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Medical Imaging 2023: biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging

作者： Hong, Allen Carass, Aaron Zuo, Lianrui Prince, Jerry L. Alshareef, Ahmed Department of Biomedical Engineering The College of New Jersey EwingNJ08618 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience National Institute on Aging National Institutes of Health BaltimoreMD20892 United States Biomedical Engineering Program University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510660410

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a major health risk that increases with age. Natural brain aging results in cerebral atrophy and the enlargement of the ventricular regions. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of cerebral atrophy on brain biomechanics with subject-specific models to determine the risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Utilizing subjects from a longitudinal study of aging in healthy volunteers, we created subject-specific brain models of a small cohort with progressive age-related cerebral atrophy. We then simulate concussive loading conditions to study changes in brain deformation, a correlate to risk of TBI. The results display differing trends with increasing ventricle volume, with some subjects exhibiting increases and others showing decreasing strain. Additional subject simulations are needed to clarify these the causes of these trends. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： Health risks

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Temporary Adhesive Effect on Multichip Thinning for Rapid Prototyping of 3D-IC from 2D-IC Fabricated in Foundry Shuttle Services

Temporary Adhesive Effect on Multichip Thinning for Rapid Pr...

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IEEE International Conference on 3D System Integration, 3DIC

作者： Akihiro Tominaga Jiayi Shen Chang Liu Atsushi Shinoda Tetsu Tanaka Takafumi Fukushima Dept. of Mechanical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Eng. Tohoku Univ. Sendai Japan Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Graduate School of Biomedical Eng. Sendai Japan NICHe Sendai Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798331516505

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516512

In conventional processes, multichip thinning is performed after wafer-level compression molding using an epoxy mold compound (EMC). This study explores an alternative approach where multiple 300-µm-thick chips are temporarily bonded to a glass carrier using temporary adhesives and then thinned down to 50 µm from the backside without using EMC. This method investigates the impact of these temporary adhesives' thermomechanical properties and physical structure on the thinning process and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) for via-last TSV (Through-Silicon Via) formation. This approach is particularly relevant for achieving a short turn-around time (TAT) in fabricating 3D-ICs from 2D-ICs produced through TSMC foundry shuttle services. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of temporary adhesives, particularly using a partially cured photosensitive polyimide (PSPI). The polymer is thermally stable and can be debonded using laser processing and chemical treatment after TSV formation. This PSPI significantly reduces die shift and void formation, optimizing thinning properties for 3D-IC fabrication.

关键词： Fabrication Three-dimensional displays Thermomechanical processes System integration Electromagnetic compatibility Foundries Through-silicon vias Bonding Thermal stability Stress

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Lung Nodule Analysis in CT Images: Deep Learning for Segmentation and Measurement 24

Lung Nodule Analysis in CT Images: Deep Learning for Segment...

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8th International Conference on Medical and Health Informatics, ICMHI 2024

作者： Li, Ai-Hsien Adams Aruperes, Cristian Daniel Lai, Yen-Jun Chien, Ting-Ying Chiu, Yen-Ling Chan, Chien-Lung Division of Cardiology Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei TaiwanGraduate Program in Biomedical Informatics Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan TaiwanDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan TaiwanInnovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Information Management Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Graduate Institute of Medicine and Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan TaiwanGraduate Institute of Medicine Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan TaiwanDepartment of Medical Research Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei Taiwan Department of Radiology Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei Taiwan Department of Information Management Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716874

In the realm of research, the global health challenge posed by lung cancer remains pronounced, contributing substantially to annual cancer-related fatalities. The critical imperative lies in the early identification of pulmonary nodules, frequently indicative of impending lung cancer, to enhance patient outcomes and diminish mortality rates. Computed Tomography (CT) imaging stands out as a pivotal diagnostic instrument for the timely detection of these nodules. The swift proliferation of medical imaging data has underscored the pressing necessity for precise and efficient methodologies dedicated to nodule segmentation and measurement. These approaches are crucial in assisting radiologists in their diagnostic and clinical decision-making endeavors. In this study, we introduced a thorough method for analyzing lung nodules, leveraging dataset from Far Eastern Memorial Hospital (FEMH) comprising original CT images and manually annotated ground truth masks obtained with the assistance of radiologists at FEMH. This dataset is utilized for the segmentation of nodules. We employed advanced deep learning models, specifically the U-Net architecture, identified as the optimal model through our training process. We made substantial progress in nodule segmentation, attaining an Intersection over Union (IoU) score of 0.824 and a Dice Coefficient of 0.903 for the FEMH dataset. Furthermore, our performance improved when utilizing the merged dataset comprising FEMH and Luna16, yielding an IoU score of 0.862 and a Dice Coefficient of 0.926. Luna16 has been extensively utilized in numerous studies related to nodule detection and segmentation. In the next phase of the study, the best-performing model from our segmentation phase was utilized to predict nodule masks on the merged dataset. Subsequently, we measured the size of each predicted nodule by comparing it with the size ground truth mask in millimeters. In detail, this study achieved the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) at 0.

关键词： Computerized tomography

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Mammographic Breast Positioning Assessment via Deep Learning 1st

Mammographic Breast Positioning Assessment via Deep Learnin...

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1st Deep Breast Workshop on AI and Imaging for Diagnostic and Treatment Challenges in Breast Care, Deep-Breath 2024

作者： Tanyel, Toygar Denizoglu, Nurper Seker, Mustafa Ege Alis, Deniz Cerekci, Esma Karaarslan, Ercan Aribal, Erkin Oksuz, Ilkay Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey Department of Radiology Acibadem Healthcare Group Istanbul Turkey Department of Radiology University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI United States Department of Radiology School of Medicine Acibadem University Istanbul Turkey Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Istanbul Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9783031777882

Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide, with mammography screening as the most effective method for the early detection. Ensuring proper positioning in mammography is critical, as poor positioning can lead to diagnostic errors, increased patient stress, and higher costs due to recalls. Despite advancements in deep learning (DL) for breast cancer diagnostics, limited focus has been given to evaluating mammography positioning. This paper introduces a novel DL methodology to quantitatively assess mammogram positioning quality, specifically in mediolateral oblique (MLO) views using attention and coordinate convolution modules. Our method identifies key anatomical landmarks, such as the nipple and pectoralis muscle, and automatically draws a posterior nipple line (PNL), offering robust and inherently explainable alternative to well-known classification and regression-based approaches. We compare the performance of proposed methodology with various regression and classification-based models. The CoordAtt UNet model achieved the highest accuracy of 88.63% ± 2.84 and specificity of 90.25% ± 4.04, along with a noteworthy sensitivity of 86.04% ± 3.41. In landmark detection, the same model also recorded the lowest mean errors in key anatomical points and the smallest angular error of 2.42∘. Our results indicate that models incorporating attention mechanisms and CoordConv module increase the accuracy in classifying breast positioning quality and detecting anatomical landmarks. Furthermore, we make the labels and source codes available to the community to initiate an open research area for mammography, accessible at https://***/tanyelai/deep-breast-positioning. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Diseases

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Enhanced electrocatalytic activities in TiO_(2)-sulfur nanoparticles decorated graphene nanocomposite electrode for detecting formaldehyde compound

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2025年第4期80卷 213-219页

作者： Maulidiyah Maulidiyah Muhammad Nurdin WD Syafitri Salsabila Suryani Dyah Astuti Thamrin Azis La Ode Muhammad Zuhdi Mulkiyan La Ode Agus Salim Akrajas Ali Umar Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversitas Halu OleoKendari 93232Southeast SulawesiIndonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Kendari 93121 Southeast SulawesiIndonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Sulawesi TenggaraKendari 93121Southeast SulawesiIndonesia Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of PhysicFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya 61115Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and TechnologyInstitut Sains Teknologi dan Kesehatan(ISTEK)Aisyiyah KendariKendari 93116Southeast SulawesiIndonesia Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics University Malaysian nationalityUKMBangi 43600SelangorMalaysia

The unique properties of TiO_(2)-sulfur(TiO_(2)-S)modified graphene nanocomposite electrode(GPE/TiO_(2)-S)in the electrochemical sensing of formaldehyde compound has been *** prepared TiO_(2)-S by hydrothermal method and modified the graphene nanocomposite electrode by applying electrochemical cyclic voltammetry(CV)*** TiO_(2)-S nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),while the GPE/TiO_(2)-S was examined by scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)and X-Ray fluorosense(XRF)***_(2)-S has a grain size of 19.32 *** surface morphology of the GPE/TiO_(2)-S nanocomposite shows a good,intact,and tightly porous structure with TiO_(2)-S covers the graphene *** content of optimized GPE/TiO_(2)-S electrodes is 41.5%of graphene,37.8%of TiO_(2),and 12.4%of sulfur that was prepared by mixing 1 g of TiO_(2)-S with 0.5 g of graphene and 0.3 mL *** GPE/TiO_(2)-S electrode produces a high anodic current(I_(pa))of 800μA and a high cathodic current(I_(pc))of-600μA at a scan rate of 0.1 V·s^(-1)using an electrolyte0.01 mol·L^(-1)K_3[Fe(CN)_6]solution containing 150 mg·L^(-1)*** limit of detection can reach as low as 9.7 mg·L^(-1)with stability with Horwitz ratio value as low as *** composite electrode also exhibits excellent slectivity properties by showing clear formaldehyde sugnal in the presence of high concentration of interfering ***/TiO_(2)-S electrode should find potential application of formaldehyde detection in food industries.

关键词： Food safety Formaldehyde Voltammetry Graphene TiO_(2)-S

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IMPEDIMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF 3D ANGIOGENIC PROCESS 25

IMPEDIMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF 3D ANGIOGENIC PROCESS

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25th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2021

作者： Huang, Chun-Hao Lei, Kin Fong PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Chang Gung University Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering Chang Gung University Taiwan Department of Radiation Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781733419031

In this research, a microfluidic biochip for impedance measurement was developed to explore the angiogenesis ability affected by VEGF in a 3D microenvironment. The process of angiogenesis and invasion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) is studied by using microfluidic technology and bio colloids (Matrigel) to construct a 3D biological barrier. During angiogenesis affected by different concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the impedance changes and time points were recorded to analyze the angiogenesis ability. The results showed that the impedance measurement can quantify the angiogenesis ability in the microfluidic biochip in real-time. © 2021 MicroTAS 2021 - 25th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Microfluidics

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Effects of EEG Electrode Numbers on Deep Learning-Based Source Imaging 16th

Effects of EEG Electrode Numbers on Deep Learning-Based Sour...

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16th International Conference on Brain Informatics, BI 2023

作者： Rong, Jesse Sun, Rui Guo, Yuxin He, Bin Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Neural Computation Program Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031430749

Electrophysiological source imaging (ESI) allows spatio-temporal imaging of brain activity and functional connectivity with high density EEG. The relationship between the performance of ESI methods and the number of scalp EEG electrodes has been a topic of ongoing investigation. Research has shown that high-density EEG is necessary for obtaining accurate and reliable ESI results using conventional ESI solutions, limiting their applications when only low-density EEG is available. In recent years, deep learning-based ESI methods have demonstrated strong performance by learning spatiotemporal patterns of brain activities directly from data. In this work, we examined the effect of the EEG electrode numbers on a recently proposed Deep Learning-based Source Imaging Framework (DeepSIF). We evaluated the ESI performance with 16, 21, 32, 64, and 75 channel EEG configurations using DeepSIF and conventional ESI methods in computer simulations. Our findings suggest that DeepSIF can provide accurate estimations of the source location and extent across various numbers of channels and noise levels, outperforming conventional methods, which indicates its merits for wide applications of ESI, especially for centers/labs without high density EEG devices. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Foot hemodynamics using optical tomography: A potential biomarker of peripheral arterial disease

Foot hemodynamics using optical tomography: A potential biom...

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2023 Advances in Science and engineering Technology International Conferences, ASET 2023

作者： Al Abdi, Rabah M. Zakaria, Amer Al Nashash, Hasan Zalak, Tasnim Goswami, Nandu Jeet, Vishwa Jordan Univ. of Science and Tech. Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Irbid Jordan American University of Sharjah Dept. of Electrical Engineering Sharjah United Arab Emirates American University of Sharjah Master of Science in Biomedical Engineering Program Sharjah United Arab Emirates College of Medicine Mohammed Bin Rashed University of Medicine and Health Sciences Dubai United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781665454742

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the narrowing of the arteries within the lower extremities, which inhibits blood flow to the foot. We present the use of dynamic diffuse optical tomography (DDOT) system to measure blood flow in the foot during venous and arterial occlusions. DDOT is a non-ionizing, contrast-free, and fast imaging modality. The DDOT system consists of 4 sensors, each containing four laser diodes (at wavelengths of 670, 780, 808, and 850 nm) and two silicon photodiodes. We examined 11 healthy subjects with a protocol consisting of five consecutive measurements. Biomarkers were extracted from changes in hemoglobin concentrations during the measurements. The results from a pilot study are presented in this report. The average increase in total hemoglobin was 17.2 ±5.8 μ M during a measurement with 60 mmHg occlusion and 10.4 ± 6.7 μ M during a measurement with 180 mmHg occlusion. The biomarkers can quantify blood perfusion and oxygen consumption in the foot, and they have the potential to detect and monitor PAD. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Hemodynamics

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Validation of a platinum bioelectrode model for preclinical electrical and biological performance evaluation*

Validation of a platinum bioelectrode model for preclinical ...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： D. D Shah P. M. Garcia U. A. Aregueta Robles L. A. Poole-Warren Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney Australia Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering and Tyree Foundation Institute of Health Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney Australia

High throughput testing of clinically representative Pt electrodes requires an inexpensive, efficient method of production. The aim of this study was to develop a facile platinum (Pt) model electrode (PME) and assess its production process, stability, and reproducibility. In this study a new model electrode was developed using representative substrates and dimensions as state-of-the-art electrode arrays used for neural stimulation. It was found that the PME is a highly reproducible robust system with similar electrochemical performance but with lower variability than other neural prosthetic *** Relevance— As an estimate these novel model electrodes cost 300 times less than a cochlear implant, can be manufactured in a tenth of the time and with a less than 10% failure rate. It is expected that model electrodes with low variability of electrical properties will significantly improve preclinical validation testing of electrochemical stimulation, surface modifications, and coatings.

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Development of a 7-DOF Electric Shoulder Prosthesis Using a Return-routing Coupled Tendondriven Mechanism 4

Development of a 7-DOF Electric Shoulder Prosthesis Using a ...

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4th IEEE Global Conference on Life Sciences and Technologies, LifeTech 2022

作者： Nakamura, Yuko Jiang, Yinlai Yokoi, Hiroshi Togo, Shunta The University of Electro-Communications Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering Department of Mechanical and Intelligent System Engineering Tokyo Japan The University of Electro-Communications Center for Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665419048

An electric shoulder disarticulation prosthesis is effective in reconstructing upper limb function in a shoulder disarticulation amputee. Our research group has been developing a lightweight, high-power, and 7-DOF (Degrees of Freedom) humanoid robot arm with a modularized coupled tendon-driven mechanism. The shoulder module of the arm is supposed to be fixed to the base. Therefore, when the arm is applied as an electric shoulder disarticulation prosthesis, the shoulder width becomes about twice as wide as that of an ablebodied person, which makes it difficult to reconstruct the appearance and to wear. In this study, we proposed and fabricated a return-routing coupled tendon-driven mechanism and applied it to a 7-DOF electric shoulder disarticulation prosthesis. By using a return-routing tendon-driven mechanism, the shoulder width of the arm was successfully reduced by 53 mm compared to the previous model. A comparison experiment was also conducted with a bilateral shoulder disarticulation amputee. The proposed shoulder module reduced the shoulder width and well reconstructed the appearance. In addition, the moment around the shoulder was reduced, resulting in less shoulder socket slip. These results indicate that the proposed return-routing coupled tendon-driven mechanism can reduce the shoulder width of the arm, thereby enabling the design of a 7-DOF arm that can reconstruct the appearance and improve the wearing problem. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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