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Structural characterization and strengthening mechanism of forsterite nanostructured scaffolds synthesized by multistep sintering method

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2018年第12期34卷 2263-2270页

作者： Fariborz Tavangarian Abbas Fahami Guoqiang Li Mohammadhassan Kazemi Anoosha Forghani Mechanical Engineering Program School of ScienceEngineering and TechnologyPennsylvania State University Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University Department of Mechanical and industrial Engineering Louisiana State University Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University at Buffalo Department of Biomedical Engineering Millennium Science ComplexPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park

In this study, highly porous forsterite scaffolds with interconnected porosities were synthesized using multi-step sintering(MSS) method. The starting powder was nanosized forsterite, which was synthesized from talc and magnesium carbonate powders. The phase composition, average particle size and morphology of the produced forsterite powder were characterized by X-ray diffraction technique(XRD) and transition electron microscopy(TEM). Forsterite scaffolds were produced by foamy method using polymeric sponges. MSS process including three steps was used to efficiently sinter the forsterite nanopowders without destroying the initial porous structure of polymeric sponges. The results showed that MSS technique is an efficient and appropriate procedure to produce highly porous forsterite scaffolds with pore size in the range of 100-300 μm. The compressive strength, compressive modulus and porosity of C12 specimen(sintered at 1650℃ for 1 h with subsequent annealing at 1000℃ for 1000 min) was 1.88 MPa, 29.2 MPa, and 72.4%, respectively, which is very close to that of cancellous bone. The approach studied in this research can be developed for other nanostructure ceramics to produce highly porous scaffolds with interconnected porosities for load bearing applications.

关键词： Forsterite Multi-step sintering Scaffolds Porosity

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Benchmark problems for transcranial ultrasound simulation: Intercomparison of compressional wave models

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Aubry, Jean-Francois Bates, Oscar Boehm, Christian Pauly, Kim Butts Christensen, Douglas Cueto, Carlos Gélat, Pierre Guasch, Lluis Jaros, Jiri Jing, Yun Jones, Rebecca Li, Ningrui Marty, Patrick Montanaro, Hazael Neufeld, Esra Pichardo, Samuel Pinton, Gianmarco Pulkkinen, Aki Stanziola, Antonio Thielscher, Axel Treeby, Bradley Van't Wout, Elwin Physics for Medicine Paris INSERM U1273 ESPCI Paris PSL University CNRS UMR 8063 France Department of Bioengineering Imperial College London Exhibition Road LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Institute of Geophysics ETH Zürich Sonneggstrasse 5 Zürich8092 Switzerland Department of Radiology Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Utah United States Department of Surgical Biotechnology Division of Surgery and Interventional Science University College London LondonNW3 2PF United Kingdom Earth Science and Engineering Department Imperial College London London United Kingdom Centre of Excellence IT4Innovations Faculty of Information Technology Brno University of Technology Bozetechova 2 Brno612 00 Czech Republic Graduate Program in Acoustics The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA16802 United States Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill North Carolina State University NC United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA United States Zurich Switzerland Laboratory for Acoustics / Noise control Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Dubendorf Switzerland Zurich Switzerland Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences Departments Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Canada Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio70211 Finland Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom Technical University of Denmark Denmark Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Denmark Institute for Mathematical and Computational Engineering School of Engineering and Faculty of Mathematics Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Santiago Chile

Computational models of acoustic wave propagation are frequently used in transcranial ultrasound therapy, for example, to calculate the intracranial pressure field or to calculate phase delays to correct for skull distortions. To allow intercomparison between the different modeling tools and techniques used by the community, an international working group was convened to formulate a set of numerical benchmarks. Here, these benchmarks are presented, along with intercomparison results. Nine different benchmarks of increasing geometric complexity are defined. These include a single-layer planar bone immersed in water, a multi-layer bone, and a whole skull. Two transducer configurations are considered (a focused bowl and a plane piston), giving a total of 18 permutations of the benchmarks. Eleven different modeling tools are used to compute the benchmark results. The models span a wide range of numerical techniques, including the finite-difference time-domain method, angular-spectrum method, pseudospectral method, boundary-element method, and spectral-element method. Good agreement is found between the models, particularly for the position, size, and magnitude of the acoustic focus within the skull. When comparing results for each model with every other model in a cross comparison, the median values for each benchmark for the difference in focal pressure and position are less than 10% and 1 mm, respectively. The benchmark definitions, model results, and intercomparison codes are freely available to facilitate further comparisons. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bone

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Therapeutic targeting of hepatocellular carcinoma cells with antrocinol, a novel, dual-specificity, small-molecule inhibitor of the KRAS and ERK oncogenic signaling pathways

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Chemico-Biological Interactions 2023年 370卷 110329页

作者： Hsu, Chia-Hung Weng, Pei-Wei Chen, Ming-Yao Yeh, Chi-Tai Setiawan, Syahru Agung Yadav, Vijesh Kumar Wu, Alexander T.H. Tzeng, David T.W. Gong, Jian-Xian Yang, Zhen Tzeng, Yew-Min Department of Emergency Medicine Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City 23561 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control College of Public Health Taipei Medical University Taipei City 11031 Taiwan Department of Emergency Medicine School of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Department of Orthopaedics School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Department of Orthopaedics Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City 23561 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine Shuang Ho Hospital New Taipei City 23561 Taiwan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Continuing Education Program of Food Biotechnology Applications College of Science and Engineering National Taitung University Taitung 95092 Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Ph.D. Program of Translational Medicine College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Lifebit London EC2A 2AP United Kingdom Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China Department of Applied Science National Taitung University Taitung

Until recently, sorafenib has been the only treatment approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Some patients, however, exhibit resistance to this treatment and subsequently experience cancer progression, recurrence, or death. Therefore, identifying a new alternative treatment for patients with little or no response to sorafenib treatment is vital. In this study, we explored the therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanism of antrocinol ((3aS,4R,6aS,10aR)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-7,7-dimethyldecahydro-1H-naphtho[1,8a-c]furan-1-one) in patients with HCC. The results indicated that antrocinol was more therapeutically effective than antrocin, Stivarga, and sorafenib against HCC cell lines. Antrocinol also substantially suppressed the expression of KRAS-GTP, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, and p-AKT in the Huh7 cell line. Additionally, antrocinol-induced apoptosis in the Huh7 cell line, inhibited the formation of tumorspheres, and suppressed the expression of cancer stem cell markers CD133, KLF4, CD44, OCT4, SOX2, and c-Myc. Animal studies revealed that antrocinol alone considerably suppressed tumor growth in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice inoculated with Huh7 tumorspheres. It also synergistically enhanced the anticancer effect of sorafenib, resulting in enhanced suppression of tumor growth (p < 0.001) and tumorsphere formation (p < 0.001). In tumor samples resected from mice treated with antrocinol alone or in combination with sorafenib, immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increase in BAX expression and a decrease in ERK and AKT protein expression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the anti-HCC activity of antrocinol. With its higher therapeutic efficacy than that of sorafenib, antrocinol is a candidate drug for patients with HCC who demonstrate little or no response to sorafenib treatment. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Antrocinol Cancer stemness Hepatocellular carcinoma KRAS/AKT/ERK axis Sorafenib

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DNA origami technology for biomedical applications: Challenges and opportunities

MedComm - Biomaterials and Applications

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MedComm - Biomaterials and Applications 2023年第2期2卷

作者： Li, Ling Nie, Shihong Du, Ting Zhao, Jiaxuan Chen, Xiaoyuan West China School of Public Health West China Fourth Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy Sichuan University Chengdu China Department of Radiation Oncology Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China Non-coding RNA and Drug Discovery Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Medical College Chengdu China Departments of Diagnostic Radiology Surgery Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Clinical Imaging Research Centre Centre for Translational Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Nanomedicine Translational Research Program NUS Center for Nanomedicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore

DNA origami, a promising branch of structural DNA technology, refers to the technique of folding a single-stranded DNA scaffold into well-defined nanostructures. In recent years, DNA origami nanostructures have shown considerable promise in a variety of biomedical applications, owing to their biodegradability, unique programmability, and addressability. Despite their popularity, the biomedical application of DNA origami techniques, which exploits their unique programmability and addressability, is rare in previous studies. Most recently, mounting evidence has demonstrated the robustness of DNA origami nanostructures in the spatial organization of functional components at the nanoscale in the biomedical field. These examples provide typical paradigms to fully realize the potential of DNA origami techniques by taking advantage of their unique programmability and addressability. This minireview summarizes the recent advancements of DNA origami techniques in biosensing, biocatalysis, and drug delivery, and the representative examples using DNA origami nanostructures for the spatial organization of functional molecules with nanometric precision are highlighted. We further discuss the possible limitations and challenges for in vivo applications, including stability issues and potential immunogenicity, and finally, propose some strategies to overcome these obstacles to fully realize the potential of DNA origami techniques in biomedical applications. © 2023 The Authors. MedComm – Biomaterials and Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Sichuan International Medical Exchange & Promotion Association (SCIMEA).

关键词： biocatalysis biosensing DNA nanotechnology DNA origami

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Haptic display for virtual reality: progress and challenges

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2019年第2期1卷 136-162页

作者： Dangxiao WANG Yuan GUO Shiyi LIU Yuru ZHANG Weiliang XU Jing XIAO State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of AucklandAuckland 1142New Zealand School of Computer Science and the Robotics Engineering Program Worcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterMA 01609-2280USA

Immersion, interaction, and imagination are three features of virtual reality (VR). Existing VR systems possess fairly realistic visual and auditory feedbacks, and however, are poor with haptic feedback, by means of which human can perceive the physical world via abundant haptic properties. Haptic display is an interface aiming to enable bilateral signal communications between human and computer, and thus to greatly enhance the immersion and interaction of VR systems. This paper surveys the paradigm shift of haptic display occurred in the past 30 years, which is classified into three stages, including desktop haptics, surface haptics, and wearable haptics. The driving forces, key technologies and typical applications in each stage are critically reviewed. Toward the future high-fidelity VR interaction, research challenges are highlighted concerning handheld haptic device, multimodal haptic device, and high fidelity haptic rendering. In the end, the importance of understanding human haptic perception for designing effective haptic devices is addressed.

关键词： Haptic display Virtual reality Desktop haptics Surface haptics Wearable haptics Multimodal haptics

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Triple-Layered Carbon-SiO₂ Composite Membrane for High Energy Density and Long Cycling Li-S Batteries

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ACS Nano 2019年第5期13卷 5900-5909页

作者： Kou, Wei Li, Xiangcun Liu, Yang Zhang, Xiaopeng Yang, Shaoran Jiang, Xiaobin He, Gaohong Dai, Yan Zheng, Wenji Yu, Guihua State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Chemical Engineering Department Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Hong Kong Hong Kong Materials Science and Engineering Program Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin 78712 TX United States

Here we report a highly scalable yet flexible triple-layer structured porous C/SiO2 membrane via a facile phase inversion method for advancing Li-sulfur battery technology. As a multifunctional current-collector-free ... 详细信息

Here we report a highly scalable yet flexible triple-layer structured porous C/SiO₂ membrane via a facile phase inversion method for advancing Li-sulfur battery technology. As a multifunctional current-collector-free cathode, the conductive dense layer of the C/SiO₂ membrane offers hierarchical macropores as an ideal sulfur host to alleviate the volume expansion of sulfur species and facilitate ion/electrolyte transport for fast kinetics, as well as spongelike pores to enable high sulfur loading. The triple-layer structured membrane cathode enables the filling of most sulfur species in the macropores and additional loading of a thin sulfur slurry on the membrane surface, which facilitates ion/electrolyte transport with faster kinetics than the conventional S/C slurry-based cathode. Furthermore, density functional theory simulations and visual adsorption measurements confirm the critical role of the doped SiO₂ nanoparticles (∼10 nm) in the asymmetric C membrane in suppressing the shuttle effect of polysulfides via chemisorption and electrocatalysis. The rationally designed C/SiO₂ membrane cathodes demonstrate long-term cycling stability of 300 cycles at a high sulfur loading of 2.8 mg cm^-2 with a sulfur content of ∼75%. This scalable yet flexible self-supporting cathode design presents a useful strategy for realizing practical applications of high-performance Li-S batteries. © 2019 American Chemical Society.

关键词： C/SiO2 membrane energy storage Li-S batteries multifunctional phase-inversion

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Protect transgender scientists

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science 2025年第6753期388卷 1283-1284页

作者： Nasa Sinnott-Armstrong Desiree Forsythe Jane M Benoit Callie R. Chappell Lisa S. Y. Coe Bruno Francesco Rodrigues de Oliveira Natalya Evans Anna C. Fagre Jonathan M. Gilligan Maria Hamilton Colin Moran Henneberry Suzanne L. Ishaq Juliet Johnston Erin Krichilsky Jamie Alcira Lopez Kay McMonigal Melanie Ortiz Alvarez de la Campa Rahmeen Rahman Nicole E. Schwartz Lauren Talluto Eric J. Taylor José M. Vargas-Muñiz J. L. Weissman Herbold Computational Biology Program Public Health Sciences Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center Seattle WA USA. Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA USA. Department of Biology Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA USA. Department of Biological Science Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA. Department of Biology Stanford University Stanford CA USA. Department of Biology and Genetics Institute University of Florida Gainesville FL USA. School of Teaching and Learning College of Education University of Florida Gainesville FL USA. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Biomedical Institute Fluminense Federal University Niterói RJ Brazil. Marine Science Institute University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USA. Department of Microbiology Immunology and Pathology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA. Department Civil and Environmental Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA. Department of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens GA USA. Department of Ecology and Evolution Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA. Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences University of Maine Orono ME USA. Microbes and Social Equity working group Orono ME USA. School of Science and Math Hampshire College Amherst MA USA. American Museum of Natural History Richard Gilder Graduate School New York NY USA. Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY USA. Department of Bioengineering Stanford University Stanford CA USA. Department of Applied Physics Stanford University Stanford CA USA. College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Brown University Providence RI USA. Department of Infectious Disease Imperial College London London UK. Depart

Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGnC) people are a primary target of the Trump administration. Multiple executive orders seek to erase TGnC protections; mandate denial of gender identity; and ban diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) (1). Changes to federal funding policies related to TGnC individuals and DEI threaten to curtail academic diversity and freedom (2). Institutions have been hesitant to resist, but for many TGnC scientists—especially TGnC individuals of color, immigrants, and those with disabilities—invisibility is not an option. Anticipatory obedience (3, 4), and even passive allyship, is insufficient; institutions must abandon neutrality and defend targeted communities to minimize further harm (5, 6). As queer and TGnC scientists, we call on researchers at all levels—from undergraduates to university presidents—to take direct, consistent, and rapid action.

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Phytotherapeutic potential of Campomanesia xanthocarpa (Mart.) O. Berg: antitumor effects in vitro and in silico, with emphasis on SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells-a study on leaf and fruit infusions

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In silico pharmacology 2024年第2期12卷 105页

作者： Vanessa Ruana Ferreira da Silva Gilnei Bruno da Silva Daiane Manica Carolina Turnes Pasini Deolindo Margarete Dulce Bagatini Aniela Pinto Kempka Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology State University of Santa Catarina Lages SC Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC Brazil. Ministry of AgricultureLivestock and Food Supply Federal Agricultural Defense Laboratory São José SC Brazil. Department of Food Science and Technology Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Sciences Federal University of Fronteira Sul Chapecó SC Brazil. Department of Food Engineering and Chemical Engineering Santa Catarina State University Fernando de Noronha Street BR 282 Km 573.5 Pinhalzinho SC 89870-000 Brazil.

The study investigated the efficacy of Campomanesia xanthocarpa infusions on human melanoma cells (SK-MEL-28). The phytochemical profile revealed 18 phenolic compounds in the leaf infusion and 9 in the fruit infusion. After 24 h of treatment, the infusions demonstrated antineoplastic effects, reducing cell viability at all tested concentrations for the leaf infusion. For the fruit infusion, a significant reduction in cell viability was observed specifically at the 800 μg/mL concentration. Fluorescence microscopy and mitochondrial membrane potential results indicated that the leaf infusion was more effective in reducing cell viability and mitochondrial function in SK-MEL-28 cells, possibly due to its greater variety of phenolic compounds compared to the fruit infusion. The leaf infusion also induced higher production of intracellular reactive oxygen species compared to the fruit infusion. Protein sulfhydryl levels were reduced for the leaf infusion. Epigallocatechin gallate, Isoquercitrin, Rutin, Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, Chlorogenic acid, and Ellagic acid were identified as the main compounds with activity against SK-MEL-28 cells. Molecular docking analysis underscored factors such as affinity, cavity size, binding mode, and contact residues with specific compounds chosen for their favorable properties in targeting BRAF, CDK4, CDK6, MEK1, and MEK2. The variability in binding affinities may directly influence the compounds' ability to inhibit different signaling pathways related to cancer cell growth and proliferation. The results suggest that phenolic compounds from C. xanthocarpa extracts have therapeutic potential and could contribute to melanoma therapies.

关键词： Antineoplastic effect Bioactive compounds Cell viability Molecular docking SK-MEL-28 Simultaneous inhibitions

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The Process We Call Earth: Relationships Between Dynamic Feedbacks and the Search for Gaiasignatures in a New Paradigm of Earthlikeness

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists

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Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists 2024年第1期5卷

作者： Michael L. Wong Marissa Duckett Emilia S. Hernandez Vahab Rajaei Kayla J. Smith Earth and Planets Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science Washington DC USA NASA Hubble Fellowship Program Space Telescope Science Institute Baltimore MD USA M. L. Wong Population Biology Ecology and Evolution Graduate Program Graduate Division of Biological & Biomedical Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA USA Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of California Davis Davis CA USA Alaska Center for Energy and Power University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA NASA Center for the Origins of Life Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA Environmental Engineering Program Department of Water Resources Management Central State University Wilberforce OH USA

Standard notions of an “Earthlike” planet rely solely on physical and material properties, like planetary mass, radius, and surface temperature. Here, we introduce a novel, relational perspective on what defines “Earthlikeness.” In our process-based framework, rocky planets are local pockets of free energy that have the potential to drive the emergence of dynamically persistent systems that coevolve with one another. Examples of dynamically persistent planetary phenomena include magnetic dynamos, mantle convection, tectonic regimes, deep volatile cycles, global climate feedbacks, biogeochemical cycles, and the biosphere. When two or more processes couple to one another such that they gain causal efficacy over one another's persistence, some degree of planetary-scale homeostasis may emerge. In astrobiology, Earthlike exoplanets are often considered to be priority targets for the search for life elsewhere. We suggest that a process-based framework for Earthlikeness has the potential to widen our search space and inspire novel planetary-scale biosignatures, or “Gaiasignatures,” that may be essential for detecting exoplanetary biospheres. Additionally, a process-based view of life can influence the development of agnostic biosignatures at all scales. In contrast to the dominant scientific perspective, which has tended to engender a materialistic worldview, relational ontologies may contribute to our scientific understanding of Earth as a network of dynamically persistent systems, humanity as an integral part of nature, and the search for life in the universe. A process-based framework may offer a better gauge of a planetary body's degree of “Earthlikeness” than physical or material considerations The search for life on exoplanets may require looking for “Gaiasignatures”—signs of a biosphere coupling with its geosphere in a dynamically persistent fashion By virtue of contrasting with dominant scientific worldviews, the ontology of relationality intrinsic to a process-bas

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Experimental Self-Characterization of Quantum Measurements

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Physical Review Letters 2020年第4期124卷 040402-040402页

作者： Aonan Zhang Jie Xie Huichao Xu Kaimin Zheng Han Zhang Yiu-Tung Poon Vlatko Vedral Lijian Zhang National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation (Ministry of Education) College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and School of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Department of Mathematics Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Center for Quantum Computing Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China Atomic and Laser Physics Clarendon Laboratory University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX13PU United Kingdom Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 2 117543 Singapore

The accurate and reliable description of measurement devices is a central problem in both observing uniquely nonclassical behaviors and realizing quantum technologies from powerful computing to precision metrology. To date quantum tomography is the prevalent tool to characterize quantum detectors. However, such a characterization relies on accurately characterized probe states, rendering reliability of the characterization lost in circular argument. Here we report a self-characterization method of quantum measurements based on reconstructing the response range—the entirety of attainable measurement outcomes, eliminating the reliance on known states. We characterize two representative measurements implemented with photonic setups and obtain fidelities above 99.99% with the conventional tomographic reconstructions. This initiates range-based techniques in characterizing quantum systems and foreshadows novel device-independent protocols of quantum information applications.

关键词： Quantum information processing Quantum measurements Quantum optics Quantum tomography

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