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Chronic Anemia Is Associated with Lower Cerebral and Peripheral Arterio-Venous Oxygen Gradients

BLOOD 2017年 130卷 3542-3542页

作者： Vu, Chau Bush, Adam Choi, Soyoung Miao, Xin Coates, Thomas D. Wood, John C. Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA Stanford University Palo CA Neurosciences Program University of Southern California Los Angeles CA Hematology/Oncology Children's Hospital Los Angeles Los Angeles CA Cardiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles Los Angeles CA

Introduction: Patients with chronic anemia syndromes, such as thalassemia major and sickle cell disease, have premature white matter volume loss in characteristic watershed areas, suggesting ischemic damage. We have previously demonstrated that resting brain blood flow is increased in these patients, suggesting adequate oxygen delivery at rest. However, we postulate that increased blood flow velocity in the microvascular beds might not provide adequate time for oxygen exchange, leading to decreased arterio-venous oxygen gradients. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated peripheral (brachial) and cerebral arteriovenous oxygen gradients in 24 patients with chronic anemia syndromes and 45 control subjects. Methods: All patients were part of a larger study evaluating cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery in chronic anemia syndromes. For the present comparison, we excluded patients with sickle cell anemia because sickle cells have abnormal magnetic properties. Anemic subjects included 15 patients with thalassemia major, three patients with E-beta thalassemia, three patients with hemoglobin H-constant spring, two patients with hereditary spherocytosis, and one patient with dyserythropoetic anemia. 45 age matched healthy subjects were recruited from friends and family of the patient cohort. Peripheral oxygen saturation was measured by fingertip pulse oximetry. Brachial venous oxygen saturation was assessed by cooximetry (blood gas was drawn after tourniquet release). Sagittal sinus oxygen saturation was estimated using T2 Relaxation Under Spin Tagging (TRUST), a validated MRI technique for noninvasive oximetry in the brain. Results: Table 1 summarizes the oxygen saturation and arteriovenous oxygen gradients (AVO 2 differences) between the two populations. No difference was observed in arterial oxygen saturation, however both brachial and sagittal sinus saturations were significantly higher in anemic patients. AVO 2 gradients were markedly lower in anemic subjects, indicati

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SUN-109 RISK FACTORS FOR THE INITIATION OF DIALYSIS THERAPY IN MIDDLE AGE TO ELDERLY PEOPLE WITHIN THE JAPANESE HEALTH CHECK POPULATION: THE SHIZUOKA STUDY

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Kidney International Reports 2020年第3期5卷 S245-S246页

作者： K. Mori Y. Itou T. Yamamoto N. Mori M. Kotani Y. Sato Y. Tabara E. Nakatani Shizuoka General Hospital Department of Nephrology Shizuoka Japan University of Shizuoka Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shizuoka Japan Shizuoka General Hospital Research Support Center Shizuoka Japan Fujieda Municipal General Hospital Department of Nephrology Fujieda Japan Shizuoka General Hospital Center for Diabetes- Endocrinology and Metabolism Shizuoka Japan National Defense Medical College Research Institute Division of Biomedical Engineering Tokorozawa Japan Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Center for Genomic Medicine Kyoto Japan

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Appropriate feeding for early juvenile stages of eunicid polychaete Marphysa sanguinea

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Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2017年第1期20卷 1-9页

作者： Kim, Kyeong Hun Kim, Byoung Kwon Kim, Sung Kyun Phoo, War War Venmathi Maran, B.A. Kim, Chang-Hoon Pukyong National University Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering Busan 48513 South Korea Pukyong National University Department of Marine Bio-materials and Aquaculture Busan 48513 South Korea Pukyong National University Fisheries Science and Technology Centre Goseong-gun Gyeongsangnam-do 52957 South Korea

Survival rate (SR) and growth rate (GR) were tested with various feed sources to identify an appropriate feed to improve the productivity in the early life stage of the rock worm Marphysa sanguinea (Montagu, 1813) (Eunicidae: Polychaeta). In addition, feed supply rates were also examined. Three experiments were performed to identify the appropriate feed for the juvenile stages of M. sanguinea. Experiment 1 was done using seven different feed sources and without feed as well for the first 20days of M. sanguinea culture. Decapsulated Artemia and extruded pellet for shrimp were showed with high SR and GR in the experiment 1. Experiment 2 was performed with five different feed sources. Two feeds were selected from experiment 1 in addition to eel feed, mixed micro-algae, and benthic diatom. Four different quantities of each feed were supplied to 3000 individuals of early juvenile stage of M. sanguinea. High quantity of decapsulated Artemia and shrimp feed resulted with a relatively good SR and GR. In experiment 3, we provided 20, 50, and 75mg of decapsulated Artemia and shrimp feed to 3000 individuals of M. sanguinea. Our results demonstrated that after 3months, decapsulated Artemia showed high survival rate and 75mg/3000 inds provided the best quantity of feed in the earlier life stage culture of M. sanguinea. © 2017 The Author(s).

关键词： Decapsulated Artemia Feed Feeding rate Marphysa sanguinea Polychaete

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Pterostilbene attenuates high glucose-induced oxidative injury in hippocampal neuronal cells by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2

Pterostilbene attenuates high glucose-induced oxidative inju...

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第十三届中国医师协会神经外科医师年会

作者： Yang Yang Chongxi Fan Bodong Wang Zhiqiang Ma Dongjin Wang Bing Gong Shouyin Di Shuai Jiang Yue Li Tian Li Zhi Yang Erping Luo Department of Biomedical Engineering The Fourth Military Medical University Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Department of Thoracic Surgery Tangdu HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical University Graduate Management Team The Fourth Military Medical University Department of Aerospace Medicine The Fourth Military Medical University

In the present study,neuroblastoma(SH-SY5 Y)cells were used to investigate the mechanisms mediating the potential protective effects of pterostilbene(PTE)against mitochondrial metabolic impairment and oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia for mimicking the diabetic *** glucose medium(100 mM)decreased cellular viability after 24 h incubation which was evidenced by:(i)reduced mitochondrial complex I and III activities;(ii)reduced mitochondrial cytochrome C;(iii)increased reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation;(iv)decreased mitochondrial membrane potential(ΔΨm);and(v)increased lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)***(2.5,5,and 10 μM for 24 h)was nontoxic and induced the nuclear transition of *** of PTE(2.5,5,and 10 μM for 2 h)displayed a dose-dependently neuroprotective effect,as indicated by significantly prevented high glucose-induced loss of cellular viability,generation of ROS,reduced mitochondrial complex I and III activities,reduced mitochondrial cytochrome C,decreased ΔΨm,and increased LDH ***,the levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2),heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)and glutathione S-transferase(GST)were elevated after PTE *** addition,the elevation of nuclear Nrf2 by PTE treatment(10 μM for 2 h)was abolished by Nrf2 ***,Nrf2 siRNA induced the opposite changes in mitochondrial complex I and III activities,mitochondrial cytochrome C,reactive species generation,ΔΨm,and ***,the present findings were the first to show that pterostilbene attenuated high glucose-induced central nervous system injury in vitro through the activation of Nrf2 signaling,displaying protective effects against mitochondrial dysfunction-derived oxidative stress.

关键词： High glucose Oxidative stress Pterostilbene Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling Neuroprotection

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Classification of Major Depressive Disorder Using Vertex-Wise Brain Sulcal Depth, Curvature, and Thickness with a Deep and a Shallow Learning Model

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Goya-Maldonado, Roberto Erwin-Grabner, Tracy Zeng, Ling-Li Ching, Christopher R.K. Aleman, Andre Amod, Alyssa R. Basgoze, Zeynep Benedetti, Francesco Besteher, Bianca Brosch, Katharina Bülow, Robin Colle, Romain Connolly, Colm G. Corruble, Emmanuelle Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste Cullen, Kathryn Dannlowski, Udo Davey, Christopher G. Dols, Annemiek Ernsting, Jan Evans, Jennifer W. Fisch, Lukas Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola Gonul, Ali Saffet Gotlib, Ian H. Grabe, Hans J. Groenewold, Nynke A. Grotegerd, Dominik Hahn, Tim Hamilton, J. Paul Han, Laura K.M. Harrison, Ben J. Ho, Tiffany C. Jahanshad, Neda Jamieson, Alec J. Karuk, Andriana Kircher, Tilo Klimes-Dougan, Bonnie Koopowitz, Sheri-Michelle Lancaster, Thomas Leenings, Ramona Li, Meng Linden, David E.J. MacMaster, Frank P. Mehler, David M.A. Meinert, Susanne Melloni, Elisa Mueller, Bryon A. Mwangi, Benson Nenadić, Igor Ojha, Amar Okamoto, Yasumasa Oudega, Mardien L. Penninx, Brenda W.J.H. Poletti, Sara Pomarol-Clotet, Edith Portella, Maria J. Pozzi, Elena Radua, Joaquim Rodríguez-Cano, Elena Sacchet, Matthew D. Salvador, Raymond Schrantee, Anouk Sim, Kang Soares, Jair C. Solanes, Aleix Stein, Dan J. Stein, Frederike Stolicyn, Aleks Thomopoulos, Sophia I. Toenders, Yara J. Uyar-Demir, Aslihan Vieta, Eduard Vives-Gilabert, Yolanda Völzke, Henry Walter, Martin Whalley, Heather C. Whittle, Sarah Winter, Nils Wittfeld, Katharina Wright, Margaret J. Wu, Mon-Ju Yang, Tony T. Zarate, Carlos Veltman, Dick J. Schmaal, Lianne Thompson, Paul M. Georg-August University Göttingen Germany College of Intelligence Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Imaging Genetics Center Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Marina del ReyCA90274 United States Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health Neuroscience Institute University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science University of Minnesota Medical School MinneapolisMN United States Division of Neuroscience IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele Milano Italy Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Jena University Hospital Jena Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of Marburg Rudolf Bultmann Str. 8 Marburg35039 Germany Institute for Radiology and Neuroradiology University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany MOODS Team CESP INSERM U1018 Faculté de Médecine Univ Paris-Saclay Le Kremlin Bicêtre94275 France Service Hospitalo Universitaire de Psychiatrie de Bicêtre Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux deParis Hôpital de Bicêtre Le Kremlin BicêtreF-94275 France Department of Biomedical Sciences Florida State University TallahasseeFL United States Sorbonne University Paris Brain Institute - ICM CNRS Inria Inserm AP-HP Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière ParisF-75013 France Institute for Molecular Bioscience the University of Queensland St LuciaQLD Australia Institute for Translational Psychiatry University of Münster Münster Germany Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre Department of Psychiatry the University of Melbourne ParkvilleVIC Australia Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Am

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric disorder that affects the lives of hundreds of millions of individuals around the globe. Even today, researchers debate if morphological alterations in the brain are linked to MDD, likely due to the heterogeneity of this disorder. The application of deep learning tools to neuroimaging data, capable of capturing complex non-linear patterns, has the potential to provide diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for MDD. However, previous attempts to demarcate MDD patients and healthy controls (HC) based on segmented cortical features via linear machine learning approaches have reported low accuracies. In this study, we used globally representative data from the ENIGMA-MDD working group containing 7,012 participants from 30 sites (N=2,772 MDD and N=4,240 HC), which allows a comprehensive analysis with generalizable results. Based on the hypothesis that integration of vertex-wise cortical features can improve classification performance, we evaluated the classification of a DenseNet and a Support Vector Machine (SVM), with the expectation that the former would outperform the latter. As we analyzed a multi-site sample, we additionally applied the ComBat harmonization tool to remove potential nuisance effects of site. We found that both classifiers exhibited close to chance performance (balanced accuracy DenseNet: 51%;SVM: 53%), when estimated on unseen sites. Slightly higher classification performance (balanced accuracy DenseNet: 58%;SVM: 55%) was found when the cross-validation folds contained subjects from all sites, indicating site effect. In conclusion, the integration of vertex-wise morphometric features and the use of the non-linear classifier did not lead to the differentiability between MDD and HC. Our results support the notion that MDD classification on this combination of features and classifiers is unfeasible. Future studies are needed to determine whether more sophisticated integration of information from ot

关键词： Support vector machines

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Temperature changes in bone by therapeutic ultrasound: An experimental setup with phantoms and a bovine ex vivo sample

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Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2018年 61卷 e473-e474页

作者： Novaes, D.B. Santos, C.B. Lucena, E.S. Butterworth, E. Pereira, W.C.A. Machado, C.B. Estácio de Sá University Biomedical Ultrasound Laboratory Niterói Brazil Northumbria University Biomedical Sciences Newcastle United Kingdom Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Biomedical Engineering Program Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Introduction/Background Heat distribution in multilayered tissues after therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) stimulation has been investigated in the last decades. However, there are still some concerns regarding wave parameters, dosage and physiological responses, leading to the need for further research. The aim of this study was to assess temperature changes in bone samples and phantoms (mimicking materials) caused by TUS. Material and method It was used a sample of bovine ex vivo femur and two cortical bone phantoms (Sawbones® , USA): a 4-mm thick plate and a 5-mm thick cylinder put under a custom-made two-layered soft tissue phantom, and a TUS probe (1-MHz, intensity SATA of 1 W/cm2 , continuous or 50%-pulsed regimen) was used in contact with it, in a fixed or moving configuration, for a 5-minutes stimulation. A thermometer captured temperature values with two K-type thermocouples: one in the bone-soft tissue interface, and the other between the two soft tissue layers. Everything was inside a water bath at 36.5 °C and experiments were repeated five times. Wilcoxon tests ( P < 0.05) were used for statistical analysis. Results The Fig. 1 depicts boxplots representing the difference between minimum and maximum temperatures for the five experiments concerning both pulsed regimens and interfaces, for fixed (fix) and moving (mov) transducers. It can be observed that fixed transducer leads to a higher increase in temperature compared to moving transducer, mainly for the continuous mode. The 50%-pulsed regimen raised maximum temperatures to more than 40 °C. Some significant differences were observed ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Fixed transducer may be deleterious since it may lead to great temperature increases. Pulsed regimens seem to heat with less intensity compared with continuous applications. Heating by TUS on phantoms may differ from bone samples because of their different thermal constants and geometries.

关键词： Therapeutic ultrasound Bone Heat

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Highly accurate model for prediction of lung nodule malignancy with ct scans

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Causey, Jason Zhang, Junyu Ma, Shiqian Jiang, Bo Qualls, Jake Politte, David G. Prior, Fred Zhang, Shuzhong Huang, Xiuzhen Department of Computer Science Arkansas State University JonesboroAR72467 United States Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N.T. Hong Kong Research Center for Management Science and Data Analytics School of Information Management and Engineering Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Shanghai200433 China Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University St. LouisMO63110 United States Department of Biomedical Informatics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little RockAR72205 United States UALR/UAMS Joint Graduate Program in Bioinformatics Little RockAR72204 United States

Computed tomography (CT) examinations are commonly used to predict lung nodule malignancy in patients, which are shown to improve noninvasive early diagnosis of lung cancer. It remains challenging for computational approaches to achieve performance comparable to experienced radiologists. Here we present NoduleX, a systematic approach to predict lung nodule malignancy from CT data, based on deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNN). For training and validation, we analyze >1000 lung nodules in images from the LIDC/IDRI cohort. All nodules were identified and classified by four experienced thoracic radiologists who participated in the LIDC project. NoduleX achieves high accuracy for nodule malignancy classification, with an AUC of ~0.99. This is commensurate with the analysis of the dataset by experienced radiologists. Our approach, NoduleX, provides an effective framework for highly accurate nodule malignancy prediction with the model trained on a large patient population. Our results are replicable with software available at http://***/NoduleX. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forecasting

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Autophagy in the eye: from physiology to pathophysiology

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Autophagy Reports 2023年第1期2卷 2178996页

作者： Liton, Paloma B. Boesze-Battaglia, Kathleen Boulton, Michael E. Boya, Patricia Ferguson, Thomas A. Ganley, Ian G. Kauppinnen, Anu Laurie, Gordon W. Mizushima, Noboru Morishita, Hideaki Russo, Rossella Sadda, Jaya Shyam, Rajalekshmy Sinha, Debasish Thompson, Debra A. Zacks, David N. Departments of Ophthalmology & Pathology Duke School of Medicine Duke University Durham 27705 NC United States Department of Basic and Translational Sciences University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine Philadelphia 19104 PA United States Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Birmingham AL United States Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science. Faculty of Science and Medicine University of Fribourg Fribourg 1700 Switzerland Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis 63110 MO United States MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit School of Life Sciences University of Dundee Dundee DD1 5EH United Kingdom Faculty of Health and Sciences School of Pharmacy University of Eastern Finland Kuopio 70210 Finland Departments of Cell Biology Ophthalmology and Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville 22908 VA United States Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Department of Physiology Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8421 Japan Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology Glaucoma Unit Department of Pharmacy Health and Nutritional Sciences University of Calabria Rende 87036 Italy Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI United States School of Optometry Indiana University Bloomington 47405 IN United States Department of Ophthalmology Cell Biology and Developmental Biology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA United States Wilmer Eye Institute The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD United States

Autophagy is a catabolic self-degradative pathway that promotes the degradation and recycling of intracellular material through the lysosomal compartment. Although first believed to function in conditions of nutritional stress, autophagy is emerging as a critical cellular pathway, involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Autophagy dysregulation is associated with an increasing number of diseases, including ocular diseases. On one hand, mutations in autophagy-related genes have been linked to cataracts, glaucoma, and corneal dystrophy;on the other hand, alterations in autophagy and lysosomal pathways are a common finding in essentially all diseases of the eye. Moreover, LC3-associated phagocytosis, a form of non-canonical autophagy, is critical in promoting visual cycle function. This review collects the latest understanding of autophagy in the context of the eye. We will review and discuss the respective roles of autophagy in the physiology and/or pathophysiology of each of the ocular tissues, its diurnal/circadian variation, as well as its involvement in diseases of the eye. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： AMD autophagy cataracts cornea corneal dystrophy dry eye eye eye diseases glaucoma lens lysosomes outflow pathway photoreceptors retina retinal detachment retinal epithelial cells retinal ganglion cells retinitis pigmentosa RGC RPE trabecular meshwork vision cycle

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Visible light-induced antimicrobial activity of N-doped TiO2 on Ti substrates

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Clinical Oral Implants Research 2018年第S17期29卷

作者： Misato Iwatsu Toru Ogawa Takayuki Mokudai Hiroyasu Kanetaka Masakazu Kawashita Tomoaki Watanabe Keiichi Sasaki Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry Japan Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Japan Meiji University School of Science and Technology Japan

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Electrically evoked compound action potential recording in peripheral nerves

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Bioelectronics in Medicine 2017年第1期1卷 71-83页

作者： John L Parker Nastaran H Shariati Dean M Karantonis Saluda Medical Pty Ltd Artarmon New South Wales Australia Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South Wales Kensington New South Wales Australia

Applications for bioelectric medicine can be found in all parts of the nervous system. The CNS – brain and spinal cord – contain targets for commercial neuromodulation therapies. Peripheral nerves are also modulated with commercially available systems during treatment for chronic pain and epilepsy, and developments are in progress for treating many other diseases. The electrically evoked compound action potential is a measure of the electrical response from the tissue to stimulation. It provides a direct insight into the electrophysiology of the stimulation, and despite its incorporation into cochlear implants it is a technology that is yet to find its way into commercial peripheral nerve stimulation applications. This review outlines the status of evoked compound action potential measurements on peripheral nerves and highlights the challenges which need to be overcome.

关键词： action potential conduction velocity evoked compound peripheral nerve neuromodulation sciatic nerve vagal nerve

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