Two models of sedimentation in a density gradient are analyzed. The first is for sedimentation in cylindrical sector geometry and contains the assumption that diffusion can be neglected. The second treats sedimentatio...
Two models of sedimentation in a density gradient are analyzed. The first is for sedimentation in cylindrical sector geometry and contains the assumption that diffusion can be neglected. The second treats sedimentation in a rectangular field and includes diffusion, although the boundaries are not treated exactly. In both of these models we approximate the time dependence of the gradient by a relaxation form. We derive exact results for both models. It is also shown that the sedimentation coefficient can be calculated from data by following the motion of the position of the maximum (or minimum) of the concentration gradient.
作者：
Vasta, J.Pohler, C.Becker, H.Winter, R.Mr. Vasta is Head of Hull Structures Branch
Naval Ship Engineering Center of the Dept. of the Navy with the responsibility for hull structural design of surface ships and submarines and for planning initiating and technically monitoring research in the field of structural mechanics. Mr. Vasta attended New York University receiving the Bachelor of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering in 1930 and took postgraduate work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology receiving the Master of Science degree in 1931. He worked in the Structural Mechanics Group of the U. S. Experimental Model Basin from 1931 to 1938. After a short duty at the Headquarters of the U. S. Coast Guard he joined the U. S. Maritime Commission where between 1939 and 1948 he held various positions of responsibility in the Technical Division. Subsequently he joined the former Bureau of Ships first as Head of the Scientific and Research Section from 1948 to 1964 and later as Assistant Chief Naval Architect for Engineering Sciences in the Naval Ship Engineering Center from 1965 to 1966. Mr. Vasta is a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineering and of the American Welding Society and is active in many research panels and committees including the Ship Structure Committee and panels in the Welding Research Council. He is chairman of the Hull Structures Committee of the Society of Naval Architects and chairman of the “Fatigue” panel of the International Ship Structure Congress. Mr. Pohler is Head of the Submarine Structural Mechanics Unit
Hull Structures Branch of the Naval Ship Engineering Center with responsibility principally for technical direction of the Navy's submarine structural research program and for development of design criteria for submarine hulls. Mr. Pohler attended the University of Houston receiving the Bachelor of Science degree in Architectural Engineering in 1956 took postgraduate work at the University of California receiving the Master of Engineering degree in Naval Architecture in 1959. He wor
Report of study on stresses in hatches, windows, and adjacent regions in penetrated spheres under external pressure for use in deep submergence structures, using three-dimensional photoelasticity;stress distributions ...
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Report of study on stresses in hatches, windows, and adjacent regions in penetrated spheres under external pressure for use in deep submergence structures, using three-dimensional photoelasticity;stress distributions from conical hatches and windows are compared with available results obtained from testing of models and prototype bathyspheres, and conclusions are developed relating to strength and design of hatches and windows;results obtained from pressurizing small conical windows under constant long-term loading, as preliminary index of tendency of plexiglas windows to creep in service, are included.
Quadrant analysis is a simple, but quite useful, turbulence data-processing technique that has been widely used, principally in the investigation of turbulent shear flows. This article traces the origins of the techni...
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Quadrant analysis is a simple, but quite useful, turbulence data-processing technique that has been widely used, principally in the investigation of turbulent shear flows. This article traces the origins of the technique and reviews how it has been applied during the more than 40 years since it was conceived. Applications are highlighted that have expanded the technique beyond its original formulation.
The magnetic susceptibility of oxidized and reduced spinach ferredoxin has been measured over the temperature range 77-250°K. Anomalous behavior is observed in both oxidation states and the data can be interprete...
Antibody-based therapeutics constitute a rapidly growing class of pharmaceutical compounds. However, monoclonal antibodies, which specifically engage only one target, often lack the mechanistic intricacy to treat comp...
Antibody-based therapeutics constitute a rapidly growing class of pharmaceutical compounds. However, monoclonal antibodies, which specifically engage only one target, often lack the mechanistic intricacy to treat complex diseases. To expand the utility of antibody therapies, significant efforts have been invested in designing multispecific antibodies, which engage multiple targets using a single molecule. These efforts have culminated in remarkable translational progress, including nine US Food and Drug Administration–approved multispecific antibodies, with countless others in various stages of preclinical or clinical development. In this review, we discuss several categories of multispecific antibodies that have achieved clinical approval or shown promise in earlier stages of development. We focus on the molecular mechanisms used by multispecific antibodies and how these mechanisms inform their customized design and formulation. In particular, we discuss multispecific antibodies that target multiple disease markers, multiparatopic antibodies, and immune-interfacing antibodies. Overall, these innovative multispecific antibody designs are fueling exciting advances across the immunotherapeutic landscape.
作者：
FROSCH, ROBERT A.Robert A. Frosch was appointed Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Research and Development on July 1
1966. In this capacity he is responsible for formulation and management of the Navy's Research Development Test and Evaluation program. In addition he is responsible for policy guidance of Navy work in Oceanography. In July 1966 he was designated Chairman of the Interagency Committee on Oceanography
which was reconstituted in July 1967 as the Interagency Committee on Marine Research Education and Facilities (ICMREF). This Committee reports directly to the National Council on Marine Resources and Engineering Development chaired by the Vice President. As Chairman of ICMREF Dr. Frosch has contributed to the national oceanographic program and to the Navy's role in ocean sciences and engineering. In November 1967 Dr. Frosch was Chairman of the United States Delegation to the Fifth Session of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission which met in Paris. Dr. Frosch entered Government service in 1963 when he joined the Department of Defense as Director of Nuclear Test Detection (Project VELA)
Advanced Research Projects Agency. In 1965 he became Deputy Director of the Advanced Research Projects Agency and remained in that position until becoming Assistant Secretary of the Navy. Prior to completing graduate work
Dr. Frosch joined Hudson Laboratories of Columbia University in 1951 as a scientist. He held various positions of increasing responsibility until appointed Director in 1956 which position he held until 1963. While at Hudson Laboratories he was involved in cooperative research with the Office of Naval Research on projects in underwater sound and related marine matters applicable to undersea warfare. He took part in various seagoing research projects. He served as a member of various anti-submarine warfare and oceanographic advisory committees to the Navy and to the Department of Defense. He has written numerous scientific and technical articles. In early 1966 Dr. Frosch received the Arthur S. Flemmin
Two non-heme iron proteins, adrenodoxin and spinach ferredoxin, which are similar to each other in many respects but differ in that their electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) signals are axially symmetric and rhombic...
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Two non-heme iron proteins, adrenodoxin and spinach ferredoxin, which are similar to each other in many respects but differ in that their electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) signals are axially symmetric and rhombic, respec-tively, have been investigated for their optical activity, in order to characterize further the symmetry of the ligand field of iron in these proteins. Circular dichroism spectra of the oxidized and reduced proteins were obtained from 700 to 300 m[mu] and analyzed in terms of individual Gaussian components. Unexpectedly, it was found that the optical activity of the two proteins is very similar, differing only by minor shifts in wavelength and intensity of the individual components, and by the occurrence of weak additional bands at the fringes of the spectra of ferredoxin. Low-temperature optical spectra of the proteins are given.
The modes of Pacific decadal-scale variability (PDV), traditionally defined as statistical patterns of variance, reflect to first order the ocean's integration (i.e., reddening) of atmospheric forcing that ar...
The modes of Pacific decadal-scale variability (PDV), traditionally defined as statistical patterns of variance, reflect to first order the ocean's integration (i.e., reddening) of atmospheric forcing that arises from both a shift and a change in strength of the climatological (time-mean) atmospheric circulation. While these patterns concisely describe PDV, they do not distinguish among the key dynamical processes driving the evolution of PDV anomalies, including atmospheric and ocean teleconnections and coupled feedbacks with similar spatial structures that operate on different timescales. In this review, we synthesize past analysis using an empirical dynamical model constructed from monthly ocean surface anomalies drawn from several reanalysis products, showing that the PDV modes of variance result from two fundamental low-frequency dynamical eigenmodes: the North Pacific–central Pacific (NP-CP) and Kuroshio–Oyashio Extension (KOE) modes. Both eigenmodes highlight how two-way tropical–extratropical teleconnection dynamics are the primary mechanisms energizing and synchronizing the basin-scale footprint of PDV. While the NP-CP mode captures interannual- to decadal-scale variability, the KOE mode is linked to the basin-scale expression of PDV on decadal to multidecadal timescales, including contributions from the South Pacific.
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