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2024 Novel Optical Materials and Applications, NOMA 2024

作者： Feng, Zihan Almasri, Reem Al Abed, Amr Ladouceur, François School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications UNSW Sydney Australia Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering UNSW Sydney Australia

This paper explores the quantification of liquid crystal alignment, crucial for optimising optoelectronic devices. By using image processing techniques, we facilitate the quantification of alignment thus facilitating ... 详细信息

关键词： Optoelectronic devices

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FOWLP-based Flexible Hybrid Electronics I: Photobiomodulation Device Fabrication on Hydrogel Substrate Using RDL-first Approach 12

FOWLP-based Flexible Hybrid Electronics I: Photobiomodulatio...

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12th IEEE CPMT Symposium Japan, ICSJ 2023

作者： Hoshi, Tadaaki Daichi, Nishiguchi Kino, Hisashi Tanaka, Tetsu Fukushima, Takafumi Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering & Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325157

This paper focuses on the fabrication of a PhotoBioModulation (PBM) device as a kind of flexible hybrid electronics (FHE) with a hydrogel substrate. PBM is a type of phototherapy using visible or near-infrared (NIR) light from LEDs or lasers. We propose an integrated PBM patch using RDL (redistribution layer)-first fan-out wafer-level packaging (FOWLP) with an array of embedded NIR mini-LEDs in the hydrogel as a substrate for chronic wound or bedsore healing. This paper characterizes the fan-out wirings formed on the hydrogel and describes multichip-to-wafer bonding with the mini-LEDs. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Hydrogels

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A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.Daeschler Katelyn J.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny Cheung Jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

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Estimation of Fractional Flow Reserve in Coronary Artery Based on Serial Intravascular Ultrasound Images

Estimation of Fractional Flow Reserve in Coronary Artery Bas...

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2023 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2023

作者： Saijo, Yoshifumi Orihara, Takashi Kanno, Naoya Yagami, Hiroyuki Ishii, Takuro Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Sendai Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350346459

Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is used to determine the indication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images were obtained with an IVUS system with the central frequency of 60-MHz using an automatic pull-back (0.5 mm/s) system. 1) Lumen of coronary artery was segmented by U-Net neural network to optimize the intersection over union (IoU) loss function. 2) The centroid of the segmented lumen was used to reconstruct 3D morphology of coronary artery. 3) Finally, computed fluid dynamics (CFD) was applied to the 3D morphology of coronary artery to visualize the pressure distribution in coronary artery. IVUS provides the mechanical properties of the vascular wall by elastography or palpography techniques. Because both the 3D geometry and the wall properties are obtainable with serial IVUS images, better CFD simulation would be available. This study showed that the principles of intracoronary blood flow and pressure drop estimation were possible from serial IVUS images. Clinical application of IVUS-based estimation of FFR is expected in the near future. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Role of pericytes in regulating penile angiogenesis and nerve regeneration

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2025年第1期27卷 13-19页

作者： Guo Nan Yin Ji-Kan Ryu National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology Inha University School of MedicineIncheon 22332Korea Program in Biomedical Scienceand Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Korea

Pericytes are multifunctional mural cells that surround the abluminal wall of endothelial cells and are associated with vascular development,vascular permeability,and ***,pericytes demonstrate stem cell-like properties and contribute to neuroinflammatory *** have been extensively studied in the central nervous ***,specific mechanisms underlying its involvement in various physiological and pathological conditions,especially in erectile dysfunction(ED),remain poorly *** in in vitro and in vitro techniques,such as single-cell RNA sequencing,are expanding our understanding of *** studies have shown that pericyte dysfunction is considered an important factor in the pathogenesis of vascular and neurological ***,this study aims to analyze the specific role of pericytes in ED,focusing on diabetic and neurogenic *** article provides a comprehensive review of research findings on PubMed from 2000 to 2023,concerning pericyte dysfunction in the process of ED,offering valuable insights,and suggesting directions for further research.

关键词： angiogenesis blood-brain barrier erectile dysfunction nerve regeneration pericyte stem cell

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Joint Coordination to Maintain Postural Balance Differs Between Preferred and Non-preferred Lower Limbs 9th

Joint Coordination to Maintain Postural Balance Differs Betw...

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9th Latin American Congress on biomedical engineering, CLAIB 2022 and 28th Brazilian Congress on biomedical engineering, CBEB 2022

作者： Rinaldin, C.D.P. Silva, V.A. Campos, D.P. Manffra, E.F. Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Graduate Program on Health Technology Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 Curitiba Brazil Federal University of Technology Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering Curitiba Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031494062

The maintenance of postural balance depends on coordinated actions between the joints on both sides of the body. Although biomechanical modeling studies assume symmetry between the sides of the body in the control of postural balance, it is known that lateral preference makes the lower limbs functionally asymmetric in people without neurological impairment. However, it remains inconclusive whether the coordination between joint and segmental angles to maintain balance differs between the lower limbs according to lateral preference. The study investigated the coordination of joint and segmental angles for preferred (right) and non-preferred (left) lower limb movement for static and dynamic tasks during a single-legged postural task. Eighteen healthy young adults in single-legged upright posture were evaluated. The angular variability was assessed by analyzing the first eight principal components. The cross-correlation analysis between the main components and the angles examined showed that when the support on the ground was on the non-preferred lower limb, there was greater participation of the upper segments compared to the support of the preferred limb. The preferred support of the lower limb on the ground generated angular variability among the participants in the hip, knee, and ankle joints, that is, the most distal part of the body. There is a wide range of strategies for distributing the variability of the principal components between the original angles on the left side. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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Extracting Cardiovascular-Induced Chest Vibrations from Ordinary Chest Videos: A Comparative Study

Extracting Cardiovascular-Induced Chest Vibrations from Ordi...

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2024 IEEE Signal Processing in Medicine and Biology Symposium, SPMB 2024

作者： Rahman, M. Taebi, A. Mississippi State University Biomedical Engineering Program Mississippi StateMS United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388572

Seismocardiography (SCG) has attracted significant interest for monitoring cardiac health and diagnosing cardiovascular conditions. While traditional SCG methods rely on uncomfortable chest-mounted accelerometers, recent research explores non-contact approaches, including analyzing video recordings of the chest. In this study, three computer vision-based methods including Lucas-Kanade optical flow, template tracking, and Gunnar-Farneback optical flow were evaluated for extracting SCG signals from ordinary camera-recorded chest videos. The study focused on right-to-left and head-to-foot SCG signals obtained from 13 healthy subjects during breath-hold at the end of exhalation and inhalation. Comparative analysis was performed by calculating the mean squared error (MSE) and root MSE (RMSE) between the vision-based SCG signals and the gold-standard accelerometer signals. Visual and quantitative analyses showed that the Lucas-Kanade and template tracking methods estimated vision-based SCG signals closely resembling the accelerometer data, particularly in the head-to-foot direction. The Lucas-Kanade method had MSE values ranging from 0.14 to 0.93, RMSE values from 0.38 to 0.96, average correlation values of 0.82±0.09. The template tracking method showed MSE values between 0.12 to 0.94, RMSE values from 0.35 to 0.97, and average correlation values of 0.83±0.10. In comparison, the Farneback method had higher MSE values ranging from 0.20 to 1.07, RMSE values from 0.44 to 1.03, and average correlation values of 0.76±0.11. These results suggest the effectiveness of Lucas-Kanade and template tracking methods for non-contact SCG signal extraction from chest video data. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Optical flows

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Downsizing and soft X-ray tomography for cellular uptake of interpenetrated metal-organic frameworks

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Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2024年第25期12卷 6079-6090页

作者： Yu, Yu-Sheng Liang, Yung-Yi Hsieh, Chia-Chun Lin, Zi-Jing Cheng, Po-Hsiu Cheng, Chih-Chan Chen, Shu-Ping Lai, Lee-Jene Wu, Kevin C.-W. National Taiwan University Department of Chemical Engineering Taipei Taiwan National Health Research Institute Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Miaoli Taiwan Hsinchu Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials with potential in biomedical applications such as sensing, drug delivery, and radiosensitization. However, how to tune the properties of the MOFs for such applications remains challenging. Herein, we synthesized two MOFs, Zr-PEB and Hf-PEB. Zr-PEB can be classified as porous interpenetrated zirconium frameworks (PIZOFs) and Hf-PEB is its analogue. We controlled their sizes while maintaining their crystal structure by employing a coordination modulation strategy. They were designed to serve as sensitizer for X-ray therapy and as potential drug carriers. Comprehensive characterizations of the MOFs' properties have been conducted, and the in vitro biological impacts have been studied. Since viability assay showed that Hf-PEB was more biocompatible compared to Zr-PEB, the cellular uptake of Hf-PEB by cells was evaluated using both fluorescence microscopy and soft X-ray tomography (SXT), and the three-dimensional structure of Hf-PEB in cells was observed. The results revealed the potential of Zr-PEB and Hf-PEB as nanomaterials for biomedical applications and demonstrated that SXT is an effective tool to assist the development of such materials. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Organometallics

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The Effectiveness of the Bone Suppression Algorithm and Concentration Conversion in the Detection of Lung Tumors

The Effectiveness of the Bone Suppression Algorithm and Conc...

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2023 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Computer Science and Data engineering, CSDE 2023

作者： Sato, Kota Ishii, Takuro Saijo, Yoshifumi Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences Tohoku University Sendai Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350341072

Early detection of lung tumors by reading X-ray images is important for radical treatment of the disease. To decrease the risk of missed lung tumors, diagnosis support system that can provide the accurate detection of lung tumors are in high demand, and the use of artificial intelligence with deep learning is one of the promising solutions. In our research, we try to improve the accuracy of lung tumors detection by artificial intelligence using our bone suppression algorithm and the proposed concentration conversion. 604 chest X-ray images were processed using both processes and learned with a U-net deep learning model. The result showed that the combined processes successfully improved the performance of the deep learning model to identify the location of tumors (Intersection over Union) from 0.197(original images without any process) to 0.247. The combination of bone suppression and concentration conversion would be useful to improve the accuracy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Control engineering investigation of the effects of proliferative diabetic retinopathy on the crystalline lens and ciliary muscle dynamic behavior

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Research on biomedical engineering 2023年第3期39卷 663-676页

作者： Oliveira, Rebeca Hannah de M. Silva, Mayla dos S. Nunes, Gustavo A. M. A. Faria, Rafael Mendes Santos, Kleriston Silva Rosa, Leandro L. F. Rosa, Mário F. F. Rosa, Suélia de S. R. F. Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine BaltimoreMD United States Postgraduate Program in Mechatronic Systems University of Brasília DF Brasilia Brazil Optometry Clinic GO Goiânia Brazil Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program University of Brasília DF Brasilia Brazil University of Brasilia – UnB DF Brasilia Brazil

Purpose: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) affects more than 100 million adults worldwide and is one of the primary diseases leading to blindness and affecting the eye’s retina. Few papers mention its impact on the anterior segment of the eye. Methods: We present a novel bond graph model of the human eye calibrated with data from the literature to simulate the effects of retinopathy on lens behavior. Through mathematical representation in state space and transfer functions, we simulate the dynamic responses of the physiological and pathological systems. Results: The dynamic response to impulse inputs shows a distinct peak amplitude (0.01 difference) and transient time (0.0001 s) for PDR and Healthy systems at Region B (lens and ciliary muscle). Qualitative increase in ocular vasculature aggravation attenuates PDR dynamic response to unitary step input compared to Healthy (50% decay at 20 days of simulation) at Region B. Conclusions: The model suggests the potential impact of PDR on ciliary muscle behavior, which can have a clinical translation on diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of the disease. It can be used for future studies on the effects of retinopathy on different ocular regions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Brazilian Society of biomedical engineering.

关键词： Eye protection

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