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Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the HIV epidemic, 1990–2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第10期8卷 e633-e651页

作者： Jahagirdar, Deepa Walters, Magdalene K. Novotney, Amanda Brewer, Edmond D. Frank, Tahvi D. Carter, Austin Biehl, Molly H. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abhilash, E.S. Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Adekanmbi, Victor Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Aghababaei, Soodabeh Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Salih, Yusra Ahmed Aklilu, Addis Akram, Tayyaba Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Aleksandrova, Ekaterina A. Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Almustanyir, Sami Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amu, Hubert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Anvari, Davood Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Arulappan, Judie Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Darshan, B.B. Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barra, Fabio Barrow, Amadou Basu, Sanjay Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Belay, Habtamu Gebrehana Berheto, Tezera Moshago Bezabhe, Woldesellassie Mequanint Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Bisignano, Catherine Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi Boloor, Archith Boltaev, Azizbek A. Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Buonsenso, Danilo Burkart, Katrin Butt, Zahid A. Cao, Chao Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chu, Dinh-Toi Couto, Rosa A.S. Cowden, Richard G. Dachew, Berihun Assefa Dadras, Omid Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dahlawi, Saad M.A. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi das Neves, José Degenhardt, Louisa Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu Deuba, Keshab Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dhungana, Govinda Prasad Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Doan, Linh Phuong Dorostkar, Fariba Edinur, Hisham Atan Effiong, Andem Eftekharzadeh, Sahar El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Elayedath, Rajesh Elhadi, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States School of Social Work University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeones Columbia University Medical Center New York NY United States Division of Data Analytics and Delivery for Impact WHO Geneva Switzerland Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Paediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Psychiatry Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Centre for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Botany Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur Kozhikode India Clinical Sciences Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mass Communication Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Health-Care Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Population Medicine Ca

Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) aim to end HIV/AIDS as a public health threat by 2030. Understanding the current state of the HIV epidemic and its change over time is essential to this effort. This study assesses the current sex-specific HIV burden in 204 countries and territories and measures progress in the control of the epidemic. Methods: To estimate age-specific and sex-specific trends in 48 of 204 countries, we extended the Estimation and Projection Package Age-Sex Model to also implement the spectrum paediatric model. We used this model in cases where age and sex specific HIV-seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care-clinic sentinel surveillance data were available. For the remaining 156 of 204 locations, we developed a cohort-incidence bias adjustment to derive incidence as a function of cause-of-death data from vital registration systems. The incidence was input to a custom Spectrum model. To assess progress, we measured the percentage change in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 (threshold >75% decline), the ratio of incident cases to number of people living with HIV (incidence-to-prevalence ratio threshold <0·03), and the ratio of incident cases to deaths (incidence-to-mortality ratio threshold <1·0). Findings: In 2019, there were 36·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 35·1–38·9) people living with HIV worldwide. There were 0·84 males (95% UI 0·78–0·91) per female living with HIV in 2019, 0·99 male infections (0·91–1·10) for every female infection, and 1·02 male deaths (0·95–1·10) per female death. Global progress in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 was driven by sub-Saharan Africa (with a 28·52% decrease in incident cases, 95% UI 19·58–35·43, and a 39·66% decrease in deaths, 36·49–42·36). Elsewhere, the incidence remained stable or increased, whereas deaths generally decreased. In 2019, the global incidence-to-prevalence ratio was 0·05 (95% UI 0·05–0·06) and the global incidence-to-mortality ratio was

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Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–18: a modelling study

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第6期8卷 e363-e375页

作者： Sartorius, Benn VanderHeide, John D. Yang, Mingyou Goosmann, Erik A. Hon, Julia Haeuser, Emily Cork, Michael A. Perkins, Samantha Jahagirdar, Deepa Schaeffer, Lauren E. Serfes, Audrey L. LeGrand, Kate E. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abebo, Zeleke Hailemariam Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adegbosin, Adeyinka Emmanuel Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Akalu, Yonas Akinyemi, Oluwaseun Oladapo Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Aklilu, Addis Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Noore Alamneh, Alehegn Aderaw Alanzi, Turki M. Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Tilahun Alipour, Vahid Amini, Saeed Ancuceanu, Robert Ansari, Fereshteh Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew Anvari, Davood Anwer, Razique Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Asghari Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asmare, Wondwossen Niguse Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atreya, Alok Ausloos, Marcel Awedew, Atalel Fentahun Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Basu, Sanjay Bayati, Mohsen Bedi, Neeraj Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M. Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bibi, Sadia Bikbov, Boris Birhan, Tsegaye Adane Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Bockarie, Moses John Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath Butt, Zahid A. Cárdenas, Rosario Carvalho, Felix Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Cook, Aubrey J. Cormier, Natalie Maria Cowden, Richard G. Culquichicon, Carlos Dagnew, Baye Dahlawi, Saad M.A. D Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom The George Institute for Global Health University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Insights Program Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Seattle WA United States Global Programs Medical Teams International Seattle WA United States Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA United States Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia College of Medicine and Health Science Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Nursing Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Biomedical Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Brehan

Background: High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to estimate HIV prevalence at the second administrative level in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for 2000–18 and sought data on the number of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) by second-level administrative unit. We then modified the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) to use these HIV prevalence and treatment estimates to estimate HIV incidence and mortality by second-level administrative unit. Findings: The estimates suggest substantial variation in HIV incidence and mortality rates both between and within countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with 15 countries having a ten-times or greater difference in estimated HIV incidence between the second-level administrative units with the lowest and highest estimated incidence levels. Across all 44 countries in 2018, HIV incidence ranged from 2·8 (95% uncertainty interval 2·1–3·8) in Mauritania to 1585·9 (1369·4–1824·8) cases per 100 000 people in Lesotho and HIV mortality ranged from 0·8 (0·7–0·9) in Mauritania to 676·5 (513·6–888·0) deaths per 100 000 people in Lesotho. Variation in both incidence and mortality was substantially greater at the subnational level than at the national level and the highest estimated rates were accordingly higher. Among second-level administrative units, Guijá District, Gaza Province, Mozambique,

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Fine control of carbon-polyelectrolyte thin film sensors sensitivity for human motion monitoring

Fine control of carbon-polyelectrolyte thin film sensors sen...

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Fifth Asia International Symposium on Mechatronics (AISM 2015)

作者： S. Seo J. J. Park Y. T. Park Myongji University Seodaemun-gu Seoul KR Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+Graduate Program) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Myongji University 116 Myongji-ro Cheoin-gu Youngin Gyeonggi-do 449-728 Republic of Korea

Carbon nanomaterials have emerged as highly promising nanomaterials for recent thirty years. There have been numerous researches regarding potential applications of carbon nanomaterials due to their outstanding properties which originate from the network of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms. In this regard, it is also reported that a variety of functional composites or hybrid materials with carbon nanomaterials result in novel applications as well as synergistic enhancements in target properties. In this study, multi-functional polymer/graphene nanoplatelet multilayer composite films were fabricated by layer-by-layer assembly. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), two-dimensional carbon nanomaterials provide not only excellent electrical conductivity but barrier property for gas molecules. Layer-by-layer assembly is a simple, inexpensive bottom-up techniques for multilayer film deposition with easy control of inner structures. In this study, transparent conductor for next generation flexible electronics was considered as a potential application of layer-by-layer assembled polymer/GNP multilayer composites films. GNP coating on thin polymer substrates was expected to be applicable to flexible display applications, while metal oxides such as indium tin oxide have a limitation due to its mechanical fragility. Thus, electrically conductive layer-by-layer assembled GNP films which shows gas barrier property as well as mechanical flexibility could be fabricated with low material and processing cost. Though thermal annealing and acid treatment on GNP films effectively lowered the sheet resistance of the films, their transmittance and sheet resistance still need to improve further to be used as transparent conductors for flexible display applications. Meanwhile, further efforts must be focused on the possibility of other applications.

关键词： Carbon nanotube Conductive electrode Graphene Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly Strain sensor Surface resistance fine control graphene Carbon Nanotubes BARRIER PROPERTIES economic indicators flexible displays Carbon Nanomaterials strain sensors thin film sensors functional composite material assemblies multilayers Composite films

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Abstracts from the 8th International Conference on cGMP Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications : Bamberg, Germany. 23-25 June, 2017

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BMC pharmacology & toxicology 2017年第SUPPL 1期18卷 64-64页

作者： Todd Milne, G. Sandner, Peter Lincoln, Kathleen A. Harrison, Paul C. Chen, Hongxing Wang, Hong Clifford, Holly Qian, Hu Sheng Wong, Diane Sarko, Chris Fryer, Ryan Richman, Jeremy Reinhart, Glenn A. Boustany, Carine M. Pullen, Steven S. Andresen, Henriette Moltzau, Lise Román Cataliotti, Alessandro Levy, Finn Olav Lukowski, Robert Frankenreiter, Sandra Friebe, Andreas Calamaras, Timothy Baumgartner, Robert McLaughlin, Angela Aronovitz, Mark Baur, Wendy Wang, Guang-Rong Kapur, Navin Karas, Richard Blanton, Robert Hell, Stefan Waldman, Scott A. Lin, Jieru E. Colon-Gonzalez, Francheska Kim, Gilbert W. Blomain, Erik S. Merlino, Dante Snook, Adam Erdmann, Jeanette Wobst, Jana Kessler, Thorsten Schunkert, Heribert Walter, Ulrich Pagel, Oliver Walter, Elena Gambaryan, Stepan Smolenski, Albert Jurk, Kerstin Zahedi, Rene Klinger, James R. Benza, Raymond L. Corris, Paul A. Langleben, David Naeije, Robert Simonneau, Gérald Meier, Christian Colorado, Pablo Chang, Mi Kyung Busse, Dennis Hoeper, Marius M. Masferrer, Jaime L. Jacobson, Sarah Liu, Guang Sarno, Renee Bernier, Sylvie Zhang, Ping Flores-Costa, Roger Currie, Mark Hall, Katherine Möhrle, Dorit Reimann, Katrin Wolter, Steffen Wolters, Markus Mergia, Evanthia Eichert, Nicole Geisler, Hyun-Soon Ruth, Peter Feil, Robert Zimmermann, Ulrike Koesling, Doris Knipper, Marlies Rüttiger, Lukas Tanaka, Yasutake Okamoto, Atsuko Nojiri, Takashi Kumazoe, Motofumi Tokudome, Takeshi Miura, Koichi Hino, Jun Hosoda, Hiroshi Miyazato, Mikiya Kangawa, Kenji Kapil, Vikas Ahluwalia, Amrita Paolocci, Nazareno Eaton, Philip Campbell, James C. Henning, Philipp Franz, Eugen Sankaran, Banumathi Herberg, Friedrich W. Kim, Choel Wittwer, M. Luo, Q. Kaila, V. Dames, S. A. Tobin, Andrew Alam, Mahmood Rudyk, Olena Krasemann, Susanne Hartmann, Kristin Prysyazhna, Oleksandra Zhang, Min Zhao, Lan Weiss, Astrid Schermuly, Ralph Moyes, Amie J. Chu, Sandy M. Baliga, Reshma S. Hobbs, Adrian J. Michalakis, Stylianos Mühlfriedel, Regine Schön, Christian Fischer, Dominik M. Wilhelm, Barbara Zobor, Ditta Kohl, Ironwood Pharmaceuticals Cambridge USA Bayer AG Drug Discovery - Cardiovascular Research Wuppertal Germany Department of Cardiometabolic Diseases Research Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Ridgefield USA Department of Small Molecule Drug Research Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Ridgefield USA Department of Pharmacology University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway Institute of Experimental Medical Research University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway Center for Heart Failure Research University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway Department of Pharmacology Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy Institute of Pharmacy University of Tuebingen Tuebingen Germany Physiologisches Institut Universität Würzburg Würzburg Germany Molecular Cardiology Research Institute Tufts Medical Center Boston USA Present Affiliation: Division of Cardiology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh USA Present Affiliation: Department of Medicine Brown University School of Medicine Providence USA Division of Cardiology Tufts Medical Center Boston USA Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia USA Institut für Kardiogenetik and Universitäres Herzzentrum Lübeck Universität zu Lübeck Lübeck Germany & DZHK e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck Lübeck Germany Deutsches Herzzentrum München Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen Technische Universität München Munich Germany Center for Thrombosis & Hemostasis Universitätsklinikum der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Mainz Germany Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V Dortmund Germany Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Russia UCD Conway Institute UCD School of Medicine

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Pueraria lobata (Kudzu) photosystem i improves the photoelectrochemical performance of silicon

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Industrial Biotechnology 2013年第1期9卷 37-41页

作者： Gunther, Darlene Leblanc, Gabriel Cliffel, David E. Kane Jennings, G. Interdisciplinary Materials Science Graduate Program Vanderbilt University Nashville TN United States Department of Chemistry Vanderbilt University Nashville TN United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt University 2301 Vanderbilt Place Nashville TN 37235 United States

Photosystem I (PSI), a protein complex found within the thylakoid membrane of green plants and some bacteria, drives nature's 90-terawatt solar energy conversion process known as photosynthesis. Kudzu (Pueraria lobata) is an invasive vine from eastern Asia that grows in the southern United States, spreading at ∼500 km2 per year and causing extensive environmental damage. This article reports the first integration of nature's optimized solar energy converter-PSI from the fast-growing, invasive leaves of kudzu-with the ubiquitous platform of integrated circuits-silicon-to prepare a "wet" photoelectrochemical cell. Herein, we report on the success of PSI films extracted from the kudzu leaf and deposited on boron-doped silicon (p-Si) to enhance photoelectrochemical current over p-Si alone. © 2013, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

关键词： Solar energy

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engineering Microorganisms for Biomedical and Energy Applications

Engineering Microorganisms for Biomedical and Energy Applica...

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第八届全国微全分析系统学术会议、第三届全国微纳尺度生物分离分析学术会议暨第五届国际微化学与微系统学术会议

作者： I-Ming Hsing Danhui Cheng Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering the Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SARChina Division of Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Graduate Programthe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Division of Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Graduate Program the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

The availability of technologies to rapidly synthesize and decode genetic sequences has provided new applications for recombinant DNA technology and genetic engineering developed in early *** new genetic engineering approach,also coined as synthetic biology by many scientists,often involves engineering of microorganism through expression of heterologous gene segments in the microbial *** ability to engineer microorganisms empowered with tailor-made characteristics has provided exciting opportunities in different areas of *** instance,drug synthesis and novel drug delivery methods based on engineered bacteria strains have been extensively studied in biomedical ***,various synthetic biology approaches have been proposed to construct novel metabolic pathways in order to achieve higher yield in bioenergy & biofuel production,such as in ethanol fermentation,hydrogen production and bioelectricity generation through a microbial fuel *** this plenary presentation,we will start with an overview of this very exciting technology (*** biology),followed by a detailed discussion of two related projects in my *** the first part,we utilized yeast display technology for developing a new cell-based immunoassay *** the second one,we engineered photosynthetic bacteria to rewire its indigenous electron transfer pathway in pursuit of converting solar energy to ***,for the interests of our microfluidic community,some thoughts and opportunities of studying and utilizing engineered microorganisms in a microfluidic platform will be discussed.

关键词： Synthetic Biology Genetic engineering Yeast Surface Display Photosynthetic Bacteria

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engineering Rhodobacter Sphaeroides for direct electron transfer by heterogenous expression of redoxactive components from electrogenic species

Engineering Rhodobacter Sphaeroides for direct electron tran...

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Food, Pharmaceutical and Bioengineering Division 2013 - Core programming Area at the 2013 AIChE Annual Meeting: Global Challenges for engineering a Sustainable Future

作者： Cheng, Danhui Wang, Wanyang Chow, King L. Hsing, I.-Ming Bioengineering Graduate Program Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Division of Biomedical Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Division of Life Science Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong

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Metabolomics and network biology for sensitive monitoring of how growth environment changes affect the physiology of industrial-scale perfusion cultures

Metabolomics and network biology for sensitive monitoring of...

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12th IFAC Symposium on Computer Applications in Biotechnology, CAB 2013

作者： Vernardis, S.I. Goudar, C.T. Klapa, M.I. Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology Laboratory Institute of Chemical Engineering Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas Patras GR-265 04 Greece Cell Culture Development Global Biological Development Bayer HealthCare 800 Dwight Way Berkeley CA 94710 United States Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Informatics in Life Sciences Medical School University of Patras Greece Cell Science and Technology AMGEN Inc. Thousand Oaks CA 91320 United States Depts. of Chemical and Biomolecular Eng. and Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783902823588

Metabolomic analysis can indeed enhance the prime variable dataset for the monitoring of perfusion cultures by providing a higher resolution view of the metabolic state. Metabolic profiles can capture physiological state shifts over the course of the perfusion cultures and indicate a metabolic "signature" of the phase transitions, which is not observable from prime variable data. Notably, metabolomics provides orthogonal (to prime variables) evidence that all cultures follow this same metabolic state shift with cell age, independently of bioreactor scale. Additionally, this analysis can increase the information content of process development experiments by helping better understand the impact of changes in bioreactor operating conditions on cell physiology. In this context, metabolic profiling could be integrated into the monitoring of cell physiology in perfusion cultures. © IFAC.

关键词： Bioreactors

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Metabolomics and Network Biology for sensitive monitoring of how growth environment changes affect the physiology of industrial-scale perfusion cultures

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2013年第31期46卷 227-232页

作者： S.I. Vernardis C.T. Goudar M.I. Klapa Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology Laboratory Institute of Chemical Engineering Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas Patras GR- 265 04 Greece Cell Culture Development Global Biological Development Bayer HealthCare 800 Dwight Way Berkeley CA 94710 Interdepartmental Graduate Program in “Informatics in Life Sciences” Medical School University of Patras Greece & Current Address: Cell Science and Technology AMGEN Inc. Thousand Oaks CA 91320 USA Secondary Affiliation: Depts of Chemical & Biomolecular Eng and Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA

Metabolomic analysis can indeed enhance the prime variable dataset for the monitoring of perfusion cultures by providing a higher resolution view of the metabolic state. Metabolic profiles can capture physiological state shifts over the course of the perfusion cultures and indicate a metabolic “signature” of the phase transitions, which is not observable from prime variable data. Notably, metabolomics provides orthogonal (to prime variables) evidence that all cultures follow this same metabolic state shift with cell age, independently of bioreactor scale. Additionally, this analysis can increase the information content of process development experiments by helping better understand the impact of changes in bioreactor operating conditions on cell physiology. In this context, metabolic profiling could be integrated into the monitoring of cell physiology in perfusion cultures.

关键词： industrial cell culture engineering GC-MS metabolomics perfusion cultures multivariate statistical analysis metabolic network reconstruction growth environmental variations

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Phosphors as sensors for radiation-induced displacement damage

Phosphors as sensors for radiation-induced displacement dama...

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2012 MRS Spring Meeting

作者： Gollub, S.L. Harl, R.R. Weeden-Wright, S.L. Rogers, B.R. Walker, D.G. Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt University United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt University United States Department of Electrical Engineering Vanderbilt University United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781627482646

The radiation-induced displacement damage in yttrium borate (YBO 3) is studied under X-ray, proton, and alpha irradiation. The photoluminescence (PL) was tested before and after irradiation to determine whether damage occurred and whether it could be queried by examining the PL spectrum. Two different dopants (cerium and europium) were used to activate the phosphor because each provides not only a different spectral signature but also a different mechanism for altering the spectrum between the pre- and post-PL measurements. X-rays, being primarily ionizing radiation, did not show any significant change between the pre and post measurements. We expected protons and alphas to damage the crystal structure, evidence of which could be seen in the change in the spectra before and after irradiation. However, we found no change under alpha exposure (3.6 × 1010 particles/cm 2) and a significant change after proton exposure (5 × 10 15 particles/cm2). While the material appears to be sensitive to protons, we cannot rule out its sensitivity to alphas because the alpha fluence may be too low to show an effect. This result provides strong indication that our materials are being damaged by particle radiation and that the radiation effects can be quantified. © 2012 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Phosphors

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