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Precision enzyme discovery through targeted mining of metagenomic data

Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2024年第1期14卷 103-119页

作者： Shohreh Ariaeenejad Javad Gharechahi Mehdi Foroozandeh Shahraki Fereshteh Fallah Atanaki Jian-Lin Han Xue-Zhi Ding Falk Hildebrand Mohammad Bahram Kaveh Kavousi Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran(ABRII)Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization(AREEO)KarajIran Human Genetics Research Center Baqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics(CBB) Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics(IBB)University of TehranTehranIran Livestock Genetics Program International Livestock ResearchInstitute(ILRI)Nairobi00100Kenya CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory On Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing100193China Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Lanzhou730050China Gut Microbes and Health Quadram Institute BioscienceNorwichNorfolkUK Digital Biology Earlham InstituteNorwichNorfolkUK Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUlls Väg 1675651UppsalaSweden Department of Botany Institute of Ecology and Earth SciencesUniversity of Tartu40 Lai StTartuEstonia Faculty of Natural Sciences Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia

Metagenomics has opened new avenues for exploring the genetic potential of uncultured microorganisms,which may serve as promising sources of enzymes and natural products for industrial *** enzymes with improved catalytic properties from the vast amount of available metagenomic data poses a significant challenge that demands the development of novel computational and functional screening *** catalytic properties of all enzymes are primarily dictated by their structures,which are predominantly determined by their amino acid ***,this aspect has not been fully considered in the enzyme bioprospecting *** the accumulating number of available enzyme sequences and the increasing demand for discovering novel biocatalysts,structural and functional modeling can be employed to identify potential enzymes with novel catalytic *** efforts to discover new polysaccharide-degrading enzymes from rumen metagenome data using homology-based searches and machine learning-based models have shown significant ***,we will explore various computational approaches that can be employed to screen and shortlist metagenome-derived enzymes as potential biocatalyst candidates,in conjunction with the wet lab analytical methods traditionally used for enzyme characterization.

关键词： Metagenomics Enzyme bioprospecting Functional-based screening Sequence-based screening Protein structure prediction Natural products

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The Effect of Alfalfa on Subsurface Discharge and Nutrient Losses Mediated by Precipitation Characteristics and Antecedent Moisture Conditions

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Arrueta, Lourdes King, Kevin Hanrahan, Brittany Martin, Jay Kalcic, Margaret Environmental Science Graduate Program The Ohio State University 3138A Smith Lab 174 West 18th ColumbusOH43210 United States 590 Woody Hayes Dr. ColumbusOH43210 United States 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive RestonVA20192 United States Department of Food Agricultural and Biological Engineering 590 Woody Hayes Drive ColumbusOH43210 United States The Ohio State University Sustainability Institute 3018 Smith Lab 174 W. 18th Avenue ColumbusOH43210 United States Biological Systems Engineering Department University of Wisconsin-Madison 115 Agricultural Engineering Building 460 Henry Mall MadisonWI53706 United States

This study examines the effect of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loads in subsurface (tile) drainage across storm events using edge-of-field monitoring data from two sites (A and B) located in the northwest region of Ohio, USA. A k-median cluster analysis was used to classify 462 storm events at Site A and 684 storm events at Site B based on precipitation amount and wet antecedent moisture conditions (AMC). Patterns of nutrient loss in tile drainage were compared between fields with alfalfa and fields with cash and cover crops using a difference-in-differences analysis across three identified storm event types: Dry storm events (Site A: AMC25 mm, Site B: AMC>29 mm), and large storm events (Site A: precipitation amount>29 mm, Site B: precipitation amount>38 mm). Compared to the cash and cover crop rotations, alfalfa had the following effects on discharge and water quality: a reduction in subsurface discharge during large storm events at site B;reduced subsurface nitrate (NO3-N) and total N (TN) loads across all storm event types at Site A;reduced subsurface dissolved reactive P (DRP) and total P (TP) loads during large events at both sites. The impact of alfalfa during large storm events is particularly important given that most nutrient export occurs during these events. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Water quality

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Field Scale Simulation of Drainage Water Management Using Swat+: Analysis on the Model Performance, Intra Field Variability, Climate Variability, and Viability for Eastern South Dakota

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Sharma, Abhinav McDaniel, Rachel Mehan, Sushant Arnold, Jeff Trooien, Todd Sammons, Nancy Amegbletor, Louis Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering North Carolina State University RaleighNC27695 United States NOAA/NWS/OWP/National Water Center TuscaloosaAL35401 United States Biological Systems Engineering University of Wisconsin – Madison MadisonWI53706 United States Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory USDA-ARS TempleTX76502 United States Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering BrookingsSD57007 United States Environmental Systems Graduate Program University of California Merced MercedCA95343 United States

In this study, the autoDWM module developed to simulate Drainage Water Management (DWM) for the restructured version of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT+) was tested for a field site in eastern South Dakota. One half of the site was under DWM (eastern half), and the other (western half) was under conventional drainage. Next, multiple runs were used to quantify the impact of intra field, and climate variability on DWM performance, and discuss the applicability of DWM for the study region. SWAT+ produced satisfactory results for a daily time step simulation of tile flow during the model calibration period, 2016 and 2017 (East: NSE = 0.82, PBIAS = -26.8, RSR = 0.42;West: NSE = 0.75, PBIAS = -30.5, RSR = 0.5) and model validation period, 2018 (East: NSE = 0.71, PBIAS = -17, RSR = 0.55;West: NSE = 0.81, PBIAS = -4.6, RSR = 0.44). Results for the 10-year implementation period (2009 - 2018) showed that on average DWM resulted in a 6.5 mm annual tile flow reduction with an average deviation of ± 1.7 mm due to intra field variability. Precipitation had a profound effect on DWM performance during early summer months through the end of each cropping season. Conversely, temperature dominated tile flows during spring when snowmelt resulted in tile flow. Throughout the implementation period, annual tile flow reductions varied from -24 to +36 mm suggesting a combined effect of both precipitation and temperature. Overall, DWM resulted in a cumulative reduction of 63 lbs in N export from the field at an operational cost averaging $0.8 per pound N removed per year per acre. Results from the study successfully explored the variation in DWM performance on a field scale setup and is pivotal in spearheading the adoptability campaign by stakeholders and policymakers in the region. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Climate models

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Unveiling mitochondria as central components driving cognitive decline in alzheimer's disease through cross-transcriptomic analysis of hippocampus and entorhinal cortex microarray datasets

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Heliyon 2024年第20期10卷 e39378页

作者： Sonsungsan, Pajaree Aimauthon, Supatha Sriwichai, Nattawet Namchaiw, Poommaree Mathematics and Statistics School of Science Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand Center for Biologics Research and Development Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok Thailand Center for Agricultural Systems Biology Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (Bang Khun Thian) Bangkok Thailand Biological Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand Neuroscience Center for Research and Innovation Learning Institute King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by symptoms such as memory loss and impaired learning. This study conducted a cross-transcriptomic analysis of AD using existing microarray datasets from the hippocampus (HC) and entorhinal cortex (EC), comparing them with age-matched non-AD controls. Both of these brain regions are critical for learning and memory processing and are vulnerable areas that exhibit abnormalities in early AD. The cross-transcriptomic analysis identified 564 significantly differentially expressed genes in HC and 479 in EC. Among these, 151 genes were significantly differentially expressed in both tissues, with functions related to synaptic vesicle clustering, synaptic vesicle exocytosis/endocytosis, mitochondrial ATP synthesis, hydrogen ion transmembrane transport, and structural constituent of cytoskeleton, suggesting a potential association between cognitive decline in AD, synaptic vesicle dynamics, dysregulation of cytoskeleton organization, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Further gene ontology analysis specific to the HC revealed the gene ontology enrichment in aerobic respiration, synaptic vesicle cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. The enrichment analysis in CA1 of HC revealed differentiation in gene expression related to mitochondrial membrane functions involved in bioenergetics, mitochondrial electron transport, and biological processes associated with microtubule-based process, while analysis in the EC region showed enrichment in synaptic vesicle dynamics which is associated with neurotransmitter release and the regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential and synaptic transmission of GABAergic and glutamatergic synapse. Protein-protein interaction analysis highlighted central hub proteins predominantly expressed in mitochondria, involved in regulation of oxidative stress and ATP synthesis. These hub proteins interact not only within the mitochondria but also with proteins in the vesicular membra

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Cytoskeleton Microarray Mitochondria Synaptic vesicle

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agricultural All-Terrain Vehicle Safety: Hazard Control Methods Using the Haddon Matrix

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Journal of Agromedicine 2021年第4期26卷 420-435页

作者： Farzaneh Khorsandi Paul Ayers Gerene Denning Charles Jennissen Dee Jepsen Melvin Myers Stephen Oesch Michael Pate David J. White a Agricultural Safety and Health Engineering Assistant Specialist in Cooperative Extension Defpartment of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of California Davis b Professor Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science University of Tennessee Knoxville c Emeritus Research Scientist in Emergency Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine d MD Clinical Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Department of emergency medicine University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine e Associate Professor / State Agricultural Safety Leader Department of Food Agricultural and Biological Engineering agricultural safety and health program The Ohio State University f Associate Professor (Adjunct) Environmental Health Emory University Emory Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta Georgia g Retired highway and motor vehicle safety attorney h Associate Professor Applied Sciences Technology & Education Agricultural Systems Technology and Education program Utah State University i PhD Professor of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences College of Public Health and Human Sciences School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences and Extension 4-H Youth Development Oregon State University

ABSTRACTABSTRACTAll-terrain vehicle (ATV) crashes are one of the leading causes of death and injury in agriculture across the United States. Use of ATVs is highly prevalent in rural areas and has seen an increase in their application for a variety of agricultural work tasks. Empirical research on the use of these vehicles for agricultural tasks and associated injuries is limited, especially in the United States. Moreover, little is known about the risk factors associated with ATV-related injuries while doing farm work. A comprehensive review was conducted to evaluate the current injury burden of ATV use in agriculture, the need for future research, and possible solutions related to agricultural ATV safety. Potential injury prevention approaches are evaluated based on the hierarchy of control, including elimination or substitution (using side-by-side vehicles instead of ATVs or modifying ATV design), engineering control (operator protection devices), administrative authority (regulations and standards in the United States and around the world), training, and use of personal protective equipment. In addition, vehicle nomenclature, risk factors, and crash mechanisms are reviewed. Recommendations to decrease the likelihood of ATV crashes and injuries are provided.

关键词： Agriculture all-terrain vehicle ATV quad bike safety

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Corn fiber as a biomass feedstock for production of succinic acid

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Bioresource Technology Reports 2021年 16卷

作者： Vallecilla-Yepez, Lisbeth Ramchandran, Divya Long, Dianna Saha, Rajib Wilkins, Mark R. Department of Biological Systems Engineering University of Nebraska Lincoln NE68583 United States Complex Biosystems Program University of Nebraska Lincoln NE68588 United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Nebraska Lincoln NE68588 United States Department of Food Science and Technology University of Nebraska Lincoln NE68588 United States Industrial Agricultural Products Center University of Nebraska Lincoln NE68583 United States

The selection of an economical carbon source is a fundamental parameter to establish a successful industrial succinic acid (SA) bioprocess. In this work, corn fiber (CF), a renewable and an inexpensive source of carbohydrates, was successfully used for bioproduction of SA. Optimized liquid hot water (LHW) pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis were used to obtain corn fiber hydrolysate (CFH). Results in batch fermentation with Actinobacillus succinogenes showed that a control solution mimicking CFH produced 28.7 g/L of SA with a yield of 0.67 g SA/g sugars, while fermentation of CFH produced 27.8 g/L of SA with a yield of 0.61 g SA/g sugars. It was found that culture pH was a critical factor affecting SA production. In sodium acetate buffered media, SA was the major end-product with lower levels of acetic acid (AA) and formic acid (FA). When unbuffered media was used, lactic acid (LA) and ethanol were also detected. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Sugars

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Emerging contaminants:A One Health perspective

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The Innovation 2024年第4期5卷 140-170,139页

作者： Fang Wang Leilei Xiang Kelvin Sze-Yin Leung Martin Elsner Ying Zhang Yuming Guo Bo Pan Hongwen Sun Taicheng An Guangguo Ying Bryan WBrooks Deyi Hou Damian EHelbling Jianqiang Sun Hao Qiu Timothy MVogel Wei Zhang Yanzheng Gao Myrna JSimpson Yi Luo Scott XChang Guanyong Su Bryan MWong Tzung-May Fu Dong Zhu Karl JJobst Chengjun Ge Frederic Coulon Jean Damascene Harindintwali Xiankui Zeng Haijun Wang Yuhao Fu Zhong Wei Rainer Lohmann Changer Chen Yang Song Concepcion Sanchez-Cid Yu Wang Ali El-Naggar Yiming Yao Yanran Huang Japhet Cheuk-Fung Law Chenggang Gu Huizhong Shen Yanpeng Gao Chao Qin Hao Li Tong Zhang Natàlia Corcoll Min Liu Daniel SAlessi Hui Li Kristian KBrandt Yolanda Pico Cheng Gu Jianhua Guo Jianqiang Su Philippe Corvini Mao Ye Teresa Rocha-Santos Huan He Yi Yang Meiping Tong Weina Zhang Fidèle Suanon Ferdi Brahushi Zhenyu Wang Syed AHashsham Marko Virta Qingbin Yuan Gaofei Jiang Louis A.Tremblay Qingwei Bu Jichun Wu Willie Peijnenburg Edward Topp Xinde Cao Xin Jiang Minghui Zheng Taolin Zhang Yongming Luo Lizhong Zhu Xiangdong Li DamiàBarceló Jianmin Chen Baoshan Xing Wulf Amelung Zongwei Cai Ravi Naidu Qirong Shen Janusz Pawliszyn Yong-guan Zhu Andreas Schaeffer Matthias C.Rillig Fengchang Wu Gang Yu James M.Tiedje State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education Shenzhen Virtual University ParkShenzhenChina Technical University of Munich TUM School of Natural SciencesInstitute of Hydrochemistry85748 GarchingGermany School of Resources&Environment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Climate Air Quality Research UnitSchool of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Faculty of Environmental Science&Engineering Kunming University of Science&TechnologyKunming 650500China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringInstitute of Environmental Health and Pollution ControlGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry South China Normal UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510006China Department of Environmental Science Baylor UniversityWacoTXUSA Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research(CRASR) Baylor UniversityWacoTXUSA School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1UMR CNRS 5557UMR INRAE 1418VetAgro Sup69622 VilleurbanneFrance Department of Pla

Environmental pollution is escalating due to rapid global development that often prioritizes human needs over planetary *** global efforts to mitigate legacy pollutants,the continuous introduction of new substances remains a major threat to both people and the *** response,global initiatives are focusing on risk assessment and regulation of emerging contaminants,as demonstrated by the ongoing efforts to establish the UN’s Intergovernmental Science-Policy Panel on Chemicals,Waste,and Pollution *** review identifies the sources and impacts of emerging contaminants on planetary health,emphasizing the importance of adopting a One Health *** for monitoring and addressing these pollutants are discussed,underscoring the need for robust and socially equitable environmental policies at both regional and international *** actions are needed to transition toward sustainable pollution management practices to safeguard our planet for future generations.

关键词： pollution planet contaminants

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Author Correction: The high-dimensional space of human diseases built from diagnosis records and mapped to genetic loci

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Nature computational science 2023年第7期3卷 658页

作者： Gengjie Jia Yu Li Xue Zhong Kanix Wang Milton Pividori Rabab Alomairy Aniello Esposito Hatem Ltaief Chikashi Terao Masato Akiyama Koichi Matsuda David E Keyes Hae Kyung Im Takashi Gojobori Yoichiro Kamatani Michiaki Kubo Nancy J Cox James Evans Xin Gao Andrey Rzhetsky Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen China. jiagengjie@***. Computational Bioscience Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia. Computer Science Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia. Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong People's Republic of China. Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt Genetics Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN US. Department of Medicine Institute of Genomics and Systems Biology Committee on Genomics Genetics and Systems Biology University of Chicago Chicago IL US. Department of Operations Business Analytics and Information Systems University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH US. Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA US. Extreme Computing Research Center Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia. College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Jeddah Jeddah Saudi Arabia. HPE HPC/AI EMEA Research Laboratory Bristol UK. RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Japan. Clinical Research Center Shizuoka General Hospital Shizuoka Japan. Department of Applied Genetics The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Shizuoka Shizuoka Japan. Department of Ophthalmology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan. Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan. Biological and Environmenta

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Fungal diversity notes 1387-1511:taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa

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Fungal Diversity 2021年第6期111卷 1-335页

作者： Saranyaphat Boonmee Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Mark S.Calabon Naruemon Huanraluek Sajini K.U.Chandrasiri Gareth E.B.Jones Walter Rossi Marco Leonardi Sanjay K.Singh Shiwali Rana Paras N.Singh Deepak K.Maurya Ajay C.Lagashetti Deepika Choudhary Yu-Cheng Dai Chang-Lin Zhao Yan-Hong Mu Hai-Sheng Yuan Shuang-Hui He Rungtiwa Phookamsak Hong-Bo Jiang María P.Martín Margarita Dueñas MTeresa Telleria Izabela L.Kałucka Andrzej M.Jagodziński Kare Liimatainen Diana S.Pereira Alan J.L.Phillips Nakarin Suwannarach Jaturong Kumla Surapong Khuna Saisamorn Lumyong Tarynn B.Potter Roger G.Shivas Adam H.Sparks Niloofar Vaghefi Mohamed A.Abdel-Wahab Faten A.Abdel-Aziz Guo-Jie Li Wen-Fei Lin Upendra Singh Rajendra P.Bhatt Hyang Burm Lee Thuong T.T.Nguyen Paul M.Kirk Arun Kumar Dutta Krishnendu Acharya VVenkateswara Sarma M.Niranjan Kunhiraman C.Rajeshkumar Nikhil Ashtekar Sneha Lad Nalin N.Wijayawardene Darbe J.Bhat Rong-Ju Xu Subodini N.Wijesinghe Hong-Wei Shen Zong-Long Luo Jing-Yi Zhang Phongeun Sysouphanthong Naritsada Thongklang Dan-Feng Bao Janith V.S.Aluthmuhandiram Jafar Abdollahzadeh Alireza Javadi Francesco Dovana Muhammad Usman Abdul Nasir Khalid Asha J.Dissanayake Anusha Telagathoti Maraike Probst Ursula Peintner Isaac Garrido-Benavent Lilla Bóna Zsolt Merényi Lajos Boros Bratek Zoltán JBenjamin Stielow Ning Jiang Cheng-Ming Tian Esmaeil Shams Farzaneh Dehghanizadeh Adel Pordel Mohammad Javan-Nikkhah Teodor T.Denchev Cvetomir M.Denchev Martin Kemler Dominik Begerow Chun-Ying Deng Emma Harrower Tohir Bozorov Tutigul Kholmuradova Yusufjon Gafforov Aziz Abdurazakov Jian-Chu Xu Peter E.Mortimer Guang-Cong Ren Rajesh Jeewon Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Chayanard Phukhamsakda Ausana Mapook Kevin D.Hyde Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia(KLPB) Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China CIFOR-ICRAF China Program World Agroforestry(ICRAF)Kunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Honghe Center for Mountain Futures Kunming Institute of BotanyHonghe CountyKunming 654400YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Section Environmental Sciences Department MeSVAUniversity of L’Aquila67100 CoppitoAQItaly National Fungal Culture Collection of India(NFCCI) Biodiversity and Palaeobiology GroupMACS Agharkar Research InstituteG.G.Agarkar RoadPune 411004India Institute of Microbiology School of Ecology and Nature ConservationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China College of Biodiversity Conservation Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224People’s Republic of China CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110164People’s Republic of China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China Centre for Mountain Futures(CMF) Kunming Institute of BotanyKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Mycology Real Jardín Botánico-CSICPlaza de Murillo 228014 MadridSpain Department of Algology and Mycology Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of LodzBanacha 12/1690-237ŁódźPoland Institute of Dendrology Polish Academy of SciencesParkowa 562-035 KórnikPoland Jodrell Laboratory Royal Botanic GardensKewRichmond TW93DSSurreyUK Faculdade de Ciências Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute(BioISI)Universidade de LisboaCampo Grande1749-016 LisbonPortugal Dep

This article is the 13th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series,wherein 125 taxa from four phyla,ten classes,31 orders,69 families,92 genera and three genera incertae sedis are treated,demonstrating worldwide and geographic *** taxa described and illustrated in the present study include three new genera,69 new species,one new com-bination,one reference specimen and 51 new records on new hosts and new geographical *** new genera,Cylindrotorula(Torulaceae),Scolecoleotia(Leotiales genus incertae sedis)and Xenovaginatispora(Lindomycetaceae)are introduced based on distinct phylogenetic lineages and unique *** described species are Aspergillus lan-naensis,Cercophora dulciaquae,Cladophialophora aquatica,Coprinellus punjabensis,Cortinarius alutarius,***-latus,***,Coryneum fagi,Cruentomycena uttarakhandina,Cryptocoryneum rosae,Cyathus uniperidiolus,Cylindrotorula indica,Diaporthe chamaeropicola,Didymella azollae,Diplodia alanphillipsii,Dothiora coronicola,Efibula rodriguezarmasiae,Erysiphe salicicola,Fusarium queenslandicum,Geastrum gorgonicum,***,Helicosporium sexualis,Helminthosporium chiangraiensis,Hongkongmyces kokensis,Hydrophilomyces hydraenae,Hygrocybe boertmannii,Hyphoderma australosetigerum,Hyphodontia yunnanensis,Khaleijomyces umikazeana,Laboulbenia divisa,Laboulbenia triarthronis,Laccaria populina,Lactarius pallidozonarius,Lepidosphaeria strobelii,Longipedicellata megafusiformis,Lophiotrema lincangensis,Marasmius benghalensis,***,***,Mariannaea camelliae,Mel-anographium smilaxii,Microbotryum polycnemoides,Mimeomyces digitatus,Minutisphaera thailandensis,Mortierella solitaria,Mucor harpali,Nigrograna jinghongensis,Odontia huanrenensis,***,Paraconiothyrium ajrekarii,Par-afuscosporella niloticus,Phaeocytostroma yomensis,Phaeoisaria synnematicus,Phanerochaete hainanensis,Pleopunctum thailandicum,Pleurotheciella dimorphospora,Pseudochaetosphaeronema

关键词： 72 new taxa One new combination One reference specimen 51 new records Agaricomycetes Ascomycota Bartheletiomycetes Basidiomycota Dothideomycetes Eurotiomycetes Exobasidiomycetes Laboulbeniomycetes Leotiomycetes Mortierellomycetes Mortierellomycota Mucoromycetes Mucoromycota Phylogeny Sordariomycetes Taxonomy

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Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts (Jul, 10.1038/s41559-021-01510-3, 2021)

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NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION 2021年第9期5卷 1319-1319页

作者： Shackelford, Nancy Paterno, Gustavo B. Winkler, Daniel E. Erickson, Todd E. Leger, Elizabeth A. Svejcar, Lauren N. Breed, Martin F. Faist, Akasha M. Harrison, Peter A. Curran, Michael F. Guo, Qinfeng Kirmer, Anita Law, Darin J. Mganga, Kevin Z. Munson, Seth M. Porensky, Lauren M. Quiroga, R. Emiliano Torok, Peter Wainwright, Claire E. Abdullahi, Ali Bahm, Matt A. Ballenger, Elizabeth A. Barger, Nichole Baughman, Owen W. Becker, Carina Lucas-Borja, Manuel Esteban Boyd, Chad S. Burton, Carla M. Burton, Philip J. Calleja, Eman Carrick, Peter J. Caruana, Alex Clements, Charlie D. Davies, Kirk W. Deak, Balazs Drake, Jessica Dullau, Sandra Eldridge, Joshua Espeland, Erin Farrell, Hannah L. Fick, Stephen E. Garbowski, Magda de la Riva, Enrique G. Golos, Peter J. Grey, Penelope A. Heydenrych, Barry Holmes, Patricia M. James, Jeremy J. Jonas-Bratten, Jayne Kiss, Reka Kramer, Andrea T. Larson, Julie E. Lorite, Juan Mayence, C. Ellery Merino-Martin, Luis Miglecz, Tamas Milton, Suanne Jane Monaco, Thomas A. Montalvo, Arlee M. Navarro-Cano, Jose A. Paschke, Mark W. Peri, Pablo Luis Pokorny, Monica L. Rinella, Matthew J. Saayman, Nelmarie Schantz, Merilynn C. Parkhurst, Tina Seabloom, Eric W. Stuble, Katharine L. Uselman, Shauna M. Valko, Orsolya Veblen, Kari Wilson, Scott Wong, Megan Xu, Zhiwei Suding, Katharine L. School of Environmental Studies University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management Restoration Ecology Research Group Technical University of Munich Freising Germany US Geological Survey Southwest Biological Science Center Moab UT USA School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia Kings Park Science Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Kings Park Western Australia Australia Department of Biology University of Nevada Reno Reno NV USA USDA Agricultural Research Service Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center Burns OR USA College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia Department of Animal and Range Sciences New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM USA School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia Program in Ecology University of Wyoming Laramie WY USA USDA FS – Southern Research Station Research Triangle Park NC USA Department of Nature Conservation and Landscape Planning Anhalt University of Applied Sciences Bernburg Germany School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA Department of Agricultural Sciences South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya US Geological Survey Southwest Biological Science Center Flagstaff AZ USA US Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service Rangeland Resources and Systems Research Unit Fort Collins CO USA Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Catamarca Catamarca Argentina Cátedra de Manejo de Pastizales Naturales Facultad de Cienci

Restoration of degraded drylands is urgently needed to mitigate climate change, reverse desertification and secure livelihoods for the two billion people who live in these areas. Bold global targets have been set for dryland restoration to restore millions of hectares of degraded land. These targets have been questioned as overly ambitious, but without a global evaluation of successes and failures it is impossible to gauge feasibility. Here we examine restoration seeding outcomes across 174 sites on six continents, encompassing 594,065 observations of 671 plant species. Our findings suggest reasons for optimism. Seeding had a positive impact on species presence: in almost a third of all treatments, 100% of species seeded were growing at first monitoring. However, dryland restoration is risky: 17% of projects failed, with no establishment of any seeded species, and consistent declines were found in seeded species as projects matured. Across projects, higher seeding rates and larger seed sizes resulted in a greater probability of recruitment, with further influences on species success including site aridity, taxonomic identity and species life form. Our findings suggest that investigations examining these predictive factors will yield more effective and informed restoration decision-making.

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