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Anticipation mechanism and influence of fatigue in body sway control

Anticipation mechanism and influence of fatigue in body sway...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： R. Mello L.F. Oliveira J. Nadal Biomedical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Biomechanics Laboratory EEFD Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The aim of this work was to identify the anticipatory mechanism and effects of fatigue of gastrocnemius muscle activity on the body sway control during quiet stance in upright position. Stabilometric and electromyographic (EMG) signals were synchronously collected from 23 subjects. The gastrocnemius fatigue was induced by a sustained plantar flexed posture until muscle failure. The acquisition lasted for 120 s before and after the induced fatigue. The stabilograms were subsampled to 5 Hz and the EMG was preprocessed to remove the 60 Hz mains noise and as its harmonics, by a tailor made digital Butterworth filter, order 20, band-pass with 10 and 300 Hz cut-of frequencies. After mean removal, the root mean square values of the EMG were calculated for each 200 ms window. The normalized cross correlation function was estimated between signals. Anticipation was verified before and after fatigue (p < 0.0001), and increased with fatigue (p < 0.02). Anticipation was identified as playing an important role in body sway regulation. The fatigue influence on the sway latency was not well established yet. A decrease on the rate of force production and the inertial moment of the body might contribute more to the increased latency than the posture control alterations itself.

关键词： Fatigue Electromyography Muscles Delay Power harmonic filters Band pass filters Digital filters Frequency Root mean square Production

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Stimulus artifact cancellation in click evoked otoacoustic emissions using linear prediction

Stimulus artifact cancellation in click evoked otoacoustic e...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： P.M. Tujal M.N. Souza Biomedical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ BR Biomed. Eng. Program Fed. Univ. of Rio de Janeiro Brazil

This paper describes a new method for extraction of click evoked otoacoustic emissions (CEOAE), where the stimulus artifact is eliminated by the use of linear predictive coding (LPC). In this method, the prediction coefficients are computed over the first samples of the click response, which is mainly formed by passive oscillations, and the unpredicted part of the remaining response is taken as the CEOAE signal. Preliminary tests were made with fifteen signals collected from normal hearing adults presenting stimulus artifacts in their responses. Results show the advantage of eliminating most of the stimulus artifact, while preserving a better signal-to-noise ratio than the standard nonlinear stimulus cancellation method.

关键词： Linear predictive coding Ear Irrigation Auditory system Signal to noise ratio Delay Frequency biomedical engineering Probes Microphones

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Comparative analysis of speech parameters for the design of speaker verification systems

Comparative analysis of speech parameters for the design of ...

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23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Souza, A.F. Souza, M.N. Biomedical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Speaker verification systems are basically composed of three stages: feature extraction, feature processing and comparison of the modified features from speaker voice and from the voice that should be verified. Many features have been used in the first stage, although the current literature has not already shown the best of them. Based on the biometrics hypothesis, which states that each individual has a physical characteristic that distinguishes itself from the others, this paper realized a comparison between 12 classical widely used parameters, in order to investigate the biometrics hypothesis. The obtained results point out those parameters directly correlated to speaker's anatomy which are among the best ones that can be used in the development of speaker verification systems.

关键词： Area function Biometrics Speaker verification

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Detection of first and second cardiac sounds based on time frequency analysis

Detection of first and second cardiac sounds based on time f...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： M.A.R. Santos M.N. Souza Biomedical Engineering Program-COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Biomedical Engineering Proram-COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Determining the exact timing o cardiac events, represented by the first (S1) and second (S2) sounds, from the PCG signals (phonocardiogram), represents a great challenge, specially in pathological cases. A system that allows this kind of detection could be used to synchronize several important biomedical devices and diagnosis techniques, such as intraaortic balloons and synchronous images of ultrasound, magnetic resonance and computerized tomography. This work presents a wavelet-based technique for S1 and S2 detection in PCG signals, that is able to perform a good detection in both normal and abnormal cases. It will be shown the criterion of choosing the most suitable wavelet from a set of classical ones, as well as the principles of the final detection method. The results in the analysis of 756 cardiac cycles, from 19 subjects, including normal and abnormal ones present an error ratio of 0.8%, point out to the efficiency of the proposed method.

关键词： Time frequency analysis Timing Heart Pathology Electrocardiography Signal analysis Frequency synchronization Wavelet transforms Performance analysis biomedical engineering

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Study of acoustic features of newborn cries that correlate with the context

Study of acoustic features of newborn cries that correlate w...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： H.E. Baeck M.N. Souza Program of Biomedical Engineering Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (COPPE-EE) Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Many researches related to the infant cry analysis intent to estimate the context and/or obtain objective information concerning the physical and emotional condition of newborns. Using several techniques in signal processing, peculiar acoustics features, such as the fundamental frequency and formants, are classically analyzed. However, the findings reveal the existence of some contests with respect to the conclusions. In this article a specific phonologic program was used to analyze the cry signal, aiming to investigate the real significance of some classical frequency domain parameters. The results point out that just two among four studied parameters seem to contribute in the analysis of the cry signal context. Beside the significance of the two parameters in such analysis, the problem complexity indicate that the more researches are necessary to find out new parameters, maybe correlated with psychoacoustic principles.

关键词： Pediatrics Signal analysis Information analysis Frequency domain analysis biomedical acoustics biomedical engineering Acoustic signal processing biomedical signal processing Psychology Humans

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Comparative analysis of speech parameters for the design of speaker verification systems

Comparative analysis of speech parameters for the design of ...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： A.F. Souza M.N. Souza Biomedical Engineering Program-COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Electronic Department E.E. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

关键词： Speech analysis Biometrics Covariance matrix Forensics Speaker recognition Feature extraction Robustness Predictive models Linear predictive coding biomedical engineering

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A comparison between impedance measured by a commercial analyzer and your value adjusted by a theoretical model in body composition evaluation

A comparison between impedance measured by a commercial anal...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： C.E.B. Neves M.N. Souza Biomedical Engineering Program - COPPE/UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Exercise Physiology Laboratory Estácio de Sá University Nova Friburgo Brazil Electronics Department-EE/UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The use of an electrical current for the evaluation of several physiological variables in the human body is not a recent technique but continues to awaken great interest in the research community. One of the greatest applications for such a technique is the study of body composition through bioimpedance, where generally a equipment with a tetrapolar array set of electrodes is used to realize the bioimpedance measurement. The aim of the present work is to show that the bioimpedance measured is normally sub-estimated and to develop a correction factor for such values. The comparison between the original bioimpedance values, obtained by commercial equipment, and their corrected values, in body composition evaluation, will be shown. Body composition tests were conducted on 10 male subjects. Besides the bioimpedance analysis, anthropometric measures consisting of height, weight and skinfold-thickness were also obtained from the subjects to allow an estimation of the body composition by anthropometric equations established in the literature. The comparison results point to a better correlation (Pearson coefficient, r = 0.9735) between the anthropometric estimated fat-free mass (FFM) and the estimated value by the corrected bioimpedance adjusted, when compared with the original ones Pearson coefficient, r = 0.9487.

关键词： Impedance measurement Electrodes Bioimpedance biomedical measurements Voltage Bioelectric phenomena Preamplifiers Current measurement biomedical engineering Physiology

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Arrhythmia analysis using artificial neural network and decimated electrocardiographic data

Arrhythmia analysis using artificial neural network and deci...

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Computers in Cardiology 2000

作者： Melo, S.L. Calôba, L.P. Nadal, J. Electrical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Biomedical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Biomedical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro P.O. Box 68510 21945-970 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ Brazil

This work shows an Artificial Neural Network using the Kohonen Layer architecture in a modified approach to support supervised learning, and the evaluation of its performance in the classification of QRS complexes of the Electrocardiogram (ECG) from patients with cardiac arrhythmias. A second aim of this study was to investigate the ability of ANN to classify QRS complexes when the original data samples are used as input variables. The classifier was developed and tested with the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. The obtained results become equivalent to the most sophisticated methods in the literature when input data are properly pre-processed and the final classifier is allowed to adapt to the normal pattern of each analyzed patient.

关键词： Cardiology

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ECG data compression using wavelets

ECG data compression using wavelets

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Computers in Cardiology 2000

作者： Chagas, A.V. Da Silva, E.A.B. Nadal, J. Biomedical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Electrical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Biomedical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro P.O. Box 68510 21945-970 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ Brazil

This work aims to apply the discrete biorthogonal wavelet transform and adaptive arithmetic encoding (AAE) for ECG data compression. Using the 9-7 linear phase biorthogonal wavelet and symmetric extension at the signal boundaries, the number of subband samples required for synthesis becomes the same as the ones of the original data. The encoding EZW algorithm was used to explore the similarities between subbands, and AAE to represent the generated symbols with a rate close to its entropy. Such method was applied to MIT-BIH Arryhythmia Database (24 Hs, 2 channels of data sampled with a 360 Hz with 11 bits), for different compression ratios (CR). Fixing CR to 12:1, the data shape is preserved. The obtained PRD, 3.58±1.56% (mean±standard deviation), indicates the suitability of the method.

关键词： Electrocardiography

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Arrhythmia analysis using artificial neural network and decimated electrocardiographic data

Arrhythmia analysis using artificial neural network and deci...

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Computers in Cardiology (CinC)

作者： S.L. Melo L.P. Caloba J. Nadal Electrical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Biomedical Engineering Program COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

This work shows an artificial neural network using the Kohonen Layer architecture in a modified approach to support supervised learning, and the evaluation of its performance in the classification of QRS complexes of the electrocardiogram (EGG) from patients with cardiac arrhythmias. A second aim of this study was to investigate the ability of ANN to classify QRS complexes when the original data samples are used as input variables. The classifier was developed and tested with the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. The obtained results become equivalent to the most sophisticated methods in the literature when input data are properly pre-processed and the final classifier is allowed to adapt to the normal pattern of each analyzed patient.

关键词： Artificial neural networks Supervised learning Electrocardiography Input variables Testing Databases Rhythm biomedical engineering Pattern analysis Cardiac disease

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