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Schlieren imaging and video classification of alphabet pronunciations:exploiting phonetic flows for speech recognition and speech therapy

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2024年第1期7卷 272-285页

作者： Mohamed Talaat Kian Barari Xiuhua April Si Jinxiang Xi Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MassachusettsLowellMA 01854USA Department of Aerospace Industrialand Mechanical EngineeringCalifornia Baptist UniversityRiversideCA 92504USA

Speech is a highly coordinated process that requires precise control over vocal tract morphology/motion to produce intelligible sounds while simultaneously generating unique exhaled flow *** schlieren imaging technique visualizes airflows with subtle density *** is hypothesized that speech flows captured by schlieren,when analyzed using a hybrid of convolutional neural network(CNN)and long short-term memory(LSTM)network,can recognize alphabet pronunciations,thus facilitating automatic speech recognition and speech disorder *** study evaluates the feasibility of using a CNN-based video classification network to differentiate speech flows corresponding to the first four alphabets:/A/,/B/,/C/,and/D/.A schlieren optical system was developed,and the speech flows of alphabet pronunciations were recorded for two participants at an acquisition rate of 60 frames per second.A total of 640 video clips,each lasting 1 s,were utilized to train and test a hybrid CNN-LSTM *** analyses of the recorded sounds were conducted to understand the phonetic differences among the four *** hybrid CNN-LSTM network was trained separately on four datasets of varying sizes(i.e.,20,30,40,50 videos per alphabet),all achieving over 95%accuracy in classifying videos of the same ***,the network’s performance declined when tested on speech flows from a different participant,with accuracy dropping to around 44%,indicating significant inter-participant variability in alphabet *** the network with videos from both participants improved accuracy to 93%on the second *** of misclassified videos indicated that factors such as low video quality and disproportional head size affected *** results highlight the potential of CNN-assisted speech recognition and speech therapy using articulation flows,although challenges remain in expanding the alphabet set and participant cohort.

关键词： Alphabet pronunciation Speech flows Articulatory phonetics Video classification Schlieren Long short-term memory Sequential learning

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Progress in bioactive surface coatings on biodegradable Mg alloys:A critical review towards clinical translation

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第1期19卷 717-757页

作者： Navdeep Singh Uma Batra Kamal Kumar Neeraj Ahuja Anil Mahapatro Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Punjab Engineering CollegeChandigarh160012India Department of Mechanical Engineering Punjab Engineering CollegeChandigarh160012India Department of Biomedical Engineering Wichita State UniversityWichitaKS67260United States

Mg and its alloys evince strong candidature for biodegradable bone implants,cardiovascular stents,and wound closing ***,their rapid degradation rate causes premature implant failure,constraining clinical ***-functional surface coatings have emerged as the most competent strategy to fulfill the diverse clinical requirements,besides yielding effective corrosion *** article reviews the progress of biodegradable and advanced surface coatings on Mg alloys investigated in recent years,aiming to build up a comprehensive knowledge framework of coating techniques,processing parameters,performance measures in terms of corrosion resistance,adhesion strength,and *** developed conversion and deposition type surface coatings are thoroughly discussed by reporting their essential therapeutic responses like osteogenesis,angiogenesis,cytocompatibility,hemocompatibility,anti-bacterial,and controlled drug release towards in-vitro and in-vivo study *** challenges associated with metallic,ceramic and polymeric coatings along with merits and demerits of various coatings have been *** use of multilayered hybrid coating comprising a unique combination of organic and inorganic components has been emphasized with future perspectives to obtain diverse bio-functionalities in a facile single coating system for orthopedic implant applications.

关键词： Mg alloys Corrosion resistance Bio-functionality Conversion coating Multilayered hybrid coating Coating failures

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Enhancement of TIG welding performance on carbon steel by Taguchi-TOPSIS optimization

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Interactions 2024年第1期245卷 1-11页

作者： Kumar, P. Suresh Rao, Vittel Indira, K.P. Rani, D. Jenila Vijayakumar, S. Haranath, R. Department of Mechanical Engineering JCT college of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore India Construction Mechanical Engineer EPC Project Adyard Abu Dhabi LLC Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Biomedical Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Chennai India Department of Biomedical Engineering Saveetha school of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical sciences Chennai602 105 India Andhra Pradesh Odalarevu533210 India Engineering college Nadergul Hyderabad India

In this research, the Taguchi-based TOPSIS technique was utilized to optimize TIG welding parameters for carbon steel. Five Input factors included welding current CT (80,100 A), gas flow rate GF (10,15 l/min), tip angle TP (30°,60°), Electrode diameter ED (2.4, 3.2 mm) and welding speed WS (100, 150 mm/min) with Taguchi’s L12 orthogonal array employed for experimental design. Tests were conducted to evaluate joint hardness and Tensile strength, with specimen assignment based on performance scores via TOPSIS. The ratios of signal to noise for each factor were determined, ranking the welding parameters based on the delta value, in order to evaluate the impact of certain input variables on the output parameters. ANOVA was employed to identify the most significant parameter, and a regression equation was developed to establish a mathematical model correlating the S/N ratio of performance scores with process parameters. Validation was performed through a confirmatory experiment using optimized parameters, yielding results consistent with the proposed approach. TOPSIS identified the combination CT1-GF2-TP1-ED2-WS1 as optimal: 80 A current, 15 l/min gas flow, 60° tip angle, 3.2 mm electrode diameter, and 100 mm/min welding speed. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Analysis of variance (ANOVA)

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Feasibility Study of Finger Interface for Miniature Surgical Instruments 1

Feasibility Study of Finger Interface for Miniature Surgical...

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1st IEEE Conference on Telepresence, Telepresence 2024

作者： Cha, Serin Kim, Sebin Ryu, Seok Chang Ewha Womans University Graduate Program in Smart Factory BioRobotics Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Seoul03760 Korea Republic of Ewha Womans University BioRobotics Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528249

This paper presents a study on the design of a finger interface to improve the teleoperation of a miniaturized surgical instrument with a bendable distal section. A unique design principle employing the kinematic similarity between the human motion and the follower robot has been proposed for such instruments, which may result in embodied teleoperation, enhancing the overall telepresence experience. According to the principle, a design for an index finger interface was proposed, consisting of a sub-unit measuring finger motion and a handle. When the interface is connected to a robotic platform, it can control the entire tool motion in two separate ways: distal bending by the sub-unit and overall tool motion by the handle. A human subject test was conducted for trajectory-following tasks in a virtual environment, and their performance score was quantified for analysis of the learning curve. Based on the satisfactory learning rate of 75.78% for all nine subjects, the proposed finger interface could be a promising interface for a miniature surgical instrument with a long bendable section at the distal end. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Machine design

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A Novel SERS Substrate Containing Silver Nanoparticle-Deposited Photoresist Microcone Array for Sensitive Biosensing

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2024年第2期24卷 1398-1404页

作者： Lin, Ying-Ting Wang, Sheng-Hsiang Tseng, Yu-Hsin Lin, Ze-Cheng Chen, Jyun-Tu Chang, Cheng-Chung Wang, Gou-Jen National Chung Hsing University Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Taichung40227 Taiwan National Chung Hsing University Department of Mechanical Engineering Taichung40227 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung40227 Taiwan

In this study, we developed a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate formed by depositing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on a silver thin film-coated photoresist (PR) microcone array. The semiconductor photolithographic process was adopted for fabricating the PR microcone array. The hotspot enhancement effect of the SERS substrates was optimized by adjusting the concentration of the trisodium citrate, which was used as a reducing agent and a stabilizing agent for the synthesis of AgNPs. Experimental results showed that the proposed SERS substrate could detect the indicating peaks of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) at a relatively low concentration of 10-12 M. A standard detection curve for HbA1c detection with a linear detection range of 5000-20000 ng/mL with good linearity of 0.994 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 850.2 ng/mL was further established by adding HbA1c agent to artificial blood to simulate a real environmental condition. Recovery rate detection experiments confirmed the reproducibility of the established standard detection curve. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles

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Phononic origin of structural lubrication

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Friction 2023年第6期11卷 966-976页

作者： Yun DONG Yongkang WANG Zaoqi DUAN Shuyu HUANG Yi TAO Xi LU Yan ZHANG Yajing KAN Zhiyong WEI Deyu LI Yunfei CHEN Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments School of Mechanical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashville37235-1592USA

Atomistic mechanisms of frictional energy dissipation have attracted significant ***,the dynamics of phonon excitation and dissipation remain elusive for many friction *** systematic fast Fourier transform(FFT)analyses of the frictional signals as a silicon tip sliding over a graphite surface at different angles and velocities,we experimentally demonstrate that friction mainly excites non-equilibrium phonons at the washboard frequency and its *** molecular dynamics(MD)simulations,we further disclose the phononic origin of structural lubrication,i.e.,the drastic reduction of friction force as the contact angle between two commensurate surfaces *** commensurate contacting states,friction excites a large amount of phonons at the washboard frequency and many orders of its harmonics that perfectly match each other in the sliding tip and substrate,while for incommensurate cases,only limited phonons are generated at mismatched washboard frequencies and few low order harmonics in the tip and substrate.

关键词： phononic friction washboard frequency structural lubrication commensurate and incommensurate interfaces

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Device for monitoring the vital functions of athletes using Arduino UNO development board 22

Device for monitoring the vital functions of athletes using ...

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2024 IEEE 22nd World Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics, SAMI 2024

作者： Spakova, Adriana Ferencik, Norbert Sedlakova, Veronika Kolembusova, Petra Steingartner, William Hudak, Radovan Technical University of Kosice Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Kosice Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317206

This document outlines a proposal for the development of a device dedicated to monitoring the health and physical activity of athletes. The realization of this device leveraged the Arduino UNO microcontroller, and empirical trials have yielded encouraging results. The device was meticulously engineered with the primary objective of scrutinizing vital functions, encompassing heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, body temperature, lung capacity, and electromyography (EMG) for a comprehensive assessment of muscle activity. Furthermore, spirometry has been integrated to quantify lung vital capacity. This endeavor heralds pioneering prospects in the realm of health and fitness surveillance, proffering potential advantages not only to athletes but also to the broader populace. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Biological organs

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Utilization of Artificial Intelligence by Students in Interdisciplinary Field of biomedical engineering 15

Utilization of Artificial Intelligence by Students in Interd...

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15th International Multi-Conference on Complexity, Informatics and Cybernetics, IMCIC 2024

作者： Hashimoto, Shigehiro Biomedical Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Kogakuin University Tokyo163-8677 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781950492787

Students were encouraged to actively use artificial intelligence (AI) in learning and research in the field of biomedical engineering. In this study, student reports in class and the results of student research projects were analyzed. An issue with AI that was often discussed among students was the handling of copyright. In students' graduation research, AI was often used to search for technical terms and references. AI was used to list related technologies and check the feasibility of their ideas. AI was effective for self-learning. Particularly in interdisciplinary fields that require extensive basic knowledge, AI has demonstrated its power in self-learning specialized terminology. It was found that AI can be helpful for students in developing research topics and writing papers. © IMCIC 2024. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Role of IoT in characterization and material properties of synthesis of chromel composite

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Interactions 2024年第1期245卷 1-9页

作者： Siva, T. Bruno, A. Dyson Hepsiba, D. Vijay Anand, L.D. Ram, S. Priya, L. Department of Mechanical Engineering Meenakshi Ramaswamy Engineering College Tamilnadu Thathanur Ariyalur India Department of Mechanical Engineering PSNA College of Engineering and Technology Dindigul India Division of Biomedical Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences Coimbatore India Division of Robotics Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences Coimbatore India Department of Mechanical Engineering Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering andTechnology Hyderabad India Department of Information Technology Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Erode Sathyamangalam638 401 India

The chromel metal matrix composite (MMC) was fabricated through stir casting process reinforced with Tantalum Carbides (TaC). It was used to further increase the substance properties. The morphology characteristics and chemical compositions have been studied through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Analysis of X- Ray (EDAX) respectively. The substance properties such as hardness, density, impact and tensile strength were measured. The quality of the casting components are achieved through monitoring of internet of things (IoT). IoT enabled stir casting system is used to fabricate the chromel composite. The casting process is fully automated by IoT. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Tensile strength

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Development and Prototyping of an Arduino UNO System for Studying Light Effects on Mesenchymal Stem Cell 17

Development and Prototyping of an Arduino UNO System for Stu...

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17th IEEE International Scientific Conference on Informatics, INFORMATICS 2024

作者： Sedlakova, Veronika Hudak, Radovan Ferencik, Norbert Kneppo, Peter Technical University of Kosice Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Košice Slovakia Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Praha Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387674

This article presents the design and application of an Arduino UNO-based system incorporating nine red Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) and a temperature and humidity sensor (DHT22) for research on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The development of this prototype was motivated by existing researchs indicating the beneficial effects of red light on MSCs and the critical importance of maintaining consistent temperature conditions for preserving MSC viability and function. Future studies utilizing this system will investigate the impact of specific light wavelengths on MSC proliferation and differentiation, addressing gaps identified in previous studies and advancing our understanding of light-induced effects on MSC behavior. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Flowcharting

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