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arXiv 2023年

作者： Calabrese, Vincenzo Santos, Tatiana Porto Lopez, Carlos G. Lettinga, Minne Paul Haward, Simon J. Shen, Amy Q. Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Okinawa904-0495 Japan RWTH Aachen University Institute of Physical Chemistry Landoltweg 2 Aachen52074 Germany ICS-3 Institut für Weiche Materie Forschungszentrum Jülich JülichD-52425 Germany Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200D LeuvenB-3001 Belgium

Polymers and rod-like colloids (PaRC) adopt a favorable orientation under sufficiently strong flows. However, how the flow kinematics affect the alignment of such nanostructures according to their extensibility remains unclear. By analysing the shear- and extension-induced alignment of chemically and structurally different PaRC, we show that extensibility is a key determinant of the structural response to the imposed kinematics. We propose a unified description of the effectiveness of extensional flow, compared to shearing flow, at aligning PaRC of different extensibility. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Alignment

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The Effect of Temperature Variations on Wood's Metal Plate Melting Simulation by Using MPS 6

The Effect of Temperature Variations on Wood's Metal Plate M...

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6th International Conference on Advances in Nuclear science and Engineering, ICANSE 2018

作者： Hidayati, Anni Nuril Waris, Abdul Andi Mustari, Asril Pramutadi Apriani, Nur Asiah Ifthacharo, Melati Wulandari, Rindi Master Program of Physics Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Nuclear Physics and Biophysics Research Division Physics Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia

Two-dimensional simulation of Wood's Metal Plate (WMP) Melting Process has been conducted by varying the molten temperature. This simulation was performed by using Moving Particle Semi-Implicit (MPS) method which can calculate the Navier-Stokes and heat transfer equation without divining mesh system. As a substitute, particles are selected to represent every part of simulation such as fluid, wall and dummy type. The experiment of WMP melting process has been conducted by Sudha (2018). The molten Wood's Metal was originally set at 573 K. In this simulation, the holes formation in WMP will be investigated as a consequence of molten temperature variation. Furthermore, temperature distribution at top side of WMP and solid-liquid phase change will be analyzed for initial temperature of molten are 523 K, 473 K and 423 K. The results show that the phases change significantly in a short time when the molten temperature is increased. However, until the end of simulation which on 1.5 s just for molten temperature 573 K shows the breaching process to the WMP. This study can be implemented when the reactor nuclear severe accident happened. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Temperature distribution

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A Comparative Study of Th-U233 and Th-Pu Molten-Salt Reactor (MSR) with 2-region core 6

A Comparative Study of Th-U233 and Th-Pu Molten-Salt Reactor...

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6th International Conference on Advances in Nuclear science and Engineering, ICANSE 2018

作者： Ifthacharo, M. Permana, S. Saputra, G. Master Program of Physics Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Nuclear Physics and Biophysics Research Division Physics Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia

Sustainable closed fuel cycle and inherent safety are one of the key aspects of Generation IV reactor design. Hence Molten salt reactor (MSR) is chosen as one of the candidates of Generation IV reactor concepts. FUJI-U2 or MSR-2R is a 2-region core MSR design that was proposed as a possible simplification of FUJI-U3 (3-region core). Taking into consideration that uranium-233 doesn't exist naturally, FUJI-U2 utilize both plutonium and uranium-233 as a fissile material. To understand the characteristics further, a comparative study of 2-region core MSR with Th-U233 and Th-Pu as fuel has been carried out. Nuclear analysis code SRAC2006 with the nuclear data library of JENDL4.0 was used, and CITATION was employed to validate the core. The design parameters set for each region are fuel composition, core radius, and fuel fraction. The simulation burn up calculation is set to 2000 days in total, with 21 step each for 100 days cycle. Neutron multiplication factor, fuel elemental, burn up calculation, conversion ratio, and neutron flux in each core will be discussed. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Molten salt reactor

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Structural insights into light harvesting by antenna-containing rhodopsins in marine Asgard archaea

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Nature microbiology 2025年第6期10卷 1484-1500页

作者： Gali Tzlil María Del Carmen Marín Yuma Matsuzaki Probal Nag Shota Itakura Yosuke Mizuno Shunya Murakoshi Tatsuki Tanaka Shirley Larom Masae Konno Rei Abe-Yoshizumi Ana Molina-Márquez Daniela Bárcenas-Pérez José Cheel Michal Koblížek Rosa León Kota Katayama Hideki Kandori Igor Schapiro Wataru Shihoya Osamu Nureki Keiichi Inoue Andrey Rozenberg Ariel Chazan Oded Béjà Faculty of Biology Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel. Physical and Analytical Chemistry Department University of Jaén Jaén Spain. Department of Biological Sciences Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan. Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics Research Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel. Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan. The Institute for Solid State Physics The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Japan. Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Experimental Sciences Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR) University of Huelva Huelva Spain. Centre Algatech Institute of Microbiology Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic. Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic. OptoBioTechnology Research Center Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan. Department of Physics Technische Universität Dortmund Germany. Research Center Chemical Sciences and Sustainability University Alliance Ruhr Bochum Germany. Department of Biological Sciences Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan. wtrshh9@***. Department of Biological Sciences Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan. nureki@bs.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp. The Institute for Solid State Physics The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Japan. inoue@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp. Faculty of Biology Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel. alephreish@***. Faculty of Biology Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel. achazan@ethz.ch. Institute of Environmental Engineering ETH Zurich Switzerland. achazan@ethz.ch. Faculty of Biology Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel. beja@technion.ac.il. The Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP) Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel. beja@technion.ac.il.

Aquatic bacterial rhodopsin proton pumps harvest light energy for photoheterotrophic growth and are known to contain hydroxylated carotenoids that expand the wavelengths of light utilized, but these have not been characterized in marine archaea. Here, by combining a marine chromophore extract with purified archaeal rhodopsins identified in marine metagenomes, we show light energy transfer from diverse hydroxylated carotenoids to heimdallarchaeial rhodopsins (HeimdallRs) from uncultured marine planktonic members of 'Candidatus Kariarchaeaceae' ('Candidatus Asgardarchaeota'). These light-harvesting antennas absorb in the blue-light range and transfer energy to the green-light-absorbing retinal chromophore within HeimdallRs, enabling the use of light that is otherwise unavailable to the rhodopsin. Furthermore, we show elevated proton pumping by the antennas in HeimdallRs under white-light illumination, which better simulates the light conditions encountered by these archaea in their natural habitats. Our results indicate that light-harvesting antennas in microbial rhodopsins exist in families beyond xanthorhodopsins and proteorhodopsins and are present in both marine bacteria and archaea.

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Cu/Co（OH）2/Ti3C2（OH）X-MXene的原位电化学活化用于增强肼电氧化辅助制氢

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science China Materials 2025年

作者：王永靖项坤罗鑫黄熙邹菁王定胜江吉周 School of Materials Science and Engineering School of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Green and Efficient Development of Phosphorus ResourcesEngineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced MaterialsWuhan Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and DevicesCentre for Physical Mechanics and BiophysicsSchool of PhysicsSun Yat-sen University Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University

开发高性能肼电氧化催化剂对于降低氢气生产中的能耗至关重要.本研究首先采用电沉积技术制备了一种新颖的Cu/Co（OH）2/Ti3C2（OH）X-MXene （缩写为MX）催化剂,随后通过原位电化学还原策略进行表面重构.活化后的催化剂Cu/Co/Co（OH）2...

开发高性能肼电氧化催化剂对于降低氢气生产中的能耗至关重要.本研究首先采用电沉积技术制备了一种新颖的Cu/Co（OH）2/Ti3C2（OH）X-MXene （缩写为MX）催化剂,随后通过原位电化学还原策略进行表面重构.活化后的催化剂Cu/Co/Co（OH）2/MX呈现出优异的电化学性能:在10 mA cm-2的电流密度下,其过电位低至-78 mV,塔菲尔斜率为28.7 mV dec-1.理论计算表明,MX的引入显著提高了催化剂的电导率和润湿性,从而促进了高效的质量和电子转移.此外,MX还促进了电子向Co（OH）2转移,降低了Co的氧化态,并诱导Co（OH）2发生电化学重构.Cu的加入通过将Co活性位点的d带中心从-0.867 eV降低到-0.883 eV,进一步优化了电子结构,从而增强了肼氧化过程中N2的解吸.Cu和MX之间的协同相互作用将速率决定步骤的自由能垒从0.33 eV降低到0.24 eV,大幅度提升了催化效率.因此,基于这种双功能催化剂的双电极电解槽仅需0.252 V即可实现100 mA cm-2的电流密度相较于传统的水电解系统,其电压降低了1.519 V.这项研究凸显了该催化剂在可持续“绿色氢气”生产中的潜力,为节能型氢气生产提供了一条颇具前景的途径.

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Asymmetric fluctuations and self-folding of active interfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhao, Liang Gulati, Paarth Caballero, Fernando Kolvin, Itamar Adkins, Raymond Marchetti, M. Cristina Dogic, Zvonimir Department of Physics University of California Santa Barbara Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States Department of Physics Brandeis University WalthamMA02453 United States School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States

We study the structure and dynamics of the interface separating a passive fluid from a microtubule-based active fluid. Turbulent-like active flows power giant interfacial fluctuations, which exhibit pronounced asymmetry between regions of positive and negative curvature. Experiments, numerical simulations, and theoretical arguments reveal how the interface breaks up the spatial symmetry of the fundamental bend instability to generate local vortical flows that lead to asymmetric interface fluctuations. The magnitude of interface deformations increases with activity: In the high activity limit, the interface self-folds invaginating passive droplets and generating a foam-like phase, where active fluid is perforated with passive droplets. These results demonstrate how active stresses control the structure, dynamics, and break-up of soft, deformable, and reconfigurable liquid-liquid interfaces. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Drop breakup

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Conditional Generative Modeling for Amorphous Multi-Element Materials

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Honglin Liu, Chuhao Guo, Yongfeng Luo, Xiaoshan Chen, Yijie Liu, Guangsheng Li, Yu Wang, Ruoyu Wang, Zhenyu Wu, Jianzhuo Ma, Cheng Xie, Zhuohang Lv, Jian Ding, Yufei Zhang, Huabin Luo, Jian Zhong, Zhicheng Li, Mufan Wang, Yanchao Li, Wan-Lu Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software Ministry of Education College of Physics Jilin University Changchun China Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States Institute of Molecular Engineering Plus College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing China School of Physics Nankai University Tianjin China Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai China Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States School of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou215123 China International Center of Future Science Jilin University Changchun China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States Center for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia Suzhou Lab Suzhou215123 China

Amorphous multi-element materials offer unprecedented tunability in composition and properties, yet their rational design remains challenging due to the lack of predictive structure-property relationships and the vast configurational space. Traditional modeling struggles to capture the intricate short-range order that dictates their stability and functionality. We here introduce ApolloX, a pioneering predictive framework for amorphous multi-element materials, establishing a new paradigm by integrating physics-informed generative modeling with particle swarm optimization, using chemical short-range order as an explicit constraint. By systematically navigating the disordered energy landscape, ApolloX enables the targeted design of thermodynamically stable amorphous configurations. It accurately predicts atomic-scale arrangements, including composition-driven metal clustering and amorphization trends, which are well-validated by experiments, while also guiding synthesis by leveraging sluggish diffusion to control elemental distribution and disorder. The resulting structural evolution, governed by composition, directly impacts catalytic performance, leading to improved activity and stability with increasing amorphization. This predictive-experimental synergy transforms the discovery of amorphous materials, unlocking new frontiers in catalysis, energy storage, and functional disordered systems. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Amorphization

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Nanoslot-Induced Ultrastrong Phonon-Photon and Phonon-Phonon Coupling in Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites

Nanoslot-Induced Ultrastrong Phonon-Photon and Phonon-Phonon...

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Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO/Pacific Rim)

作者： Dasom Kim Jin Hou Geon Lee Ayush Agrawal Sunghwan Kim Hao Zhang Di Bao Andrey Baydin Wenjing WU Fuyang Tay Shengxi Huang Daivd Hagenmüller Elbert E. M. Chia Dai-Sik Kim Minah Seo Aditya D. Mohite Junichiro Kono Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston TX USA Sensor System Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Physics Long-wavelength Nanotechnology Laboratory Quantum Photonics Institute Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan Republic of Korea Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore Smalley-Curl institute Rice University Houston TX USA CESQ-ISIS (UMR 7006) Universite de Strasbourg and CNRS Strasbourg France KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston TX USA

Methods for harnessing vibrational states are desired for phonon-based technologies. We realized ultrastrong coupling of two phonon modes in perovskite materials induced by ultrastrong coupling with a common photonic ... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9798350372076

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372083

关键词： Couplings Phonons Laser modes Perovskites Electro-optical waveguides Photonics

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TRABID inhibition activates cGAS/STING-mediated anti-tumor immunity through mitosis and autophagy dysregulation

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Nature Communications 2023年第1期14卷 3050-3050页

作者： Chen, Yu-Hsuan Chen, Han-Hsiun Wang, Won-Jing Chen, Hsin-Yi Huang, Wei-Syun Kao, Chien-Han Lee, Sin-Rong Yeat, Nai Yang Yan, Ruei-Liang Chan, Shu-Jou Wu, Kuen-Phon Chen, Ruey-Hwa Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei 112 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei 110 Taiwan Institute of Biochemical Sciences College of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan

Activation of tumor-intrinsic innate immunity has been a major strategy for improving immunotherapy. Previously, we reported an autophagy-promoting function of the deubiquitinating enzyme TRABID. Here, we identify a critical role of TRABID in suppressing anti-tumor immunity. Mechanistically, TRABID is upregulated in mitosis and governs mitotic cell division by removing K29-linked polyubiquitin chain from Aurora B and Survivin, thereby stabilizing the entire chromosomal passenger complex. TRABID inhibition causes micronuclei through a combinatory defect in mitosis and autophagy and protects cGAS from autophagic degradation, thereby activating the cGAS/STING innate immunity pathway. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of TRABID promotes anti-tumor immune surveillance and sensitizes tumors to anti-PD-1 therapy in preclinical cancer models in male mice. Clinically, TRABID expression in most solid cancer types correlates inversely with an interferon signature and infiltration of anti-tumor immune cells. Our study identifies a suppressive role of tumor-intrinsic TRABID in anti-tumor immunity and highlights TRABID as a promising target for sensitizing solid tumors to immunotherapy. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Mitosis Cancer microenvironment Tumour immunology Macroautophagy

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Comment: Non-classical nucleation towards separation and recycling science: Iron and aluminium (Oxy)(hydr)oxides

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CURRENT OPINION IN COLLOID & INTERFACE science 2020年 46卷 128-129页

作者： Mirabello, Giulia Ianiro, Alessandro Bomans, Paul H. H. Arakaki, Atsushi Yoda, Takuto Friedrich, Heiner With, Gijsbertus de [a]Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism Institute of Physics École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland [b]Group of BioPhysics Adolphe Merkle Institute Fribourg Switzerland [c]Center for Multiscale Electron Microscopy Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven the Netherlands [d]Division of Biotechnology and Life Science Institute of Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan [e]Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Center for Multiscale Electron Microscopy Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven the Netherlands [f]Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven the Netherlands

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