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2023 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2023

作者： Casement, Sean Shen, Yantao Zhang, Mengjun University of Nevada Mechanical Engineering Department RenoNV89557 United States University of Nevada Electrical and Biomedical Engineering & Mechanical Engineering Departments RenoNV89557 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325706

The locomotion of snakes is unique as it allows snakes to efficiently navigate complex and uneven terrains without articulated limbs. This movement pattern is attractive in the field of robotics exactly for its hyper redundancy, versatility, and lack of requirement for relatively complex locomotive systems. Snake-like robots that imitate these movement patterns are uniquely suited for use in extreme and hostile environments like deep sea exploration and outer space. Controlling robots in environments like these requires lots of training and intense concentration during operation. Voice User Interfaces (VUIs) can be used to bypass much of the need for this training and attention to operation by abstracting the direct control of a robotic system into the domain of speech. The design and implementation of a VUI demonstrating this idea is discussed here. The basic structure of a VUI is described and the implementation of a VUI in conjunction with a snake robot is shown. In experimentation the performance of the VUIs components were evaluated and the navigation of an obstacle course via the developed VUI and a remote controller were compared. The command recognition capability of the VUI was found to be 96% and the ability of the VUI to enable navigation of the obstacle course was found to be comparable considering the differences of the control formats. © 2023 IEEE.

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Comparative assessment of force,temperature,and wheel wear in sustainable grinding aerospace alloy using biolubricant

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Frontiers of mechanical engineering 2023年第1期18卷 1-33页

作者： Xin CUI Changhe LI Yanbin ZHANG Wenfeng DING Qinglong AN Bo LIU Hao Nan LI Zafar SAID Shubham SHARMA Runze LI Sujan DEBNATH School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Sichuan Future Aerospace Industry LLC. Shifang 618400China School of Aerospace University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100China College of Engineering University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical Engineering IK Gujral Punjab Technical UniversityPunjab 144603India Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Mechanical Engineering Department Curtin UniversityMiri 98009Malaysia

The substitution of biolubricant for mineral cutting fluids in aerospace material grinding is an inevitable development direction,under the requirements of the worldwide carbon emission ***,serious tool wear and workpiece damage in difficult-to-machine material grinding challenges the availability of using biolubricants via minimum quantity *** primary cause for this condition is the unknown and complex influencing mechanisms of the biolubricant physicochemical properties on *** this review,a comparative assessment of grindability is performed using titanium alloy,nickel-based alloy,and high-strength ***,this work considers the physicochemical properties as the main factors,and the antifriction and heat dissipation behaviours of biolubricant in a high temperature and pressure interface are comprehensively ***,the comparative assessment of force,temperature,wheel wear and workpiece surface for titanium alloy,nickel-based alloy,and high-strength steel confirms that biolubricant is a potential replacement of traditional cutting fluids because of its improved lubrication and cooling ***-viscosity biolubricant and nano-enhancers with high thermal conductivity are recommended for titanium alloy to solve the burn puzzle of the *** with high viscosity and high fatty acid saturation characteristics should be used to overcome the bottleneck of wheel wear and nickel-based alloy surface *** nano-enhancers with high hardness and spherical characteristics are better ***,a different option is available for high-strength steel grinding,which needs low-viscosity biolubricant to address the debris breaking difficulty and wheel ***,the current challenges and potential methods are proposed to promote the application of biolubricant.

关键词： grinding aerospace difficult-to-machine material biolubricant physicochemical property grindability

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Self-synchronization of reinjected droplets for highefficiency droplet pairing and merging

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第2期9卷 181-192页

作者： Lang Nan Tianjiao Mao Ho Cheung Shum Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre Hong Kong Science ParkShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina

Droplet merging serves as a powerful tool to add reagents to moving droplets for biological and chemical ***,unsynchronized droplet pairing impedes high-effciency ***,we develop a microfluidic design for the self-synchronization of reinjected droplets.A periodic increase in the hydrodynamic resistance caused by droplet blocking a T-junction enables automatic pairing of *** inducing spacing,the paired droplets merge downstream under an electric *** blockage-based design can achieve a 100%synchronization efficiency even when the mismatch rate of droplet frequencies reaches 10%.Over 98%of the droplets can still be synchronized at nonuniform droplet sizes and fluctuating reinjection flow ***,the droplet pairing ratio can be adjusted flexibly for on-demand sample *** this system,we merge two groups of droplets encapsulating enzyme/substrate,demonstrating its capacity to conduct multi-step *** also combine droplet sorting and merging to coencapsulate single cells and single beads,providing a basis for high-efficiency single-cell *** expect that this system can be integrated with other droplet manipulation systems for a broad range of chemical and biological applications.

关键词： field merge spacing

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Mitochondria-specific near-infrared photoactivation of peroxynitrite upconversion luminescent nanogenerator for precision cancer gas therapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 378-391页

作者： Hui Yu Aliya Tiemuer Xufeng Yao Mingyuan Zuo Hai-Yan Wang Yi Liu Xiaoyuan Chen Department of Biomedical Engineering School of EngineeringChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China School of Mechanical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China Departments of Diagnostic Radiology SurgeryChemical and Biomolecular Engineeringand Biomedical EngineeringYong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119074Singapore Clinical Imaging Research Centre Centre for Translational MedicineYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117599Singapore Nanomedicine Translational Research Program Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for ScienceTechnologyand Research(A*STAR)ProteosSingapore 138673Singapore

Gas therapy is emerging as a highly promising therapeutic strategy for cancer ***,there are limitations,including the lack of targeted subcellular organelle accuracy and spatiotemporal release precision,associated with gas *** this study,we developed a series of photoactivatable nitric oxide(NO)donors NRh-R-NO(R=Me,Et,Bn,iPr,and Ph)based on an N-nitrosated upconversion luminescent rhodamine *** the irradiation of 808 nm light,only NRh-Ph-NO could effectively release NO and NRh-Ph with a significant turn-on frequency upconversion luminescence(FUCL)signal at 740 nm,ascribed to lower N-N bond dissociation *** also investigated the involved multistage near-infrared-controlled cascade release of gas therapy,including the NO released from NRh-Ph-NO along with one NRh-Ph molecule generation,the superoxide anion O_(2)^(⋅−)produced by the photodynamic therapy(PDT)effect of NRh-Ph,and highly toxic peroxynitrite anion(ONOO‒)generated from the co-existence of NO and O_(2)^(⋅−).After mild nano-modification,the nanogenerator(NRh-Ph-NO NPs)empowered with superior biocompatibility could target *** an 808 nm laser irradiation,NRh-Ph-NO NPs could induce NO/ROS to generate RNS,causing a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential and initiating apoptosis by caspase-3 activation,which further induced tumor immunogenic cell death(ICD).In vivo therapeutic results of NRh-Ph-NO NPs showed augmented RNS-potentiated gas therapy,demonstrating excellent biocompatibility and effective tumor inhibition guided by real-time FUCL ***,this versatile strategy defines the targeted RNS-mediated cancer therapy.

关键词： Near infrared Photo-triggered Mitochondrion Upconversion luminescent bioimaging Peroxynitrite Nanogenerator Gas therapy In vivo

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A Self‑Powered Piezoelectric Nanofibrous Membrane as Wearable Tactile Sensor for Human Body Motion Monitoring and Recognition

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第4期5卷 1417-1430页

作者： Jingcheng Li Jing Yin Mei Gui Vanessa Wee Amutha Chinnappan Seeram Ramakrishna Centre for Nanotechnology and Sustainability Department of Mechanical EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117081Singapore National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk College of Textile and Clothing EngineeringSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program NUS Graduate SchoolNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore

Wearable sensors have drawn vast interest for their convenience to be worn on body to monitor and track body movements or exercise activities in real ***,wearable electronics rely on powering systems to ***,a self-powered,porous,flexible,hydrophobic and breathable nanofibrous membrane based on electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)nanofiber has been developed as a tactile sensor with low-cost and simple fabrication for human body motion detection and ***,effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes(CNT)and barium titanate(BTO)as additives to the fiber morphology as well as mechanical and dielectric properties of the piezoelectric nanofiber membrane were *** fabricated BTO@PVDF piezoelectric nanogenerator(PENG)exhibits the highβ-phase content and best overall electrical performances,thus selected for the flexible sensing device ***,the nanofibrous membrane demonstrated robust tactile sensing performance that the device exhibits durability over 12,000 loading test cycles,holds a fast response time of 82.7 ms,responds to a wide pressure range of 0-5 bar and shows a high relative sensitivity,especially in the small force range of 11.6 V/bar upon pressure applied perpendicular to the ***,when attached on human body,its unique fibrous and flexible structure offers the tactile sensor to present as a health care monitor in a self-powered manner by translating motions of different movements to electrical signals with various patterns or sequences.

关键词： Electrospinning Nanofiber Piezoelectric sensor PENG Wearable Self-powered device

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Engineered Janus hydrogels: biomimetic surface engineering and biomedical applications

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National Science Review 2024年第10期11卷 350-367页

作者： Mingfei Pan Tao Shui Ziqian Zhao Li Xiang Bin Yan Ning Gu Hongbo Zeng Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta Changzhou Second People's Hospital Changzhou Medical Center Nanjing Medical University School of Materials Science and Engineering Southeast University School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments Southeast University National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture College of Biomass Science and Engineering Sichuan University Nanjing Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Information and Health Engineering Medicine Institute of Clinical Medicine Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Medical School Nanjing University

Hydrogel bioadhesives, when applied to dysfunctional tissues substituting the epidermis or endothelium,exhibit compelling characteristics that enable revolutionary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Despite their demonstrated efficacy, these hydrogels as soft implants are still limited by improper symmetric surface functions, leading to postoperative complications and disorders. Janus hydrogel bioadhesives with unique asymmetric surface designs have thus been proposed as a reliable and biocompatible hydrogel interface,mimicking the structural characteristics of natural biological barriers. In this comprehensive review, we provide guidelines for the rational design of Janus hydrogel bioadhesives, covering methods for hydrogel surface chemistry and microstructure engineering. The engineering of Janus hydrogels is highlighted,specifically in tuning the basal surface to facilitate instant and robust hydrogel-tissue integration and modulating the apical surface as the anti-adhesion, anti-fouling, and anti-wear barrier. These asymmetric designs hold great potential in clinical translation, supporting applications including hemostasis/tissue sealing, chronic wound management, and regenerative medicine. By shedding light on the potential of Janus hydrogels as bioactive interfaces, this review paper aims to inspire further research and overcome current obstacles for advancing soft matter in next-generation healthcare.

关键词： interfacial science bionics hydrogel bioadhesives asymmetric surfaces

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Microfluidics for High Throughput Screening of Biological Agents and Therapeutics

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biomedical Materials and Devices 2025年第1期3卷 93-107页

作者： Bhusal, Anant Yogeshwaran, Swaprakash Goodarzi Hosseinabadi, Hossein Cecen, Berivan Miri, Amir K. Department of Mechanical Engineering Rowan University Glassboro 08028 NJ United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst 01003 MA United States Department of Biomedical Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark 07901 NJ United States Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University Medical Center Göttingen Robert-Koch-Str. 40 Göttingen 37075 Germany Department of Biomedical Engineering Rowan University Glassboro 08028 NJ United States

Microfluidic devices have been widely used for gene analysis, immunoassays, organ-on-chip technology, cell engineering, and disease modeling. Their integration into high throughput screening (HTS) platforms has led to large-scale testing of various biological and chemical agents. This brief review discusses existing microfluidic HTS modalities, including the droplet mode, the perfusion mode, and the array-based platforms in active or passive designs, by exploring their fabrication methods and key design features. The main compartments are discussed, and the future trajectories of microfluidic HTS platforms, particularly in drug screening, are explained in detail. This review aims to serve as a guide for bioengineers and clinicians, offering insights to advance the development of the microfluidic toolboxes utilized in drug screening efforts. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： 3D printing High throughput screening Hydrogels Microfluidics

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Machine Learning Approaches to 3D Models for Drug Screening

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biomedical Materials and Devices 2024年第2期2卷 695-720页

作者： da Silva, Victor Allisson Sharma, Ruchi Shteinberg, Ekaterina Patel, Vaidehi Bhardwaj, Lavanya Garay, Tania Yu, Bosco Willerth, Stephanie M. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Victoria Axolotl Biosciences Division of Medical Sciences University of Victoria Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies University of Victoria School of Biomedical Engineering University of British Columbia

The creation of precise, functional 3D tissues can enable effective drug screening as well as advancements in regenerative medicine. However, the inherent limitations present during the development of these 3D models pose challenges when manufacturing. This review examines the obstacles associated with the pre-processing, processing, and post-processing phases when bioprinting that must be addressed to overcome these constraints and produce reproducible tissue constructs. These obstacles include critical elements such as cell composition, biomaterial formulation, processing techniques, media conditions, 3D structure design, model conditioning, and 3D model quantification. This review identifies these inherent process limitations when making 3D tissue models. The review then leverages machine learning tools that have proven successful in related contexts and discusses them in the context of 3D tissue models. The review aims to inspire researchers to explore and implement innovative machine learning techniques for developing 3D models by drawing insights from studies taken from a variety of engineering domains. This curated compilation covers a wide array of machine learning solutions to navigate the intricate complexities of 3D model creation, pushing the boundaries of tissue engineering. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2023.

关键词： 3D models Artificial intelligence Bioprinting Drug screening Machine learning Tissue engineering

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Generating Age-Dependent Radial Artery Pulses with a Pneumatic Pulse Simulator: A Feasibility Study 24

Generating Age-Dependent Radial Artery Pulses with a Pneumat...

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14th International Conference on biomedical engineering and Technology, ICBET 2024

作者： Debruin, Simon A. Nguyen, Hoang N. Koo, Jeong-Hoi Yang, Tae-Heon Kim, Young-Min Department Of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering Miami University United States Department Of Chemical Paper and Biomedical Engineering Miami University United States Department Of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Konkuk University Korea Republic of Digital Health Research Division Korea Institute Of Oriental Medicine Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798400717628

Radial pulse simulators can play an important role in the advancement of wearable healthcare devices and the modernization of pulse diagnosis methods, which are widely used in Oriental Medicine. They can be used to calibrate wrist-worn sensors and train medical professionals for pulse palpations. This study proposes a new, simple, and cost-effective pulse simulator capable of producing a wide range of blood pressure waveforms. It designed and constructed a prototype pulse simulator, consisting of two precision solenoid valves, an air compressor, a pneumatic pressure sensor, and control electronics. By controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valves, the simulator regulates the pneumatic pressure to generate desired pulse waveforms. To assess the performance of the prototype, age-related radial pulses were considered, and the pulse waveforms generated by the prototype for representative three age groups (10, 50, and 90-year-olds), which show distinctly different pulse waveforms, are compared with pre-existing in-vivo data for the same age groups. The results show that the Root-Mean-Squared-Error (RMSE) between the experimentally obtained pulses and in-vivo pulses of approximately 6% for all groups, indicating the feasibility of the proposed pulse simulator for creating a range of pulse waveforms. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Solenoid valves

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Analysis of grinding mechanics and improved grinding force model based on randomized grain geometric characteristics

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第7期36卷 160-193页

作者： Mingzheng LIU Changhe LI Yanbin ZHANG Min YANG Teng GAO Xin CUI Xiaoming WANG Wenhao XU Zongming ZHOU Bo LIU Zafar SAID Runze LI Shubham SHARMA School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China Hanergy(Qingdao)Lubrication Technology Co. LTDQingdao 266520China Sichuan Future Aerospace Industry LLC Shifang 618400China Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of SharjahSharjah 27272United Arab Emirates Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089–1111USA Department of Mechanical Engineering I.K.Gujral Punjab Technical UniversityJalandhar 144603India

Too high grinding force will lead to a large increase in specific grinding energy, resulting in high temperature in grinding zone, especially for the aerospace difficult cutting metal materials,seriously affecting the surface quality and accuracy. At present, the theoretical models of grinding force are mostly based on the assumption of uniform or simplified morphological characteristics of grains, which is inconsistent with the actual grains. Especially for non-engineering grinding wheel,most geometric characteristics of grains are ignored, resulting in the calculation accuracy that cannot guide practical production. Based on this, an improved grinding force model based on random grain geometric characteristics is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the surface topography model of CBN grinding wheel is established, and the effective grain determination mechanism in grinding zone is revealed. Based on the known grinding force model and mechanical behavior of interaction between grains and workpiece in different stages, the concept of grain effective action area is proposed. The variation mechanism of effective action area under the influence of grain geometric and spatial characteristics is deeply analyzed, and the calculation method under random combination of five influencing parameters is obtained. The numerical simulation is carried out to reveal the dynamic variation process of grinding force in grinding zone. In order to verify the theoretical model, the experiments of dry grinding Ti-6Al-4 V are designed. The experimental results show that under different machining parameters, the results of numerical calculation and experimental measurement are in good agreement, and the minimum error value is only 2.1 %, which indicates that the calculation accuracy of grinding force model meets the requirements and is feasible. This study will provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the wheel structure, effectively controlling the grinding force range, adjusting the grindi

关键词： Effective action area Grinding force Improved model mechanical behaviour Randomized grain

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