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Fluid Flow and Mixed Heat Transfer in a Horizontal Channel with an Open Cavity and Wavy Wall

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第7期37卷 147-163页

作者： Tohid Adibi Shams Forruque Ahmed Omid Adibi Hassan Athari Irfan Anjum Badruddin Syed Javed Department of Mechanical Engineering University of BonabBonabIran Science and Math Program Asian University for WomenChattogramBangladesh Energy Management Group Energy and Environment Research CenterNiroo Research InstituteTehranIran Department of Mechanical Engineering Elm-o-Fann University College of Science and TechnologyUrmiaIran Mechanical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

Heat exchangers are utilized extensively in different industries and ***,optimizing heat exchangers has been a major concern among *** various studies have been conducted to improve the heat transfer rate,the use of a wavy wall in the presence of different types of heat transfer mechanisms has not been *** study thus investigates the mixed heat transmission behavior of fluid in a horizontal channel with a cavity and a hot,wavy *** fluid flow in the channel is considered laminar,and the governing equations including continuity,momentum,and energy are all solved *** numerical solution is stabilized by using a first-order multi-dimensional characteristic-based scheme in combination with a fifth-order Runge-Kutta *** flow and heat transfer effects of varying Richardson numbers,Reynolds numbers,wave amplitude,wavelength,channel height,and cavity width are *** results indicate that the mean Nusselt number increases with an increase in Reynolds number,wave amplitude,and cavity width,while it decreases with an increase in Richardson number,wavelength,and channel *** minimum Nusselt number is calculated to be 0.7,whereas the maximum Nusselt number is *** Nusselt number has only increased by 40%in the higher depths of the cavity,despite the Richardson number being 10,000 times *** this figure increases to 130%at lower *** mean Nusselt number is thus significantly influenced by channel height and cavity *** influence of wave amplitude on the mean Nusselt number is twice that of wavelength.

关键词： Mixed heat transfer wavy wall horizontal channel open cavity numerical simulation

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Self-Attenuating Graphene-Based Antennas Utilizing Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Substrates 2

Self-Attenuating Graphene-Based Antennas Utilizing Polyvinyl...

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2nd International Microwave and Antenna Symposium, IMAS 2024

作者： Frankhouse, Josef Addo-Mensah, Evans Wejinya, Uche University of Arkansas Department of Mechanical Engineering Fayetteville United States Graduate Program University of Arkansas Fayetteville United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356359

In this study, a Terahertz (THz) band antenna which can regulate its own resonant frequency without the requirement of manual adjustment is simulated. A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) substrate is applied onto a rectangular graphene patch antenna. With a voltage potential applied onto the PVDF, the patch antenna can attenuate its frequency by physically changing the shape of the antenna, and in turn its resonant frequency. These antennas are within a 0.1 THz band between 1.32 THz to 1.22 THz measured from a radial bend of a flat surface to r = 75 μm, fitting into a return loss (S11) above -30 dB. Although the return loss did not show consistency, the resonating frequency shifted at a linear rate relative to the cylindrical bending. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Microstrip antennas

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Transferrin-Mediated Nanophotosensitizer to Enhance Phototherapy with Photoacoustic Imaging Under Hypoxia

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CCS Chemistry 2025年第4期7卷 1127-1141页

作者： Mengyao Yang Yunyoung Nah Donghyeon Oh Xingshu Li Heejeong Kim Sinyoung Park Junha Lim Aibing Chen Chulhong Kim Won Jong Kim Juyoung Yoon College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018 Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760 Department of Chemistry POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering InstitutePOSTECHPohang 37673 Department of Electrical Engineering Convergence IT EngineeringMechanical Engineeringand Medical Science and EngineeringMedical Device Innovation CenterPOSTECHPohang 37673 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108 School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering POSTECHPohang 37673 Graduate Program in Innovative Biomaterials Convergence Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760

Various obstacles[poor tissue penetration,hypoxic tumor microenvironment,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)production quenching due to aggregation]obstruct imaging-guided high-efficiency phototherapy targeting ***,nanophthalocyanine(ZnPcN4-TF)is elaborately designed based on a synthetic phthalocyanine derivative(ZnPcN4)and nonimmunogenic transferrin(TF)through multiple noncovalent interactions for photoacoustic(PA)imaging-guided *** conjugating electron-rich amino groups effectively suppressed fluorescence and ROS generation due to the strong photoinduced electron transfer effect,ZnPcN4 became an ideal photothermal and PA imaging ***4-TF not only effectively targeted tumor sites and accumulated there,but also,surprisingly,facilitated the enhancement of ROS production via a type I process in an aggregate compared to ZnPcN4 itself,potentially due to accelerated electron ***,ZnPcN4-TF had a substantially more powerful photothermal effect than ZnPcN4 ***,this design effectively overcomes the obstacles to photodynamic therapy(aggregation-related ROS generation quenching in a hypoxic environment).Furthermore,PA imaging solves the tissue penetration challenge in optical *** study provides a broader base for designing novel photosensitizers to improve phototherapy under hypoxia.

关键词： photoacoustic imaging type I reactive oxygen species photothermal effect tumor accumulation self-assembly

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Rotational Intravascular Multidirectional Ultrasound Catheter for Sonothrombolysis of Retracted Clots:An in Vitro and in Vivo Study

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engineering 2024年第11期42卷 235-243页

作者： Huaiyu Wu Jinwook Kim Bohua Zhang Gabe Owens Greyson Stocker Mengyue Chen Benjamin C.Kreager Ashley Cornett Kathlyne Bautista Tarana Kaovasia Paul A.Dayton Zhen Xu Xiaoning Jiang Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Thromboembolism in blood vessels poses a serious risk of stroke,heart attack,and even sudden death if not properly *** combined with ultrasound contrast agents has emerged as a promising approach for the effective treatment of *** reports have highlighted the potential of intravascular sonothrombolysis as a safe and effective treatment modality for deep vein thrombosis(DVT).However,its efficiency has not been validated through in vivo testing of retracted *** study aimed to develop a miniaturized multidirectional transducer featuring two 4-layer lead zir-conate titanate(PZT-5A)stacks with an aperture size of 1.4 mm1.4 mm,enabling both forward-and side-looking *** into a custom two-lumen 10-French(Fr)catheter,the capability of this device for intravascular sonothrombolysis was validated both in vitro and in *** low-dose tissue plasminogen activators and nanodroplets,the rotational multidirectional transducer reduced the retracted clot mass(800 mg)by an average of 52%within 30 min during in vitro *** lysis rate was significantly higher by 37%than that in a forward-viewing transducer without *** improvement was particularly noteworthy in the treatment of retracted ***,a long-retracted clot(>10 cm)was successfully treated within 40 min in vivo by creating a flow channel with a diameter>4 mm in a porcine DVT *** conclusion,these findings strongly suggest the potential of this technique for clinical applications in sonothrombolysis,offering a feasible solution for effectively treating thromboembolism,particularly in challenging cases involving retracted clots.

关键词： Intravascular ultrasound catheter Sonothrombolysis in vivo Retracted clots thrombolysis

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Bending stiffness variability between a deployable robotic laser osteotome and its insertion device

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Current Directions in biomedical engineering 2022年第1期8卷 138-141页

作者： Tomooka, Yukiko Rauter, Georg Gerig, Nicolas Takeda, Ryo Cattin, Philippe Eugster, Manuela BIROMED-Lab Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel Gewerbestrasse 14 Allschwil 4123 Switzerland Laboratory of Deformation Control Division of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Hokkaido Japan Cian Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel Allschwil Switzerland

Varying device stiffness on purpose can provide safety and performance improvements in interventions involving flexible minimal-invasive surgical robotic devices. For example, when flexible robotic devices are used for inserting minimal-invasive tools along curved paths into the knee joint for arthroscopy, a high device stiffness can allow precise path following where desirable. In contrast, when the minimalinvasive flexible device has reached its desired location inside the patient's body, decoupling the surgical tool (end-effector) from the flexible robotic insertion device can be beneficial in avoiding transferring disturbances such as vibrations to the robot-patient interaction. In this paper, we investigate bending stiffness variability in dependence on the length of a flexible supply channel. Our experiments have shown that bending stiffness in fact decreases with the length of the supply channel but the highest stiffness connection is not sufficiently rigid and we plan to implement a more rigid connection to allow precise path following during insertion. © 2022 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Robotic surgery

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The use of hydrogel microspheres as cell and drug delivery carriers for bone,cartilage,and soft tissue regeneration

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第3期5卷 236-256页

作者： Chung-Hsun Lin Jesse RSrioudom Wei Sun Malcolm Xing Su Yan Le Yu Jian Yang Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA Department of Bioengineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Leicester International Institute Dalian University of TechnologyPanjinLiaoning ProvinceChina Department of Mechanical Engineering University of ManitobaWinnipegCanada Division of Biological and Biomedical Systems University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMOUSA Biomedical Engineering Program Westlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Research Centre for Industries of the Future Westlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Bone,cartilage,and soft tissue regeneration is a complex process involving many cellular activities across various cell *** remain the“gold standard”for the regeneration of these ***,the use of autografts is associated with many disadvantages,including donor scarcity,the requirement of multiple surgeries,and the risk of *** development of tissue engineering techniques opens new avenues for enhanced tissue ***,the expectations of tissue engineering scaffolds have gone beyond merely providing physical support for cell *** scaffolds should also provide biological cues to actively boost tissue *** a new type of injectable biomaterial,hydrogel microspheres have been increasingly recognised as promising therapeutic carriers for the local delivery of cells and drugs to enhance tissue *** to traditional tissue engineering scaffolds and bulk hydrogel,hydrogel microspheres possess distinct advantages,including less invasive delivery,larger surface area,higher transparency for visualisation,and greater flexibility for ***,we review the materials characteristics of hydrogel microspheres and compare their fabrication approaches,including microfluidics,batch emulsion,electrohydrodynamic spraying,lithography,and mechanical ***,based on the different requirements for bone,cartilage,nerve,skin,and muscle tissue regeneration,we summarize the applications of hydrogel microspheres as cell and drug delivery carriers for the regeneration of these ***,hydrogel microspheres are regarded as effective therapeutic delivery carriers to enhance tissue regeneration in regenerative ***,significant effort is required before hydrogel microspheres become widely accepted as commercial products for clinical use.

关键词： drug delivery fabrication techniques hydrogel microspheres microgels tissue regeneration

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Fuzzy Logic for Assessing the Health of a Corn Crop within Family Farming

Fuzzy Logic for Assessing the Health of a Corn Crop within F...

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2024 IEEE Latin American Conference on Computational Intelligence, LA-CCI 2024

作者： Mendonca, Vanessa Santos, Mikael Munoz, Daniel M. Humberto Llanos, Carlos Federal Institute of Brasilia Department of Computer Science Brazil Mechatronics Graduate Program Department of Mechanical Engineering Brazil Federal Institute of Brasilia Department of Agronomy Brazil University of Brasilia Faculty of Gama Electronics Engineering Undergraduate Program Brasilia Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374575

Technological advancements are increasingly evident across various sectors, including automobiles, industry, and healthcare. In precision agriculture, significant progress has been made, with AgroTICs and Smart Agriculture gaining substantial traction in the market. However, a gap remains between cutting-edge technology and family farming, presenting a challenge from both social and applied research perspectives. However, there is still a gap between cutting-edge technology and family farming, which creates a challenge from a social and applied research point of view. In this context, this paper proposes a monitoring model based on Fuzzy Logic and sensor automation applied to estimate the health of a corn crop. The proposed Fuzzy inference system involves calculating an indicator of nutrients as well as the average color and area of corn plants. The nutrient indicator is automatically computed by an ESP32 microcontroller using sensor readings, while the average color and area inputs are manually entered via a mobile application. Additionally, the Fuzzy inference is integrated into the ESP32. The model underwent experimental validation on the health of the plantation, and the results were evaluated in four areas: one was designated for testing, and three were for validation. The model achieved an accuracy of 97.5% in Scenario 3, categorized as 'Very Favorable', and an accuracy of 65% in Scenarios 2 and 4, categorized as 'Unfavorable'. The implications of this research contribute to the advancement of AgroTICs among small producers, with the potential to enhance and automate the monitoring of their harvest production. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Agribusiness

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Optimising degradation and mechanical performance of additively manufactured biodegradable Fe–Mn scaffolds using design strategies based on triply periodic minimal surfaces

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Smart Materials in Medicine 2024年第1期5卷 127-139页

作者： Dargusch, Matthew S. Soro, Nicolas Demir, Ali Gokhan Venezuela, Jeffrey Sun, Qiang Wang, Yuan Abdal-hay, Abdalla Alali, Aya Q. Ivanovski, Saso Previtali, Barbara Kent, Damon School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of Queensland Advanced Engineering Building Bld 49 Staff House Rd St LuciaQLD4072 Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering Politecnico di Milano Via La Masa 1 Milan20156 Italy School of Dentistry The University of Queensland Herston Campus 4072 Australia Department of Engineering Materials and Mechanical Design Faculty of Engineering South Valley University Qena83523 Egypt Faculty of Industry and Energy Technology Mechatronics Technology Program New Cairo Technological University New Cairo - Fifth Settlement Cairo11835 Egypt School of Science Technology and Engineering University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore BCQLD4558 Australia

Additively manufactured lattices based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) have attracted significant research interest from the medical industry due to their good mechanical and biomorphic properties. However, most studies have focussed on permanent metallic implants, while very little work has been undertaken on manufacturing biodegradable metal lattices. In this study, the mechanical properties and in vitro corrosion of selective laser melted Fe–35%Mn lattices based on gyroid, diamond and Schwarz primitive unit-cells were comprehensively evaluated to investigate the relationships between lattice type and implant performance. The gyroid-based lattices were the most readily processable scaffold design for controllable porosity and matching the CAD design. mechanical properties were influenced by lattice geometry and pore volume. The Schwarz lattices were stronger and stiffer than other designs with the 42% porosity scaffold exhibiting the highest combination of strength and ductility, while diamond and gyroid based scaffolds had lower strength and stiffness and were more plastically compliant. The corrosion behaviour was strongly influenced by porosity, and moderately influenced by geometry and geometry-porosity interaction. At 60% porosity, the diamond lattice displayed the highest degradation rate due to an inherently high surface area-to-volume ratio. The biodegradable Fe–35Mn porous scaffolds showed a good cytocompatibility to primary human osteoblasts cells. Additive manufacturing of biodegradable Fe–Mn alloys employing TPMS lattice designs is a viable approach to optimise and customise the mechanical properties and degradation response of resorbable implants toward specific clinical applications for hard tissue orthopaedic repair. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Porosity

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Sensitivity of Thoracolumbar Spine Musculoskeletal Model Loading in Neutral Standing and Forward Flexion Static Postures to Thoracic Disc Stiffness 46

Sensitivity of Thoracolumbar Spine Musculoskeletal Model Loa...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Hulleck, Abdul Aziz Abdullah, Muhammed Ignasiak, Dominika Katmah, Rateb Alkhalaileh, Abdelsalam Tareq Arjmand, Navid Khalaf, Kinda El Rich, Marwan Khalifa University Department of Mechanical Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Eth Zurich Institut für Biomechanik Zurich Switzerland Khalifa University Department of Biomedical Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Sharif University of Technology School of Mechanical Engineering Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

This study aimed to quantify the sensitivity of a thoracolumbar musculoskeletal model with a flexible thoracic spine and articulated ribcage to disc flexural stiffness variation inherent from in-vitro cadaveric data. The model was personalized to a normal weight subject, whose upper body segmental masses and centers of mass were computed using a body-shape-based approach. Joint flexural stiffness curves were defined based on in-vitro flexion-extension moment-rotation data from several specimens taken at various thoracic levels, with stiffness variation reaching 1.2 Nm/deg. Neutral standing and forward flexion postures were simulated using in-vivo measured spinal rhythm. The finding revealed negligeable sensitivity of joint reaction forces, less than 2.5% Body Weight (BW), to flexural stiffness in neutral standing posture. The sensitivity became more pronounced, especially at mid-level thoracic joints, with deviations reaching up to 14% BW and 26% BW for antero-posterior shear and compressive forces, respectively, in 60-degree forward flexion. Very low Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and normalized RMSE values, calculated using intradiscal pressure based compressive forces, indicated no effects of flexural disc stiffness variation on model prediction validation. The findings underscored the importance of cautious consideration when utilizing flexural stiffness from a single cadaveric specimen. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Cadaveric experiments

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Large-Scale Group Emergency Decision-Making: A Literature Review

Large-Scale Group Emergency Decision-Making: A Literature Re...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Industrial engineering and engineering Management, IEEM 2023

作者： Orshella, D.D. Masruroh, N.A. Arini, H.M. Universitas Gadjah Mada Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Yogyakarta Indonesia Galuh University Industrial Engineering Program Ciamis Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350323153

In dealing with emergencies, rational decisions are needed with limited time to reduce losses to death. Emergencies, which affect many public interests, require the participation of decision-makers with different perspectives to mask the lack of knowledge and experience of one decision-maker or a smaller group. Large-scale group decision-making (LSGDM) has become an exciting research topic in the last decade. Previous researchers have widely discussed the development and application of the LSGDM model. Time constraints and rational solutions are the main challenges for LSGDM in emergencies. This literature study explores LSGDM research trends in emergencies and provides new insights and opportunities for determining future research. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Decision emergency large group

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