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6th Kuala Lumpur International Conference on biomedical engineering, BioMed 2021

作者： Hew, Zhi Chin Chan, Bee Ting Wan Ab Naim, Wan Naimah Dokos, Socrates Tey, Wah Yen Liew, Yih Miin Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering UCSI University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Malaysia Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering UNSW Sydney Sydney Australia Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology University Teknologi Malaysia Skudai Malaysia Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030907235

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is one of the common heart diseases that contribute to global morbidity and mortality. LVH can be further classified into concentric LVH (cLVH), eccentric LVH (eLVH) and concentric left ventricular remodeling (cLVR) based on the changes in wall structure and cardiac function. This study simulated LVH cases by using an electro-mechanical left ventricular (LV) model. The simulation was performed on three LVH cases, with a healthy model used for baseline reference. The pressure–volume loops, LV wall thickening index (TI), shortening strain (SS) and thickening strain (TS) were evaluated. Although all LV models had a preserved ejection fraction, differences in TI, SS and TS were noted. The cLVH (TI: 24.4%, SS: −20.2%, TS: −52.5%) and eLVH (TI: 10.3%, SS: −81.2%, TS: 9.4%) models showed remarkable difference compared to the healthy model, whereas less significant discrepancy was noted in cLVR (TI: 5.1%, SS: −0.6%, TS: −7.3%). Distinct geometric features of increased wall thickness and chamber enlargement were observed to affect the operative chamber stiffness in cLVH and eLVH. The TI, SS and TS results indicate wall mechanics impairment in cLVH and eLVH patients. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Strain

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Shape design of aqueous bubbles stabilized with millimeter-sized polymer plates

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New Journal of Chemistry 2023年第1期48卷 31-35页

作者： Sakurai, Yuri Kakiuchi, Rina Hayashi, Masaki Hirai, Tomoyasu Nakamura, Yoshinobu Fujii, Syuji Division of Applied Chemistry Environmental and Biomedical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology 5-16-1 Omiya Asahi-ku Osaka535-8585 Japan Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology 5-16-1 Omiya Asahi-ku Osaka535-8585 Japan Nanomaterials Microdevices Research Center Osaka Institute of Technology 5-16-1 Omiya Asahi-ku Osaka535-8585 Japan

Bubbles with polyhedral morphologies were fabricated using polymer plates as a stabilizer. Precise control of the shape and size of the bubbles could be performed by tuning the size ratio of the air bubble and plate, controlling the number of plates adsorbed to the bubble, and coalescence of multiple bubbles. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

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An Open-Source GPU-Based Acoustic Simulator for Fast and Accurate Modeling of Acoustic Scattering

An Open-Source GPU-Based Acoustic Simulator for Fast and Acc...

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IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics (ISAF)

作者： Zixuan Tian Yun Jing Aiguo Han Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana USA Graduate Program in Acoustics Pennsylvania State University USA Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350371901

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371918

Fast, accurate, and realistic simulations of ultrasonic scattering in biological tissues play an important role in biomedical ultrasound research. This study introduces UltraWave, a new open-source ultrasound simulation tool we developed for accurately modeling acoustic and elastic wave propagation in two- and three-dimensional heterogeneous media. UltraWave allows the utilization of multiple graphics processing units (GPUs) to deliver faster and more accurate full-wave simulations. The perfectly matched layer was integrated into the simulator. UltraWave was validated against well-established scattering theories in a variety of basic scattering scenarios, and achieved similar or higher accuracy than the widely used k-Wave toolbox. Additionally, UltraWave outperformed k-Wave in terms of computational efficiency with both central processing units (CPUs) and GPUs, particularly when using GPU acceleration for elastic wave simulations. These results demonstrated the potential of UltraWave as a promising tool for biomedical ultrasound simulations.

关键词： Solid modeling Accuracy Ultrasonic imaging Biological system modeling Computational modeling Graphics processing units Media Acoustics Computational efficiency Perfectly matched layers

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RNA reporter based CRISPR/Cas12a biosensing platform for sensitive detection of circulating tumor DNA

RNA reporter based CRISPR/Cas12a biosensing platform for sen...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Fei Deng Yi Li Rui Sang Chengchen Zhang Tim Hall Danting Yang Ewa Goldys Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering UNSW Sydney Australia School of Medicine Ningbo University China

CRISPR/Cas biotechnology provides an exceptional platform for biosensor development. To date, the reported CRISPR/Cas biosensing systems have shown extraordinary performance for nucleic acids, small molecules, small proteins and microorganism detection. The CRISPR/Cas12a biosensing system, as a typical example, has been well established and applied for both nucleic acids and non-nucleic acids target detection. However, all established CRISPR/Cas12a biosensing systems are based on DNA reporters, which potentially limits further *** this study, we established an RNA reporter based CRISPR/Cas12a biosensing system. A basic biosensing system was evaluated, and the limit of detection was found to be 1 nM. Afterwards, we optimized this biosensing system using both temperature and chemical enhancers. The final optimal biosensing system (with DTT & 37°C) shows fluorescence signal increased by a factor of ~10 compared with the basic system. The optimal biosensing system was further applied for the detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), which shows over 4 orders of magnitude detection range from 1pM to 25 nM, with the limit of detection of 1pM. This RNA reporter based CRISPR/Cas12a biosensing system provides an effective platform for nucleic acids *** Relevance— This research provides a novel approach for ctDNA diagnostics, which is an attractive biomarker for noninvasive monitoring of tumor growth, response, and spread.

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Histogram-based Res-UNet model for optical sectioning HiLo endo-microscopy

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Optics Express 2025年第6期33卷 12253-12268页

作者： Chung, Meng-Chen Chia, Yu-Hsin Vyas, Sunil Luo, Yuan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan Institute of Medical Device and Imaging National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan YongLin Institute of Health National Taiwan University Taipei10087 Taiwan Molecular Imaging Center National Taiwan University Taipei10672 Taiwan Program for Precision Health and Intelligent Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan

Optical sectioning endo-microscopy has become a crucial tool for deep brain imaging, but conventional methods face challenges such as time-consuming scanning processes and the need for expensive light sources. HiLo imaging addresses these issues by providing faster acquisition and high-quality images. In this study, we introduce a histogram matching-based Res-UNet model for optical sectioning HiLo endo-microscopy. By applying our model, we achieve substantial improvements in image reconstruction quality compared to the conventional ResNet model. Our evaluation demonstrates significant enhancements in the reconstructed images’ structural similarity index (SSIM) and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) metrics. The PSNR values exceeding 30 dB and SSIM values surpassing 0.8 at various depths indicate that our method achieves image quality comparable to the HiLo system. Importantly, while our approach demonstrates high-quality, real-time reconstruction capabilities using ex-vivo samples, we are actively planning to extend our research to in-vivo imaging applications, which will further enhance the practical implications of our work. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Brain imaging Imaging systems In vivo imaging Light sources Structured light Tissue imaging

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Muscle belly ratio is the most suitable estimate of the activity of the torn supraspinatus muscle

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JSES International 2023年第6期7卷 2373-2378页

作者： Hoshikawa, Kyosuke Yuri, Takuma Oishi, Ryuta Uno, Tomohiro Nagai, Jun Giambini, Hugo Mura, Nariyuki Graduate School of Health Sciences Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences Yamagata Japan Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yoshioka Hospital Yamagata Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine Yamagata Japan

Background: A torn rotator cuff muscle deteriorates over time leading with an increase in muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration. There are several clinical assessments for evaluating the atrophy of the torn supraspinatus muscle. However, it is unclear which approach can more accurately estimate the activity of the torn supraspinatus muscle. The purpose of this study was to determine which magnetic resonance imaging–based muscle atrophy imaging assessment currently implemented in the clinical setting accurately estimates the activity of the torn supraspinatus muscle. Methods: Forty patients who were diagnosed with a rotator cuff tear and were candidates for repairs were selected for this study. Cross-sectional area, occupation ratio, and tangent sign were analyzed on T1-weighted oblique sagittal plane magnetic resonance images in which the scapular spine leads to the Y-section. Muscle belly ratio of the supraspinatus muscle was analyzed by calculating the ratio of the width of the muscle belly to the distance from the greater tubercle to the proximal end of the muscle on T1-weighted coronal plane magnetic resonance imaging images. Fatty infiltration was evaluated using the Goutallier classification system. Tear size was obtained intraoperatively by measuring the width and length of the tear and classified based on the Cofield's classification. To assess activity of the torn supraspinatus muscle, participants were first instructed to sit on a chair with the affected arm resting on a table and the shoulder abducted to 60° in the scapular plane with neutral rotation. Elasticity of the supraspinatus muscle belly was then obtained at rest and during isometric contraction using with real-time tissue elastography. Muscle activity, a surrogate for contractility, was defined as the difference between the elasticities measured at rest and during isometric contraction. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to investigate independent factors, such as sex, tear width,

关键词： Basic Science Study Imaging Magnetic resonance imaging Muscle activity Muscle atrophy Muscle belly ratio Real-time tissue elastography Rotator cuff tears Supraspinatus muscle

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Mandarin Speech Reconstruction from Tongue Motion Ultrasound Images based on Generative Adversarial Networks 46

Mandarin Speech Reconstruction from Tongue Motion Ultrasound...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Li, Fengji Shen, Fei Ma, Ding Zhang, Shaochuan Zhou, Jie Wang, Li Fan, Fan Liu, Tao Chen, Xiaohong Toda, Tomoki Niu, Haijun Beihang University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beijing China Nagoya University Graduate School of Informatics Nagoya Japan Capital Medical University Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Beijing China Nagoya University Information Technology Center Nagoya Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Speech impairment resulting from laryngectomy causes severe physiological and psychological distress to laryngectomee. In clinical practice, the upper vocal tract articulatory organs function normally in most laryngectomee. The potential to reconstruct speech by leveraging articulatory information is of significant importance, offering a meaningful contribution to the effective rehabilitation of speech in these patients. To begin, we created a Mandarin corpus, capturing simultaneous dynamic tongue motion ultrasound images and speech waveform during experiment. Then we utilized an autoencoder to extract deep representation from ultrasound images. Building on this, a speech waveform generation model was established using generative adversarial networks, and both objective and subjective evaluations were conducted to access the quality of the reconstructed speech. The results reveal that the phoneme accuracy of the reconstructed speech reaches 72.43%, with accuracy of Mandarin tones being 76.10%. Observing the mel-spectrogram and fundamental frequency contour, the reconstructed speech shows a high degree of similarity to original speech. Additionally, subjective speech perceptions of the reconstructed speech affirm its acceptability (mean opinion score > 6). The method presented in this paper enables to reconstruct tonal Mandarin speech from dynamic tongue motion ultrasound images. However, future research should focus on specific conditions of laryngectomee, improving and optimizing model performance, expanding training datasets, and enhancing the quality of reconstructed speech. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging

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Improved camptothecin encapsulation and efficacy by environmentally sensitive block copolymer/chitosan/fucoidan nanoparticles for targeting lung cancer cells

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International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2024年第PT 2期277卷 133901页

作者： Don, Trong-Ming Hong, Yu-Ting Jheng, Pei-Ru Chuang, Er-Yuan Huang, Yi-Cheng Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tamkang University New Taipei City Taiwan College of Life Sciences Department of Food Science National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Taipei Medical University–Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Taiwan

In this study, thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNP) was polymerized with pH-sensitive poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) to prepare a PAA-b-PNP block copolymer. Above its cloud point, the block copolymer self-assembled into nanoparticles (NPs), encapsulating the anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) in situ. Chitosan (CS) and fucoidan (Fu) further modified these NPs, forming Fu-CPT-NPs to enhance biocompatibility, drug encapsulation efficiency (EE), and loading content (LC), crucially facilitating P-selectin targeting of lung cancer cells through a drug delivery system. The EE and LC reached 82 % and 3.5 %, respectively. According to transmission electron microscope observation, these Fu-CPT-NPs had uniform spherical shapes with an average diameter of ca. 250 nm. They could maintain their stability in a pH range of 5.0–6.8. In vitro experimental results revealed that the Fu-CPT-NPs exhibited good biocompatibility and had anticancer activity after encapsulating CPT. It could deliver CPT to cancer cells by targeting P-selectin, effectively increasing cell uptake and inducing cell apoptosis. Animal study results showed that the Fu-CPT-NPs inhibited lung tumor growth by increasing tumor cell apoptosis without causing significant tissue damage related to generating reactive oxygen species in lung cancer cells. This system can effectively improve drug-delivery efficiency and treatment effects and has great potential for treating lung cancer. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Understanding Acoustic Phenomena in Stenosed Coronary Arteries through Bond Graph Modeling of Sound Generation

Understanding Acoustic Phenomena in Stenosed Coronary Arteri...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Loreto Rojas Sandoval René Araya Ulloa Ana Karoline Almeida Da Silva Gustavo Adolfo Marcelino de Almeida Nunes Rafael Mendes Faria José Parra Sepúlveda Lindemberg Barreto Mota Da Costa Luca Rubilar Acevedo Mário Fabrício Fleury Rosa Esteban J. Pino Suélia de Siqueira Rodrigues Fleury Rosa Electrical Engineering Department Universidad de Concepción Chile Mechanical Engineering Department University of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering University of Brasilia Brasilia Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798350371499

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371505

Coronary artery stenosis is characterized by the obstruction or narrowing of coronary arteries, impairing blood flow to the cardiac muscle. Cardiovascular diseases rank among the leading global causes of death. Understanding the mechanisms, risk factors, and impacts of coronary artery stenosis (CAD) is essential for developing effective strategies for prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment, aiming to enhance cardiovascular health and reduce adverse consequences associated with this condition. Previous studies explore the potential of acoustic devices in non-invasive CAD detection through the analysis of cardiac sounds. A theoretical model utilized a cardiac microphone and signal processing to generate sounds in partially obstructed coronary arteries. Emphasizing the model’s sensitivity to geometric and dynamic parameters, this article integrates Bond Graph (BG) models into the analog sound circuit, aiming to develop a dynamic representation of biological processes in complex systems like coronary arteries. This research seeks to construct a comprehensive mathematical model using a state-space approach to enhance understanding, diagnostics, and interventions in cardiovascular conditions. The utilization of BG demonstrated notable similarity to the pathology of the disease, providing an accurate representation of its effects. The model’s sensitivity to geometric and dynamic parameters allowed an in-depth understanding of the specific physiological characteristics of the disease, highlighting its ability to reproduce patterns observed in patients with CAD.

关键词： Solid modeling Analytical models Pathology Sensitivity Biological system modeling Prevention and mitigation Signal processing Predictive models Mathematical models Arteries

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The properties and preparation of functional starch: a review

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Food Reviews International 2023年第7期39卷 3984-4008页

作者： Fan, Lvting Ye, Qin Lu, Wenjing Chen, Di Zhang, Cen Xiao, Lihan Meng, Xianghe Lee, Yi-Chieh Wang, Hui-Min David Xiao, Chaogeng Institute of Food Science Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhejiang Hangzhou China College of Food Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou China Department of Life Science National Chung Hsing University Taichung City Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung City Taiwan Graduate Institute of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology China Medical University Taichung City Taiwan

Slow digestion starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS) are usually used as additives or raw materials in food processing due to their low glycemic index (GI) and low digestibility, imbuing products with physiological function, such as hypoglycemic activity and anti-obesity. But due to the lack of standardization of experimental methods, great differences have been reported in the results of various studies, which mean that the reference of experimental consequences is decreased, and the development of starch processing technology is then hindered. Moreover, the detailed structural changes in starch during different types of modifications are of necessity to be explored. In this paper, the structural characteristics and physiological functions of functional starch (SDS and RS) were reviewed, the physical, enzymatic, chemical and physicochemical preparation methods of functional starch from different plant sources were compared as well. In addition, the applications of functional starch in food industry were summarized, which were expected to provide the references for optimizing starch modification efficiency and functional food development. © 2021 Taylor & Francis.

关键词： Starch

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