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Fabricating 3-dimensional human brown adipose microtissues for transplantation studies

Bioactive Materials 2023年第4期22卷 518-534页

作者： Ou Wang Li Han Haishuang Lin Mingmei Tian Shuyang Zhang Bin Duan Soonkyu Chung Chi Zhang Xiaojun Lian Yong Wang Yuguo Lei Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnNEUSA Biomedical Engineering Program University of Nebraska-LincolnNEUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityPAUSA China Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Co. Ltd.BeijingChina Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska-LincolnNEUSA Mary&Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program and Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA Department of Nutrition University of MassachusettsAmherstMAUSA School of Biological Science University of Nebraska-LincolnNEUSA Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State UniversityPAUSA

Transplanting cell cultured brown adipocytes(BAs)represents a promising approach to prevent and treat obesity(OB)and its associated metabolic disorders,including type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).However,transplanted BAs have a very low survival rate in *** enzymatic dissociation during the harvest of fully differentiated BAs also loses significant *** is a critical need for novel methods that can avoid cell death during cell preparation,transplantation,and in ***,we reported that preparing BAs as injectable microtissues could overcome the *** found that 3D culture promoted BA differentiation and UCP-1 expression,and the optimal initial cell aggregate size was 100μ*** microtissues could be produced at large scales via 3D suspension assisted with a PEG hydrogel and could be *** microtissues could survive in vivo for long *** alleviated body weight and fat gain and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced OB and T2DM *** microtissues impacted multiple organs,secreted protein factors,and influenced the secretion of endogenous *** our best knowledge,this is the first report on fabricating human BA microtissues and showing their safety and efficacy in T2DM *** proposal of transplanting fabricated BA microtissues,the microtissue fabrication method,and the demonstration of efficacy in T2DM mice are all *** results show that engineered 3D human BA microtissues have considerable advantages in product scalability,storage,purity,safety,dosage,survival,and efficacy.

关键词： Brown adipocyte Microtissue Transplantation Obesity Type 2 diabetes

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Selective inhibition effects on cancer cells and bacteria of Ni–Ti–O nanoporous layers grown on biomedical NiTi alloy by anodization

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Rare Metals 2022年第1期41卷 78-85页

作者： Yan-Lian Liu Yong-Hua Sun Ya Zhao Chun-Lin Li Fei-Long Zhao Xiao-Hong Yao Rui-Qiang Hang Paul K.Chu School of Mechanical Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces and Interfaces Institute of New Carbon MaterialsTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineeringand Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Stents made of nearly equiatomic NiTi alloy are used to treat malignant obstruction caused by cancer,but prevention of re-obstruction after surgery is still a challenge because the bare stents possess poor anticancer and antibacterial properties to inhibit cancer/bacteria *** present work aims at endowing the NiTi alloy with anticancer and antibacterial abilities by surface ***–Ti–O nanoporous layers with different thicknesses were prepared on NiTi by anodization,and biological experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects on gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus,human lung epithelial cancer cells(A549),as well as human endothelial cells(***926).The nanoporous layer with a thickness of 10.1 lm inhibits growth of cancer cells and kill bacteria but shows little adverse effects on normal *** selectivity is related to the larger amount of Ni ions leached from the sample in the acidic microenvironment of cancer cells in comparison with normal *** Ni–Ti–O nanoporous layers are promising as coatings on NiTi stents to prevent re-obstruction after surgery.

关键词： Nickel–titanium alloy Anodization Nanopores Anticancer ability Antibacterial ability

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Enhanced electrocatalytic activities in TiO_(2)-sulfur nanoparticles decorated graphene nanocomposite electrode for detecting formaldehyde compound

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2025年第4期80卷 213-219页

作者： Maulidiyah Maulidiyah Muhammad Nurdin WD Syafitri Salsabila Suryani Dyah Astuti Thamrin Azis La Ode Muhammad Zuhdi Mulkiyan La Ode Agus Salim Akrajas Ali Umar Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversitas Halu OleoKendari 93232Southeast SulawesiIndonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Kendari 93121 Southeast SulawesiIndonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Sulawesi TenggaraKendari 93121Southeast SulawesiIndonesia Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of PhysicFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya 61115Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and TechnologyInstitut Sains Teknologi dan Kesehatan(ISTEK)Aisyiyah KendariKendari 93116Southeast SulawesiIndonesia Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics University Malaysian nationalityUKMBangi 43600SelangorMalaysia

The unique properties of TiO_(2)-sulfur(TiO_(2)-S)modified graphene nanocomposite electrode(GPE/TiO_(2)-S)in the electrochemical sensing of formaldehyde compound has been *** prepared TiO_(2)-S by hydrothermal method and modified the graphene nanocomposite electrode by applying electrochemical cyclic voltammetry(CV)*** TiO_(2)-S nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),while the GPE/TiO_(2)-S was examined by scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)and X-Ray fluorosense(XRF)***_(2)-S has a grain size of 19.32 *** surface morphology of the GPE/TiO_(2)-S nanocomposite shows a good,intact,and tightly porous structure with TiO_(2)-S covers the graphene *** content of optimized GPE/TiO_(2)-S electrodes is 41.5%of graphene,37.8%of TiO_(2),and 12.4%of sulfur that was prepared by mixing 1 g of TiO_(2)-S with 0.5 g of graphene and 0.3 mL *** GPE/TiO_(2)-S electrode produces a high anodic current(I_(pa))of 800μA and a high cathodic current(I_(pc))of-600μA at a scan rate of 0.1 V·s^(-1)using an electrolyte0.01 mol·L^(-1)K_3[Fe(CN)_6]solution containing 150 mg·L^(-1)*** limit of detection can reach as low as 9.7 mg·L^(-1)with stability with Horwitz ratio value as low as *** composite electrode also exhibits excellent slectivity properties by showing clear formaldehyde sugnal in the presence of high concentration of interfering ***/TiO_(2)-S electrode should find potential application of formaldehyde detection in food industries.

关键词： Food safety Formaldehyde Voltammetry Graphene TiO_(2)-S

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Low-magnitude high-frequency vibration reduces prostate cancer growth and extravasation in vitro

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Mechanobiology in Medicine 2024年第4期2卷 83-96页

作者： Amel Sassi Kimberly Seaman Xin Song Chun-Yu Lin Yu Sun Lidan You Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoM5S 3G9Canada Department of Mechanical&Industrial Engineering University of TorontoM5S 3G9Canada Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Queen's UniversityK7L 3N6Canada

Prostate cancer(PCa)continues to rank among the most common malignancies in Europe and North America with significant mortality rates despite advancements in detection and *** activity is often recommended to PCa patients due to its benefits in preventing disease recurrence and managing treatment-related side ***,physical activity may be challenging for elderly or bedridden *** such,vibration therapy has been proposed as a safe,effective,and easy to perform alternative treatment that may confer similar effects as physical ***,low-magnitude high frequency(LMHF)vibration has been shown to decrease breast cancer extravasation into the bone and reduce other types of cancer proliferation by impacting cell ***,we investigated the effects of daily application of LMHF vibration(0.3 g,60 Hz,1 hour/day for 3 days)on prostate cancer growth and bone metastasis in *** findings suggest that LMHF vibration significantly reduces colony formation through a decrease in cell growth and ***,using a 3D cell culture model,LMHF vibration significantly reduces PC3 spheroid ***,LMHF vibration reduces PCa cell extravasation into the bone microenvironment through the stimulation of osteocytes and subsequent osteocyte-endothelial cell cross *** findings highlight the potential of LMHF vibration for managing PCa growth and metastasis.

关键词： Low-magnitude high-frequency vibration mechanical loading Vibration Prostate cancer Bone metastasis Osteocyte Microfluidic Spheroid

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Severe Plastically Deformed Mg–Zn–Zr–RE Alloy Developed as a Biomaterial

Severe Plastically Deformed Mg–Zn–Zr–RE Alloy Developed a...

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Magnesium Technology Symposium held at the TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition, 2024

作者： Shunmugasamy, Vasanth C. Mansoor, Bilal Mechanical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031502392

Mg alloysMagnesium alloys (Mg alloys) have high corrosion rateCorrosion Rate that inhibits their application as biomaterialBiomaterials. For safe use as biomaterial, it is essential to control their corrosion ratesCorrosion Rate. In Mg alloys, microgalvanicMicro-galvanic corrosion coupling between the α-Mg matrix and secondary precipitates can exist which results in increased corrosion rate. To address this challenge, we engineered the microstructureMicrostructure of a biodegradable Mg–Zn–RE–Zr alloy by severe plastic deformationPlastic deformation process such as friction stir processingFriction Stir Processing (FSP) (FSP), improving its corrosion resistance and mechanical propertiesmechanical Properties simultaneously. Subjecting the alloy to FSP resulted in refined grains, basal textureTexture and broken and uniformly distributed secondary precipitates. In vitro corrosion of base material showed microgalvanic coupling between precipitate and matrix, resulting in unstable surface layer. The processed alloy showed uniform corrosion owing to formation of stable surface film formation, due to the refined grains, texture, and distribution of precipitates. The results show promising potential of Mg alloyMagnesium alloys (Mg alloys)as biomaterialBiomaterials. © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2024.

关键词： Corrosion resistance

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mechanical Characterization of Epoxy Resin Manufactured Using Frontal Polymerization 38

Mechanical Characterization of Epoxy Resin Manufactured Usin...

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38th Technical Conference of the American Society for Composites, ASC 2023

作者： Tarafdar, Amirreza Woodbury, Cameron Naderi, Ali Wang, Xinlu Lin, Wenhua Hosein, Ian D. Wang, Yeqing Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Syracuse University SyracuseNY13244 United States Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering Syracuse University SyracuseNY13244 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605956916

Frontal polymerization (FP) is a promising alternative manufacturing method for thermoset-based fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRP) in comparison with the traditional autoclave/oven-curing method, due to its rapid curing process, low energy consumption, and low cost. Optimizing the weight contents of initiators relative to the resin's mass is needed to adjust the mechanical properties of FRPs in industrial applications. This study investigates the effect of varying the photo-initiator (PI) weight content on tensile properties and the frontal polymerization characteristics, including the front velocity, front temperature, and degree of cure, in the FP process of the epoxy resin. Specifically, a dual-initiator system, including PI and thermal-initiator (TI), is used to initiate the polymerization process by ultraviolent (UV) light. The weight content of the TI is fixed at 1 w%, and the relative PI concentration is varied from 0.2 w% to 0.5 wt%. Results show that increasing the PI amount from 0.2 wt% to 0.3 wt% significantly improves the front velocity and the degree of cure by about two times. Increasing the PI content from 0.3 wt% to 0.4 wt% results in 15% and 26% higher degree of cure and front velocity, respectively. Moreover, due to the different front velocity in the top and bottom regions of the specimen, the specimens with 0.4 wt% PI exhibited a curved shape. The specimen with 0.5 wt% PI is thermally degraded and foamed. By comparing tensile properties, it is found that increasing the PI concentration from 0.2 wt% to 0.3 wt% improves the tensile strength and Young's modulus by 3.91% and 7%, respectively, while the tensile strength and the Young's modulus of frontal polymerized specimens are on average 8% and 14% higher than traditionally oven-cured ones, respectively. © 2023 by DEStech Publications, Inc. and American Society for Composites. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tensile strength

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Dynamic Stability of a Sieve Shaker Used in a Pachouli Oil Refining Process 3rd

Dynamic Stability of a Sieve Shaker Used in a Pachouli Oil R...

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3rd International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in engineering, ICECME 2021

作者： Kurniawan, Rudi Fuadi, Zahrul Abubakar, Fathurrahman Afdhal, Afdhal Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia Undergraduate Study Program Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9789811936289

One of the problems causing low quality of essential oils is the high content of solvent resulting from traditional extraction process employing low purity metallic components. This extracted oil therefore requires further process to improve the patchouli alcohol content of the oil by removing unwanted components. One of the process is by mixing the oil with bentonite and zeolite. In this study, a sieve shaker is designed to be used at an integrated equipment for patchouli oil refining process. In order to have a dynamically stable shaker, it is necessary to investigate the effect of various components for the stability, particularly the spring stiffness. The simulation was conducted using Autodesk Inventor using a one degree of freedom model. It is shown from the result that, for the defined condition, the sieve shaker shown a stable condition for the spring stiffness value at least 10 kN/m. Spring stiffness lower than the value could cause detachment of the roll follower from the cam, resulting in impact between the components. © 2023, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Stiffness

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3D-printed porous titanium suture anchor: a rabbit lateral femoral condyle model

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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2024年第1期25卷 1-9页

作者： Wu, Lien-Chen Hsieh, Yueh-Ying Hsu, Ting-Shuo Liu, Po-Yi Tsuang, Fon-Yih Kuo, Yi-Jie Chen, Chia-Hsien Van Huynh, T.I.N. Chiang, Chang-Jung Department of Orthopaedics Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University Department of Orthopaedics School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Division of Neurosurgery Department of Surgery National Taiwan University Hospital Spine Tumor Center National Taiwan University Hospital Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University School of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Department of Interventional Cardiology Thong Nhat Hospital International Ph.D program in medicine college of medicine Taipei medical university

Background: The inclusion of a connecting path in a porous implant can promote nutrient diffusion to cells and enhance bone ingrowth. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical, radiographic, and histopathological performance of a novel 3D-printed porous suture anchor in a rabbit femur model. Methods: Three test groups were formed based on the type of suture anchor (SA): Commercial SA (CSA, Group A, n = 20), custom solid SA (CSSA, Group B, n = 20), and custom porous SA (CPSA, Group C, n = 20). The SAs were implanted in the lateral femoral condyle of the right leg in each rabbit. The rabbits (New Zealand white rabbits, male, mean body weight of 2.8 ± 0.5 kg, age 8 months) underwent identical treatment and were randomized into experimental and control groups via computer-generated randomization. Five rabbits (10 femoral condyles) were euthanized at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-implantation for micro-CT, histological analysis, and biomechanical testing. Results: At 12 weeks, the CPSA showed a higher BV/TV (median 0.7301, IQR 0.7276–0.7315) than the CSSA and CSA. The histological analysis showed mineralized osteocytes near the SA. At 4 weeks, new bone was observed around the CPSA and had penetrated its porous structure. By 12 weeks, there was no significant difference in ultimate failure load between the CSA and CPSA. Conclusions: We demonstrated that the innovative 3D-printed porous suture anchor exhibited comparable pullout strength to conventional threaded suture anchors at the 12-week postoperative time-point period. Furthermore, our porous anchor design enhanced new bone formation and facilitated bone growth into the implant structure, resulting in improved biomechanical stability. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： 3D-printed porous anchor Bone formation Bone ingrowth Suture anchor

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Jamming Metal Sheets Using Electropermanent Magnets for Stiffness Modulation

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IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2025年第8期10卷 7739-7746页

作者： Leah T. Gaeta Vi T. Vo Sang-Yoep Lee Srushti Raste Megha Venkatesam Jacob Rogatinsky M. Deniz Albayrak Tommaso Ranzani Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA Department of Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Division Boston University Boston MA USA

Soft robots exhibit natural compliance which is desirable in many applications, but often require stiffness modulation techniques when more rigidity is needed. However, many existing stiffening techniques lack portability or fast response times, hindering the ubiquitous adoption of soft robots. Here we introduce a new rapid stiffness modulation method based on magnetism that exhibits portability due to electronic control. This technique jams together thin layers of inherently magnetic metal sheets with a magnetic field generated by electropermanent magnets (EPMs), producing rapid stiffness changes. Quasi-static and dynamic mechanical characterizations for samples with varied layer numbers are presented, highlighting how the magnetic attraction generated by EPMs can be exploited to create a jamming effect. Stiffness increases of up to 68% and energy absorptions of up to 113 mJ were found during quasi-static and dynamic characterizations, respectively. Finally, we demonstrate how this jamming technique can be used in a haptic feedback application and to play a miniaturized version of the game of Skee-Ball.

关键词： Steel Jamming Magnetomechanical effects Soft robotics Magnetic fields Magnets Heating systems Metals Magnetic flux Frequency modulation

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Physical Properties of Biochar Produced from Pyrolysis of Arabica Coffee Pulp: The Effect of Pre-Washing Process 3

Physical Properties of Biochar Produced from Pyrolysis of Ar...

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3rd International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2022

作者： Setiawan, A. Muhammad, F. Nurjannah, S. Riskina, S. Muhammad Hakim, L. Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Jalan Batam Kampus Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Magister Program in Renewable Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikusssaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia

Coffee pulp is a potential source of biomass which abundantly available in coffee exporter countries such as Brazil, Colombia, Indonesia etc. It is necessary to develop technologies to convert coffee pulp into value-added products. This study aims to investigate the slow pyrolysis process of arabica coffee pulp in a pilot scale reactor and evaluate the properties of resulting biochar. Prior to pyrolysis experiment, some of coffee pulp were soaked in tap water for 20 h with a ratio of water to coffee pulps of 1:5. As comparison, another set of pyrolysis experiment was carried out without soaking and washing of feedstock. The pyrolysis process was carried out in a batch reactor at temperatures within the range of 400 to 420°C. During the run, the reaction temperature versus time was recorded and products yield were quantified. Characterization of biochar product was performed under proximate, bomb calorimeter and density analyses. The yield of biochar and pyrolytic oil, respectively were 33% and 36%. Biochar characterization results suggested a significant decrease in the ash content when washing pretreatment was applied. Increases in the calorific value and bulk density were also observed from pre-washed coffee pulp sample. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Pyrolysis

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