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2024 IEEE Signal Processing in Medicine and Biology Symposium, SPMB 2024

作者： Rahman, M. Taebi, A. Mississippi State University Biomedical Engineering Program Mississippi StateMS United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388572

Seismocardiography (SCG) has attracted significant interest for monitoring cardiac health and diagnosing cardiovascular conditions. While traditional SCG methods rely on uncomfortable chest-mounted accelerometers, recent research explores non-contact approaches, including analyzing video recordings of the chest. In this study, three computer vision-based methods including Lucas-Kanade optical flow, template tracking, and Gunnar-Farneback optical flow were evaluated for extracting SCG signals from ordinary camera-recorded chest videos. The study focused on right-to-left and head-to-foot SCG signals obtained from 13 healthy subjects during breath-hold at the end of exhalation and inhalation. Comparative analysis was performed by calculating the mean squared error (MSE) and root MSE (RMSE) between the vision-based SCG signals and the gold-standard accelerometer signals. Visual and quantitative analyses showed that the Lucas-Kanade and template tracking methods estimated vision-based SCG signals closely resembling the accelerometer data, particularly in the head-to-foot direction. The Lucas-Kanade method had MSE values ranging from 0.14 to 0.93, RMSE values from 0.38 to 0.96, average correlation values of 0.82±0.09. The template tracking method showed MSE values between 0.12 to 0.94, RMSE values from 0.35 to 0.97, and average correlation values of 0.83±0.10. In comparison, the Farneback method had higher MSE values ranging from 0.20 to 1.07, RMSE values from 0.44 to 1.03, and average correlation values of 0.76±0.11. These results suggest the effectiveness of Lucas-Kanade and template tracking methods for non-contact SCG signal extraction from chest video data. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Optical flows

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A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.Daeschler Katelyn J.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny Cheung Jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

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Influence of Biomimetic Apatite Coating on the Biobehavior of TiO_(2)Scaffolds

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1975-1986页

作者： Shima Mahtabian Seyed Mehdi Mirhadi Nahid Hassanzadeh Nemati Melika Sharifi Fariborz Tavangarian Department of Biomedical Engineering University of DelawareNewarkDE19716USA Department of Ceramic Engineering Islamic Azad University(Shahreza Branch)ShahrezaIsfahan86145-311Iran Department of Biomedical Engineering Islamic Azad University(Science and Research Branch)TehranIran Mechanical Engineering Program School of ScienceEngineering and TechnologyPennsylvania State UniversityHarrisburgMiddletownPA17057USA Department of Materials Science&Engineering Islamic Azad University(Najaf Abad Branch)Najaf AbadIsfahan***Iran Biomedical Engineering Department Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegeUniversity ParkPennsylvania16802USA

Immersion of scaffolds in Simulated Body Fluid(10SBF)is a standardized method for evaluating their bioactivity,simulating in vivo conditions where apatite deposits can be formed on the surface of scaffold,facilitating bone integration and ensuring their suitability for bone implant purposes,ultimately contributing to long-term implant *** effect of apatite deposition on bioactivity and cell behavior of TiO_(2)scaffolds was *** were soaked in 10SBF for different durations to form HAP layer on their *** results proved the development of a hydroxyapatite film resembling the mineral composition of bone Extracellular Matrix(ECM)on the TiO_(2)*** XRD test findings showed the presence of hydroxyapatite layer similar to bone at the depth of 10 nm.A decrease in the specific surface area(18.913 m^(2)g^(−1)),the total pore volume(0.045172 cm^(3)g^(−1)(at p/p0=0.990)),and the mean pore diameter(9.5537 nm),were observed by BET analysis which confirmed the formation of the apatite *** was found that titania scaffolds with HAP coating promoted human osteosarcoma bone cell(MG63)cell attachment and *** seems that immersing the scaffolds in 10SBF to form HAP coating before utilizing them for bone tissue engineering applications might be a good strategy to promote bioactivity,cell attachment,and implant fixation.

关键词： Titania Hierarchical meso/macro porous 10SBF Biomimetic apatite Coating

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Synthesis of Methotrexate-Loaded Dumbbell-Shaped Titanium Dioxide/Gold Nanorods Coated with Mesoporous Silica and Decorated with Upconversion Nanoparticles for Near-Infrared-Driven Trimodal Cancer Treatment

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ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 2023年第28期15卷 33335-33347页

作者： Dash, Pranjyan Thirumurugan, Senthilkumar Tseng, Ching-Li Lin, Yu-Chien Chen, Sung-Lung Dhawan, Udesh Chung, Ren-Jei Taipei10608 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei110 Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei110 Taiwan Research Center of Biomedical Device College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei110 Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei110 Taiwan Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment Division of Biomedical Engineering James Watt School of Engineering Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre University of Glasgow GlasgowG116EW United Kingdom Taipei10608 Taiwan

This study prepared dumbbell-shaped titanium dioxide (TiO2)/gold nanorods (AuNRs) coated with mesoporous silica shells (mS) (AuNRs-TiO2@mS). Methotrexate (MTX) was further loaded into the AuNRs-TiO2@mS, and then upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) were decorated to form AuNRs-TiO2@mS-MTX: UCNP nanocomposites. TiO2 is used as an intense photosensitizer (PS) to produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to photodynamic therapy (PDT). Concurrently, AuNRs exhibited intense photothermal therapy (PTT) effects and photothermal conversion efficiency. In vitro results suggested that these nanocomposites can kill oral cancer cells (HSC-3) without toxicity through irradiation of NIR laser, owing to the synergistic effect. The in vivo studies indicated that these nanocomposites exhibited excellent antitumor effects through synergistic PDT/PTT/chemotherapy under a near-infrared (NIR) 808 nm laser irradiation. Thus, these AuNRs-TiO2@mS: UCNP nanocomposites have great potential to undergo deep tissue penetration with enhanced synergistic effects through NIR-triggered light for cancer treatment. © 2023 American Chemical Society

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Micro-electrode array (MEA) electrophysiological signal analysis by descriptive stochastic tests of the probability density structure

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Research on biomedical engineering 2025年第2期41卷 1-13页

作者： Faria, Vinícius Naves Rezende Ramos, Marina Abadia Martinoia, Sérgio Destro-Filho, João-Batista Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal de MG Uberlândia Brazil Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Sciences Universidade Federal de MG Uberlândia Brazil Division of Informatics Bioengineering Robotics and System Engineering Università Degli Studi Di Genova Genova Italy

Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to present, analyze, and quantitatively characterize the electrical signals obtained from neuronal cultures coupled to micro-electrode arrays (MEAs). Special attention is given to the temporal evolution of electrical activity across distinct geometric regions of the MEA devices. Methods: The proposed methodology involves signal acquisition, classical analysis based on spike and burst detection, and, critically, the characterization of the probability density structure of the signals. This is achieved through the quantification of Gaussianity—expressed as the percentage of segments non-Gaussian (PSNG)—and stationarity— expressed as the percentage of segments non-stationary (PSNE). Results: Initial analyses showed that first-order power spectral density quantifiers lacked the statistical robustness required to effectively describe the complex components of MEA signals. In contrast, PSNG and PSNE demonstrated strong potential in capturing the different stages of neuronal culture development. Cluster analysis further supported the discriminative capacity of these quantifiers. Conclusion: The phase corresponding to decreased neuronal activity and onset of cell death—a biologically critical stage—exhibited the strongest correlation among the studied variables. These results suggest a discernible biological organization and highlight the relevance of PSNG and PSNE as promising tools for assessing neuronal culture dynamics. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Brazilian Society of biomedical engineering 2025.

关键词： Cell death

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Perspectives for delivery of therapeutics by extravasation of biodegradable microspheres in the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 969-970页

作者： Anne-Eva van der Wijk Ed VanBavel Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Department of Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Neuroscience Neurovascular Disorders ProgramAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Microcirculation ProgramAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Development of therapeutics for brain diseases has remained challenging,in particular due to the difficulty of passing the blood-brain *** a result,the current arsenal of therapeutics targeting the brain is limited to small,lipid-soluble drugs and there is a lack of options for treating neuroblastomas,Alzheimer’s disease,and many other devastating *** the advances in strategies for crossing the blood-brain barrier such as the use of nanoparticles(Hersh et al.,2022;Duan et al.,2023),such delivery systems have not yet reached clinical ***,novel platforms for the transport of therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier remain highly *** specifically holds for large molecules such as monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins,as well as nucleotide-based therapeutics and cell *** efforts in this field are increasing exponentially,with thousands of publications in the last few years.

关键词： therapeutics holds spite

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Heartbeat Classification Using MLP and Random Forest Techniques 9th

Heartbeat Classification Using MLP and Random Forest Techni...

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9th Latin American Congress on biomedical engineering, CLAIB 2022 and 28th Brazilian Congress on biomedical engineering, CBEB 2022

作者： Ortiz, Carlos A. L. Nadal, Jurandir Biomedical Engineering Program University Federal of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031494031

This work aims at presenting a method for heartbeat classification based on multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and random forest (RF) techniques applied to the first difference of ECG signals. From the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database, each annotated P-QRS segment was extracted, low-pass filtered, and the first-order difference was used as input for the neural networks. The MLP and Random Forest were used to obtain a model for classifying the heartbeats. The results were compared with other algorithms existing in the literature, and the model developed produced good results and noticed improvements when using the first difference. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Low pass filters

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Heartbeat Classification Based on PCA and CNN 9th

Heartbeat Classification Based on PCA and CNN

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9th Latin American Congress on biomedical engineering, CLAIB 2022 and 28th Brazilian Congress on biomedical engineering, CBEB 2022

作者： Ramalho, Tatiane C. Ortiz, Carlos A. L. Abrantes, Leonardo A. A. Nadal, Jurandir Biomedical Engineering Program University Federal of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031494031

This work presents a method for automatic heartbeat classification based on principal component analysis and a convolutional neural network on ECG signals. We developed a database holding the first ten principal components and the relative RR intervals of P-QRS complexes from the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database patients. The convolutional neural network was used to obtain a model for classifying heartbeats based on this database. This model was tested and compared to other algorithms existing in the literature, and the results evidenced the relative advantages of the method. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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Smartphone-Integrated Reverse Lens Hemocount Microscope for Red Blood Cell Imaging

Smartphone-Integrated Reverse Lens Hemocount Microscope for ...

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2023 International Conference on Electrical engineering and Informatics, ICEEI 2023

作者： Izzrufi, Mochammad Izzrul Zakaria, Hasballah Bandung Institute of Technology Biomedical Engineering Study Program Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350381290

Anemia, a prevalent global medical condition affecting approximately 33% of the world's population in 2015 and 32% of Indonesian adolescents in 2018, is characterized by a reduction in red blood cell count or hemoglobin levels, resulting in diminished oxygen-carrying capacity within the bloodstream. The conventional method for detecting anemia involves Complete Blood Count (CBC), which demands specialized hematology analyzers and substantial time. In response to these constraints, the Hemocount, a portable microscope utilizing the reverse lens technique, was developed to capture high-quality images of red blood cells. This innovative approach requires blood sample standardization for optimal Hemocount performance. The technique involves inverting the mobile camera lens, aligning the sensor focus with the sample, while a preparation table and light source illuminate from below. Experiments with various lens, table, and light source configurations identified the optimal setup as employing the front camera lens from an iPhone 5s, a transparent table, and a cool white light source, yielding a digital image resolution of 42.19 nm/px. This resolution allows for blood cell detection within the size range of 165.92 px to 189.62 px. For optimal results when using Hemocount, a recommended blood concentration of 50% minimizes standard deviation, while concentrations of 30% maximize the correlation coefficient R, and 25% yield clear images by preventing red blood cell enlargement due to osmosis. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Light sources

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Comparative Analysis of Photoplethysmogram (PPG) Waveform Characteristics Across Various Body Sites Under Normal and Apneic Conditions 46

Comparative Analysis of Photoplethysmogram (PPG) Waveform Ch...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Rahme, Joe Saleh, Sahera Al-Sadek, Tamara Amatoury, Jason Khraiche, Massoud American University of Beirut Biomedical Engineering Program Beirut Lebanon American University of Beirut Department of Electrical Engineering Beirut Lebanon

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Detecting sleep apnea through wearable devices poses challenges due to the condition's variability across populations and the inconsistencies in measurements attributed to current wearable technologies. This study aims at comparing photoplethysmogram (PPG) waveform characteristics in healthy subjects, including the change in amplitude, width, and time to peak (Tp) of the signal. PPG signals were recorded at six different body sites (wrist upper, wrist lower, ring finger, thumb, neck, and head) under both simulated normal and apneic conditions. A key objective of this work was to identify optimal LED intensities for detecting these waveform features at each site, providing valuable insights for future development of PPG hardware by pinpointing the most effective intensities. Additionally, the research aims for a better understanding of the variation of the PPG waveform between different body sites. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Photoplethysmography

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