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Discrete Element Method to Model Tension and Bending for Single Layer 3-Dimension Systems with Bimodal and Pseudo-Full Particle Size Distributions of Spherical Particles

Discrete Element Method to Model Tension and Bending for Sin...

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TAPPICon LIVE 2021

作者： Varney, Dan Toivakka, Martti Bousfield, Doug OMYA Inc. ProctorVT05765 United States Laboratory of Paper Coating and Converting Åbo Akademi University Turku Finland Paper Surface Science Program Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering University of Maine OronoME04469 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713848370

The mechanical properties of paper coating layers are important in converting operations such as calendering, printing and, folding. While a number of experimental and theoretical studies have advanced our knowledge of these systems, a good particle level understanding of issues like crack-at-the-fold are lacking. In this paper, the three-dimensional version of the discrete element method (DEM) model of Varney et al. (2019) has been modified. The particles used in the model have been expanded from the standard monodisperse packing of spherical particles to bimodal distributions of spherical particles and also to pseudo-full particle size distributions of spherical particles. In making this upgrade to the model, the impact of particle size distribution on the mechanical properties of the coating layer could be studied. Simulations were run for both in-line tension and for three-point bending of single coating layer systems. As with past models, inputs to the 3D version include properties of the pure binder film and the binder concentration. The model predicts crack formation as a function of these parameters and can also calculate the modulus, the maximum stress, and the strain-at-failure. The simulation results were compared to the work of Zhu et al. (2014) and of Hashemi-Najafi et al. (2018). Reasonable predictions were obtained for both tensile and bending for a range of latex-starch ratios and at various pigment concentrations. In addition, the model predicted the correct trends and order of magnitude relative to the experimental data. Copyright© 2021 by the TAPPI Press, All rights reserved.

关键词： Particle size analysis

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Chrysanthemum Flower-Like Nio-Coo Hybrid as Anode for High-Performance Lithium/Sodium-Ion Batteries: Understanding Capacitive and Diffusive Li+/Na+ Charge Storage Kinetics

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Kannadasan, Kalidoss Govindasamy, Mani Kuo, Chih-Yu Elumalai, Perumal Electrochemical Energy Storage Lab Department of Green Energy Technology Madanjeet School of Green Energy Technologies Pondicherry University Puducherry605014 India International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei24301 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan King Saud University Saudi Arabia

In this study, chrysanthemum flower-like nickel oxide – cobalt oxide (NiO-CoO) nano hybrid was generated hydrothermally and explored as an anode in lithium/sodium-ion batteries. Various characterization techniques were employed to analyze the crystal structure, chemical composition and morphology of the synthesized NiO-CoO nano hybrid. Electrochemical studies including cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were conducted to evaluate the lithium-ion and sodium-ion storage performances of the NiO-CoO nano hybrid electrode. It turned out that the lithium-ion battery half-cell constructed in the form of CR-2032 coin cell containing the NiO-CoO hybrid anode achieved a high specific capacity of 739 mA h g-1 at 0.1C-rate showed consistent 100% Coulombic efficiency over 100 charge-discharge cycles. Additionally, the sodium-ion battery performance was also investigated, delivering a specific capacity of 340 mA h g-1 at 0.1C-rate with stable cycle life over 100 cycles. Interestingly, a full-cell lithium-ion battery (NiO-CoO|1M LiPF6|LiCoO2) was assembled for the first time employing the NiO-CoO nano hybrid as anode. The fabricated CR-2032 coin-type LIB full-cell exhibited a specific capacity of 112 mA h g-1 at 0.1C-rate. Further the full cell LIB was demonstrated for practical applications such as powering commercial LED bulbs and a temperature sensor. The fabricated full-cell sustained illumination of a green LED bulb for over 5 hours on a single charge. The fascinating flower-like morphology of the NiO-CoO hybrid led to better interaction with the electrolyte and offered short diffusion path as well as efficient conversion/re-conversion reactions which in turn led to high charge storage. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anodes

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Label-Free and Liquid State Sers Detection of Multi-Scaled Bioanalytes Via Light-Induced Pinpoint Colloidal Assembly

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Han, Seungyeon Park, Junhee Moon, Sunghyun Eom, Seonghyeon Jin, Chang Min Kim, Seungmin Ryu, Yong-Sang Choi, Yeonho Lee, Jong Bum Choi, Inhee Department of Life Science University of Seoul Seoul02504 Korea Republic of Department of Chemical Engineering University of Seoul Seoul02504 Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering Korea University Seoul02481 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea University Seoul02481 Korea Republic of Exopert Corporation Seoul02580 Korea Republic of Department of Applied Chemistry University of Seoul Seoul02504 Korea Republic of

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been extensively applied to detect complex analytes due to its ability to enhance the fingerprint signals of molecules around nanostructured metallic surfaces. Thus, it is essential to design SERS-active nanostructures with abundant electromagnetic hotspots in a probed volume according to the dimensions of the analytes, as the analytes must be located in their hotspots for maximum signal enhancement. Herein, we demonstrate a simple method for detecting robust SERS signals from multi-scaled bioanalytes, regardless of their dimensions in the liquid state, through a photothermally driven co-assembly with colloidal plasmonic nanoparticles as signal enhancers. Under resonant light illumination, plasmonic nanoparticles and analytes in the solution quickly assemble at the focused surface area by convective movements induced by the photothermal heating of the plasmonic nanoparticles without any surface modification. Such collective assemblies of plasmonic nanoparticles and analytes were optimized by varying the optical density and surface charge of the nanoparticles, the viscosity of the solvent, and the light illumination time to maximize the SERS signals. Using these light-induced co-assemblies, the intrinsic SERS signals of small biomolecules can be detected down to nanomolar concentrations based on their fingerprint spectra. Furthermore, large-sized biomarkers, such as viruses and exosomes, were successfully detected without labels, and the complexity of the collected spectra was statistically analyzed using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding combined with support vector machine (t-SNE+SVM). The proposed method is expected to provide a robust and convenient method to sensitively detect biologically and environmentally relevant analytes at multiple scales in liquid samples. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Viruses

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Association of Antihypertensive Medication with Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness

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Ophthalmology 2021年第3期128卷 393-400页

作者： Chong, Rachel S. Chee, Miao-Li Tham, Yih-Chung Majithia, Shivani Thakur, Sahil Teo, Zhen Ling Da Soh, Zhi Chua, Jacqueline Tan, Bingyao Wong, Damon W.K. Schmetterer, Leopold Sabanayagam, Charumathi Cheng, Ching-Yu Singapore National Eye Centre Singapore Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP) Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering (STANCE) Singapore NTU Institute of Health Technologies Singapore School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel Switzerland

Purpose: To evaluate the association between different classes of antihypertensive medication with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness in a nonglaucomatous multiethnic Asian population. Design: Population-based, cross-sectional study. Participants: A total of 9144 eyes for RNFL analysis (2668 Malays, 3554 Indians, and 2922 Chinese) and 8549 eyes for GC-IPL analysis (2460 Malays, 3230 Indians, and 2859 Chinese) aged 44 to 86 years. Methods: Participants underwent standardized systemic and ocular examinations and interviewer-administered questionnaires for collection of data on medication and other variables. Intraocular pressure (IOP) readings were obtained by Goldmann applanation tonometry before pupil dilation for fundoscopy and OCT imaging. Blood pressure (BP) was measured with an automatic BP monitor. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was defined as diastolic BP plus 1/3 (systolic BP – diastolic BP). Regression models were used to investigate the association of antihypertensive medication with OCT measurements of RNFL and GC-IPL. Main Outcome Measures: Average and sectoral RNFL and GC-IPL thickness. Results: After adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, MAP, IOP, body mass index (BMI), and presence of diabetes, we found that participants taking any type of antihypertensive medication (β = −0.83;95% confidence interval [CI], −1.46 to −0.02;P = 0.01), specifically angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) (β = −1.66;95% CI, −2.57 to −0.75;P < 0.001) or diuretics (β = −1.38;95% CI, −2.59 to −0.17;P < 0.05), had thinner average RNFL in comparison with participants who were not receiving antihypertensive treatment. Use of a greater number of antihypertensive medications was significantly associated with thinner average RNFL (P for trend = 0.001). This association was most evident in the inferior RNFL quadrant in participants using ACEIs (β = −2.44;95% CI, −3.99 to −0.89;P = 0.002) or diuretics (β = −2.76;95% CI,

关键词： anti-hypertensive GC-IPL glaucoma hypertension medication OCT RNFL systemic medication

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Naked-eye observation of water-forming reaction on palladium etalon:transduction of gas-matter reaction into light-matter interaction

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PhotoniX 2023年第1期4卷 349-363页

作者： Jongsu Lee Eui-Sang Yu Taehyun Kim In Soo Kim Seok Chung Seung Jae Kwak Won Bo Lee Yusin Pak Yong-Sang Ryu Sensor System Research Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Smart Materials Research Section Electronics and Telecommunications Research InstituteDaejeon 34129Republic of Korea Department of Micro/Nano Systems Korea University02841 SeoulRepublic of Korea Nanophotonics Research Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea UniversitySeoul 02481Republic of Korea School of Biomedical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02481Republic of Korea

Palladium is the most prominent material in both scientific and industrial research on gas storage,purification,detection,and catalysis due to its unique properties as a catalyst and hydrogen *** the dynamic optical phenomena of palladium reacting with hydrogen,transduction of the gas-matter reaction into light-matter interaction is attempted to visualize the dynamic surface chemistry and reaction *** simple geometry of the metal-dielectric-metal structure,Fabry-Perot etalon,is employed for a colorimetric reactor,to display the catalytic reaction of the exposed gas via water-film/bubble formation at the dielectric/palladium *** adsorption/desorption behavior and catalytic reaction of hydrogen and oxygen on the palladium surface display highly repeatable and dramatic color changes based on two distinct water formation trends:the foggy effect by water bubbles and the whiteout effect by water film *** and experiments demonstrate the robustness of the proposed Fabry-Perot etalon as an excellent platform for monitoring the opto-physical phenomena driven by heterogeneous catalysis.

关键词： Palladium Hydrogen Oxygen Fabry-Perot resonators Colorimetric sensors Water-forming reaction

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A Chemoimmunotherapy Nanogel Enables Efficient Delivery of Interleukin-2 and Induction of Immunogenic Cell Death for Effective Cancer Therapy

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Advanced Functional Materials 2024年第1期34卷

作者： Mu, Hsuan-Yu Ta, Yen-Nhi Ngoc Tham, Max Jing Rui Hsu, Fu-Fei Lin, Yu-Chieh Huang, Hsi-Chien Sung, Yun-Chieh Huang, Chih-I Wu, Ching-Ling Chang, Chao-Hung Yang, Sheng Lee, Tsung-Ying Wan, Dehui Wang, Jane Duda, Dan G. Boucher, Yves Huang, Jen-Huang Ang, Wee Han Chen, Yunching Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore Singapore117544 Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore119077 Singapore Institute of Biomedical Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology Department of Radiation Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School BostonMA02114 United States Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is one of the first FDA-approved immunotherapeutics, but its use is limited by toxicity and low efficacy. In addition, all immunotherapies are limited by the immunosuppressive and desmoplastic microenvironment of "immunologically cold" tumors, such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with advanced liver fibrosis. Here, a new chemoimmunotherapy nanogel (IL2-Pt@Nanogel) for dual delivery of IL-2 and the type II immunogenic cell death inducer Pt-NHC that reduces the immunosuppressive phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages and diminishes regulatory T cell infiltration by inducing the production of type I interferon (IFN) by cancer cells is reported. Combining the angiotensin II receptor blocker losartan with IL2-Pt@Nanogel treatment reduces desmoplasia and reprogrammes the microenvironment of PDAC and HCC toward an immunostimulatory one. These effects result in potent anti-tumor efficacy in models of primary and metastatic PDAC and HCC with underlying liver fibrosis. This study presents a strategy for IL-2-based chemoimmunotherapy with the potential for clinical translation to treat solid tumors. © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Nanogels

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AI-powered multimodal modeling of personalized hemodynamics in aortic stenosis

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ozturk, Caglar Pak, Daniel H. Rosalia, Luca Goswami, Debkalpa Robakowski, Mary E. McKay, Raymond Nguyen, Christopher T. Duncan, James S. Roche, Ellen T. Institute for Medical Engineering and Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Bioengineering Science Research Group School of Engineering University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New HavenCT United States Health Sciences and Technology Program Harvard–Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Cardiovascular Innovation Research Center Heart Vascular & Thoracic Institute Cleveland Clinic ClevelandOH United States Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Heart Vascular & Thoracic Institute Cleveland Clinic ClevelandOH United States Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Cleveland State University ClevelandOH United States Interventional Cardiology Hartford Hospital HartfordCT United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States

Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease in developed countries. High-fidelity preclinical models can improve AS management by enabling therapeutic innovation, early diagnosis, and tailored treatment planning. However, their use is currently limited by complex workflows necessitating lengthy expert-driven manual operations. Here, we propose an AI-powered computational framework for accelerated and democratized patient-specific modeling of AS hemodynamics from computed tomography. First, we demonstrate that our automated meshing algorithms can generate task-ready geometries for both computational and benchtop simulations with higher accuracy and 100 times faster than existing approaches. Then, we show that our approach can be integrated with fluid-structure interaction and soft robotics models to accurately recapitulate a broad spectrum of clinical hemodynamic measurements of diverse AS patients. The efficiency and reliability of these algorithms make them an ideal complementary tool for personalized high-fidelity modeling of AS biomechanics, hemodynamics, and treatment planning. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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All-Electric Ship On-Board Continuous Sustainable H2 Generation from Aluminum Scrap and Seawater

All-Electric Ship On-Board Continuous Sustainable H2 Generat...

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IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium, ESTS

作者： Dhyogo M. Taher Wellington Balmant Stephan H. Och Diogo B. Pitz Giuliana S. Venter Lucio C. Filho Lauber S. Martins José V. C. Vargas Juan C. Ordonez Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering and Sustainable Energy Research and Development Center Federal University of Paraná UFPR Curitiba PR Brazil Department of Chemical Engineering Maringá State University UEM Maringá PR Brazil Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences Advent Health University AHU Orlando FL USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Advanced Power Systems and Energy and Sustainability Center Florida State University FSU Tallahassee FL USA

A mathematical model of a sustainable H2 generation reactor that utilizes aluminum and seawater is introduced. Conservation of species and the kinetics of the H2 production reaction from aluminum and seawater allowed for obtaining the process transient response in a batch reactor. Continuous steady state production was assessed by adding a balance of energy, allowing for reactants inlet mass flow rates, and calculating the outlet H2 mass flow (generation) rate. The theoretical H2 production curve data showed good quantitative and qualitative agreement with experimental data. The validated mathematical model was then used to optimize the continuous reactor. The maximum was sharp, since an 85% variation between the maximum and the smallest H2 generation rate value as a function of the inlet NaOH solution volumetric flow rate tested range was verified. Such fundamental result stresses the importance of operating the system at the optimal condition, no matter how complex the actual reactor design may be. Since aluminum is inexpensive, abundant, and fully recyclable, in situ sustainable H2 production could allow for fuel cell stacks to become all electric ships (AES) power sources.

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The Pull of Tissue engineering: A STEM Outreach program with a Modular Cyclic Stretch Device to Engage High School Students

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biomedical engineering Education 2021年第1期2卷 31-39页

作者： Ozdemir, Tugba Senocak, Erdal Gerber, Gene Tayhan, Secil Erden Brown, Justin L. Biomedical Engineering Program Chemical and Biological Engineering Department South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City USA Department of Science Education Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University Tokat Turkey Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University State College USA Department of Genetics and Bioengineering Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University Tokat Turkey

In this paper we designed a STEM outreach program with a modular tissue engineering education tool (we refer to as “modular cyclic-stretch device”) to engage high school students in STEM hands-on activities. Using simple machines such as gears and rotating cams, students were able to build a custom device to apply cyclic stretch to biomaterials. With the help of this hands-on activity, our outreach program helped students grasp tendon tissue biomechanics and understand the importance of applying biomechanical force to regenerate tendon tissue in a laboratory setting. The two-day outreach program comprised: 1. pre- and post-tests; 2. lectures; 3. laboratory sessions, including the microscopic examination of stained tissue sections and a hands-on group activity employing the modular cyclic-stretch device; and 4. homework. Assessment results suggest that our program supports improved student awareness and interest in tissue engineering as a future profession. The program elevated students’ confidence in their ability to apply engineering principles to tasks such as building a modular cyclic-stretch device and measuring the mechanical properties of biological tissues. Building an educational bioreactor improved students’ understanding of the dynamic nature of the human body and the importance of tissue engineering as an emerging discipline towards replacing or regenerating damaged organs. We propose that our modular device has great outreach potential to introduce tissue engineering concepts to high school and potentially college freshmen engineering students.

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Author Correction: Elastic electronics based on micromesh-structured rubbery semiconductor films (vol 5, pg 881, 2022)

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NATURE ELECTRONICS 2023年第1期6卷 86-86页

作者： Guan, Ying-Shi Ershad, Faheem Rao, Zhoulyu Ke, Zhifan da Costa, Ernesto Curty Xiang, Qian Lu, Yuntao Wang, Xu Mei, Jianguo Vanderslice, Peter Hochman-Mendez, Camila Yu, Cunjiang Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston Houston TX USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Materials Research Institute Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Department of Chemistry Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Regenerative Medicine Research Texas Heart Institute Houston TX USA Molecular Cardiology Research Laboratory Texas Heart Institute Houston TX USA

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