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Second harmonic generation signal imaging of the membrane damage due to electroporation

Journal of Biorheology 2023年第2期37卷 145-154页

作者： Nakamura, Masanori Takagi, Reiya Wada, Haruka Shinoda, Yuya Ujihara, Yoshihiro Sugita, Shukei Shigematsu, Taiki Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho Showa-ku Aichi Nagoya466-8555 Japan Center of Biomedical Physics and Information Technology Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho Showa-ku Nagoya Aichi 466-8555 Japan Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho Showaku Aichi Nagoya466-8555 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University 1 Machikaneyamacho Toyonaka560-8531 Japan

The lipid bilayer is the essential component of the cell membrane to provide some structural support for a cell and control transport of materials entering and exiting the cell. Since it has a centrosymmetric structure, the second harmonic generation (SHG) signal can hardly be observed from the membrane. Adding a dye to the lipid molecules in outside layer makes the lipid bilayer non-centrosymmetric and enables it to generate observable SHG signals. Physical disturbances of the membrane would lead to reallocation and transmembrane migration of molecules including dyes, thereby making the lipid layer structure homogeneous and centrosymmetric and consequently diminishing the SHG signal. If so, a change in the membrane structure could be imaged based on the SHG signal intensity. The present study therefore aims to seek for a feasibility of imaging the membrane damage via SHG signal measurement. More-over, the present study investigates how the SHG signal change varies depending on the frequency of electric stimulations that are used as a damage source. Liposomes were used as a cell membrane model. The SHG signal intensity of liposomes loaded with the SHG-specific dye, Ap3, during electric stimulations was observed using a multiphoton microscope. The results demonstrated that the SHG signal intensity of the membrane decreased with the repetitive application of the electric pulse. While the SHG signal decay was faster as the time interval between consecutive electric pulses was shorter, no remarkable decay was found for longer time intervals. The trend was explained by membrane healing or pore resealing during a time interval between consecutive electric pulses which prevented trans-membrane migration of Ap3. The results suggested that the membrane structure change could be imaged based on the SHG signal measurement. © 2023, Japanese Society of Biorheology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Harmonic generation

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Advanced YOLOv7-Based Detection and Enumeration of Teeth and Restorations in Panoramic X-Rays

Advanced YOLOv7-Based Detection and Enumeration of Teeth and...

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International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC)

作者： MD. Anas Ali Daisuke Fujita Syoji Kobashi Department of biomedical engineering Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore Bangladesh Graduate School of Engineering University of Hyogo Himeji Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798331528041

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528058

Dental radiography plays a crucial role in oral health assessment, aiding dentists in diagnosis and treatment planning. This study introduces an automated method for enumerating teeth, implants, and pontics of dental bridges in panoramic dental X-rays using the YOLOv7 network. The method detects these elements and employs an innovative optimization and dental bridge segmentation algorithm for accurately enumerating teeth and restorations. In this study, we analyzed 1000 panoramic dental X-ray images, including 450 with dental bridges and 64 with implants. For evaluation, 200 images were selected, revealing a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 98.15% for tooth and restoration detection, with overall precision of 0.9774 and overall recall of 0.9803 for enumeration, demonstrating practical utility of the proposed method in clinical dentistry.

关键词： Bridges Image segmentation Teeth Implants X-rays Streaming media Dentistry Image restoration Planning Optimization

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Development of a Smart Textile-Driven Soft Spine Exosuit for Lifting Tasks in Industrial Applications

Development of a Smart Textile-Driven Soft Spine Exosuit for...

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IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration

作者： Kefan Zhu Bibhu Sharma Phuoc Thien Phan James Davies Mai Thanh Thai Trung Thien Hoang Chi Cong Nguyen Adrienne Ji Emanuele Nicotra Nigel H. Lovell Thanh Nho Do Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering UNSW Sydney NSW Australia College of Engineering and Computer Science VinUniversity Hanoi Viet Nam

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are often caused by repetitive lifting, making them a significant concern in occupational health. Although wearable assist devices have become the norm for mitigating the risk of back pain, most spinal assist devices still possess a partially rigid structure that impacts the user's comfort and flexibility. This paper addresses this issue by presenting a smart textile-actuated spine assistance robotic exosuit (SARE), which can conform to the back seamlessly without impeding the user's movement and is incredibly lightweight. The SARE can assist the human erector spinae to complete any action with virtually infinite degrees of freedom. To detect the strain on the spine and to control the smart textile automatically, a soft knitting sensor which utilizes fluid pressure as sensing element is used. The new device is validated experimentally with human subjects where it reduces peak electromyography (EMG) signals of lumbar erector spinae by $32\%\pm 15\%$ in loaded and $22\%\pm 8.2\%$ in unloaded conditions. Moreover, the integrated EMG decreased by $24.2\%\pm 13.6\%$ under loaded condition and $22.6\%\pm 9\%$ under unloaded condition. In summary, the artificial muscle wearable device represents an anatomical solution to reduce the risk of muscle strain, metabolic energy cost and back pain associated with repetitive lifting tasks.

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Emerging Potential on Laser Engraving Method in Fabricating Mold for Microfluidic Technology 1

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2nd International Conference on Electronics, biomedical engineering, and Health Informatics, ICEBEHI 2021

作者： Yusro, Muhammad Biomedical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Telecommunication and Electrical Engineering Institut Teknologi Telkom Purwokerto Jalan D.I. Panjaitan 128 Purwokerto Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9789811918049

ISBN: (纸本)9789811918032

The microfluidic device needs multi-step fabrication, and this process relatively takes time because it requires meticulous treatment. This approach, using laser engraving, reduces the conventional mold fabrication step which is created by soft lithography in the cleanroom. For biomedical research purposes, a certain dimension of the microfluidic design needs to be achieved. Meanwhile, different material needs different variable setting in laser engraving. This article’s research objectives are seeking the optimum variable to achieve targeted dimension and investigating the influenced parameters lead to better understand the laser engraving fabrication process. The Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) sheets had been engraved to a particular dimension refers to the mold design that uses in the microfluidic device. The result showed that parameters meet the desired dimension found at values: 1000 for resolution, 95 for power, 500 for frequency, and 60 for speed. It can be noted that these adjusted parameters were performed for a single passage. Moreover, these influenced parameters also had been investigated to see their effect related to the engraving result. The result showed that the speed was the most significant parameter meanwhile the frequency has a stagnant value in the laser engraving process. This study also observed that higher resolution could smoother the rough surface. This study emerges the potential of laser engraving as rapid prototyping machinery for microfluidic technology. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Microfluidics

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Schwann cells acquire a repair phenotype after assembling into spheroids and show enhanced in vivo therapeutic potential for promoting peripheral nerve repair

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Bioengineering and Translational Medicine 2024年第2期9卷 e10635页

作者： Chen, Shih-Heng Wang, Hsin-Wen Yang, Pei-Ching Chen, Shih-Shien Ho, Chia-Hsin Yang, Pei-Ching Kao, Ying-Chi Liu, Shao-Wen Chiu, Han Lin, Yu-Jie Chuang, Er-Yuan Huang, Jen-Huang Kao, Huang-Kai Huang, Chieh-Cheng Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan School of Medicine College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Taipei Medical University–Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan

The prognosis for postinjury peripheral nerve regeneration remains suboptimal. Although transplantation of exogenous Schwann cells (SCs) has been considered a promising treatment to promote nerve repair, this strategy has been hampered in practice by the limited availability of SC sources and an insufficient postengraftment cell retention rate. In this study, to address these challenges, SCs were aggregated into spheroids before being delivered to an injured rat sciatic nerve. We found that the three-dimensional aggregation of SCs induced their acquisition of a repair phenotype, as indicated by enhanced levels of c-Jun expression/activation and decreased expression of myelin sheath protein. Furthermore, our in vitro results demonstrated the superior potential of the SC spheroid-derived secretome in promoting neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion neurons, enhancing the proliferation and migration of endogenous SCs, and recruiting macrophages. Moreover, transplantation of SC spheroids into rats after sciatic nerve transection effectively increased the postinjury nerve structure restoration and motor functional recovery rates, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of SC spheroids. In summary, transplantation of preassembled SC spheroids may hold great potential for enhancing the cell delivery efficiency and the resultant therapeutic outcome, thereby improving SC-based transplantation approaches for promoting peripheral nerve regeneration. © 2023 The Authors. Bioengineering & Translational Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Institute of Chemical Engineers.

关键词： Regenerative Medicine

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A Trilogy of AI Safety Frameworks: Paths from Facts and Knowledge Gaps to Reliable Predictions and New Knowledge

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kasif, Simon Department of Biomedical Engineering Program in Bioinformatics Department of Computer Science Boston University United States

AI Safety has become a vital front-line concern of many scientists within and outside the AI community. There are many immediate and long term anticipated risks that range from existential risk to human existence to deep fakes and bias in machine learning systems [1-5]. In this paper, we reduce the full scope and immense complexity of AI safety concerns to a trilogy of three important but tractable opportunities for advances that have the short-term potential to improve AI safety and reliability without reducing AI innovation in critical domains. In this perspective, we discuss this vision based on several case studies that already produced proofs of concept in critical ML applications in biomedical science. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

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Microwave dielectric and structural characteristics in Li2O-B2O3-SiO2 glass ceramics

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Ceramics International 2025年第16期51卷 22925-22931页

作者： Qiu, Jun-Yan Tu, Chi-Shun Huang, Szu-Ting Li, Yongxiang Chen, Pin-Yi Chen, Cheng-Sao Montecillo, Rhys Feng, Kuei-Chih International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Physics Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan School of Engineering RMIT University MelbourneVIC3000 Australia Research Center for Intelligent Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Hwa Hsia University of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan

Advancements in high-frequency communication devices have emphasized miniaturization and low energy consumption. This work focuses on developing microwave dielectric materials characterized by an ultra-low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss coefficient. In this study, B2O3 and Li2O were added into the SiO2 matrix to form the LBS glass-ceramics. The B2O3-added SiO2 shows a formation of α-cristobalite phase, and the Li2O additive in the B2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics sintered at 900 °C reveal a primary quartz phase with a secondary phase Li2Si2O5, that partially transformed into Li2SiO3 in the specimen sintered at 950 °C. The LBS12 (x = 12 wt%) show stronger Raman peaks of Li2Si2O5 and Li2SiO3, indicating increase of highly-crystallized Si-O network. As the quartz phase diminishes, Li2Si2O5 and Li2SiO3 begin to develop in the glass-ceramic matrix. Dense microstructures and well-formed crystalline grains were observed in the LBS glass-ceramics. The quality factors were primarily affected by grain size and density. The Li2Si2O5 additive in the LBS glass-ceramics can reduce dielectric permittivity (Εr) and increase Q × f, particularly at higher frequencies. A low Εr of 4.7–5, a high Q × f of 2600 GHz, and a hardness of 249 MHV were achieved in the LBS12 sintered at 900 °C. These LBS glass-ceramics exhibit potential for use in low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) applications in high-frequency communication devices. © 2025

关键词： Sintering

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Development of a Peak-to-Charge-Discrimination-based Depth-of-Interaction detector for the Positron emission tomography

Development of a Peak-to-Charge-Discrimination-based Depth-o...

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2022 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference, and Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Conference, IEEE NSS MIC RTSD 2022

作者： Miyata, Kento Ishikawa, Masayori Hokkaido University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering Sapporo Japan Hokkaido University Faculty of Health Sciences Sapporo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665488723

We develop the data acquisition system using the pulse shape discrimination named the Peak-to-Charge discrimination (PQD) method for the DOI-PET. The detector consists of the 4-layered 2.5 mm × 2.5 mm ×6 mm Gd2SiO5 (GSO) with a Ce concentration of 0.5 mol % and 1.5 mol % crystals coupled to the position-sensitive photomultiplier tube (PS-PMT, R-8900-00-C12, Hamamatsu). A Cosmo-Z board (TokushuDensiKairo Inc.) having the 8ch ADC connected with a Zynq-7000 SoC (Xilinx, Inc.) is used as the DAQ board. We program the Zynq-7000 SoC on Cosmo-Z as the DOI detector to decode the ADC outputs, applies low-pass-filter by a finite impulse response (FIR) filter to reduce noise, trigger pulses, extract coincidence events, apply PQD, and send them to the back-end PC. The PQD method identifies the crystal interacted with gamma-rays using the Vp/Q value which is the peak voltage (Vp) divided by the charge (Q) of waveforms. The GUI software running on the back-end PC decodes the received data and visualizes them. The typical detector performance evaluation study shows energy resolution, DOI error ratio of layer 1, 2, 3, and 4 are around ~2.6%, ~1.3%, ~7.7%, and ~6.6%, respectively. It might be possible to improve its DOI resolution by the optimized crystal configuration and combination with other DOI discrimination methods like light-sharing. © 2022 IEEE.

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Analysis of Brain Excitability After Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Brain-Computer Interface Based on Motor Imagery on a Post-stroke Patient 9th

Analysis of Brain Excitability After Transcranial Direct Cu...

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9th Latin American Congress on biomedical engineering, CLAIB 2022 and 28th Brazilian Congress on biomedical engineering, CBEB 2022

作者： Silva, Leticia Lima, Jéssica Schreider, Sheila Delisle-Rodriguez, Denis Krishnan, Sridhar Bastos-Filho, Teodiano Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo Vitoria Brazil Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo Vitoria Brazil Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neurosciences Instituto Santos Dumont Macaiba Brazil Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783031494062

Stroke is a neurological syndrome that may cause severe cognitive and motor impairments for survival. Alternative rehabilitation techniques have been developed to recover lower-limb movements and gait of post-stroke patients, such as Motor Imagery (MI)-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs), Virtual Reality (VR), and robotic devices. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive technique to stimulate the brain and modulate cortical excitability. This study aims to analyze the short-term effects of tDCS compared to sham stimulation before a lower-limb MI-BCI pedaling training (through a robotic monocycle) task in a patient with subacute stroke. We studied a post-stroke patient with 2 months of ischemic stroke and right hemiparesis who was submitted to the following tasks: active pedaling, sham tDCS and MI-BCI, and tDCS and MI-BCI. We evaluated the relative power around the foot area (Cz electrode), and a significant (p-value © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Brain computer interface

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A Feasibility Study of Gait Change Detection Using LSTM Based on Inertial Sensor Measurements under Fixed Step Widths 6

A Feasibility Study of Gait Change Detection Using LSTM Base...

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6th International Conference on Intelligent Informatics and biomedical Sciences, ICIIBMS 2021

作者： Katayama, Kento Watanabe, Takashi Graduate School of Engineering Sendai Japan Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728167145

In order to forecast occurrence of fall, gait change detection would be effective. In this study, gait change detection using a neural network model based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) was examined under different fixed step widths. The neural network was trained with the gait data before changing step width measured with a single inertial sensor in order to predict the value of the next time step, at each time step of the input data. That is, this method does not require the data after gait change in the training of LSTM model, and gait change is detected by forecast error of inertial sensor signals by the trained LSTM. In this paper, evaluation of the forecast error based on stride was tested for the gait change detection. The method using LSTM model trained only by current gait data and stride based evaluation of the forecast of input signals by the LSTM model was suggested to be useful for gait change detection. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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