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ASME 2024 International mechanical engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2024

作者： Sareen, Akashita Hill, Curtis W. Salary, Roozbeh Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Marshall University HuntingtonWV25755 United States NASA Marshall Space Flight Center ESSCA HuntsvilleAL35808 United States Departments of Mechanical & Biomedical Engineering Marshall University HuntingtonWV25755 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888605

Aerosol jet printing (AJP) is a direct-write additive manufacturing technique used to fabricate electronics, such as sensors, capacitors, and optoelectronic *** has gained significant attention in being able to utilize aerodynamic principles to deposit conductive inks (such as silver nanoparticle-based inks) onto rigid and flexible *** aerosol jet printing system consists of three main components to execute the printing process: (i) the pneumatic atomizer, (ii) the virtual impactor, and (iii) the deposition *** virtual impactor (VI) lies between the pneumatic atomizer and the deposition head, accepting the accelerated flow of differently sized aerosol particles from the pneumatic atomizer, while acting as an "aerodynamic separator." With the challenges associated with the efficiency as well as resulting quality of the AJP process, the virtual impactor presents a unique opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the component itself, aerosol particle flow behavior, and how it contributes to overall printing inefficiencies, poor repeatability, and resulting print ***, this effort enables the expedited adoption of AJP in the electronics industry and beyond at large *** challenges mentioned are addressed in this work by conducting a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study of the virtual impactor to visualize fluid transportation and deposition under specific *** objective of this study is to observe and characterize a single-phase, compressible, turbulent flow through the virtual impactor in *** virtual impactor geometry is modeled in the ANSYS-Fluent environment based on the design by *** virtual impactor is assembled using a housing, collector, jet, stem, O-rings and a retaining ***, a mesh structure is generated to discretize the flow *** addition, material properties, boundary conditions, and the relevant governing equations (based on the Navier-Stokes equations) are utilized to,

关键词： Pneumatics

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Characterizing regional biomechanical properties of the porcine iris using Optical Coherence Elastography 10

Characterizing regional biomechanical properties of the porc...

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Optical Elastography and Tissue Biomechanics X 2023

作者： Mekonnen, Taye Zevallos-Delgado, Christian Safa, Babak N. Singh, Manmohan Aglyamov, Salavat R. Ethier, C. Ross Larin, Kirill V. Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston 3517 Cullen Blvd. Room 2027 HoustonTX77204 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Emory University AtlantaGA United States Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510658677

The fundamental physiological function of the iris is to control the amount of light entering the eye, which requires the coordinated constriction or dilation of the pupil, affected by two antagonistic muscles, namely the sphincter and radial muscles. Disorders of the iris, including these muscles, may lead to ocular pathologies, such as primary angle-closure glaucoma. Here, we assessed the regional biomechanical properties of the iris using phase-sensitive optical coherence elastography (PhS-OCE) to quantify the shear wave speed arising from perturbations generated using an acoustic radiation force (ARF) transducer of resonant frequency 3.5 MHz and focal length 19 mm. We determined regional shear wave speeds by tracking elastic wave propagation in ex vivo porcine irides. Results showed that the mean shear wave speed in the pupillary zone (~2.1 m/s) was consistently greater than in the ciliary zone (~1.87 m/s). These findings indicate that the mechanical properties of the iris exhibit regional heterogeneity, which may be related to the microstructure of the iris (muscle locations/extent) and intrinsic elastic properties. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Muscle

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Tracking Local Contractile Movement of Myotubes Layer Using Matrix Pattern Markers Microfabricated on Rear Side of Scaffold Thin Film 13

Tracking Local Contractile Movement of Myotubes Layer Using ...

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13th International Multi-Conference on Complexity, Informatics and Cybernetics, IMCIC 2022

作者： Endo, Yoshiaki Hashimoto, Shigehiro Horiguchi, Fumiya Biomedical Engineering Systems Design Kogakuin University Tokyo163-8677 Japan Biomedical Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Kogakuin University Tokyo163-8677 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781950492619

To measure the local repetitive contractile movement of the layer of myotubes, the movement of micro matrix pattern markers on the rear side of the scaffold thin film has been tracked under electric stimulation in vitro. The scaffold was made of a polydimethylsiloxane film (6 μm thickness) with microprotrusions (4 μm diameter, 2 μm height, 30 μm interval) made by the photolithography technique. C2C12 (mouse myoblast) was seeded on the film at the counter surface to the protrusions at the density of 50000 cells/cm2. The cells were cultured to be differentiated into myotubes on the scaffold for 10 days. The electric pulses (2 V amplitude, 0.5 s pulse period, 1 ms pulse width) were applied between electrodes of titanium wire dipped in the medium. Both the markers on the film and the myotubes on the counter side of the film are able to be simultaneously observed by adjusting the focus of the microscope. The experimental results show that the local cyclic movement of the layer of myotubes was able to be measured with the movement of each marker. The designed scaffold has a potential to analyze the local contractile movement of the layer of myotubes in vitro. © by the International Institute of Informatics and Systemics.

关键词： Cell culture

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Direction of Cell Deformation during Microgap Passage 13

Direction of Cell Deformation during Microgap Passage

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13th International Multi-Conference on Complexity, Informatics and Cybernetics, IMCIC 2022

作者： Hashimoto, Shigehiro Shimada, Sakyo Uehara, Shogo Biomedical Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Kogakuin University Tokyo163-8677 Japan Biomedical Engineering Systems Design Kogakuin University Tokyo163-8677 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781950492619

A biological cell can pass through a narrow gap. The gap plays a role of filter of cells in vivo. In the preset study, deformation of a cell during passing through a micro-gap in a micro flow channel has been analyzed in vitro. A gap with the rectangular cross section (7 μm high, 0.4 mm wide, and 0.1 mm long) has been made at the middle part of the micro flow channel by the photolithography technique. Myoblasts (C2C12: mouse myoblast cells) were used in the test. The flow rate of the medium fluid, in which cells were suspended, was controlled by the pressure head between the inlet and the outlet. The deformation of each cell passing through the micro gap was observed with an inverted phase-contrast microscope. The experimental results show that the cell tends to extend in the direction of flow with the increase of the velocity during the movement of passing through the gap. © by the International Institute of Informatics and Systemics.

关键词： Deformation

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Efficient Numerical Scheme for Solving Large System of Nonlinear Equations

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5331-5347页

作者： Mudassir Shams Nasreen Kausar Shams Forruque Ahmed Irfan Anjum Badruddin Syed Javed Department of Mathematics and Statistics Riphah International UniversityI-14Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Yildiz Technical UniversityFaculty of Arts and ScienceEsenler34210IstanbulTurkey Science and Math Program Asian University for WomenChattogramBangladesh Mechanical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

A fifth-order family of an iterative method for solving systems of nonlinear equations and highly nonlinear boundary value problems has been developed in this *** analysis demonstrates that the local order of convergence of the numerical method is *** computer algebra system CAS-Maple,Mathematica,or MATLAB was the primary tool for dealing with difficult problems since it allows for the handling and manipulation of complex mathematical equations and other mathematical *** numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the properties of the proposed rapidly convergent algorithms.A dynamic evaluation of the presented methods is also presented utilizing basins of attraction to analyze their convergence *** from visualizing iterative processes,this methodology provides useful information on iterations,such as the number of diverging-converging points and the average number of iterations as a function of initial *** numerous highly nonlinear boundary value problems and large nonlinear systems of equations of higher dimensions demonstrate the performance,efficiency,precision,and applicability of a newly presented technique.

关键词： Nonlinear equations convergence order boundary value problem computational time basins of attraction converging points

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Preparation and Optical Performance of Polyimide Thin Films with Micro Prism

Preparation and Optical Performance of Polyimide Thin Films ...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale, 3M-NANO 2024

作者： Hu, Junting Weng, Zhankun Fayomi, Ojo S. Cui, Yuxiao Wang, Shenzhi Liu, Tong Wang, Guanqun Changchun University of Science and Technology International Research Centre for Nano Handing and Manufacturing of China Changchun China Foshan University International Research Centre for Nano Handing and Manufacturing of China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering and Automation Foshan China Bells University of Technology College of Engineering Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Nigeria

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362107

In response to the problem of high indoor temperature caused by direct sunlight, this work prepared polyimide films with micro prism structures. Compared to unstructured PI films, the PI micro prism film exhibits excellent reflection efficiency in the visible light region (400 nm-800 nm), with the highest reflectivity reaching 38.25% at a period of 13 pm. In addition, in the infrared band (8-14 μ m), both PI microprisms and PI films exhibit good radiative cooling performance. PI micro prism thin film has good potential in reducing room temperature when applied to indoor glass surfaces. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Prisms

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Investigation of the Effects of Temperature and Contact Pressure on the Friction Coefficient in Uncoated PHS2000 Steel Plates 12th

Investigation of the Effects of Temperature and Contact Pres...

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12th Brazilian Manufacturing engineering Congress, COBEF 2023

作者： dos Santos Silva, Bruno Caetano Seixas, Luã Fonseca Folle, Luis Fernando Dourado, Alexandre Ferraz Lima, Tiago Nunes Coelho, Rodrigo Santiago Batalha, Gilmar Ferreira Salvador Brazil Department of Mechatronics and Mechanical Systems Engineering Polytechnic School of Engineering University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil Postgraduate Program MPDS/GETEC/MCTI SENAI CIMATEC Salvador Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031435546

Manganese-boron steels are widely used in hot stamping, resulting in 1500 MPa (PHS 1500) or even 2000 MPa (PHS 2000) tensile strength after the hot stamping process. These steels are most commonly used in industry in the form of AlSi-coated sheets. However, recent developments are being made to enable the application of uncoated steels, resulting in cost reduction, but bringing technological challenges to be overcome. The coefficient of friction (µ) is a fundamental parameter in sheet metal forming and is influenced by several factors, such as: surface roughness, working temperature, lubrication, contact pressure and sliding speed. In hot stamping, it is known that the temperature can have a great influence on µ values for coated plates, but there is little information about uncoated steels. This work aims to investigate the tribological behavior of uncoated PHS 2000 steel plates using the pin-on-disk test. Tests were carried out under three temperatures (800 °C, 600 °C and 400 °C) and contact pressures of 5 and 10 MPa. Results showed that the friction coefficient tends to reduce with increasing temperature at a pressure of 5 MPa, as result of oxide formation on the steel’s surface. However, at a pressure of 10 MPa, this reduction was not observed. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Temperature

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Evaluation of a Body-Conforming Electrode for Functional Ultrasound Compatible Electrical Stimulation

Evaluation of a Body-Conforming Electrode for Functional Ult...

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2023 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2023

作者： Moon, Sunho Xue, Xiangming Shukla, Darpan Ganesh, Vidisha Zhu, Yong Sharma, Nitin Jiang, Xiaoning North Carolina State University The Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering RaleighNC United States North Carolina State University The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering RaleighNC United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350346459

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a neurorehabilitation modality that helps improve the size and strength of atrophied muscles after paralysis and reduce spasticity. However, FES causes muscle fatigue, and monitoring the patient's response to avert muscle fatigue caused by FES becomes imperative. Ultrasound (US) imaging can elucidate valuable information about muscle thickness, stiffness, force, and fatigue in the muscles. However, if the FES electrodes do not match the acoustic properties of the surrounding tissues, it could result in the interference with other electronic devices, potentially affecting both US imaging and the performance of the FES system. This study evaluates a specially designed body-conforming FES customized electrode that is intended to be compatible with US. The electrode is made with silver-nanowires/ Polydimethylsiloxane (AgNW/PDMS). The performance of the body-conforming customized FES electrode was demonstrated in parallel to that of the commercial hydrogel electrode. Moreover, compatibility with US was established through tests employing a 3.5 MHz single-element US transducer. The customized FES electrode exhibited a comparably minor variance ( © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Electrodes

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A Novel Approach to Breast Tumor Detection: Enhanced Speckle Reduction and Hybrid Classification in Ultrasound Imaging

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 1875-1901页

作者： K.Umapathi S.Shobana Anand Nayyar Judith Justin R.Vanithamani Miguel Villagómez Galindo Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari Hitesh Panchal Department of Biomedical Engineering KIT-Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore641402India Graduate School Faculty of Information TechnologyDuy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Viet Nam Department of Biomedical and Instrumentation Engineering Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education forWomenCoimbatore641043India UniversidadMichoacana de SanNicolás de HidalgoAvenida Francisco J.Múgica S/N Ciudad Universitaria MoreliaCP58030Mexico Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering Gujarat Technological UniveristyNigam NagarChandkhedaAhmedabadGujarat382424India

Breast cancer detection heavily relies on medical imaging, particularly ultrasound, for early diagnosis and effectivetreatment. This research addresses the challenges associated with computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of breastcancer fromultrasound images. The primary challenge is accurately distinguishing between malignant and benigntumors, complicated by factors such as speckle noise, variable image quality, and the need for precise segmentationand classification. The main objective of the research paper is to develop an advanced methodology for breastultrasound image classification, focusing on speckle noise reduction, precise segmentation, feature extraction, andmachine learning-based classification. A unique approach is introduced that combines Enhanced Speckle ReducedAnisotropic Diffusion (SRAD) filters for speckle noise reduction, U-NET-based segmentation, Genetic Algorithm(GA)-based feature selection, and Random Forest and Bagging Tree classifiers, resulting in a novel and efficientmodel. To test and validate the hybrid model, rigorous experimentations were performed and results state thatthe proposed hybrid model achieved accuracy rate of 99.9%, outperforming other existing techniques, and alsosignificantly reducing computational time. This enhanced accuracy, along with improved sensitivity and specificity,makes the proposed hybrid model a valuable addition to CAD systems in breast cancer diagnosis, ultimatelyenhancing diagnostic accuracy in clinical applications.

关键词： Ultrasound images breast cancer tumor classification segmentation deep learning lesion detection

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Development of the Customized Asymmetric Fixation Plate to Resist Postoperative Relapse of Hemifacial Microsomia Following BSSO: Topology Optimization and Biomechanical Testing

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Annals of biomedical engineering 2023年第5期51卷 987-1001页

作者： Wang, Po-Fang Wang, Yu-Tzu Department of Biomedical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Craniofacial Center Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital 5 Fu-Hsing Street Kueishan Taoyuan333 Taiwan Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering TamKang University No.151 Yingzhuan Rd. Tamsui Dist. New Taipei City251301 Taiwan

Hemifacial microsomia (HFM), one of the most common congenital facial anomalies, was usually treated with the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) procedure to correct the asymmetric appearance and malocclusion of the mandible. However, the frequent post-operative relapse incidents would lead to the restoration of the mandibular segment to its preoperative position and failure of the BSSO procedure. In this study, a customized asymmetric fixed plate (CAF plate) was developed to resist relapse due to hemifacial microsomia occlusal forces and the different muscular traction forces on both sides of the mandible. For the actual HFM case in this study, the reconstructed mandibular segmental bone model was fixed using BSSO with a rectangular plate (the original CAF plate appearance) in the topology optimization analysis. With the topology optimization technique, the CAF plate was designed with a lightweight profile and excellent structural strength in consideration of the HFM asymmetrical muscle traction and occlusal force. Using biomechanical simulations, the von-Mises stress and CAF plate mandibular segment displacement and the miniplate were compared to evaluate which had superior relapse resistance. In the in-vitro biomechanical test, a fatigue force of 250,000 cycles and a constant muscle traction force were applied to the HFM mandibular model, which was fixed with the CAF plate fabricated using metal 3D printing (selective laser melting, SLM) to obtain the mandibular segment displacement as a relapse assessment. The topology optimization analysis showed that the CAF plate has the best characteristics, light weight and structural strength with 30% volume retention. The biomechanical analysis showed that the maximum von Mises stress of the mini-plate was 2.71 times higher than that of the CAF plate. The relapse displacement of the mandibular segment fixed with the mini-plate was 1.62 times higher than that fixed with the CAF plate. The CAF plate ability to resist

关键词： Shape optimization

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