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Common-path digital holographic microscopy based on a volume holographic grating for quantitative phase imaging

Optics Express 2024年第5期32卷 7919-7930页

作者： Tsai, Chen-Ming Vyas, Sunil Luo, Yuan Institute of Medical Device and Imaging National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan Graduate School of Advanced Technology National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan YongLin Institute of Health National Taiwan University Taipei10087 Taiwan

Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is a powerful quantitative phase imaging (QPI) technique that is capable of recording sample’s phase information to enhance image contrast. In off-axis DHM, high-quality QPI images can be generated within a single recorded hologram, and the system stability can be enhanced by common-path configuration. Diffraction gratings are widely used components in common-path DHM systems;however, the presence of multiple diffraction beams leads to system power loss. Here, we propose and demonstrate implementation of a volume holographic grating (VHG) in common-path DHM, which provides single diffraction order. VHG in common-path DHM (i.e., VHG-DHM) helps in improving signal-to-noise ratio as compared to the conventional DHM. In addition, VHG, with inherently high angular selectivity, reduces image noise caused by stray light. With a simple fabrication process, it is convenient to utilize VHG to control the beam separation angle of DHM. Further, by using Bragg-matched wavelength degeneracy to avoid potential cell damaging effect in blue light, the VHG is designed for recording at a maximum sensitive wavelength of ∼488 nm, while our VHG-DHM is operated at the longer wavelength of red 632.8 nm for cell observation. Experimental results, measured by the VHG-DHM, show the measurement of target thickness ranging from 100 nm to 350 nm. In addition, stability of the system is quantitatively measured. High-contrast QPI images of human lung cancer cells are demonstrated. © 2024 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Diffraction gratings

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Physical and Biological Investigation of Injectable Thai Silk Fibroin/Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel Sustained-Releasing Dexamethasone

Physical and Biological Investigation of Injectable Thai Sil...

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biomedical engineering International Conference (BMEiCON)

作者： Thapakorn Pankoh Rath Itthipanichpong Juthamas Ratanavaraporn Biomedical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Biomedical Engineering Program Biomedical Engineering Research Center Biomaterial Engineering for Medical and Health Research Unit Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand

Failure of glaucoma surgery occurred due to fibrosis formation. To prevent fibrosis formation, an anti-inflammation agent, such as dexamethasone (DEX), was utilized to inhibit inflammation during the wound healing process, leading to fibrosis reduction. In the present study, DEX is loaded into an ultrasonication-induced silk fibroin/hyaluronic acid (SF/HA) hydrogel as a sustained-release drug delivery system. The SF/HA hydrogel can be fabricated using ultrasonic induction resulting to homogeneous gel within 1 day after incubation at 37°C. For injectability test, the results confirmed that the hydrogel could be easily injected through the 30-gauge needle, particularly for hydrogel containing less concentration and higher HA content. Furthermore, The SF/HA hydrogel showed non-swelling ability, released DEX up to 60% along 30 days of incubation in balanced salt solution, and non-cytotoxic to fibroblasts. However, these properties of the SF/HA hydrogels are independent of their concentrations and SF/HA ratios. As aforementioned, the ultrasonication-induced SF/HA hydrogel could be utilized as an injected carrier of DEX for incorporation with postoperative glaucoma surgery to reduce inflammation and fibrosis formation.

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Simulation of blood coagulation in venous air trap chamber by casein micelle formation

Transactions of Japanese Society for Medical and Biological ...

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Transactions of Japanese Society for Medical and Biological engineering 2021年第Proc期Annual 59卷 699-700页

作者： Makita, Hiroki Oku, Tomoko Yamauchi, Shinobu Motohashi, Yuka Sato, Toshio Graduate School of Engineering Toin University of Yokohama Yokohama Japan Department of Clinical Engineering Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Toin University of Yokohama Yokohama Japan

We are focusing on quantitative elucidation of the effects of three factors (blood inflow mode, chamber length, and filtration filter geometry), as a basis for proposal and design of an ideal venous air trap chamber geometry for prevention of blood coagulation. In the past, casein micelle formation to simulate blood coagulation in the venous air trap chamber has been induced by adding vinegar to heated bovine milk, with observation for casein micelles captured in a filtration filter accompanying a moderate increase in the blood circuit pressure. Blood coagulation could not be closely simulated in that way, however, because the cone-type filters of venous air trap chambers compared with other mesh-type filters are characterized by larger mesh openings through which the formed casein micelles are forced downstream. In the present study, we therefore investigated the use of sodium caseinate in the simulation. © 2021, Japan Soc. of Med. Electronics and Biol. engineering. All rights reserved.

关键词： Coagulation

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A Comparative Assessment of Evoked Compound Action Potentials Measured by Optrode and Conventional Bioamplifier Systems

A Comparative Assessment of Evoked Compound Action Potential...

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International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural engineering, CNE

作者： Reem M. Almasri Yuan Wei François Ladouceur Laura A. Poole-Warren Nigel H. Lovell Amr Al Abed Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering UNSW Sydney Australia School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications UNSW Sydney Australia Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering and with the Tyree Institute of Health Engineering (IHealthE) UNSW Sydney Australia

Reliable signal detection of biopotentials in excitable tissues has been one of the longest-standing challenges in neural and cardiac electrophysiology. While using standard electrodes and bioamplifiers provides insight into the cell activity with a high temporal resolution, electrical recording still suffers from several limitations that can hinder long-term operation and clinical translation. The recently developed liquid crystal optical-electrode or ‘optrode’ has exhibited powerful diagnostic potential for multiple applications by using light to passively sense biopotentials in a fluorophore-free manner. While it has been demonstrated that this optrode device can detect electrically evoked compound action potentials from rabbit sciatic nerves, the microvolt-level features within the response that represent different nerve fibers inside the sciatic nerve bundle have not been investigated. Herein, we report a detailed investigation of the optrode's recording performance by analyzing the conduction velocity of different detected nerve fibers. We show that the optrode can record various nerve fiber responses to electrical stimulation, including $\mathbf{A}\delta, \mathbf{B}$ , and C fibers as verified by comparison to measurements via a conventional bioamplifier. We found that there are some challenges encountered when recording nerve responses of low amplitudes $\boldsymbol{(< 300 \ \mu} \mathbf{V})$ or high conduction velocities $(> 30 \ \mathrm{m}/\mathrm{s})$ using the optrode due to its limited signal-to-noise ratio and bandwidth, highlighting the necessity for design improvement.

关键词： Nerve fibers Action potentials Electric variables measurement Bandwidth Electrical stimulation Compounds Standards

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Clinical Biomarkers to Evaluate Next Generation Inhaled Tobacco Products’ Effect in the Oral Cavity: a Narrative Review

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Current Oral Health Reports 2024年第1期11卷 30-39页

作者： Sarles, S. Emma Hensel, Edward C. Rahman, Irfan Robinson, Risa J. Biomedical and Chemical Engineering PhD Program Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester NY United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Respiratory Technologies Lab Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester NY United States Department of Environmental Medicine Rahman Lab University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY United States

Purpose of Review: Biomarkers in the oral cavity of users of next generation tobacco products, such as electronic cigarettes (EC), provide data about effects on oral and systemic health and help predict long-term health effects, such as cardiovascular, respiratory, and periodontal disease. Despite oral cavity health provides, translation of findings to regulatory outcomes around EC is lacking. A review of the current state of the art in use of clinical biomarkers of the oral cavity was conducted. This identified inconsistencies and gaps in tobacco regulatory science to address how to improve clinical studies for screening tobacco products and studying disease. Recent Findings: The review identified that saliva and buccal biopsies provide dependable biomarkers of oral and systemic health when several parameters of health are standardized and considered. Inflammatory cytokines in oral tissue and biofluids of EC users are conflicting due to differences in sample collection and analysis techniques. Salivary C-reactive protein levels provide information about systemic inflammation and risk of cardiovascular disease, but analysis of this biomarker in the oral cavity does not appear in the current literature. The oral microbiome plays a significant role in human health and may be a useful tool to study systemic effects of tobacco products non-invasively, yet inconsistencies in reporting metrics make studies difficult to compare or translate into tangible outcomes. Effects of tobacco product use on hard dental tissue are not widely investigated despite correlations observed between e-cigarette use and broken teeth. Summary: This review provides a comprehensive update on clinical biomarkers in systemic and oral diseases associated with emerging nicotine products. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Biomarkers Electronic cigarette Oral health Tobacco regulatory science Vaping

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Parameters Determination for Ill-Defined Edge Detection Using Particle Swarm Optimization

Parameters Determination for Ill-Defined Edge Detection Usin...

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2023 International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, Computers, and Communications, ITC-CSCC 2023

作者： Panwong, Pannawit Auephanwiriyakul, Sansanee Theera-Umpon, Nipon Chiang Mai University Faculty of Engineering Computer Engineering Department Chiang Mai Thailand Graduate School Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand Biomedical Engineering Institute Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350326413

Segmentation process is one of the preprocess steps in object detection. To achieve segmentation, edge detection is a possible choice. However, if there is noise in image, edge might be ill-defined. Our algorithm for ill-defined edge detection is enhanced in this paper. In particular, we utilized the particle swarm optimization (PSO) in finding optimal parameters in the algorithm, rather than using manual settings as in the original work. There are two data sets, i.e., synthetic and carpal bone data sets, used in the experiment. We found that the intersection over union (IOU) on the blind test data set of the synthetic data set is 0.9200\pm 0.0144. The result on the blind test carpal bone data set is 0.9228\pm 0.0592. For the carpal bone data set, we compare the result with that from the original algorithm. The result shows that the enhanced method performs better than the original one. However, there is still a problem in misleading edge direction because of gradient and edge map generation. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Swarm intelligence

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Femoral Antegrade Starting Tool (FAST) for intramedullary nailing

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Journal of Medical engineering and Technology 2022年第1期46卷 46-58页

作者： Ebrahimi, Hamid Saddlemyre, Justin Robert, Normand Burns, David Yee, Albert J. M. Tomescu, Sebastian Whyne, Cari M. Holland Bone and Joint Program Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Canada Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Canada Division of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Toronto Toronto Canada

Intramedullary (IM) nailing is the standard of care for adult lower extremity long bone fracture stabilisation. Key to this procedure is obtaining the correct entry point and trajectory for initial guide pin insertion. This work presents the Femoral Antegrade Starting Tool (FAST), a surgical tool that addresses the lack of connectivity in utilising sequential 2D fluoroscopic images to achieve 3D alignment of femoral guide pin placement. The user centred design and development of FAST is introduced and the performance of this device evaluated during guide pin insertion for femoral IM nailing in a series of sawbones and cadaveric models leading to a first in human clinical cohort study. The results demonstrated the potential of FAST to improve time and consistency of the guide pin insertion for femoral IM nailing for less experienced surgeons and trainees. Overall, FAST was found to be easy to use with a high degree of clinical interest (particularly for use in large patients) and acceptance motivating continued development of this new technology. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Data visualization

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Spatial characteristics of auditory spatial attention in a horizontal plane 24

Spatial characteristics of auditory spatial attention in a h...

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24th International Congress on Acoustics, ICA 2022

作者： Sakamoto, Shuichi Tomimatsu, Satoshi Kawase, Tetsuaki Research Institute of Electrical Communication Graduate School of Information Sciences Tohoku University Japan Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Japan

Humans can extract specific sounds from spatially distributed distractors. However, hearing impaired listeners experience challenges in this regard. Thus, it is important to apply the underlying mechanism of this effect to assistive hearing devices. One of the most important factors in this mechanism is auditory selective attention. This study investigated the characteristics of auditory selective attention in a spatial domain. During the experiment, four-mora word sequences uttered by a male speaker were presented by 12 circularly arranged loudspeakers. Furthermore, other four-mora words were uttered by a female speaker, replacing some of the four-mora words presented by the 12 loudspeakers randomly. The listeners were asked to direct their attention to one of the loudspeakers and respond by identifying whether the word uttered by the female speaker was the target word. The results revealed that the correct identification response rate was higher when the word uttered by the female speaker was presented from the direction of increased auditory attention. Moreover, the shape of the spatial window of auditory selective attention was broader in the sideways than in the frontal direction. These results can be used effectively to determine the shape of the spatial window in the speech enhancement algorithm. © ICA *** rights reserved

关键词： auditory scene analysis Auditory spatial attention cocktail party effect

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DViTPolyp: Small Polyp Detection in Colonoscopy Videos based on Deep Vision Transformer 4

DViTPolyp: Small Polyp Detection in Colonoscopy Videos based...

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4th IEEE International Conference on Electrical, Computer, and Energy Technologies, ICECET 2024

作者： Ma, Ming Xia, Likun Seo, Hyunseok Katz School of Science and Health Yeshiva University Dept. of Graduate Computer Science and Engineering New York United States College of Information Engineering Capital Normal University Beijing China Biomedical Research Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395914

Early detection of colorectal polyps and removal play a crucial role in the prevention of colon cancer. Computer-aided detection (CAD) methods can be employed to help endoscopists reduce the polyp miss-rates. Numerous automatic polyp detection methods have been explored. However, it is still challenging to automatically detect colon polyps in small size in colonoscopy videos. This paper presents a method termed DViTPolyp for detecting small colorectal polyp in colonoscopy videos. The proposed method leverages the power of the deep vision transformer as the detection head in the network to aggregate rich global features, and uses the re-attention mechanism to regenerate attention maps to capture the features from the backbone model and DViT block. Also, we propose to use a power regularized Intersection Over Union (IoU) as the loss function to further enhance the accuracy of detection. Experiments are conducted on a mix of several public polyp datasets. Comparative results show that our proposed method has a better performance than other methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： colonoscopy videos loss function polyp detection vision transformer

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Digitally-defined ultrathin transparent wireless sensor network for room-scale imperceptible ambient intelligence

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npj Flexible Electronics 2024年第1期8卷 869-878页

作者： Yunxia Jin Mengxia Yu Dat T.Nguyen Xin Yang Zhipeng Li Ze Xiong Chenhui Li Yuxin Liu Yong Lin Kong John S.Ho Institute for Health Innovation and Technology National University of SingaporeSingapore 117599Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 119276Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme National University of Singapore Graduate SchoolSingapore 119077Singapore The N.1 Institute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for Science Technology and ResearchSingapore 138634Singapore Department of Mechanical Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA

Wireless and battery-free radio-frequency(RF)sensors can be used to create physical spaces that ambiently sense and respond to human *** such sensors ultra-flexible and transparent is important to preserve the aesthetics of living environments,accommodate daily activities,and functionally integrate with ***,existing RF sensors are unable to simultaneously achieve high transparency,flexibility,and the electrical conductivity required for remote room-scale ***,we report 4.5μm RF tag sensors achieving transparency exceeding 90%that provide capabilities in room-scale ambient wireless *** develop a laser-assisted water-based adhesion-reversion process to digitally realize computer-aided RF design at *** individually tagging multiple objects and regions of the human body,we demonstrate multiplexed wireless tracking of humanenvironment interactions and physiological signals at a range of up to *** radio-frequency identification sensors open opportunities for non-intrusive wireless sensing of daily living spaces for applications in health monitoring and elderly care.

关键词： network ambient transparent

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