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Anomaly-Focused Augmentation Method for Industrial Visual Inspection

IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 89118-89139页

作者： Melvinlara, Melvin A. Hameed, Ibrahim A. Koziorek, Jiri Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Ostrava70800 Czech Republic Department of Mechanical Engineering and Technology Management Ås1433 Norway

In industrial inspection, the detection of surface defects - such as scratches, dents, or other defects - is crucial for ensuring product quality. However, the limited availability of annotated images of such defects poses challenges for developing reliable detection models. This paper proposes a novel image augmentation algorithm to address this limitation by generating synthetic imperfections from a small sample set. Unlike traditional approaches that augment entire images, the proposed approach isolates defects and applies spatial transformations (e.g., rotation, shear) before blending them into background images. This allows for the creation of diverse training datasets. The algorithm employs a 2D binary map to encode the spatial relationship between defect and background regions of images and then applies an AI-driven model to generate new realistic blended images. By leveraging a generator-discriminator framework, the augmentation process is iteratively refined during training to maintain the style and texture of the original imperfections. Experimental results show that the proposed method significantly enhances the performance of defect detection models compared to existing augmentation techniques while preserving the realism of the generated images. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Photointerpretation

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A Virtual Characterization of QUAD and DOUBLE-DOUBLE Laminates: Buckling Studies

A Virtual Characterization of QUAD and DOUBLE-DOUBLE Laminat...

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Avila, Antonio F. Mapa, Lidianne P.P. Department of Mechanical Engineering Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais31270-901 Brazil Mechanical Engineering Graduate Studies Program Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais31270-901 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

A new strategy for virtually designing and analyzing double-double laminates to resist buckling under uniaxial compression or in-plane shear conditions has been proposed. This approach combines the off-the-shelf method for carbon/epoxy prepregs with the master-ply concept. The off-the-shelf method utilizes unidirectional prepregs (0° and 90°) and non-crimped fabrics (±30°, ±45°, and 90°). The strength of this non-dimensional design strategy lies in its simplicity, requiring only two parameters: Tsai’s modulus and the number of repetitions. Results were compared with finite element analyses, showing good agreement in all cases. The double-double formulation not only provides higher buckling loads for both uniaxial compression and in-plane shear but also results in distinct buckling modes. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Buckling loads

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Design and Simulation of a Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition System Operated at 2.45 GHz Using the Multiphysics Modeling based on a Finite Element Method 24

Design and Simulation of a Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemica...

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24th International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2023

作者： Aranganadin, Kaviya Hsu, Hua-Yi Lin, Ming-Chieh Hanyang University Multidisciplinary Computational Laboratory Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering Seoul04763 Korea Republic of National Taipei University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Taipei10608 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665473217

Microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPECVD) is one of the most extensively used thin film manufacturing methods for growth of diamonds than any other plasma based systems. Microwave plasmas are different from other plasmas where the microwave frequency can oscillate electrons and the collision of electrons with gaseous atoms and molecules generates a high degree of ionization. Hence in an MPECVD system, by applying microwave the plasma can be ignited and sustained, where a thin film can be deposited at lower temperatures. This paper discusses the design of a 3-D MPECVD chamber operated at a 2.45 GHz of frequency using the Multiphysics modeling based on a finite element method (FEM) that incorporates many physical interfaces including laminar flow, heat transfer in fluids, plasma, and electromagnetic waves to give more self-consistent and accurate simulation results. The plasma discharge is modeled by coupling drift-diffusion, heavy species transport, and electric fields into a single multiphysics model. The conservations of mass and momentum are modeled in simulation by solving continuity and Navier-strokes equation, respectively. The geometrical design of MPECVD consists of a coaxial waveguide connected by slots to a cylindrical plasma chamber at the center to produce T'M011 mode. With an input power of 1 kW at the input port of WR340 coaxial waveguide at 2.45 GHz with the argon pressure at the chamber varied from 600 to 1000 Torr, the plasma density increases from 5.51e16 to 5.81 e 161 m3 reaching steady-state at around 5 msec and a uniform argon plasma is excited by the TM011 cavity resonance. Detailed analysis of the dependence of the MPECVD operation on different pressures and input powers will be presented. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Finite element method

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An innovative acid-resistant elephant dung biochar powder for fermentative biohydrogen production improvement from food waste slurry

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 138卷 1263-1270页

作者： Pomdaeng, Prakaidao Chu, Chen-Yeon Masa-ad, Anchalee Ngamnurak, Phonsini Setthapun, Worajit Sintuya, Hathaithip Program of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Feng Chia University Taiwan Institute of Green Products Feng Chia University Taiwan Chiang Mai Rajabhat University Thailand Department of Biology Technology Faculty of Technology Khon Kaen University Thailand

This research investigates the innovative application of elephant dung biochar derived from pyrolysis process as an enhancer for biohydrogen production from food waste by dark fermentation process. In this study, batch fermentation experiments have been performed with elephant dung biochar concentrations from 0 to 20 g/L. The highest yields of biogas and biohydrogen achieved were 83.33 and 12.41 mL/g COD, respectively, with the maximum hydrogen concentration reaching 21.79% at the biochar concentration of 10 g/L. Additionally, the total volatile fatty acids produced after fermentation amounted to 2204 mg/L. This study found that biochar can be used for buffering pH and enhancing metabolic processes on the pathway of VFAs to hydrogen, thereby contributing to improved hydrogen yields. This study has demonstrated that biochar produced from elephant dung can significantly improve hydrogen yield from food waste, while higher concentration of biochar may have inhibitory effects. © 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Biochar Dark fermentation Elephant dung Food waste Hydrogen production

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Investigating TiO_(2)-HA-PCL hybrid coating as an efficient corrosion resistant barrier of ZM21 Mg alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第2期9卷 627-646页

作者： Navdeep Singh Uma Batra Kamal Kumar Anil Mahapatro Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Punjab Engineering CollegeChandigarh 160012India Department of Mechanical Engineering Punjab Engineering CollegeChandigarh 160012India Department of Biomedical Engineering Wichita State UniversityWichitaKS 67260United States

Surface modification for improving corrosion resistance of Mg alloys is highly demanded for degradable orthopedic and cardiovascular *** research reports the design and development of TiO_(2)–HA composite and novel TiO_(2)–HA–PCL hybrid coating belonging to the unique class of inorganic organic hybrid with striking features that are explored for the first time in the corrosion resistance of Mg ***–gel dip coating combined with non-solvent induced phase separation is used to create the hybrid ***_(2)–HA–PCL hybrid coating introduces strong hydrogen bonding between TiO_(2)–HA inorganic matrix and PCL organic layer in addition to the Vander wall electrostatic interaction of the later with the Mg substrate which in turn enhance adhesion strength to about 1.5 times of TiO_(2)–HA *** corrosion potentials for TiO_(2)–HA–PCL and TiO_(2)–HA were found to be-0.407 V and-1.017 V(vs Ag/Ag Cl),*** current densities of TiO_(2)–HA–PCL and TiO_(2)–HA were found to be 7.31×10^(-8)A/cm^(2)and 4.03×10^(-4)A/cm^(2)*** corrosion resistance of coatings was confirmed by immersion testing by weight loss,pH changes and H_(2)evolution measurements at interval of 7 days till 28 *** present TiO_(2)–HA–PCL coating in comparison to TiO_(2)–HA coating demonstrate nearly 6%less weight *** outcome of the present work was compared with the similar coatings in recent *** work done ingresses enhancing the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys,which fulfill the dreams of future degradable orthopedic and cardiovascular devices.

关键词： Corrosion resistance TiO_(2)-HA-PCL Contact angle Adhesion strength

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Injectable nanofiber-reinforced bone cement with controlled biodegradability for minimally-invasive bone regeneration

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第3期21卷 267-283页

作者： Peihao Cai Shunyi Lu Jieqin Yu Lan Xiao Jiayi Wang Haifeng Liang Lei Huang Guanjie Han Mengxuan Bian Shihao Zhang Jian Zhang Changsheng Liu Libo Jiang Yulin Li The Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryEngineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China Centre for Biomedical Technologies School of MechanicalMedical and Process EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbane4059Australia

Injectable materials show their special merits in regeneration of damaged/degenerated bones in minimally-invasive *** calcium phosphate bone cement(CPC)has attracted broad attention for its bioactivity,as compared to non-degradable polymethyl methacrylate ***,its brittleness,poor anti-washout property and uncontrollable biodegradability are the main challenges to limit its further clinical application mainly because of its stone-like dense structure and fragile inorganic-salt ***,we developed a kind of injectable CPC bone cement with porous structure and improved robustness by incorporating poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)nanofiber into CPC,with carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)to offer good injectability as well as anti-wash-out ***,the introduction of PLGA and CMC also enabled a formation of initial porous structure in the cements,where PLGA nanofiber endowed the cement with a dynamically controllable biodegradability which provided room for cell movement and bone ***-estingly,the reinforced biodegradable cement afforded a sustainable provision of Ca^(2+)bioactive components,together with its porous structure,to improve synergistically new bone formation and osteo-integration in vivo by using a rat model of femur condyle *** study on regenerative mechanisms indicated that the good minimally-invasive bone regeneration may come from the synergistic enhanced osteogenic effect of calcium ion enrichment and the improved revascularization capacity contributed from the porosity as well as the lactic acid released from PLGA *** results indicate the injectable bone cement with high strength,anti-washout property and controllable biodegradability is a promising candidate for bone regeneration in a minimally-invasive approach.

关键词： Injectable calcium phosphate cement Biodegradable PLGA nanofiber Angiogenesis Osseointegration Minimally-invasive bone regeneration

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Imputing single-cell RNA-seq data by graph autoencoder with multi-kernel

Imputing single-cell RNA-seq data by graph autoencoder with ...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2023

作者： Jiang, Kang Liao, Bo. Papagerakis, Petros Wu, Fang-Xiang University of Saskatchewan Division of Biomedical Engineering Saskatoon Canada Hainan Normal University School of Mathematics and Statistics Haikou China University of Saskatchewan College of Dentistry Saskatoon Canada University of Saskatchewan Division of Biomedical Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Saskatoon Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337488

Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has revolutionized the field by enabling the profiling of transcriptomes in cell resolution. However, it is flawed by the sparsity caused by low mRNA capture efficiency during sequencing. This results in "dropout"events where genes are expressed but not detected. Dropout can hinder downstream analyses like differential expression and clustering. To tackle this issue, we present a novel imputation approach called MKGAE, which utilizes graph convolution and autoencoder techniques to construct a generative model for imputing missing values within scRNA-seq data. Meanwhile, considering the intricate relationships between genes, merging them into a single graph might lead to the loss of important insights. To address this, we utilize two gene-to-gene graph kernels for graph convolution. Experiments across both simulated and real scRNA-seq datasets illustrate MKGAE's superiority over other state-of-the-art methods in terms of clustering analysis and differentially expressed gene identification. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Graph Autoencoder Imputation Single-cell RNA-seq

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Design and Simulation of an L-band Ferrite Waveguide Circulator for Industrial Applications 24

Design and Simulation of an L-band Ferrite Waveguide Circula...

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24th International Vacuum Electronics Conference, IVEC 2023

ISBN: (纸本)9781665473217

Commercial L-band circulator (WR975) at 896 ± 10MHz is available on markets. However, for a wider bandwidth ( 30 MHz) application, we would need two units operated in dual frequencies between 896 MHz and 915 MHz to cover the frequency range required. A Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation study found that a broader bandwidth can be achieved by reducing the height of the waveguide circulator in half. This also leads to a reduction in overall fabrication cost. This paper discusses a detailed design and modelling of the L-band circulator operating at 915 MHz with a wide bandwidth of 55 MHz (895MZ to 950 MHz), an insertion loss of 0.195 dB for the entire bandwidth, and 0.173 dB at 915 MHz for a uniform applied bias field. The average transmission efficiency within the bandwidth is > 95.59% in the operating region, which reduces power reflections for improving the performance and reliability of magnetrons. This paper also discusses a realist magnetic circuit design for the proposed model to simulate a non-uniform applied bias for more accurate simulation results. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Bandwidth

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Soft,stretchable,wireless intelligent three-lead electrocardiograph monitors with feedback functions for warning of potential heart attack

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SmartMat 2022年第4期3卷 668-684页

作者： Chunki Yiu Yiming Liu Chao Zhang Jingkun Zhou Huiling Jia Tsz H.Wong Xingcan Huang Jian Li Kuanming Yao Ming K.Yau Ling Zhao Hu Li Binbin Zhang Wooyoung Park Yuanting Zhang Zuankai Wang Xinge Yu Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering Hong KongChina Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are fatal chronic diseases,where electrocardiography(ECG)monitoring could be a prominent solution for early *** spite of available commercialized,multilead ECG devices,bulky formats,discontinuous monitoring,and no safety alarm system significantly limit their practical ***,we present a soft,and stretchable,three-lead ECG device allowing continuous monitoring and wireless transmission of ECG signals.A newly developed organohydrogel patch with a strong adhesive ability(~9.9 kPa)and higher conductivity(~6.5 kΩ)is applied for high-quality ECG signals *** a long operation duration(6.5 h)and wireless transmission distance(20.9 m),it could fulfill most of the daily *** learning algorithms and the graphical user interface are used for real-time ECG monitoring and cardiac abnormalities *** vibratory flexible actuator,which is triggered by cardiac abnormalities that need immediate medical treatment,is also integrated as a warning system for the *** a newly reported stretchable multi-lead ECG device for long-term ECG signal monitoring,there is a high potential for improving users'life quality with the high-risk population of CVDs.

关键词： 3-lead electrocardiograph safety alarm system skin electronics stretchable electronics wireless charging and communication

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The influence of latex level and pigment type on the penetration of hot melt adhesive into coated paperboard

The influence of latex level and pigment type on the penetra...

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TAPPICon 2023 - Rock the Roll: Unleashing the Harmonies of the Paper Industry

作者： Khlewee, Mubarak DeSisto, William Bousfield, Douglas University of Maine Paper Surface Science Program Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering OronoME04469 United States

The penetration of hot melt adhesive into coated paperboard influences the efficient use of adhesive and the final bond strength in the production of boxes and other structures. However, little systematic work is reported on this topic and no fundamental modeling of the penetration event. Here, the penetration of a hot melt adhesive is characterized with a silicone oil method, for a range of latex levels and pigment types in the coating layer. The results are compared to a model of the process. © 2023 TAPPICon 2023 - "Rock the Roll: Unleashing the Harmonies of the Paper Industry". All rights reserved.

关键词： Silicones

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