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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Y. Huang X. Liu T. Miyazaki S. Omachi G. El Fakhri J. Ouyang Radiology and Biomedical Imaging Yale University New Haven Connecticut United States of America Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350388152

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388169

Diffusion models (DM) built from a hierarchy of denoising autoencoders have achieved remarkable progress in image generation, and are increasingly influential in the field of image restoration (IR) tasks. In the meantime, its backbone of autoencoders also evolved from UNet to vision transformer, e.g. Restormer. Therefore, it is important to disentangle the contribution of backbone networks and the additional generative learning scheme. Notably, DM shows varied performance across IR tasks, and the performance of recent advanced transformer-based DM on PET denoising is under-explored. In this study, we further raise an intuitive question, “{if we have a sufficiently powerful backbone, whether DM can be a general add-on generative learning scheme to further boost PET denoising}”. Specifically, we investigate one of the best-in-class IR models, i.e., DiffIR, which is a latent DM based on the Restormer backbone. We provide a qualitative and quantitative comparison with UNet, SR3 (UNet+pixel DM), and Restormer, on the 25% low dose ${}^{18}\mathrm{F-FDG}$ whole-body PET denoising task, aiming to identify the best practices. We trained and tested on 93 and 12 subjects, and each subject has 644 slices. It appears that Restormer outperforms UNet in terms of PSNR and MSE. However, additional latent DM over Restormer does not contribute to better MSE, SSIM, or PSNR in our task, which is even inferior to the conventional UNet. In addition, SR3 with pixel space DM is not stable to synthesize satisfactory results. The results are consistent with the natural image super-resolution tasks, which also suffer from limited spatial information. A possible reason would be the denoising iteration at latent feature space cannot well support detailed structure and texture restoration. This issue is more crucial in the IR tasks taking inputs with limited details, e.g., SR and PET denoising.

关键词： Microwave integrated circuits Computer vision Semiconductor detectors Image synthesis Noise reduction Superresolution Whole-body PET

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Sterility and Endotoxin of Thai Silk Fibroin Solution in a Production Conformed to ISO13485 Standard 15

Sterility and Endotoxin of Thai Silk Fibroin Solution in a P...

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15th biomedical engineering International Conference, BMEiCON 2023

作者： Rattana, Aksarapak Yamdech, Rungnapha Damrongsakkul, Siriporn Rattanavaraporn, Juthamas Thongnuek, Peerapat Kanokpanont, Sorada Mota, Antonella Nopprang, Phatcharaphon Sangkitporn, Siripakorn Dambua, Acharaporn Boonchu, Patcharaporn Suparak, Supaporn Dhepakson, Panadda Jamkratoke, Jutarat Center of Excellence in Biomaterial Engineering in Medical and Health Thailand Chulalongkorn University Department of Chemical Engineering Bangkok Thailand Chulalongkorn University Biomedical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Bangkok Thailand University of Trento BIOtech Research Center Department of Industrial Engineering TN Mattarello Italy Ministry of Public Health Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Center Department of Medical Sciences Nonthaburi Thailand The Queen Sirikit Sericulture Center Nakhon Ratchasima Nakorn Ratchasima Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345247

This is the first report of sterile Thai silk fibroin (SF) solution (2-4% (w/v) in water) production at semi-commercial scale under the medical device management system conforming to standard ISO13485:2016. Thai silk cocoons (Bombyx mori, local strain, named Nangnoi Srisaket 1) was maintained, cultured and produced in controlled conditions at The Queen Sirikit Sericulture Center Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. The GMP (Medical Device) conformed protocol was optimized. The degummed silk fibers were dissolved in concentrated ionic liquid and purified in the clean room facility of the Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand. With minimal sterilization of the end product (4%w/w SF Solution), sterility and endotoxin test of the product indicated that the purified proteins were negative for bacteria, mycobacteria, yeast and fungi. The endotoxin levels of all inputs, intermediates and the product was © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Purification

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Identification of the Parameters of Double-Pendulum Intermittent Delay Feedback Control Model Using Optimization Method 9th

Identification of the Parameters of Double-Pendulum Intermit...

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9th Latin American Congress on biomedical engineering, CLAIB 2022 and 28th Brazilian Congress on biomedical engineering, CBEB 2022

作者： Gonzalez, Diego Imbiriba, Luis Aureliano Jandre, Frederico Biomedical Engineering Program Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Federal Center for Technological Education Celso Suckow da Fonseca Nova Friburgo Brazil School of Physical Education and Sports Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031494000

The identification of the parameters of postural control models may aid evaluating the balance control mechanism. A novel approach suggests that the central nervous system adopts an intermittent active feedback control to maintain upright posture, since this strategy may explain better the spontaneous sway. The aims of this work are to analyze the intermittent strategy of subjects in different sensorial conditions and to propose a method to identify the parameters of an intermittent delay feedback control model, applied to the double-pendulum biomechanical model. Four sway parameters (mean velocity, range, signal RMS and frequency band) were calculated from signals available in a public dataset containing body sway records of young and old subjects in trials with eyes open/closed on rigid/foam surface. An intermittence parameter ρ was obtained using system identification with a genetic algorithm optimization approach. The sway parameters were significantly different between eyes open/closed on rigid/foam surface (p © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Parameter estimation

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Non-cell autonomous effect of neuronal nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase on the function of neuromuscular junctions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第2期16卷 302-303页

作者： Samuel Lundt Shinghua Ding Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center Interdisciplinary Neuroscience ProgramUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA Department of Biomedical Biological and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD)is one of the most important metabolites in mammalian cells(Figure 1 A).Its oxidized form(NAD+)and reduced form(NADH)play a role in many reactions within cells,most prominently in... 详细信息

关键词： Figure autonomous oxidized

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Three-dimensional point cloud registration using particle swarm optimization 18

Three-dimensional point cloud registration using particle sw...

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18th International Conference on Electrical engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology, ECTI-CON 2021

作者： Wongkhuenkaew, Ritipong Auephanwiriyakul, Sansanee Theera-Umpon, Nipon Chiang Mai University Faculty of Engineering Graduate School Computer Engineering Department Chiang Mai Thailand Chiang Mai University Faculty of Engineering Biomedical Engineering Institute Computer Engineering Department Chiang Mai Thailand Chiang Mai University Faculty of Engineering Biomedical Engineering Institute Electrical Engineering Department Chiang Mai Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9780738111278

In order to reconstruct a three-dimensional model, a registration process in the three-dimensional space is required. Although, there are many existing methods in finding transformation matrices, there are none that can handle translation, scaling, rotation, and sheering. Hence, in this paper, we develop a three-dimensional registration method using the particle swarm optimization (PSO). We generate three synthetic shapes, i.e., cube, cylinder, and pyramid. We also transform these shapes to provide the transformation ground truth. The results show that the proposed algorithm is able to find a very good transformation matrix with extremely small registration mean squared errors in the order of 10-31, 10-31, and 10-11 for cubical, cylindrical, and pyramidal shapes, respectively. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Three dimensional computer graphics

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Co-printing of micro/nanostructures integrated with preconcentration to enhance protein detection

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Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 2024年第1期28卷 1-10页

作者： Lu, Yi-Jung Hsieh, Han-Yun Yang, Wen-Fai Wu, Kuang-Chong Tahara, Hidetoshi Wei, Pei-Kuen Sheen, Horn-Jiunn Fan, Yu-Jui Division of Family and Operative Dentistry Department of Dentistry Taipei Medical University Hospital 252 Wuxing St. Taipei11031 Taiwan Institute of Applied Mechanics National Taiwan University 1 Roosevelt Road Sec. 4 Taipei106 Taiwan Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences Hiroshima University Kausmi 1-2-3 Minami-Ku Hiroshima734-8553 Japan School of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University 250 Wuxing St. Taipei11031 Taiwan Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica 128 Academia Road Sec. 2 Nankang Taipei11529 Taiwan

This paper reports a fabrication method that can make microstructures such as microfluidic channels and nanostructures to generate surface plasmon resonance (SPR) signals in one-step using hot embossing. We first made a micro/nanostructural mold on a silicon substrate through sequential e-beam lithography, reactive ion etching (RIE), photolithography, and inductively coupled plasma RIE. The fabricated mold and cyclo-olefin polymer (COP) film were pressed between two flat, heated metal bases under optimal conditions, and the micro/nanostructures were complementarily transferred to the COP film. After depositing a thin aluminum film onto the nanostructure, the device was completed by patterning Nafion that crossed two channels and a nearby nanostructure, and by bonding the COP film to a flat polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate with holes punched for the inlets and outlets. SPR signals of the nanostructures of the microfluidic channel were calibrated using glycerol solutions of different percentages, and a wavelength sensitivity of 393 nm/refractive index unit was found for the Al-based nanoslit SPR sensing chip. To detect macromolecules, we first modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) onto the surface of the SPR chip and then allowed different concentrations of anti-BSA samples to flow into the device. A calibration curve for detecting anti-BSA was constructed, and anti-BSA detection levels with and without preconcentration were compared. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Microfluidics

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VERTICAL LIPID BILAYERS FORMATION IN NANOFLUIDIC CHANNELS BY REVERSE MICELLES CONTACT 26

VERTICAL LIPID BILAYERS FORMATION IN NANOFLUIDIC CHANNELS BY...

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26th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2022

作者： Kawagishi, Hiroto Aishan, Yusufu Oiki, Shigetoshi Iwamoto, Masayuki Xu, Yan Department of Chemical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University Japan Department of Chemical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Metropolitan University Japan Biomedical Imaging Research Center University of Fukui Japan Department of Molecular Neuroscience University of Fukui Faculty of Medical Sciences Japan PRESTO Japan NanoSquare Research Institute Osaka Prefecture University Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781733419048

The lipid bilayer is one of the most important biomolecules that can regulate substances transported in and out of the cells. The lipid bilayer's deformation and transport measurement at the nanoscale has a high potential in revealing the fundamental mechanisms of biological phenomena. This is a blank area due to the lack of sufficient measurement tools available for handling at the nanoscale. Here, we demonstrated the formation and measurement of vertical lipid bilayers in nanofluidic channels by contact of reverse micelles for the first time. This can be a powerful tool for exploring the nanoscale biological phenomena related to various fields. © 2022 MicroTAS 2022 - 26th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomolecules

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Leveraging Joint Spectral and Spatial Learning with MAMBA for Multichannel Speech Enhancement

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ren, Wenze Wu, Haibin Lin, Yi-Cheng Chen, Xuanjun Chao, Rong Hung, Kuo-Hsuan Li, You-Jin Ting, Wen-Yuan Wang, Hsin-Min Tsao, Yu Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Academia Sinica Taiwan

In multichannel speech enhancement, effectively capturing spatial and spectral information across different microphones is crucial for noise reduction. Traditional methods, such as CNN or LSTM, attempt to model the temporal dynamics of full-band and sub-band spectral and spatial features. However, these approaches face limitations in fully modeling complex temporal dependencies, especially in dynamic acoustic environments. To overcome these challenges, we modify the current advanced model McNet by introducing an improved version of Mamba, a state-space model, and further propose MCMamba. MCMamba has been completely reengineered to integrate full-band and narrow-band spatial information with sub-band and full-band spectral features, providing a more comprehensive approach to modeling spatial and spectral information. Our experimental results demonstrate that MCMamba significantly improves the modeling of spatial and spectral features in multichannel speech enhancement, outperforming McNet and achieving state-of-the-art performance on the CHiME-3 dataset. Additionally, we find that Mamba performs exceptionally well in modeling spectral information. © 2024, CC0.

关键词： Noise abatement

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Reconfiguring Surface Acoustic Wave Microfluidics via In Situ Control of Elastic Wave Polarization

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Physical Review Letters 2025年第3期134卷 037002-037002页

作者： Yu Gao (郜煜) Thomas Voglhuber-Brunnmaier Yuekang Li Leyla Akh Nicholas H. Patino Apresio Kefin Fajrial Massimo Ruzzene Bernhard Jakoby Xiaoyun Ding Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Institute for Microelectronics and Microsensors Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria Biomedical Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

We demonstrate in situ control of the elastic wave polarization in a surface acoustic wave (SAW). It allows us to create highly reconfigurable SAW microfluidics that can be switched on demand between the acoustohydrodynamic (AHD) regime and electrohydrodynamic (EHD) regime for manipulating particles and cells. The control of wave polarization comes from our experimental and theoretical identification of an unexpected shear-horizontal (SH) wave mode in a conventional Rayleigh (R) wave design, which is stereotyped to excite only vertically polarized Rayleigh SAWs. The SH wave mode is predominantly horizontally polarized and can be selectively excited to propagate in the same direction as the Rayleigh SAW. Such a selective wave generation between the SH mode and R mode allows for reconfiguration between AHD and EHD regimes that leads to unprecedented colloidal patterns and assembly dynamics. Such a reconfiguration of the particle manipulation mechanism can be explained by the controllable competition or synergism between the coexisting acoustic and electric fields. Remarkably, in the EHD regime, a virtual zero-boundary electric quadrupole is created, and a novel colloidal diamond-shaped assembly is observed in this piezoelectric-quadrupole trap, which was rarely reported in acoustic or electric microfluidics. The presented in situ control of polarization revolutionizes our understanding of SAW and acoustofluidics, expands its potential by assuming the advantages of AHD and EHD on demand, and inspires new strategies in micro- and nanoscale manufacturing and manipulation, with applications beyond fundamental scientific interest.

关键词： Microfluidics

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Chronic Supplementation with L-Isoleucine Alone or in Combination with Exercise Reduces Hepatic Cholesterol Levels with No Effect on Serum Glucose, Insulin, or Lipids in Rats Fed a High Fructose Diet

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第5期14卷 480-493页

作者： Michael Dellogono Lyra Clark Cynthia Ferrara Mahdi Garelnabi Thomas A. Wilson Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Program University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA USA Department of Health Sciences Merrimack College North Andover MA USA Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA USA

The thought of using branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in the prevention and treatment of certain disorders is becoming increasingly popular. Individual BCAA use has been associated with improving glucose tolerance and liver disease. Previous studies have cited improvements in glucose metabolism with a single dose of L-isoleucine (ILE). However, it is still unclear whether chronic consumption of ILE has any direct benefit. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of chronic ILE supplementation alone or in combination with exercise on fasting serum glucose, insulin, lipids, and lipoprotein cholesterol levels;glucose tolerance;and hepatic lipids in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 40) were divided into Control (low fructose diet);High Fructose diet (HF);HF plus 1.5% ILE (HF + ILE);HF plus exercise (HF + EX);and HF plus 1.5% ILE and exercise (HF + ILE + EX). The HF diets consisted of 70% kcalories from fructose. After 6 weeks of treatment, no significant differences were observed between groups for changes in fasting serum glucose, insulin, lipids, or lipoprotein cholesterol levels. However, hepatic total cholesterol was significantly lower in the HF + ILE + EX compared to the Control and HF, while, the HF + ILE had significantly lower hepatic free cholesterol compared to the HF. We also found no differences between groups for serum glucose response following an oral glucose tolerance test. In conclusion, our study shows that ILE supplementation in rats does not influence serum glucose and lipid biomarkers but may have an influence on lipid metabolic pathways within the liver.

关键词： Isoleucine Branched-Chain Amino Acids Glucose Tolerance Insulin Cholesterol Lipids

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