can achieve performance close to LiteMedSAM, the foundation model has overall better performance, with more than 90% in all evaluation scores. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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LDA Topic Modeling for bioinformatics Terms in arXiv Documents 9th

LDA Topic Modeling for Bioinformatics Terms in arXiv Documen...

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9th International Conference on Computer science and Computational Intelligence, ICCSCI 2024

作者： Karnyoto, Andrea Stevens Henry, Matthew Martianus Pardamean, Bens Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

A wide variety of disciplines contribute to bioinformatics research, including computer science, biology, chemistry, mathematics, and physics. This study determines the number of research articles published on arXiv classified as bioinformatics topics and the most frequently used bioinformatics terms using topic modeling, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). An algorithm based on LDA is used to discover topics hidden within large collections of documents through the use of statistical analysis. Our research examined 226453 articles on arXiv between January 2023 and January 2024. As a result, there are more than 10521 articles categorized into bioinformatics topics. Most commonly, 6352 documents are in the "Mathematical Physics" category. The second most popular category is "Computer science," with 2950 documents. Accordingly, the terms 'RNA,' 'sequence,' 'tree,' and 'homology' are the three most commonly used terms in bioinformatics. The study of RNA plays a vital role in molecular biology;thus, the study of RNA is prevalent in bioinformatics. Sequential data refer to the order in which nucleotides or amino acids can be found in a DNA molecule or a protein. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： arXiv bioinformatics Latent Dirichlet Allocation

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Evaluating the Effectiveness of Transformer Models for Molecular Property Prediction: A Review 9

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Transformer Models for Molec...

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9th International Conference on Information Technology and Digital Applications, ICITDA 2024

作者： Imani, Alyssa Pardamean, Bens Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Binus Graduate Program Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Departement Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510732

Transformer models, originally successful in natural language processing, are now being applied to chemical and biological studies, excelling in areas such as molecular property prediction, material science, and drug discovery. BERT, a Transformer-based model, has become foundational in cheminformatics, particularly for QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship) modeling and ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) evaluations in drug discovery. However, achieving higher accuracy often requires designing more complex models, which can compromise their interpretability. This posing a challenge for researchers who need to understand the reasoning behind the predictions. The trade-off between accuracy and interpretability presents a critical challenge in applying black box models to real-world problems in cheminformatics. This work compares Transformer-based models with traditional machine learning and deep learning approaches, focusing on both interpretability and performance. The goal is to highlight the strengths and limitations of each method, offering insights into their optimal use in drug discovery and material science. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Prediction models

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Knowledge Graph-Enhanced Semantic Cache for Low-Latency and Cost-Effective Inference in Large Language Models 9

Knowledge Graph-Enhanced Semantic Cache for Low-Latency and ...

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9th International Conference on Information Management and Technology, ICIMTech 2024

作者： Dominic, Nicholas Pardamean, Bens Bina Nusantara University Bioinformatics & Data Science Research Center Jakarta11480 Indonesia BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350390025

In organizational knowledge management, Large Language Model (LLM) caches act as a semantic repository gathered from previous LLM responses. Due to intensive calls from multiple users, LLM may suffer from high inference latency. While there are many prior available approaches to solve this problem, most of them are inherently complex. This paper introduced a Knowledge Graph-enhanced Semantic Cache mechanism as an alternative, lightweight technique to boost retrieval for similar prompts. The latest state-of-the-art open-source LLM, named Google's Gemma-2B-it, was used to generate sample prompts and responses as a draft, while a knowledge graph (KG) was built from Wikipedia sentences. To create embeddings of prompts and KG, all-MiniLM-L6-v2 from SentenceTransformer was used. This new cache system resulted in up to 28% improvement over a standard model. In particular, reinforcement with KG cache embeddings yielded more than 85% semantic cache accuracy. To map the next trajectory of this pilot study, an overview of the extended framework for LLM knowledge management was also presented in this paper. The framework includes the new KG- enhanced cache system equipped with scalable security and fallback mechanisms that can promote green technology through substantial improvements in latency, throughput, and overall LLM costs. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Variational quantum neural network with optimized ansatz for predicting malignant ventricular arrhythmias 9th

Variational quantum neural network with optimized ansatz for...

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9th International Conference on Computer science and Computational Intelligence, ICCSCI 2024

作者： Dominic, Nicholas Pardamean, Bens Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

Preventive strategies should be the utmost priority when dealing with diverse patients suffering from malignant ventricular arrhythmia (MVA) that can lead to sudden cardiac death (SCD). Electrocardiogram (ECG) data is commonly used as a predictor for MVA predictive models. In this study, all ECG signals from MIT-BIH databases were fragmented into five-minute durations with a frequency sampling of 128 Hz. To solve the absence of hybrid optimizations in Machine Learning (ML) models, a novel Variational Quantum Neural Network (VQNN) was invented. Empowered by deep learning capabilities and optimized quantum circuits design, VQNN achieved remarkable performances designated by an accuracy of up to 95.1%, a perfect 100% recall, and a 95.2% score of the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUC ROC) with Conjugate Gradient as an optimizer and EfficientSU2 as a quantum ansatz. Despite the susceptibility to quantum noise, this research settles a new trajectory of utilizing quantum variational algorithms to predict and expand its applicability for MVA cases. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Comprehensive Analysis of Ubiquitously Expressed Genes in Humans from A data-driven Perspective

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Genomics, Proteomics & bioinformatics 2023年第1期21卷 164-176页

作者： Jianlei Gu Jiawei Dai Hui Lu Hongyu Zhao SJTU-Yale Joint Center for Biostatistics and Data Science Department of Bioinformatics and BiostatisticsSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Center for Biomedical Informatics Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Big Data in Pediatric Precision MedicineShanghai Children’s HospitalShanghai 200040China Department of Biostatistics Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA

Comprehensive characterization of spatial and temporal gene expression patterns in humans is critical for uncovering the regulatory codes of the human genome and understanding the molecular mechanisms of human *** expressed genes(UEGs)refer to the genes expressed across a majority of,if not all,phenotypic and physiological conditions of an *** is known that many human genes are broadly expressed across ***,most previous UEG studies have only focused on providing a list of UEGs without capturing their global expression patterns,thus limiting the potential use of UEG *** this study,we proposed a novel data-driven framework to leverage the extensive collection of40,000 human transcriptomes to derive a list of UEGs and their corresponding global expression patterns,which offers a valuable resource to further characterize human *** results suggest that about half(12,234;49.01%)of the human genes are expressed in at least 80%of human transcriptomes,and the median size of the human transcriptome is 16,342 genes(65.44%).Through gene clustering,we identified a set of UEGs,named LoVarUEGs,which have stable expression across human transcriptomes and can be used as internal reference genes for expression *** further demonstrate the usefulness of this resource,we evaluated the global expression patterns for 16 previously predicted disallowed genes in islet beta cells and found that seven of these genes showed relatively more varied expression patterns,suggesting that the repression of these genes may not be unique to islet beta cells.

关键词： Ubiquitous expression Housekeeping gene Disallowed gene Expression specificity Expression variability

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On the Measurement of the Inductive Bias Impact in Convolutional Neural Networks Training for Single Image Super-Resolution 8

On the Measurement of the Inductive Bias Impact in Convoluti...

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8th International Conference on Computer science and Computational Intelligence, ICCSCI 2023

作者： Kwantawijaya, Aldrian Najoan, Daniel Stephanus Tamimmanar Cenggoro, Tjeng Wawan Computer Science Department School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

The performance of SISR models is currently growing at a rapid pace since the adoption of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) in the domain. Despite that, the understanding of the underlying factors of this rapid growth is still low. In this study, we proposed a study design to measure the impact of the inductive bias in CNN on its training performance, which is one of the factors of the excellent performance of CNN in SISR. With this study design, we observed that not all CNN has a supportive inductive bias to the training performance. This result can provide guidance to future research in choosing a suitable CNN architecture for optimal SISR performance. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Convolutional Neural Networks Deep Learning Inductive Bias Single-Image Super Resolution

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A Systematic Literature Review of CNN Approaches in Classifying Brain Tumor 6

A Systematic Literature Review of CNN Approaches in Classify...

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6th International Conference on Computer and Informatics Engineering, IC2IE 2023

作者： Paulindino, Aedentrisa Yasmanda Pardamean, Bens Elwirehardja, Gregorius Natanael Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345162

The ability of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to accurately discriminate between normal and tumorous brain tissues has been promising. The review focuses on the different CNN models, pre-processing methods, data augmentation, and Transfer Learning (TL) strategies used in this research. This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) collected the data from Google Scholar. The results of this study indicate that open-source datasets from Kaggle and Brain MRI Images for Brain Tumor Detection are the most used datasets. However, limited data and imbalanced class problems remain common challenges across various datasets. To overcome those challenges, using a larger dataset, oversampling, Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), federated learning, and Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) to handle the imbalance are the potential solution. Additionally, popular CNN architectures for brain tumor classification extensively use pre-trained models such as VGG16, VGG19, DenseNet121, DenseNet201, GoogleNet, ResNet-50, and Inception-v3. TL strategies are preferred, allowing CNNs to leverage knowledge from large datasets, improving generalization even with limited labeled data. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： brain tumor classification cnn mri pre-trained transfer learning

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Systematic Literature Review of Transformer Model Implementations in Detecting Depression 6

Systematic Literature Review of Transformer Model Implementa...

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6th International Conference on Computer and Informatics Engineering, IC2IE 2023

作者： Nanggala, Kenjovan Pardamean, Bens Elwirehardja, Gregorius Natanael Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345162

This systematic literature review explores the application of transformer models in early detection of human depression, encompassing text, audio, and video data modalities. Transformer architectures, notably BERT for text, have proven adept at capturing crucial contextual and linguistic patterns associated with depression. For audio and video data, hybrid approaches that combine transformer models with other architectures are prevalent. Key features considered include eye gaze, head pose, facial muscle movements, and audio characteristics such as MFCC and Log-mel Spectrogram, along with text embeddings. Performance comparisons underscore the superiority of text-based data in consistently delivering the most promising results, followed by audio and video modalities when utilizing transformer models. The fusion of multiple modalities emerges as an effective strategy for enhancing predictive accuracy, with the amalgamation of audio, video, and text data yielding the most precise outcomes. However, it is noteworthy that unimodal approaches also exhibit potential, with text data exhibiting superior performance over audio and video data. Nevertheless, several challenges persist in this research domain, including imbalanced datasets, the limited availability of comprehensive and diverse samples, and the inherent complexities in interpreting visual cues. Addressing these challenges remains imperative for the continued advancement of depression detection using transformer-based models across various modalities. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： deep learning major depressive disorder multimodal transformer unimodal

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A Systematic Literature Review of Deep Learning Application in Multiclass Anomaly Detection for Chest Medical Imaging 6

A Systematic Literature Review of Deep Learning Application ...

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6th International Conference on Computer and Informatics Engineering, IC2IE 2023

作者： Philips Pardamean, Bens Elwirehardja, Gregorius Natanael Isnan, Mahmud Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program - Master of Compuer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345162

Medical imaging abnormality detection is challenging, but deep learning approaches have shown promise. This paper reviews the current state of the art in deep learning approaches for detecting abnormalities in chest medical imaging. To discover the trends, opportunities, and challenges associated with this field, 18 studies were selected from Google Scholar based on their titles, abstracts, and contents for extensive review to answer two research questions. The study found that the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Chest X-ray 14 dataset is the most used dataset for this task. Most research uses a single-modal approach, considering only image data as input, with X-ray being the more popular instrument. There are 8 out of 18 studies leverage the transfer learning approach, with ResN et50 being the most popular network. MobileNetV2 has demonstrated competitive results compared to more robust networks. Preprocessing techniques such as image enhancement and data augmentation are leveraged by 61.1 % of the reviewed studies and are shown to improve model performance. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： abnormality detection attention mechanisms chest x-ray CT images deep learning transfer learning

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