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2024 International 3D Systems Integration Conference, 3DIC 2024

作者： Tominaga, Akihiro Shen, Jiayi Liu, Chang Shinoda, Atsushi Tanaka, Tetsu Fukushima, Takafumi Dept. of Mechanical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Eng. Tohoku Univ. Sendai Japan Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Graduate School of Biomedical Eng. Dept. of Mechanical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Eng Tohoku Univ. Sendai Japan NICHe Dept. of Mechanical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Eng. Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Graduate School of Biomedical Eng Tohoku Univ. Sendai Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516505

In conventional processes, multichip thinning is performed after wafer-level compression molding using an epoxy mold compound (EMC). This study explores an alternative approach where multiple 300-μm-thick chips are temporarily bonded to a glass carrier using temporary adhesives and then thinned down to 50 μm from the backside without using EMC. This method investigates the impact of these temporary adhesives' thermomechanical properties and physical structure on the thinning process and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) for via-last TSV (Through-Silicon Via) formation. This approach is particularly relevant for achieving a short turn-around time (TAT) in fabricating 3D-ICs from 2D-ICs produced through TSMC foundry shuttle services. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of temporary adhesives, particularly using a partially cured photosensitive polyimide (PSPI). The polymer is thermally stable and can be debonded using laser processing and chemical treatment after TSV formation. This PSPI significantly reduces die shift and void formation, optimizing thinning properties for 3D-IC fabrication. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Compression molding

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Conjunction of Bioelectrical Impedance Spectroscopy with Archie’s Law to Characterize Scaffolds Porosity 9th

Conjunction of Bioelectrical Impedance Spectroscopy with Arc...

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9th Latin American Congress on biomedical engineering, CLAIB 2022 and 28th Brazilian Congress on biomedical engineering, CBEB 2022

作者： Barbosa, Carlos Vinicius Nascimento de Souza, Marcio Nogueira Pino, Alexandre Visintainer COPPE/UFRJ/Biomedical Engineering Program Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031494000

Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary field that uses two and three dimensional structures called scaffolds to create a physical support for growth, gas change and nutrition of the cell. Those scaffolds can be synthetic, biological or a combination of both types of material, but the porosity, the interconnectivity of pores and pore size are among the most important physical parameters of the scaffolds. The estimation of these characteristics is still a challenge in Tissue engineering, as it involves techniques and methods that need to be non-toxic and non-destructive, and that must operate in structures with dimensions of the order of micrometers (µm). The bioimpedance spectroscopy (bis) technique has been reported as a potential non-invasive monitoring of scaffold porosity and biological tissue growth. This work aims to study how bioimpedance spectroscopy in conjunction with Archiés law data can be used to characterize the porosity and pore connectivity of 3D cellular structures. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Pore size

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Impact of elastin-collagen fiber connections on failure positions in aortic tissues: Experimental and simulation analysis

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Journal of Biorheology 2024年第2期38卷 47-54页

作者： Sugita, Shukei Okada, Seisuke Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan Center of Biomedical Physics and Information Technology Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan

Aortic aneurysms, characterized by local dilation of the aorta, often lead to catastrophic ruptures. Although aneurysm size is a well-established risk factor, smaller aneurysms can also rupture, indicating unclear rupture mecha-nisms. This study aims to elucidate the role of elastin-collagen fiber connections in failure positions within the aortic wall. Using porcine thoracic aorta samples, uniaxial tensile tests under a multiphoton microscope were conducted to capture images of elastin and collagen fibers. Potential connection points were identified by tracking fiber displacements. Simulation models—unconnected, connected, and partially connected fibers—were developed to analyze the impact of these connections on stress and failure positions. Results showed that up to 10% of crossing points were possibly connected;however, these connections had minimal effects on deformation, stress, and failure positions in collagen fibers, although they influenced stress in elastin fibers. This study confirms that elastin and collagen fiber connections do not significantly affect the initiation sites of aortic rupture. This work advances the understanding of aortic rupture mechanisms, highlighting the complexity of fiber interactions within the arterial wall. © Japanese Society of Biorheology 2024.

关键词： Tensile testing

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Utilizing Machine Learning Predictive Analytics to Enhance Early Sepsis Diagnosis in Critical Care Setting 9

Utilizing Machine Learning Predictive Analytics to Enhance E...

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9th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Big Data, Cloud Computing, and Data Science, BCD 2024

作者： Daothong, Paron Jampa-Ngern, Sira Senavongse, Wongwit The Graduate School Srinakharinwirot University Department of Biomedical Engineering Nakhon Nayok Thailand Srinakharinwirot University Faculty of Engineeringl Department of Biomedical Engineering Nakhon Nayok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394191

Sepsis remains a critical medical challenge worldwide, with millions of cases and fatalities annually, particularly affecting vulnerable populations like children. The evolving understanding of sepsis has led to refinements in diagnostic criteria, including the introduction of novel metrics like qSOFA. Despite advancements, early diagnosis remains pivotal for improved outcomes. This study leverages electronic medical records (EMR) and machine learning to propose a predictive model for early sepsis diagnosis in critical care patients. Using the eICU Collaborative Research Database, the dataset comprising vital signs was preprocessed and balanced. Various machine learning algorithms, including deep learning models, were evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation. Performance metrics are AUROC, accuracy, F1 score, and Brier score were computed to assess model effectiveness. XGBoost emerged as the top-performing algorithm, exhibiting superior performance across metrics compared to other models with AUROC = 0.78, Accuracy = 80, F1-Score = 72, Brier-Score = 0.20. While demonstrating promising results, XGBoost exhibited higher false-positive rates, indicating the need for further refinement. Overall, the study underscores the potential of machine learning in early sepsis diagnosis, providing insights for future optimization and clinical application. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic health record

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The Edifice of Vasculature-On-Chips: A Focused Review on the Key Elements and Assembly of Angiogenesis Models

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ACS Biomaterials Science and engineering 2024年第6期10卷 3548-3567页

作者： Lim, Joshua Fang, Hsu-Wei Bupphathong, Sasinan Sung, Po-Chan Yeh, Chen-En Huang, Wei Lin, Chih-Hsin Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan High-value Biomaterials Research and Commercialization Center National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Zhunan35053 Taiwan School of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Department of Orthodontics Rutgers School of Dental Medicine NewarkNJ07103 United States

The conception of vascularized organ-on-a-chip models provides researchers with the ability to supply controlled biological and physical cues that simulate the in vivo dynamic microphysiological environment of native blood vessels. The intention of this niche research area is to improve our understanding of the role of the vasculature in health or disease progression in vitro by allowing researchers to monitor angiogenic responses and cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions in real time. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the essential elements, including cells, biomaterials, microenvironmental factors, microfluidic chip design, and standard validation procedures that currently govern angiogenesis-on-a-chip assemblies. In addition, we emphasize the importance of incorporating a microvasculature component into organ-on-chip devices in critical biomedical research areas, such as tissue engineering, drug discovery, and disease modeling. Ultimately, advances in this area of research could provide innovative solutions and a personalized approach to ongoing medical challenges. © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： Endothelial cells

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Point-of-care testing of Procalcitonin using lateral flow assay 46

Point-of-care testing of Procalcitonin using lateral flow as...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Deodhar, Jovita Rajesh Zhang, Chengchen Guo, Tianruo Xue, Ruier Shivdasani, Mohit N. Deng, Fei Unsw Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tyree Institute of Health Engineering SydneyNSW2052 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

This study presents a novel gold nano shells (GNS)-assisted paper-based lateral flow assay (LFA) for the detection of procalcitonin (PCT). PCT is a biomarker of infection, originating from the C cells of the thyroid gland and functioning as a precursor to the hormone calcitonin. Its concentration in the blood is known to increase in line with the progression of infectious diseases. Conventional techniques for assessing PCT levels in the blood encompass culture-based methods, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and electrochemical immunoassays. These methods are characterized by either prolonged processing times, high costs, or dependence on laboratory infrastructure. These limitations hinder their practical implementation in point-of-care settings. As a result, the development of a LFA for detecting PCT levels proves to be well-suited for point-of-care settings, serving as a valuable diagnostic tool for infectious diseases. This study focuses on comparing the efficacy of GNS and gold nanoparticle (GNP)-assisted lateral flow assays (LFA) to ascertain the lower limit of detection (LOD) for PCT and assess their overall reliability. Our findings indicate that GNS-assisted LFA achieved a lower LOD of 1 ng/mL, surpassing GNP, which exhibited a LOD of 5 ng/mL. Furthermore, outstanding specificity was demonstrated and clinical application capability in human serum was confirmed, reinforcing its efficacy as a reliable *** Relevance - GNS-assisted LFA provides a simple, rapid, and cost-effective method for detecting PCT levels from clinical samples © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Gold nanoparticles

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Overcoming Cytosolic Delivery Barriers of Proteins Using Denatured Protein-Conjugated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles

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ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 2023年第1期15卷 432-451页

作者： Dembélé, Julien Liao, Jou-Hsuan Liu, Tsang-Pai Chen, Yi-Ping Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Laboratory of Toxicology Environment and Health Doctorate School of Health University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouaga03 BP 7021 Burkina Faso Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Surgery Mackay Memorial Hospital Taipei10449 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan

Intracellular delivery of therapeutic proteins has increased advantages over current small-molecule drugs and gene therapies, especially in therapeutic efficacies for a broad spectrum of diseases. Hence, developing the protein therapeutics approach provides a needed alternative. Here, we designed a mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-mediated protein delivery approach and demonstrated effective intracellular delivery of the denatured superoxide dismutase (SOD) protein, overcoming the delivery challenges and achieving higher enzymatic activity than native SOD-conjugated MSNs. The denatured SOD-conjugated MSN delivery strategy provides benefits of reduced size and steric hindrance, increased protein flexibility without distorting its secondary structure, exposure of the cell-penetrating peptide transactivator of transcription for enhanced efficient delivery, and a change in the corona protein composition, enabling cytosolic delivery. After delivery, SOD displayed a specific activity around threefold higher than in our previous reports. Furthermore, the in vivo biosafety and therapeutic potential for neuron therapy were evaluated, demonstrating the biocompatibility and the effective antioxidant effect in Neuro-2a cells that protected neurite outgrowth from paraquat-induced reactive oxygen species attack. This study offers an opportunity to realize the druggable possibility of cytosolic proteins using MSNs. © 2022 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Peptides

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Enhanced Vascular-like Network Formation of Encapsulated HUVECs and ADSCs Coculture in Growth Factors Conjugated GelMA Hydrogels

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ACS Biomaterials Science and engineering 2024年第5期10卷 3306-3315页

作者： Bupphathong, Sasinan Lim, Joshua Fang, Hsu-Wei Tao, Hsuan-Ya Yeh, Chen-En Ku, Tian-An Huang, Wei Kuo, Ting-Yu Lin, Chih-Hsin Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei110 Taiwan High-Value Biomaterials Research and Commercialization Center National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Zhunan35053 Taiwan School of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei110 Taiwan Department of Orthodontics Rutgers School of Dental Medicine NewarkNJ07103 United States

Tissue engineering primarily aimed to alleviate the insufficiency of organ donations worldwide. Nonetheless, the survival of the engineered tissue is often compromised due to the complexity of the natural organ architectures, especially the vascular system inside the organ, which allows food-waste transfer. Thus, vascularization within the engineered tissue is of paramount importance. A critical aspect of this endeavor is the ability to replicate the intricacies of the extracellular matrix and promote the formation of functional vascular networks within engineered constructs. In this study, human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cocultured in different types of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA). In brief, pro-angiogenic signaling growth factors (GFs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), were conjugated onto GelMA via an EDC/NHS coupling reaction. The GelMA hydrogels conjugated with VEGF165 (GelMA@VEGF165) and bFGF (GelMA@bFGF) showed marginal changes in the chemical and physical characteristics of the GelMA hydrogels. Moreover, the conjugation of these growth factors demonstrated improved cell viability and cell proliferation within the hydrogel construct. Additionally, vascular-like network formation was observed predominantly on GelMA@GrowthFactor (GelMA@GF) hydrogels, particularly on GelMA@bFGF. This study suggests that growth factor-conjugated GelMA hydrogels would be a promising biomaterial for 3D vascular tissue engineering. © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： Hydrogels

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MmYOLOH-p: A Clinically-Oriented mmWave-Based Human Pose Estimation Tool for Unobtrusive Patient Monitoring 46

MmYOLOH-p: A Clinically-Oriented mmWave-Based Human Pose Est...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Williams, Jonathan Wang, Jimmy Stevens, Michael Lovell, Nigel Argha, Ahmadreza Unsw Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Sydney Australia Unsw School of Electrical Engineering Sydney Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Human pose estimation (HPE) identifies and locates keypoints on a person's body. Despite the effectiveness of various existing methods, there remains a gap in addressing specific requirements for real-world clinical applications of HPE. In this study, we propose mmYOLOH-p, a novel clinical-oriented HPE approach. Requirements for patient monitoring influenced our choice of sensing modality, data representation, and deep learning architecture. We used millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar because it is unobtrusive, privacy friendly and robust against poor lighting and weather conditions. A pre-processing pipeline was developed to generate 2D heatmap representations of radar data and ultimately overcome scalability issues related to sparse point cloud representations. Cross-modal adaptation of the YOLOv8-pose architecture was performed since it enables one-shot efficiency and can be extended to perform concurrent tasks, such as human activity recognition, while avoiding cascading latency. mmYOLOH-p outperformed HuPRNet, the current state of the art in heatmap-based HPE, in terms of total average precision (AP), per-joint AP, and inference time. The highest AP50, AP75, and AP50-95 scores achieved in the experimental evaluation were 99.1, 92.6, and 83.0 respectively. The results position mmYOLOH-p as a potentially viable solution for activity recognition and gait analysis. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Pipeline processing systems

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engineering Nano/Microscale Chiral Self‑Assembly in 3D Printed Constructs

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 313-332页

作者： Mohsen Esmaeili Ehsan Akbari Kyle George Gelareh Rezvan Nader Taheri‑Qazvini Monirosadat Sadati Department of Chemical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA TA Instruments Waters LLCNew CastleDE 19720USA Biomedical Engineering Program University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

Helical hierarchy found in biomolecules like cellulose,chitin,and collagen underpins the remarkable mechanical strength and vibrant colors observed in living *** study advances the integration of helical/chiral assembly and 3D printing technology,providing precise spatial control over chiral nano/microstructures of rod-shaped colloidal nanoparticles in intricate *** designed reactive chiral inks based on cellulose nanocrystal(CNC)suspensions and acrylamide monomers,enabling the chiral assembly at nano/microscale,beyond the resolution seen in printed *** employed a range of complementary techniques including Orthogonal Superposition rheometry and in situ rheo-optic measurements under steady shear rate *** techniques help us to understand the nature of the nonlinear flow behavior of the chiral inks,and directly probe the flow-induced microstructural dynamics and phase transitions at constant shear rates,as well as their post-flow ***,we analyzed the photo-curing process to identify key parameters affecting gelation kinetics and structural integrity of the printed object within the supporting *** insights into the interplay between the chiral inks self-assembly dynamics,3D printing flow kinematics and photopolymerization kinetics provide a roadmap to direct the out-of-equilibrium arrangement of CNC particles in the 3D printed filaments,ranging from uniform nematic to 3D concentric chiral structures with controlled pitch length,as well as random orientation of chiral *** biomimetic approach can pave the way for the creation of materials with superior mechanical properties or programable photonic responses that arise from 3D nano/microstructure and can be translated into larger scale 3D printed designs.

关键词： Directed chiral self-assembly Cellulose nanocrystals Bioinspired nanocomposite 3D printing Rheology

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