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ELIMÄKI Locus Is Required for Vertical Proprioceptive Response in Birch Trees

Current Biology 2020年第4期30卷 589-599.e5页

作者： Alonso-Serra, Juan Shi, Xueping Peaucelle, Alexis Rastas, Pasi Bourdon, Matthieu Immanen, Juha Takahashi, Junko Koivula, Hanna Eswaran, Gugan Muranen, Sampo Help, Hanna Smolander, Olli-Pekka Su, Chang Safronov, Omid Gerber, Lorenz Salojärvi, Jarkko Hagqvist, Risto Mähönen, Ari Pekka Helariutta, Ykä Nieminen, Kaisa Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences Viikki Plant Science Centre University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014 Finland Institute of Biotechnology HiLIFE University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014 Finland Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China Sainsbury Laboratory University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1LR United Kingdom Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA AgroParisTech CNRS Université Paris-Saclay Versailles 78000 France Production Systems Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) Helsinki 00790 Finland Umeå Plant Science Center Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Umeå 901 83 Sweden Department of Food and Nutrition Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014 Finland Department of Physics Division of Materials Sciences X-ray Laboratory University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014 Finland Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Science Tallinn University of Technology Tallinn Estonia Genome Institute of Singapore Singapore 138672 Singapore Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 63755 Singapore

Tree architecture has evolved to support a top-heavy above-ground biomass, but this integral feature poses a weight-induced challenge to trunk stability. Maintaining an upright stem is expected to require vertical proprioception through feedback between sensing stem weight and responding with radial growth. Despite its apparent importance, the principle by which plant stems respond to vertical loading forces remains largely unknown. Here, by manipulating the stem weight of downy birch (Betula pubescens) trees, we show that cambial development is modulated systemically along the stem. We carried out a genetic study on the underlying regulation by combining an accelerated birch flowering program with a recessive mutation at the ELIMÄKI locus (EKI), which causes a mechanically defective response to weight stimulus resulting in stem collapse after just 3 months. We observed delayed wood morphogenesis in eki compared with WT, along with a more mechanically elastic cambial zone and radial compression of xylem cell size, indicating that rapid tissue differentiation is critical for cambial growth under mechanical stress. Furthermore, the touch-induced mechanosensory pathway was transcriptionally misregulated in eki, indicating that the ELIMÄKI locus is required to integrate the weight-growth feedback regulation. By studying this birch mutant, we were able to dissect vertical proprioception from the gravitropic response associated with reaction wood formation. Our study provides evidence for both local and systemic responses to mechanical stimuli during secondary plant development. Alonso-Serra et al. use birch trees to explore vertical proprioception, the growth response of stems to changes in aerial body weight. They identify a genetic locus, which is required for this developmental response, and study the consequences of cambial growth under mechanical stress. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Betula forward genetics mechanosensing proprioception radial growth trees wood formation

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Using Leaves as a Model for Teaching Watershed Concepts in Natural Resources Science and engineering programs

Natural Sciences Education

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Natural Sciences Education 2017年第1期46卷 1-9页

作者： Anandhi, Aavudai Yang, Yang Hubenthal, Michael Dep. of Special Education Counseling and Student Affairs College of Education Kansas State Univ. Manhattan 66506 KS United States Biological Systems Engineering Florida Agricultural and Mechanical Univ. Tallahassee 32307 FL United States Education and Outreach Program Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Washington 20005 DC United States

Core Ideas: Watershed is an important concept in science and engineering of natural resources. Introducing watershed concept using a leaf that students see every day is novel. Using leaf analogy, watershed concept can be taught universally. This article examines the effects of using leaves, something most students see every day and have some familiarity with, as an analogy for the concept of watersheds in an undergraduate water resources engineering course. The ultimate goal of the leaf/watershed analogy and associated instruction is to increase students’ understanding of hydrology principles, which in turn may facilitate better watershed management through increased public awareness, increased adoption of appropriate best management practices, and improved policy decisions. The assessment was performed with junior and senior undergraduate students enrolled in a Water Resource engineering course. The assessment results showed that overall, students benefitted from the leaf analogy as a tool for learning watersheds. However, this effect varied depending on students’ learning style preferences. Copyright © 2017 by the American Society of Agronomy

关键词： watersheds foliage engineering calculating program college student Analogy Water Resources engineering Public awareness Students Water Resources Familiarity

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Nitrogen and phosphorus constrain the CO2 fertilization of global plant biomass (vol 21, pg 561, 2020)

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NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE 2020年第7期10卷 696-697页

作者： Terrer, Cesar Jackson, Robert B. Prentice, I. Colin Keenan, Trevor F. Kaiser, Christina Vicca, Sara Fisher, Joshua B. Reich, Peter B. Stocker, Benjamin D. Hungate, Bruce A. Penuelas, Josep McCallum, Ian Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A. Cernusak, Lucas A. Talhelm, Alan F. Van Sundert, Kevin Piao, Shilong Newton, Paul C. D. Hovenden, Mark J. Blumenthal, Dana M. Liu, Yi Y. Mueller, Christoph Winter, Klaus Field, Christopher B. Viechtbauer, Wolfgang Van Lissa, Caspar J. Hoosbeek, Marcel R. Watanabe, Makoto Koike, Takayoshi Leshyk, Victor O. Polley, H. Wayne Franklin, Oskar Department of Earth System Science Stanford University Stanford USA Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Ecosystems Services and Management Program International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg Austria Woods Institute for the Environment and Precourt Institute for Energy Stanford University Stanford USA AXA Chair Programme in Biosphere and Climate Impacts Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus Ascot UK Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University North Ryde Australia Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management UC Berkeley Berkeley USA Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley USA Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Faculty of Life Sciences University of Vienna Vienna Austria Evolution and Ecology Program International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg Austria Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems) Biology Department University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena USA Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles USA Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota St. Paul USA Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith Australia CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain Center for Ecosystem Science and Society Northern Arizona University Flagstaff USA Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff USA CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-UAB Bellaterra Spain Environmental Biology Department Institute of Environmental Sciences Leiden University Leiden the Netherlands College of Marine and Environmental Sciences James Cook University Cairns

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

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Effect of climate on traits of dominant and rare tree species in the world’s forests

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Nature Communications 2025年第1期16卷 1-15页

作者： Hordijk, Iris Poorter, Lourens Liang, Jingjing Reich, Peter B. de-Miguel, Sergio Nabuurs, Gert-Jan Gamarra, Javier G. P. Chen, Han Y. H. Zhou, Mo Wiser, Susan K. Pretzsch, Hans Paquette, Alain Picard, Nicolas Hérault, Bruno Bastin, Jean-Francois Alberti, Giorgio Abegg, Meinrad Adou Yao, Yves C. Almeyda Zambrano, Angelica M. Alvarado, Braulio V. Alvarez-Davila, Esteban Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia Alves, Luciana F. Amaral, Iêda Ammer, Christian Antón-Fernández, Clara Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro Arroyo, Luzmila Avitabile, Valerio Aymard C, Gerardo A. Baker, Timothy Banki, Olaf Barroso, Jorcely Bastian, Meredith L. Birigazzi, Luca Birnbaum, Philippe Bitariho, Robert Boeckx, Pascal Bongers, Frans Bouriaud, Olivier Brancalion, Pedro H. S. Brandl, Susanne Brearley, Francis Q. Brienen, Roel Broadbent, Eben N. Bruelheide, Helge Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto Cesar, Ricardo G. Cesljar, Goran Chazdon, Robin L. Chisholm, Chelsea Cienciala, Emil Clark, Connie J. Clark, David B. Colletta, Gabriel Coomes, David Cornejo Valverde, Fernando Corral-Rivas, Jose J. Crim, Philip Cumming, Jonathan Dayanandan, Selvadurai de Gasper, André L. Decuyper, Mathieu Derroire, Géraldine DeVries, Ben Djordjevic, Ilija Dourdain, Aurélie Dolezal, Jiri Engone Obiang, Nestor Laurier Enquist, Brian Eyre, Teresa Fandohan, Adandé Belarmain Fayle, Tom M. Ferreira, Leandro V. Feldpausch, Ted R. Finér, Leena Fischer, Markus Fletcher, Christine Frizzera, Lorenzo Gianelle, Damiano Glick, Henry B. Harris, David Hector, Andrew Hemp, Andreas Herbohn, John Hillers, Annika Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N. Hui, Cang Cho, Hyunkook Ibanez, Thomas Jung, Ilbin Imai, Nobuo Jagodzinski, Andrzej M. Jaroszewicz, Bogdan Johannsen, Vivian Joly, Carlos A. Jucker, Tommaso Karminov, Viktor Kartawinata, Kuswata Kearsley, Elizabeth Kenfack, David Kennard, Deborah Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian Keppel, Gunnar Khan, Mohammed Latif Killeen, Timothy Kim, Hyun Seok Kitayama, Kanehiro Köhl, Michael Korjus, Henn Kraxner, Florian Laarmann, Diana Lang, Mait Lewis, Simon Lu, Huicui Lukina, Natalia Maitner, Br Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) Zurich Switzerland Wageningen University and Research Wageningen Netherlands Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota St Paul MN United States Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering University of Lleida Lleida Spain Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC) Solsona Spain Forestry Division Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy Faculty of Natural Resources Management Lakehead University Thunder Bay ON Canada Manaaki Whenua–Landcare Research Lincoln New Zealand Chair for Forest Growth and Yield Science TUM School for Life Sciences Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Centre for Forest Research Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal QC Canada GIP ECOFOR Paris France CIRAD Forêts et Sociétés Montpellier France Forêts et Sociétés Univ Montpellier CIRAD Montpellier France Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech University of Liege Liege Belgium Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bolzano Bolzano Italy Department of Agricultural Food Environmental and Animal Sciences University of Udine Udine Italy Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland UFR Biosciences University Félix Houphouët-Boigny Abidjan Cote d'Ivoire Spatial Ecology and Conservation Laboratory Center for Latin American Studies University of Florida Gainesville FL United States Forestry School Tecnológico de Costa Rica TEC Cartago Costa Rica Fundacion ConVida Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia UNAD Medellin Colombia Field Museum of Natural History Chicago IL United States Center for Tropical Research Institute of the Environment and Sustainability UCLA Los Angeles CA

Species’ traits and environmental conditions determine the abundance of tree species across the globe. The extent to which traits of dominant and rare tree species differ remains untested across a broad environmental range, limiting our understanding of how species traits and the environment shape forest functional composition. We use a global dataset of tree composition of >22,000 forest plots and 11 traits of 1663 tree species to ask how locally dominant and rare species differ in their trait values, and how these differences are driven by climatic gradients in temperature and water availability in forest biomes across the globe. We find three consistent trait differences between locally dominant and rare species across all biomes;dominant species are taller, have softer wood and higher loading on the multivariate stem strategy axis (related to narrow tracheids and thick bark). The difference between traits of dominant and rare species is more strongly driven by temperature compared to water availability, as temperature might affect a larger number of traits. Therefore, climate change driven global temperature rise may have a strong effect on trait differences between dominant and rare tree species and may lead to changes in species abundances and therefore strong community reassembly. © The Author(s) 2025.

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Native diversity buffers against severity of non-native tree invasions ( vol 621,pg 773 , 2023 )

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NATURE 2023年第7982期622卷 E2-E2页

作者： Delavaux, Camille S. Crowther, Thomas W. Zohner, Constantin M. Robmann, Niamh M. Lauber, Thomas van den Hoogen, Johan Kuebbing, Sara Liang, Jingjing de-Miguel, Sergio Nabuurs, Gert-Jan Reich, Peter B. Abegg, Meinrad Yao, Yves C. Adou Alberti, Giorgio Zambrano, Angelica M. Almeyda Alvarado, Braulio Vilchez Alvarez-Davila, Esteban Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia Alves, Luciana F. Ammer, Christian Anton-Fernandez, Clara Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro Arroyo, Luzmila Avitabile, Valerio Aymard, Gerardo A. Baker, Timothy R. Balazy, Radomir Banki, Olaf Barroso, Jorcely G. Bastian, Meredith L. Bastin, Jean-Francois Birigazzi, Luca Birnbaum, Philippe Bitariho, Robert Boeckx, Pascal Bongers, Frans Bouriaud, Olivier Brancalion, Pedro H. S. Brandl, Susanne Brienen, Roel Broadbent, Eben N. Bruelheide, Helge Bussotti, Filippo Gatti, Roberto Cazzolla Cesar, Ricardo G. Cesljar, Goran Chazdon, Robin Chen, Han Y. H. Chisholm, Chelsea Cho, Hyunkook Cienciala, Emil Clark, Connie Clark, David Colletta, Gabriel D. Coomes, David A. Valverde, Fernando Cornejo Corral-Rivas, Jose J. Crim, Philip M. Cumming, Jonathan R. Dayanandan, Selvadurai de Gasper, Andre L. Decuyper, Mathieu Derroire, Geraldine DeVries, Ben Djordjevic, Ilija Dolezal, Jiri Dourdain, Aurelie Obiang, Nestor Laurier Engone Enquist, Brian J. Eyre, Teresa J. Fandohan, Adande Belarmain Fayle, Tom M. Feldpausch, Ted R. Ferreira, Leandro V. Fischer, Markus Fletcher, Christine Frizzera, Lorenzo Gamarra, Javier G. P. Gianelle, Damiano Glick, Henry B. Harris, David J. Hector, Andrew Hemp, Andreas Hengeveld, Geerten Herault, Bruno Herbohn, John L. Herold, Martin Hillers, Annika Coronado, Euridice N. Honorio Hui, Cang Ibanez, Thomas T. Amaral, Ieda Imai, Nobuo Jagodzinski, Andrzej M. Jaroszewicz, Bogdan Johannsen, Vivian Kvist Joly, Carlos A. Jucker, Tommaso Jung, Ilbin Karminov, Viktor Kartawinata, Kuswata Kearsley, Elizabeth Kenfack, David Kennard, Deborah K. Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian Keppel, Gunnar Khan, Mohammed Latif Killeen, Timothy J. Kim, Hyun Seok Kitayama, Kanehiro Kohl, Michael Korju Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) Zurich Switzerland Department of Genetics Evolution and Environment University College London London UK The Forest School at The Yale School of the Environment Yale University New Haven CT USA Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Department of Agriculture Forestry and Bioresources Seoul National University Seoul South Korea Department of Crop and Forest Sciences University of Lleida Lleida Spain Joint Research Unit CTFC–AGROTECNIO–CERCA Solsona Spain Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands World Agroforestry (ICRAF) Nairobi Kenya Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota St Paul MN USA Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia Institute for Global Change Biology and School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland UFR Biosciences University Félix Houphouët-Boigny Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire Department of Agricultural Food Environmental and Animal Sciences University of Udine Udine Italy Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bolzano Bolzano Italy Spatial Ecology and Conservation Laboratory Department of Tourism Recreation and Sport Management University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Forestry School Tecnológico de Costa Rica TEC Cartago Costa Rica Fundacion ConVida Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia UNAD Medellin Colombia Field Museum of Natural Histiory Chicago IL USA Center for Tropical Research Institute of the Environment and Sustainability UCLA Los Angeles CA USA Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany Division of Forest and Forest Resources Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO) Ås Norway Museo de Hi

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INTRODUCTION

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Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 2024年第8期105卷 S1-S11页

作者： Boyer, T. Blunden, J. Dunn, R.J.H. NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Silver Spring Maryland NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Asheville North Carolina Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter United Kingdom European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reading United Kingdom University of Maryland College Park Maryland Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla California NOAA/NWS National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Prediction Center College Park Maryland Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus-Senftenberg Germany Servicio Meteorológico Nacional Buenos Aires Argentina NOAA/OAR Physical Sciences Laboratory Boulder Colorado European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Bonn Germany Center for Geophysical Research and School of Physics University of Costa Rica San José Costa Rica Department of Meteorology and National Centre for Earth Observation University of Reading Reading United Kingdom Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais CEMADEN São Paulo Brazil Université Grenoble Alpes Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement IRD CNRS Grenoble INP Grenoble France Hampton University Hampton Virginia Seychelles Meteorological Authority Mahe Seychelles Section for Glaciers Ice and Snow Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate Oslo Norway National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment (INRAE) CARRTEL Université Savoie Mont Blanc Thonon les Bains France Graduate School of Agriculture Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Japan Science Faculty Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia University of Bremen Bremen Germany NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory Boulder Colorado Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú Lima Perú Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación – Spanish National Research Council (CSIC-UV-GVA) Valencia Spain Hydro-Climate Extremes Lab (H-CEL) Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department o

In 2023, La Niña conditions that generally prevailed in the eastern Pacific Ocean from mid-2020 into early 2023 gave way to a strong El Niño by October. Atmospheric concentrations of Earth’s major greenhouse gases—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—all increased to record-high levels. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere rose to 419.3±0.1 ppm, which is 50% greater than the pre-industrial level. The growth from 2022 to 2023 was 2.8 ppm, the fourth highest in the record since the 1960s. The combined short-term effects of El Niño and the long-term effects of increasing levels of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere contributed to new records for many essential climate variables reported here. The annual global temperature across land and oceans was the highest in records dating as far back as 1850, with the last seven months (June–December) having each been record warm. Over land, the globally averaged temperature was also record high. Dozens of countries reported record or near-record warmth for the year, including China and continental Europe as a whole (warmest on record), India and Russia (second warmest), and Canada (third warmest). Intense and widespread heatwaves were reported around the world. In Vietnam, an all-time national maximum temperature record of 44.2°C was observed at Tuong Duong on 7 May, surpassing the previous record of 43.4°C at Huong Khe on 20 April 2019. In Brazil, the air temperature reached 44.8°C in Araçuaí in Minas Gerais on 20 November, potentially a new national record and 12.8°C above normal. The effect of rising temperatures was apparent in the cryosphere, where snow cover extent by June 2023 was the smallest in the 56-year record for North America and seventh smallest for the Northern Hemisphere overall. Heatwaves contributed to the greatest average mass balance loss for Alpine glaciers around the world since the start of the record in 1970. Due to rapid volume loss beginning in 2021, St. A

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Aerobic treatment of liquid swine manure using polymer: Evaluation for ammonia emissions reduction and nitrogen retention

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engineering in Agriculture, Environment and Food 2016年第3期9卷 257-263页

作者： Kafle, Gopi Krishna Chen, Lide Glaze, Benton Tindall, Terry Yadanaparthi, Sai Krishna Reddy Biological Systems Engineering Washington State University PullmanWA99164 United States Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of Idaho MoscowID83844 United States Department of Animal and Veterinary Science University of Idaho MoscowID83844 United States J.R. Simplot Company BoiseID83702 United States Environmental Science Program University of Idaho MoscowID83844 United States

In the present study, the effectiveness of polymer (maleic-itaconic acid) on ammonia (NH3) emissions reduction and in retaining nitrogen (N) in fresh liquid swine manure (SM) was evaluated. The relationship between pH and NH3 emission was also determined. Different doses of polymer (namely Treatment 1 = T1 = 0.8 L polymer/ton of manure, Treatment 2 = T2 = 1.6 L polymer/ton of manure, Treatment 3 = T3 = 2.4 L polymer/ton of manure, and Treatment 4 = T4 = 3.2 L polymer/ton of manure) were added to the SM and its effects were observed for 30 d. The tests results showed significant reduction in pH for T1, T2, T3 and T4 compared to control (C). For the short term (up to 3d) T2, T3, and T4 showed significantly lower NH3 gas concentrations than C, however, for the long term (up to 10–20 d) only T4 continued to indicate significantly lower NH3 gas concentrations. Although numeric observations were reported for other treatments (T1, T2 and T3), no significant differences in NH3 gas concentrations were found. The NH3 emissions reductions were calculated in the range of 81–92%, 31–88%, −39–61%, 6–41%, −106% to −6% for the treatment period of 1, 3, 10, 20 and 30 d, respectively. The addition of polymer resulted in no significant difference in total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) and NO3−–N concentration. However, the addition of polymer had a significant influence on total Kjehldahl nitrogen (TKN) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) concentration. The NH3 gas emissions strongly correlated with the manure pH (R2 = 0.911–0.999). © 2016 Asian agricultural and biological engineering Association

关键词： Manures

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Worldwide Soundscapes: A Synthesis of Passive Acoustic Monitoring Across Realms

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Global Ecology and Biogeography 2025年第5期34卷

作者： Kevin F. A. Darras Rodney A. Rountree Steven L. Van Wilgenburg Anna F. Cord Frederik Pitz Youfang Chen Lijun Dong Agnès Rocquencourt Camille Desjonquères Patrick Mauritz Diaz Tzu-Hao Lin Théophile Turco Louise Emmerson Tom Bradfer-Lawrence Amandine Gasc Sarah Marley Marcus Salton Laura Schillé Paul J. Wensveen Shih-Hung Wu Adriana C. Acero-Murcia Orlando Acevedo-Charry Matyáš Adam Jacopo Aguzzi Irmak Akoglu M. Clara P. Amorim Mina Anders Michel André Alexandre Antonelli Leandro Aparecido Do Nascimento Giulliana Appel Stephanie Archer Christos Astaras Andrey Atemasov Jamieson Atkinson Joël Attia Emanuel Baltag Luc Barbaro Fritjof Basan Carly Batist Julio Ernesto Baumgarten Just T. Bayle Sempere Kristen Bellisario Asaf Ben David Oded Berger-Tal Frédéric Bertucci Matthew G. Betts Iqbal S. Bhalla Thiago Bicudo Marta Bolgan Sara Bombaci Gerard Bota Martin Boullhesen Robert A. Briers Susannah Buchan Michal Budka Katie Burchard Giuseppa Buscaino Alice Calvente Marconi Campos-Cerqueira Maria Isabel Carvalho Gonçalves Maria Ceraulo Maite Cerezo-Araujo Gunnar Cerwén Adams A. Chaskda Maria Chistopolova Christopher W. Clark Kieran D. Cox Benjamin Cretois Chapin Czarnecki Luis P. da Silva Wigna da Silva Laurence H. De Clippele David de la Haye Ana Silvia de Oliveira Tissiani Devin de Zwaan M. Eugenia Degano Jessica Deichmann Joaquin del Rio Christian Devenish Ricardo Díaz-Delgado Pedro Diniz Dorgival Diógenes Oliveira-Júnior Thiago Dorigo Saskia Dröge Marina Duarte Adam Duarte Kerry Dunleavy Robert Dziak Simon Elise Hiroto Enari Haruka S. Enari Florence Erbs Britas Klemens Eriksson Pınar Ertör-Akyazi Nina C. Ferrari Luane Ferreira Abram B. Fleishman Paulo J. Fonseca Bárbara Freitas Nicholas R. Friedman Jérémy S. P. Froidevaux Svetlana Gogoleva Carolina Gonzaga José Miguel González Correa Eben Goodale Benjamin Gottesman Ingo Grass Jack Greenhalgh Jocelyn Gregoire Samuel Haché Jonas Hagge William Halliday Antonia Hammer Tara Hanf-Dressler Sylvain Haupert Samara Haver Becky Heath Daniel Hending Jose Hernandez-Blanco Dennis Higgs EFNO ECODIV INRAE Domaine des Barres Nogent-sur-Vernisson France Sustainable Agricultural Systems & Engineering Lab School of Engineering Westlake University Hangzhou Zhejiang China Chair of Computational Landscape Ecology Faculty of Environmental Sciences Dresden University of Technology Dresden Germany Biology Department University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada The Fish Listener Waguoit Massachusetts USA Terrestrial Unit Prairie Region Canadian Wildlife Service Environment & Climate Change Canada Prairie & Northern Wildlife Research Centre Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada Agro-ecological Modeling Group Faculty of Agriculture University of Bonn Bonn Germany Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Department of Deep Sea Science Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Sanya Hainan China Institut de Systématique Évolution Biodiversité Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Paris France Université Grenoble Alpes Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS LECA Grenoble France Climate Change and Biodiversity Hanns R. Neumann Stiftung Indonesia Muaradua Indonesia Biodiversity Research Center Academia Sinica Nankang Taipei Taiwan ENES Bioacoustics Research Laboratory University of Saint-Etienne CRNL CNRS UMR 5292 Inserm UMR_S 1028 Saint-Etienne France Australian Antarctic Division Science Branch Department of Climate Change Energy Environment and Water Channel Highway Kingston Tasmania Australia Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Stirling Stirling Scotland Centre for Conservation Science RSPB Edinburgh UK IMBE Aix Marseille Univ Avignon Univ CNRS IRD Aix-en-Provence France Scotland's Rural College Craibstone Estate Aberdeen UK BIOGECO INRAE University of Bordeaux Cestas France Westman Islands Research Centre University of Iceland Vestmannaeyjar Iceland Qigu Research Center Taiwan Biodiversity Research Institute Nantou County Taiwan Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia

Aim The urgency for remote, reliable and scalable biodiversity monitoring amidst mounting human pressures on ecosystems has sparked worldwide interest in Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM), which can track life underwater and on land. However, we lack a unified methodology to report this sampling effort and a comprehensive overview of PAM coverage to gauge its potential as a global research and monitoring tool. To address this gap, we created the Worldwide Soundscapes project, a collaborative network and growing database comprising metadata from 416 datasets across all realms (terrestrial, marine, freshwater and subterranean). Location Worldwide, 12,343 sites, all ecosystem types. Time Period 1991 to present. Major Taxa Studied All soniferous taxa. Methods We synthesise sampling coverage across spatial, temporal and ecological scales using metadata describing sampling locations, deployment schedules, focal taxa and audio recording parameters. We explore global trends in biological, anthropogenic and geophysical sounds based on 168 selected recordings from 12 ecosystems across all realms. Results Terrestrial sampling is spatially denser (46 sites per million square kilometre—Mkm 2 ) than aquatic sampling (0.3 and 1.8 sites/Mkm 2 in oceans and fresh water) with only two subterranean datasets. Although diel and lunar cycles are well sampled across realms, only marine datasets (55%) comprehensively sample all seasons. Across the 12 ecosystems selected for exploring global acoustic trends, biological sounds showed contrasting diel patterns across ecosystems, declined with distance from the Equator, and were negatively correlated with anthropogenic sounds. Main Conclusions PAM can inform macroecological studies as well as global conservation and phenology syntheses, but representation can be improved by expanding terrestrial taxonomic scope, sampling coverage in the high seas and subterranean ecosystems, and spatio-temporal replication in freshwater habitats. Overall, this

关键词： ARU automated sound recorder biodiversity conservation biology ecoacoustics IUCN GET realm Passive Acoustic Monitoring phenology soundscape ecology

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The European Reference Genome Atlas: piloting a decentralised approach to equitable biodiversity genomics

NPJ Biodiversity

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NPJ Biodiversity 2024年第1期3卷 28页

作者： Mc Cartney, Ann M. Formenti, Giulio Mouton, Alice De Panis, Diego Marins, Luísa S. Leitão, Henrique G. Diedericks, Genevieve Kirangwa, Joseph Morselli, Marco Salces-Ortiz, Judit Escudero, Nuria Iannucci, Alessio Natali, Chiara Svardal, Hannes Fernández, Rosa De Pooter, Tim Joris, Geert Strazisar, Mojca Wood, Jonathan M. D. Herron, Katie E. Seehausen, Ole Watts, Phillip C. Shaw, Felix Davey, Robert P. Minotto, Alice Fernández, José M. Böhne, Astrid Alegria, Carla Alioto, Tyler Alves, Paulo C. Amorim, Isabel R. Aury, Jean-Marc Backstrom, Niclas Baldrian, Petr Baltrunaite, Laima Barta, Endre Bedhom, Bertrand Belser, Caroline Bergsten, Johannes Bertrand, Laurie Bilandija, Helena Binzer-Panchal, Mahesh Bista, Iliana Blaxter, Mark Borges, Paulo A. V. Dias, Guilherme Borges Bosse, Mirte Brown, Tom Bruggmann, Rémy Buena-Atienza, Elena Burgin, Josephine Buzan, Elena Cariani, Alessia Casadei, Nicolas Chiara, Matteo Chozas, Sergio Jr, Fedor Čiampor Crottini, Angelica Cruaud, Corinne Cruz, Fernando Dalen, Love Biase, Alessiode Delcampo, Javier Delic, Teo Dennis, Aliceb. Derks, Martijn F. L. Diroma, Maria Angela Djan, Mihajla Duprat, Simone Eleftheriadi, Klara Feulner, Philine G. D. Flot, Jean-François Forni, Giobbe Fosso, Bruno Fournier, Pascal Fournier-Chambrillon, Christine Gabaldon, Toni Garg, Shilpa Gissi, Carmela Giupponi, Luca Gomez-Garrido, Jessica González, Josefa Grilo, Miguel L. Grüning, Björn Guerin, Thomas Guiglielmoni, Nadege Gut, Marta Haesler, Marcel P. Hahn, Christoph Halpern, Balint Harrison, Peter W. Heintz, Julia Hindrikson, Maris Höglund, Jacob Howe, Kerstin Hughes, Graham M. Istace, Benjamin Cock, Mark J. Janžekovič, Franc Jonsson, Zophonias O. Joye-Dind, Sagane Koskimäki, Janne J. Krystufek, Boris Kubacka, Justyna Kuhl, Heiner Kusza, Szilvia Labadie, Karine Lähteenaro, Meri Lantz, Henrik Lavrinienko, Anton Leclère, Lucas Lopes, Ricardo Jorge Madsen, Ole Magdelenat, Ghislaine Magoga, Giulia Manousaki, Tereza Mappes, Tapio Marques, Joao Pedro Redondo, Gemma I. Martinez Maumus, Florian McCarthy, Shane A. M Genomics Institute University of California SantaCruz CA United States TheVertebrate Genome Laboratory The Rockefeller University NewYork NY United States Department of Biology University of Florence Sesto Fiorentino Italy InBios-Conservation Genetics Laboratory University of Liege Liege Belgium Leibniz Institut für Zoo und Wildtierforschung Berlin Germany Berlin Center for Genomics in Biodiversity Research Berlin Germany Department of Biology University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium Institute of Zoology University of Cologne Cologne Germany Department of Chemistry Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Parma Italy Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden Netherlands Neuromics Support Facility VIB Center for Molecular Neurology VIB Antwerp Belgium Neuromics Support Facility Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity ofAntwerp Antwerp Belgium Tree of Life WellcomeSanger Institute Cambridge Hinxton United Kingdom School of Biology and Environmental Science University College Dublin Belfield Ireland Aquatic Ecology & Evolution Institute of Ecology & Evolution University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Fish Ecology & Evolution Eawag Kastanienbaum Switzerland Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of Jyvaskyla Jyvaskyla Finland The EarlhamInstitute NorwichResearchPark Norwich United Kingdom Digital Science London United Kingdom Barcelona Supercomputing Center Spanish National Bioinformatics Institute ELIXIR Spain Getafe Spain Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change Museum Koenig Bonn Bonn Germany CE3C—Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa Campo Grande Lisboa Portugal Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG) Barcelona Spain Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain CIBIO Cen

A genomic database of all Earth’s eukaryotic species could contribute to many scientific discoveries;however, only a tiny fraction of species have genomic information available. In 2018, scientists across the world united under the Earth BioGenome Project (EBP), aiming to produce a database of highquality reference genomes containing all ~1.5 million recognized eukaryotic species. As the European node of the EBP, the European Reference Genome Atlas (ERGA) sought to implement a new decentralised, equitable and inclusive model for producing reference genomes. For this, ERGA launched a Pilot Project establishing the first distributed reference genome production infrastructure and testing it on 98 eukaryotic species from 33 European countries. Here we outline the infrastructure and explore its effectiveness for scaling high-quality reference genome production, whilst considering equity and inclusion. The outcomes and lessons learned provide a solid foundation for ERGA while offering key learnings to other transnational, national genomic resource projects and the EBP. © The Author(s) 2024, corrected publication 2024.

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Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet 2023年第10397期402卷 203-234页

作者： Ong, Kanyin Liane Stafford, Lauryn K. McLaughlin, Susan A. Boyko, Edward J. Vollset, Stein Emil Smith, Amanda E. Dalton, Bronte E. Duprey, Joe Cruz, Jessica A. Hagins, Hailey Lindstedt, Paulina A. Aali, Amirali Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abate, Melsew Dagne Abbasian, Mohammadreza Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen ElHafeez, Samar Abd Abd-Rabu, Rami Abdulah, Deldar Morad Abdullah, Abu Yousuf Md Abedi, Vida Abidi, Hassan Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Adane, Tigist Demssew Adane, Denberu Eshetie Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adegboye, Oyelola A. Adekanmbi, Victor Adepoju, Abiola Victor Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afolabi, Rotimi Felix Agarwal, Gina Aghdam, Zahra Babaei Agudelo-Botero, Marcela Arriagada, Constanza Elizabeth Aguilera Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Danish Ahmad, Rizwan Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmadi, Ali Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Ali Ahmed, Luai A. Ahmed, Syed Anees Ajami, Marjan Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Al Hamad, Hanadi Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali Alalwan, Tariq A. Al-Aly, Ziyad AlBataineh, Mohammad T. Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alemi, Sharifullah Ali, Hassam Alinia, Tahereh Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almustanyir, Sami Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Firehiwot Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amiri, Sohrab Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anjana, Ranjit Mohan Ansar, Adnan Ansari, Golnoosh Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Areda, Demelash Arifin, Hidayat Arkew, Mesay Armocida, Benedetta Arnlov, Johan Artamonov, Anton A. Arulappan, Judie Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo Arumugam, Ashokan Aryan, Zahra Asemu, Mulu Tiruneh Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad Askari, Elaheh Asmelash, Daniel Astell-Burt, Thomas Athar, Mohammad Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Avila-Burgos, Leticia Awaisu, Ahmed Azadnajafabad, Sina Darshan, B.B. Babamohamadi, Hassan Badar, Muhammad Badawi, Alaa Badiye, Ashish D. Baghcheghi, Nayereh Baghe Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation School of Medicine General Medicine Service Department of Veterans Affairs Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine France Department of Clinical Governance and Quality Improvement Aleta Wondo Hospital Aleta Wondo Ethiopia Department of Nursing Woldia University Woldia Ethiopia Department of Nursing Department of Orthopedic Surgery Orthopaedic Surgery Social Determinants of Health Research Center Non-communicable Diseases Research Center Epidemiology Department Evidence-Based Practice Center Community and Maternity Nursing Unit University of Duhok Duhok Iraq School of Planning Faculty of Environment Department of Public Health Sciences Penn State College of Medicine Pennsylvania State University Hershey PA United States Biocomplexity Institute Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA United States College of Medicine Department of Public Health Laboratory Technology Sciences Department Department of Family and Community Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Clinical Sciences Department Department of Surgery Department of Surgery Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology College of Graduate Health Sciences University of Tennessee Memphis TN United States Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Department of Clinical and Psychosocial Epidemiology Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Centre for Social Research in Health Quality and Systems Performance Unit Cancer Institute NSW Sydney NSW Australia Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine HIV and Infectious Diseases Department Jhpiego Abuja Nigeria Adolescent Research and Care Department Adolescent Friendly Research Initiative and Care Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Epidemiology Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Department of Family Medicine McMaster University

Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2021, the proportion of the type 2 diabetes burden attributable to selected risk factors, and projections of diabetes prevalence through 2050. Methods: Estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden were computed in 204 countries and territories, across 25 age groups, for males and females separately and combined;these estimates comprised lost years of healthy life, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs;defined as the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]). We used the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) approach to estimate deaths due to diabetes, incorporating 25 666 location-years of data from vital registration and verbal autopsy reports in separate total (including both type 1 and type 2 diabetes) and type-specific models. Other forms of diabetes, including gestational and monogenic diabetes, were not explicitly modelled. Total and type 1 diabetes prevalence was estimated by use of a Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, to analyse 1527 location-years of data from the scientific literature, survey microdata, and insurance claims;type 2 diabetes estimates were computed by subtracting type 1 diabetes from total estimates. Mortality and prevalence estimates, along with standard life expectancy and disability weights, were used to calculate YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs. When appropriate, we extrapolated estimates to a hypothetical population with a standardised age structure to allow comparison in populations with different age structures. We used the comparative r

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