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Development of a Computational Simulator of the Physiological Control of Ventricular Assist Devices (VADs) 9th

Development of a Computational Simulator of the Physiologica...

9th Latin American Congress on biomedical engineering, CLAIB 2022 and 28th Brazilian Congress on biomedical engineering, CBEB 2022

作者： Santos, B.J. Cestari, I.A. Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Escola Politécnica de Engenharia Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil Federal Institute of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil Bioengineering Division—Heart Institute Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031494000

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a significant global health issue and considered the most debilitating form of Heart Failure with the heart unable to efficiently pump enough blood to the body, resulting in a high risk of mortality. Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) are utilized for providing mechanical circulatory assistance for patients with CHF. LVADs can generate pulsatile or continuous flows. Continuous flow LVADs may induce a more physiological flow pattern with some degree of pulsatility when the device is operated using a physiological type of controller. We present a computational simulator that can be used to compare hemodynamic responses of a simulated patient implanted with a LVAD, operated with or without a physiological controller. The computational simulator described here includes: (i) simulations of the patient’s condition;(ii) mathematical models of the estimators and sensors;and (iii) LVAD physiological control algorithms. The application of the simulator allowed us to investigate the performance of physiological control strategies considering various scenarios for LVAD applications. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Controllers

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Design and Validation of a Prosthetic Foot Adaptable to Sagittal Plane Ground Irregularity

Design and Validation of a Prosthetic Foot Adaptable to Sagi...

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3D Analysis of Human Movement (3DAHM), International Symposium on

作者： Marco Lagones Victoria E. Abarca Dante A. Elias Biomedical Engineering Program Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Biomedical Engineering Program Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru Biomechanics and Applied Robotics Research Laboratory Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Lima Peru

ISBN: (数字)9798331521738

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509842

Amputation involves the removal of a limb or part of it. In the case of the lower extremity, amputation affects the ankle joint and the metatarsophalangeal and intertarsal joints, improving the foot's adaptability on uneven terrain. Therefore, based on state-of-the-art technology that does not address the other joints of the foot to a large extent, a prosthetic foot has been developed that integrates the support structure of the foot through a foot arch with an extension analogous to the forefoot and an elastic element that mimics the plantar fascia that deforms against obstacles and provides stability to the prosthetic arch foot. The work addresses the design of the prosthetic foot from its design to its prototyping and validation, where the foot was shown to withstand the loads recommended for the P5 category of the ISO 22675 standard and to provide a return energy equal to 95.72%, 77.13%, and 90.21 %, in the heel strike, mid-stance, and toe-off stages, respectively. In addition to showing linear stiffness properties (66.95 kN /m) and torsional stiffness properties(2.05 kN.m/rad) in the forefoot analog element, values that are comparable with those recorded in commercial tests such as LP Variflex categories 7 and 8.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Protocols Prototypes Amputation Stability analysis Standards Foot Prosthetics Load modeling Testing

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Developing a novel biodegradable nanodrug platform for overcoming the challenges in treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (pdac) 16

Developing a novel biodegradable nanodrug platform for overc...

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Colloidal Nanoparticles for biomedical Applications XVI 2021

作者： Nisar, Saadia Handley, Shannon Clement, Sandhya The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South Wales Australia

ISBN: (数字)9781510641549

ISBN: (纸本)9781510641532

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deep seated and aggressive tumour which resists most current therapeutics resulting in only 5% survival rate. Gemcitabine, although the first line of treatment still has limited therapeutic value due to severe side effects. New treatment modalities are urgently required which efficiently deliver drugs to the target tumour area without causing adverse off-target side effects. We aimed to combine two clinical treatments for cancer, chemotherapy and RadioDynamic Therapy (RDT), to overcome current treatment for PDAC. In this project, specially designed nanoparticles (NP) were utilised as nanodrug carriers. Our poly(lactic-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles were successfully loaded with both chemotherapeutic agent Gemcitabine and RDT agent Verteporfin. Addition surface conjugation with GE11 peptide allowed to precisely target Panc-1 cancer cell lines overexpressing EGFR receptors. Our results show PLGA was successfully fine-tuned with desirable physicochemical properties. Gemcitabine and Verteporfin were sufficiently loaded into the PLGA NP and surface conjugation with GE11 peptide was confirmed using absorbance spectroscopy. The resulting GE11-PLGA-VP-GEM NPs showed size 86.38±15 nm, polydispersity 0.57±0.1 and zeta potential measurements of -2.87±1 mV. Encapsulation efficiency (EE) was determined to be 20% for Verteporfin and 24% for Gemcitabine. This combination offers a multimodal treatment system whereby Gemcitabine is able to be effectively delivered to Panc-1 cells and, simultaneously, Verteporfin, induced by Xray radiation generates ROS to cause cell death. Cellular uptake studies were evaluated and the treatment of live Panc-1 cells with GE11-PLGA-VP-GEM NP induced cell death. Furthermore, Verteporfin, excited at clinically relevant X-ray dosages generated ROS. © 2021 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Transdermal delivery of Chinese herbal medicine extract using dissolvable microneedles for hypertrophic scar treatment

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第9期11卷 2937-2944页

作者： Xiaoyu Ning Christian Wiraja Wan Ting Sharon Chewa Chen Fan Chenjie Xu NTU Institute for Health Technologies Interdisciplinary Graduate GroupNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637459Singapore Skin Research Institute of Singapore 8A Biomedical GroveSingapore 138648Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China

Hypertrophic scars are unfavorable skin diseases characterized by excessive collagen *** systemic treatments exist in clinic to manage hypertrophic scars,they pose significant side effects and tend to lose efficacy over prolonged *** Chinese medicine(TCM)offers as a promising candidate to treat pathological scars.A large number of TCMs have been studied to show anti-scarring effect,however,the natural barrier of the skin impedes their penetration,lowering its therapeutic ***,we reported the use of dissolvable hyaluronic acid(HA)microneedles(MNs)as a vehicle to aid the transdermal delivery of therapeutic agent,a model TCM called shikonin for the treatment of hypertrophic ***,shikonin was mixed with HA to make MNs with adequate mechanical strength for skin penetration,making its dosage controllable during the fabrication *** therapeutic effect of the shikonin MNs was studied in vira using HSFs and then further verified with quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain *** data suggest that the shikonin HA MNs significantly reduce the viability and proliferation of the HSFs and downregulate the fibrotic-related genes(i.e.,TGFβ1,FAP-αand COL1 A1).Furthermore,we observed a localized therapeutic effect of the shikonin HA MNs that is beneficial for site-specific treatment.

关键词： Traditional Chinese medicine Shikonin Hyaluronic acid Microneedle Hypertrophic scarring Drug delivery Transdermal delivery Skin

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Mathematical modeling and experimental analysis of the relationship between ventricular size and diastolic function of trabecular ventricles

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Journal of Biorheology 2023年第2期37卷 96-104页

作者： Ito, Megumi Ujihara, Yoshihiro Sugita, Shukei Nakamura, Masanori Nanopharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho Showa-ku Aichi Nagoya4668555 Japan Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho Showa-ku Aichi Nagoya4668555 Japan Center of Biomedical Physics and Information Technology Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho Showa-ku Aichi Nagoya4668555 Japan Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho Showa-ku Aichi Nagoya4668555 Japan

The diastolic function of the ventricle is evaluated using the ventricular diastolic pressure-volume (P-V) relationship, and the P-V relationship is generally quantified by the stiffness or the stiffness constant. The P-V relationship of humans and other mammals is often normalized with the ventricular lumen volume to exclude the size effect on ventricular stiffness;however, in amphibians and reptiles which have trabecular ventricles, the ventricular mass is used for normalization instead of the ventricular lumen volume, because it is difficult to accurately define the ventricular lumen. In the present study, we investigated the ventricular diastolic P-V relationships of anurans of different sizes, and demonstrated both mathematically and experimentally that the stiffness parameters obtained directly from the P-V relationship were inversely proportional to the ventricular mass. We also demonstrated that the volume of the natural ventricular lumen was proportional to the ventricular mass. These combined results indicate that the stiffness parameters obtained directly from the P-V relationship are essentially dependent on the ventricular size. Normalization of V with ventricular mass attenuated the size effect, and we confirmed that this method is useful for comparing the diastolic function between the trabecular ventricles of different sizes when focusing on material properties. © 2023, Japanese Society of Biorheology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stiffness

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Assessment of force control improvement induced by sinusoidal vibrotactile stimulation in dominant and non-dominant hands

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Research on biomedical engineering 2021年第1期37卷 95-103页

作者： Germer, Carina Marconi Moreira, Luciana Sobral Elias, Leonardo Abdala Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Campinas CampinasSP Brazil Neural Engineering Research Laboratory Center for Biomedical Engineering University of Campinas CampinasSP Brazil Cellular and Structural Biology Graduate Program Institute of Biology University of Campinas CampinasSP Brazil Faculty of Biological Sciences Center for Life Sciences Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas CampinasSP Brazil

Purpose: Vibrotactile stimulation has been shown to improve sensorimotor integration in the central nervous system, thereby enhancing motor performance in several conditions. Here we aim to address two questions: (1) Would lateral asymmetries yielding handedness influence the force control improvement induced by sinusoidal vibrotactile stimulation? (2) Does the force control improvement depend on finding an optimum stimulus intensity? Methods: Eleven participants performed a visually guided force-matching task, while different intensities of sinusoidal vibrations were applied to the index finger skin. Tasks consisted of abductions of the index fingers of dominant and non-dominant hands at 5% of their maximal voluntary contractions. The force coefficient of variation (CoV) in the condition without vibration was used as the reference (control) for later comparison with five vibration intensities. Also, force CoV in the control condition was compared with those obtained from the optimal vibration selected either from both hands or from a single hand (the one that started the experiment). Results: Despite the known sensory asymmetries in cortical and spinal circuits, handedness did not significantly influence the improvement of force control induced by sinusoidal vibrotactile stimulation during low-intensity contractions. Moreover, there was a significant reduction in force variability irrespective of the criteria used to select the vibration intensity. Conclusion: These findings add to the current knowledge on the effects of sinusoidal vibrotactile stimulation on force control and have potential implications for the development of wearable motor enhancer devices. © 2020, Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomedica.

关键词： Force control

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Low intensity mechanical signals promote proliferation in a cell-specific manner:Tailoring a non-drug strategy to enhance biomanufacturing yields

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Mechanobiology in Medicine 2024年第4期2卷 59-68页

作者： M.Ete Chan Christopher Ashdown Lia Strait Sishir Pasumarthy Abdullah Hassan Steven Crimarco Chanpreet Singh Vihitaben S.Patel Gabriel Pagnotti Omor Khan Gunes Uzer Clinton T.Rubin Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied SciencesRenaissance School of MedicineStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY11794-5280USA Medical Scientist Training Program Renaissance School of MedicineStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY11794USA Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringBoise State UniversityBoiseID83725-205USA Center for Biotechnology New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Medical BiotechnologyStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY11794-5281USA

Biomanufacturing relies on living cells to produce biotechnology-based therapeutics,tissue engineering constructs,vaccines,and a vast range of agricultural and industrial *** the escalating demand for these bio-based products,any process that could improve yields and shorten outcome timelines by accelerating cell proliferation would have a significant impact across the *** these goals are primarily achieved using biological or chemical strategies,harnessing cell mechanosensitivity represents a promising–albeit less studied–physical pathway to promote bioprocessing endpoints,yet identifying which mechanical parameters influence cell activities has remained *** tested the hypothesis that mechanical signals,delivered non-invasively using low-intensity vibration(LIV;<1 g,10–500 Hz),will enhance cell expansion,and determined that any unique signal configuration was not equally influential across a range of cell *** frequency,intensity,duration,refractory period,and daily doses of LIV increased proliferation in Chinese Hamster Ovary(CHO)-adherent cells(t79%in 96 hr)using a particular set of LIV parameters(0.2 g,500 Hz,3-30 min/d,2 hr refractory period),yet this same mechanical input suppressed proliferation in CHO-suspension cells(-13%).Another set of LIV parameters(30 Hz,0.7 g,2-60 min/d,2 hr refractory period)however,were able to increase the proliferation of CHO-suspension cells by 210%and T-cells by 20.3%.Importantly,we also reported that T-cell response to LIV was in-part dependent upon AKT phosphorylation,as inhibiting AKT phosphorylation reduced the proliferative effect of LIV by over 60%,suggesting that suspension cells utilize mechanism(s)similar to adherent cells to sense specific LIV *** image velocimetry combined with finite element modeling showed high transmissibility of these signals across fluids(>90%),and LIV effectively scaled up to T75 ***,when LIV is tailored to the target cell populati

关键词： Biomanufacturing Cell proliferation Mechanical stimulation Biomechanics Adherent cells Suspension cells Stem cells Vibration

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Development of a Novel Sonosensitizer for Sonodynamic Therapy 9th

Development of a Novel Sonosensitizer for Sonodynamic Therap...

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9th International Conference on the Development of biomedical engineering in Vietnam, BME 2022

作者： Hung, Tun-Pin Hsieh, Chia-Feng Chang, Cheng-Chung Office of Physical Education Tamkang University New Taipei City Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Intelligent Minimally-Invasive Device Center National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031446290

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a non-invasive treatment for various cancers. Because ultrasound was used to provide energy requirement for ROS, the main advantage of SDT over PDT (photodynamic therapy) is the much greater tissue depth than photodynamic therapy (PDT). The therapeutic mechanism of SDT combined with ultrasound and chemotherapeutic drugs (sonosensitizers) is a promising alternative to eradicate tumors. In this study, we synthesized a new generation of photosensitizer 3,7-bis(di(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amino)-phenothiazin-5-ium iodide (MB-N) and developed its possibility to be a sonosensitizers with characterizing the best ROS generation by spectroscopic analysis. The methylene blue (MB) was used to explore the efficiency difference between PDT and SDT induced by photosensitizer and sonosensitizer, as a basis for studying other sonosensitizers. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. 2024.

关键词： Photosensitizers

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HIFU thermal lesion difference between simulated human phantom and tissue-mimicking phantom 24

HIFU thermal lesion difference between simulated human phant...

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24th International Congress on Acoustics, ICA 2022

作者： Kim, Seong Chan Choi, Min Joo Jeju National University Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program of Biomedical Engineering Korea Republic of Jeju National University School of Medicine Korea Republic of

Most HIFU procedures use the thermal effect of ultrasound, and information about temperature is directly related to the effect and side effects of the procedure. In the case of the human body, there are complex structures including bones around the target tissue to be irradiated with ultrasound. Thermal lesions in human tissue differ from thermal lesions in ideal conditions due to the standing waves generated by the target tissue and surrounding structures. If a high temperature rise is induced at a location other than the focal point of the HIFU, side effects of the procedure and patient safety may be threatened. In this study, two conditions were simulated, a tissue-mimicking phantom and a human body, in order to compare differences in thermal lesions. In the simulation results, the shape of the thermal lesion generated in the two conditions was not the same, and there was a difference in the location where the temperature was increased. © ICA *** rights reserved

关键词： HIFU Human phantom Thermal lesion Tissue mimicking phantom

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Mechanical Stretch Promotes Invasion of Lung Cancer Cells via Activation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

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Biotechnology and Bioprocess engineering 2023年第3期28卷 467-472页

作者： Chen, Liang-Kun Hsieh, Ching-Chi Huang, Yi-Chao Huang, Yuan-Jung Lung, Chun-Fan Hsu, Wei-En Yao, Chao-Ling Tseng, Tsung-Yu Wang, Chi-Chung Hsu, Yi-Chiung Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering National Central University Taoyuan320 Taiwan Division of Chest Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital Changhua505 Taiwan Health Services Training Center HSTC National Defense Medical Center Taipei114 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City242 Taiwan

Most of the gas exchange in the human body is carried out by the lungs, and the physiological activities of the lungs are uninterrupted. Due to the deterioration of the external environment, pulmonary cell lesions are common clinical lung diseases. Mechanical cyclic stretching is one kind of bionic technology to observe lung cancer cells. The A549 cell line is the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line derived from a primary lung tumor. This study investigated the effects of mechanical cyclic stretching on A549 cell activity and gene expression profile. Whereas mechanical cyclic stretching had no significant difference in colony formation and cell migration of A549 cells, the cell invasion increased significantly in A549 cells after stretching. In addition, the microarray data showed that mechanical cyclic stretching altered gene expression, induced inflammation of cells, and activation of Wnt/β-catenin and tumor necrosis factor pathways. More importantly, mechanical cyclic stretching activated the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) protein. Therefore, the increase of cell invasion induced by mechanical cyclic stretching might be associated with the activation of TNF-α in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. © 2023, The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Springer.

关键词： Chemical activation

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