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Comparative study of different controllers in an autonomous vehicle system

Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 80卷 2390-2393页

作者： Balaji, T.S. Srinivasan, S. Research Scholar Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Tamil Nadu Chennai India Professor and Program Director Department of Biomedical Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Tamil Nadu Chennai India

In recent days the entire world moving towards autonomous driving vehicle. For the last decades, the world started more research on Autonomous or Auto-pilot vehicle. It faces lot of challenges to design such a system. In recent, Google and tesla designs an autonomous vehicle in the name of waymo. The main aim of this research work is to provide healthy transportation with high safety and security. This waymo vehicle is now under testing with conditional and unconditional environment. In this paper it is focused on a controller part to take care of the vehicle in critical and non-critical environmental situation. In this perception, this research gives the overview of the various controllers with its merits and demerits. The controller is to imitate like a human driver. Normally the human eye focus on mobile and immobile objects, road sign, pedestrian etc., the controller need to focus the road condition, optimal steering control with less tracking error and cruise control. © 2021

关键词： Autonomous vehicles

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Detection of safety wearable's of the industry workers using deep neural network

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 80卷 3064-3068页

Accidents can occur in work place or in place where people are gathering. Many such accidents are preventable. These types of accidents may occur due to carelessness or improper safety wears. These disasters could clearly be maintained a strategic distance from, or its viable force could be decreased with appropriate well-being wear. The fundamental target of this undertaking is to build up a fair-minded computerized framework that checks and investigates the well-being wear of representatives before allowing them to the work region or shop-floor. Along these lines, this framework will mean to forestall mishaps because of inappropriate security wear and the information gathered is utilized for further investigation. Consequently, this system will expect to thwart disasters on account of less than ideal security wear and the data accumulated is used for further investigation. These incidents could clearly be stayed away from, or its viable force could be decreased with appropriate well-being wear. © 2021

关键词： Accident prevention

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Control engineering investigation of the effects of proliferative diabetic retinopathy on the crystalline lens and ciliary muscle dynamic behavior

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Research on biomedical engineering 2023年第3期39卷 663-676页

作者： Oliveira, Rebeca Hannah de M. Silva, Mayla dos S. Nunes, Gustavo A. M. A. Faria, Rafael Mendes Santos, Kleriston Silva Rosa, Leandro L. F. Rosa, Mário F. F. Rosa, Suélia de S. R. F. Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine BaltimoreMD United States Postgraduate Program in Mechatronic Systems University of Brasília DF Brasilia Brazil Optometry Clinic GO Goiânia Brazil Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program University of Brasília DF Brasilia Brazil University of Brasilia – UnB DF Brasilia Brazil

Purpose: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) affects more than 100 million adults worldwide and is one of the primary diseases leading to blindness and affecting the eye’s retina. Few papers mention its impact on the anterior segment of the eye. Methods: We present a novel bond graph model of the human eye calibrated with data from the literature to simulate the effects of retinopathy on lens behavior. Through mathematical representation in state space and transfer functions, we simulate the dynamic responses of the physiological and pathological systems. Results: The dynamic response to impulse inputs shows a distinct peak amplitude (0.01 difference) and transient time (0.0001 s) for PDR and Healthy systems at Region B (lens and ciliary muscle). Qualitative increase in ocular vasculature aggravation attenuates PDR dynamic response to unitary step input compared to Healthy (50% decay at 20 days of simulation) at Region B. Conclusions: The model suggests the potential impact of PDR on ciliary muscle behavior, which can have a clinical translation on diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of the disease. It can be used for future studies on the effects of retinopathy on different ocular regions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Brazilian Society of biomedical engineering.

关键词： Eye protection

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Feasibility Study of Finger Interface for Miniature Surgical Instruments 1

Feasibility Study of Finger Interface for Miniature Surgical...

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1st IEEE Conference on Telepresence, Telepresence 2024

作者： Cha, Serin Kim, Sebin Ryu, Seok Chang Ewha Womans University Graduate Program in Smart Factory BioRobotics Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Seoul03760 Korea Republic of Ewha Womans University BioRobotics Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528249

This paper presents a study on the design of a finger interface to improve the teleoperation of a miniaturized surgical instrument with a bendable distal section. A unique design principle employing the kinematic similarity between the human motion and the follower robot has been proposed for such instruments, which may result in embodied teleoperation, enhancing the overall telepresence experience. According to the principle, a design for an index finger interface was proposed, consisting of a sub-unit measuring finger motion and a handle. When the interface is connected to a robotic platform, it can control the entire tool motion in two separate ways: distal bending by the sub-unit and overall tool motion by the handle. A human subject test was conducted for trajectory-following tasks in a virtual environment, and their performance score was quantified for analysis of the learning curve. Based on the satisfactory learning rate of 75.78% for all nine subjects, the proposed finger interface could be a promising interface for a miniature surgical instrument with a long bendable section at the distal end. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Machine design

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BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION FOR HEALTHCARE PRIVACY DATA SYSTEMS IN THE UAE 50

BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION FOR HEALTHCARE PRIVACY ...

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50th International Conference on Computers and Industrial engineering: Sustainable Digital Transformation, CIE 2023

作者： Alshamsi, Hessa Marei, Fatemaal Marwan, Tasnim Shamayleh, Abdulrahim Department of Industrial Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Industrial Engineering Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781713886952

Blockchain technology is being recognized as a significant solution to technical issues across various industries, including healthcare. In the healthcare sector, Blockchain has the potential to revolutionize processes such as transferring patient medical records, managing the medicine supply chain, and aiding healthcare researchers in unlocking genetic code. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has emerged as a developed country actively exploring blockchain technology to enhance its healthcare sector. Despite efforts to improve healthcare in the UAE, integrating new technologies has been limited. The focus has primarily been on improving equipment and procedures rather than adopting innovative solutions. The growing population and increasing emphasis on medical tourism have also amplified the demand for advanced healthcare services. Therefore, immediate action is required to initiate significant developments in the healthcare sector. This research aims to highlight the importance and role of blockchain technology, specifically in the UAE healthcare sector. It seeks to improve the competence and privacy of healthcare data systems while addressing concerns related to centralization. The study presents recent findings concerning the initiatives and vision of the UAE government to establish a globally outstanding healthcare sector. It defines blockchain technology and emphasizes its positive impact on enhancing healthcare data systems. Furthermore, the research showcases various applications of blockchain technology that can be implemented in the healthcare sector. By demonstrating blockchain technology's benefits and potential applications, this research endeavors to encourage the strategic adoption of blockchain solutions in the healthcare sector. Such initiatives can pave the way for advancements in patient data systems and privacy. © 2023 Computers and Industrial engineering. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blockchain

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CHITOSAN-COLLAGEN COMPOSITE SCAFFOLDS FOR GROWTH DIRECTION GUIDANCE OF PC12 AXONS

CHITOSAN-COLLAGEN COMPOSITE SCAFFOLDS FOR GROWTH DIRECTION G...

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ASME 2024 International Design engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in engineering Conference, IDETC-CIE 2024

作者： Tsai, Po-Yu Lin, Ying-Ting Wang, Gou-Jen Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung-Hsing University Taichung Taiwan PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine National Chung-Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung-Hsing University Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888421

In this study, nerve conduits of chitosan and collagen composites with biocompatibility and biodegradability were fabricated. The effects of material composition and surface morphology on the axonal growth and directionality of rat epinephric pheochromocytoma PC12 were investigated. The cells were separated by a PDMS structure to simulate nerve injury, and the growth of axons of PC12 cells was observed under the separation of large gaps. At the same time, mitochondria extracted from osteosarcoma cybrid cells (C2-GFP) were added to the culture to investigate the effect of healthy mitochondria on axon differentiation and growth. The experimental results showed that the chitosan-collagen composite film can promote the growth of PC12 axons more effectively than the pure chitosan film. Cell culture results at different groove widths also showed that smaller grooves resulted in more axon numbers and longer axon lengths. Nerve injury simulation experiments showed that the nerve repair could be almost completed after 12 days of culture. Copyright © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Mitochondria

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Quantitative Assessment of Gait in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Using Deep Learning 4

Quantitative Assessment of Gait in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Us...

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4th IEEE International Conference on Electronic Communications, Internet of Things and Big Data, ICEIB 2024

作者： Lai, Ming-Hui Liu, Don-Gey Cheng, Ching-Hwa Lai, Chung-Yu Master's Program of Biomedical Informatics and Biomedical Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Feng Chia University Department of Electronic Engineering Taichung Taiwan Hungkuang University Department of Medical Equipment Development and Application Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360721

Spinocerebellar ataxia is a neurological disorder characterized by impaired neural coordination, leading to unstable gait, coordination difficulties, and other motor abnormalities. This disease significantly impacts patients' daily lives, making it challenging for them to maintain balance, walk smoothly, and even perform fine motor skills. The causes of spinocerebellar ataxia are diverse, including genetic factors, brain injuries, or certain diseases. Many patients with spinocerebellar ataxia require specialized medical care and ongoing monitoring to manage its effects. This study aims to utilize Human Posture Estimation to detect the gait patterns of patients with spinocerebellar ataxia and integrate it with a deep learning model to distinguish between normal and affected individuals. The outcomes offer physicians an objective diagnostic tool and facilitate early detection and intervention for patients with impaired gait, thereby supporting the enhancement or preservation of their quality of life. The current prediction accuracy for the risk of ataxia gait is 80%, with an F1 score of 78.26%. It is necessary to conduct a detailed quantitative assessment by analyzing the gait of patients with spinocerebellar ataxia. Quantitative evaluation of the data allows for an objective assessment of the patient's gait, which helps healthcare professionals to more accurately understand and assess the gait status of patients with spinocerebellar ataxia. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Gait analysis

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Fabrication of versatile poly(xylitol sebacate)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels through multifunctional crosslinkers and dynamic bonds for wound healing

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Acta Biomaterialia 2023年 170卷 344-359页

作者： Yeh, Ying-Yu Lin, Yi-Yun Wang, Ting-Teng Yeh, Yu-Jia Chiu, Ting-Hsiang Wang, Reuben Bai, Meng-Yi Yeh, Yi-Cheun Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Biomedical Engineering Program Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Institute of Food Safety and Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Adjunct Appointment to the Department of Biomedical Engineering National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan Program National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan GIP-TRIAD Master's Degree in Agro-Biomedical Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

Poly(polyol sebacate) (PPS) polymer family has been recognized as promising biomaterials for biomedical applications with their characteristics of easy production, elasticity, biodegradation, and cytocompatibility. Poly(xylitol sebacate)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) (PXS-co-PEG) has been developed to fabricate PPS-based hydrogels;however, current PXS-co-PEG hydrogels presented limited properties and functions due to the limitations of the crosslinkers and crosslinking chemistry used in the hydrogel formation. Here, we fabricate a new type of PXS-co-PEG hydrogels through the use of multifunctional crosslinkers as well as dynamic bonds. In our design, polyethyleneimine-polydopamine (PEI-PDA) macromers are utilized to crosslink aldehyde-functionalized PXS-co-PEG (APP) through imine bonds and hydrogen bonds. PEI-PDA/APP hydrogels present multiple functional properties (e.g., fluorescent, elastomeric, biodegradable, self-healing, bioadhesive, antioxidant, and antibacterial behaviors). These properties of PEI-PDA/APP hydrogels can be fine-tuned by changing the PDA grafting degrees in the PEI-PDA crosslinkers. Most importantly, PEI-PDA/APP hydrogels are considered promising wound dressings to promote tissue remodeling and prevent bacterial infection in vivo. Taken together, PEI-PDA/APP hydrogels have been demonstrated as versatile biomaterials to provide multiple tailorable properties and desirable functions to expand the utility of PPS-based hydrogels for advanced biomedical applications. Statement of significance: Various strategies have been developed to fabricate poly(polyol sebacate) (PPS)-based hydrogels. However, current PPS-based hydrogels present limited properties and functions due to the limitations of the crosslinkers and crosslinking chemistry used in the hydrogel formation. This work describes that co-engineering crosslinkers and interfacial crosslinking is a promising approach to synthesizing a new type of poly(xylitol sebacate)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) (PXS-co-

关键词： Polyols

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Compact Model Build Upon Dynamic Weighting Artificial Neural Network Approach for Complementary Field Effect Transistors

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IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 2024年第1期71卷 246-253页

作者： Butola, Rajat Li, Yiming Kola, Sekhar Reddy National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation The Institute of Artificial Intelligence Innovation National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program The Institute of Communications Engineering the Institute of Biomedical Engineering Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

In this work, a dynamic weighting-artificial neural network (DW-ANN) methodology is presented for quick and automated compact model (CM) generation. It takes advantage of both TCAD simulations for high accuracy and SPICE simulations for cost-effectiveness. This methodology is developed for gate-all-around (GAA) silicon (Si) nanosheet (NS) complementary field effect transistor (CFET), a potential candidate for future CMOS technology due to its innate properties. The critical process variation (PV) sources that severely degrade the CFET performance are estimated using DW-ANN. It reduces the computation cost and predicts the effects of PV sources with less than 1% error. Furthermore, a compact DW-ANN-based Verilog-A model has been developed that captures the dc as well as transient behavior accurately for circuit-level analysis. CFET-based circuits such as inverter, 6T-static random access memory (SRAM), and ring oscillator (RO) are characterized and implemented using DW-ANN-based CM. The overall average error of the model is reported as less than 2%. Therefore, the proposed device and circuit modeling approach provides a feasible solution for the rapid compact modeling of new emerging devices with good convergence and high accuracy. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Neural networks

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A Proposed Model for Calculate the Number of Mammography Machines for the South-West Area of Mexico 9th

A Proposed Model for Calculate the Number of Mammography Mac...

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9th Latin American Congress on biomedical engineering, CLAIB 2022 and 28th Brazilian Congress on biomedical engineering, CBEB 2022

作者： Martinez-Licona, Fabiola M. Martinez-Vazquez, Cipactli M. Electrical Engineering Department Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa Mexico City Mexico Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Biomedical Engineering Academic Program Iztapalapa Mexico City Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)9783031494093

Breast cancer is a global health problem. Mexican statistics show that 28.2% of new cancer cases in women come from the breast, so efforts must be made to control the burden of the disease. Early detection is an essential part of the social programs aimed at female populations at potential risk, and mammography machines are the technology used to perform screening methods. The possible coverage of a region is mainly affected by the available technological resources. This paper presents a proposal model to determine the number of mammography machines required to meet the State’s requirements of Guerrero, Oaxaca and Chiapas, as those in which there are municipalities with the highest social backwardness. The socioeconomic and demographic determinants, as well as the screening mammography demand data, were extracted from official Mexican agencies. The model variables were selected from the categories of target population, epidemiological indicators and infrastructure. Under the author’s heuristic assumptions, the analytic hierarchy process produced the weight that led to selecting the final set of variables. The resource allocation principles were used to adapt the Resource Allocation Working Party (RAWP) focus formula from population to equipment to calculate the State Weighted Machines using the mentioned category adjustments. Model results with 2017 and 2020 data showed that, on average, 50% more mammography machines are needed to cover around 46% of the female population 50–64 years old in the studied States. Further study and analysis of the determinants of access to the service and the equipment proposals are necessary. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Resource allocation

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