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Understanding and conceptualizing eSports among behavioural addictions: A brief overview of the literature.

Emerging Trends in Drugs, Addictions, and Health 2022年 2卷 100048-100048页

作者： Ramella-Zampa, Benedetta Carbone, Giuseppe Alessio Panno, Angelo Santos, Matheus Imperatori, Claudio Budde, Henning Murillo-Rodriguez, Eric Yamamoto, Tetsuya Machado, Sergio Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory Department of Human Science European University of Rome Rome Italy Physical Activity Sciences Post-Graduate Program (PGCAF) Salgado de Oliveira University Niterói Brazil Faculty of Human Sciences Institute for Systems Medicine Medical School Hamburg Hamburg Germany Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas Escuela de Medicina División Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Anáhuac Mayab Yucatán Mérida 97302 Mexico Graduate School of Technology Industrial and Social Sciences The University of Tokushima Tokushima Japan Department of Sports Methods and Techniques Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil Laboratory of Physical Activity Neurosciense Neurodiversity Institute RJ Queimados Brazil

The aim of the current overview was to present the existing literature on the recent phenomenon of eSports. Using a multifaceted approach, we focused on its definitions, historical development, and classification, drawing attention to key disputes that exist between scholars. Furthermore, we investigated the debate on whether eSports should be considered a traditional sport or not, with a particular interest in two processes that have contributed to eSports’ development as a culturally-significant addition to the world of sports, as both a game and an occupation: sportification and professionalization. Lastly, we analysed studies on spectatorship and consumption to understand why people watch and play eSports pointing out data about the recent relationship between practice and the possible development of eSport's addiction, gambling, and the related impact on individual health and wellbeing. © 2022

关键词： Behavioural addiction eSports Mental health Traditional sports

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Elongated Sn-Doped G-C3n4 as a Novel Photoelectrocatalyst for Water Oxidation

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Revaprasadu, Neerish Aboubakr, Ahmed Esmail A. El Rouby, Waleed M.A. Khan, Malik Dilshad Hung, Chen-Hsiung Millet, Pierre Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology Taiwan International Graduate Program Taiwan Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica 128 Sec 2 Academia Rd. Nankang Taipei11529 Taiwan Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef62511 Egypt Department of Chemistry University of Zululand Private Bag X1001 Kwadlangezwa3886 South Africa Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 Warsaw01-224 Poland Paris-Saclay University ICMMO-Eríee UMR CNRS 8182 Orsay91405 France

The photocatalytic performance of graphitic carbon nitride can be enhanced multifold by introducing suitable dopants. Here we report the incorporation of a cost-effective, non-toxic and abundant element, i.e., tin, in one-dimensional semiconducting carbon nitride (1D-g-C3N4). Various samples with different tin doping concentrations were prepared. A novel procedure was used to introduce varying amounts of tin to the 1D- g-C3N4 framework. The new photocatalysts (Sn-1D-g-C3N4) were characterized by p-XRD and FT-IR measurements, confirming the absence of tin oxide and the formation of tin-nitrogen bonds involving the 1D-g-C3N4 backbone. The SEM, EDX, and XPS measurements demonstrated the longitudinal morphology and the presence of tin in the hybrids. BET measurements showed a relative increase in the specific surface area for the composites. The optical measurements showed enhanced solar light absorption and promoted charge carriers’ separation after insertion of Sn to1D-g-C3N4. Photoelectrochemical water dissociation measurements showed that 10% tin doping increased the activity of 1D-g-C3N4 to water photo-oxidation about four times. This improvement was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Light absorption

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Iterative annealing mechanism explains the functions of the GroEL and RNA chaperones

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Thirumalai, D. Lorimer, George H. Hyeon, Changbong Department of Chemistry University of Texas at Austin TX78712 Biophysics Program Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 Korea Institute for Advanced Study Seoul02455 Korea Republic of

Molecular chaperones are ATP-consuming biological machines, which facilitate the folding of proteins and RNA molecules that are kinetically trapped in misfolded states for long times. Unassisted folding occurs by the kinetic partitioning mechanism according to which folding to the native state, with low probability as well as misfolding to one of the many metastable states, with high probability, occur rapidly on similar time scales. GroEL is an all-purpose stochastic machine that assists misfolded substrate proteins (SPs) to fold. The RNA chaperones (CYT-19) help the folding of ribozymes that readily misfold. GroEL does not interact with the folded proteins but CYT-19 disrupts both the folded and misfolded ribozymes. Despite this major difference, the Iterative Annealing Mechanism (IAM) quantitatively explains all the available experimental data for assisted folding of proteins and ribozymes. Driven by ATP binding and hydrolysis and GroES binding, GroEL undergoes a catalytic cycle during which it samples three allosteric states, referred to as T (apo), R (ATP bound), and R" (ADP bound). In accord with the IAM predictions, analyses of the experimental data shows that the efficiency of the GroEL-GroES machinery and mutants is determined by the resetting rate kR"→T, which is largest for the wild type GroEL. Generalized IAM accurately predicts the folding kinetics of Tetrahymena ribozyme and its variants. Chaperones maximize the product of the folding rate and the steady state native state fold by driving the substrates out of equilibrium. Neither the absolute yield nor the folding rate is optimized. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： RNA

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Detecting mercury ions in water using a low-cost colorimetric sensor derived from immobilized silver nanoparticles on a paper substrate

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Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management 2022年 18卷

作者： Budlayan, Marco Laurence Dalagan, Jhonnybert Lagare-Oracion, Jeanne Phyre Patricio, Jonathan Arco, Susan Latayada, Felmer Vales, Temmy Baje, Benito Alguno, Arnold Capangpangan, Rey Department of Physics School of Science and Engineering Ateneo de Manila University Quezon City 1108 Philippines Department of Chemistry Caraga State University Butuan City 8600 Philippines Materials Science and Polymer Chemistry Laboratory Caraga State University Butuan City 8600 Philippines Materials Science Engineering Program College of Science University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory Institute of Chemistry University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines Physics Unit Philippine Science High School Central Visayas Campus Talaytay Argao 6021 Cebu Philippines Department of Physics Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology Tibanga Iligan City 9200 Philippines Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics College of Marine and Allied Sciences Mindanao State University at Naawan Poblacion Naawan 9023 Misamis Oriental Philippines

The exceptional and specific reactivity of mercury ions (Hg2+) toward plasmonic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in aqueous media has motivated the need to develop innovative, low-cost, portable, and robust sensors to hel... 详细信息

The exceptional and specific reactivity of mercury ions (Hg²⁺) toward plasmonic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in aqueous media has motivated the need to develop innovative, low-cost, portable, and robust sensors to help address the detrimental effects of heavy metal contamination particularly in rural communities. In this paper, we present the plasmonic and colorimetric sensing of Hg²⁺ using a paper-based sensing material derived from thiamine-functionalized (ThAgNPs) that were immobilized on a commercial filter paper. Plasmonic AgNPs with a surface plasmon resonance peak at 420 nm and a size of about 21.3 nm were synthesized by a chemical reduction technique. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the characteristic functional groups of thiamine in the spectra of AgNPs, thereby confirming the functionalization of AgNPs. The successful integration of ThAgNPs onto the Whatman filter paper (WFP) matrix was confirmed by the UV–vis and SEM-EDX results. An evident color change from yellowish to white was manifested by the fabricated WFP-ThAgNP sensor in the presence of Hg²⁺ with an appreciable detection of up to 0.5 µM using the naked eye. The colorimetric response of the sensor was also found to be selective towards Hg²⁺ after testing with different metal ions. Moreover, the response was consistent for tap, and creek water samples spiked with Hg²⁺. The results of this work provide a promising baseline technology for the development of an affordable, fast, portable, and reliable sensor that can be used for on-site detection and monitoring of Hg²⁺ levels in the water. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Colorimetric sensor Mercury detection Paper-based device Silver nanoparticle Thiamine

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Sn-Doped G-C3n4 as a Novel Photoelectrocatalyst for Water Oxidation

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Aboubakr, Ahmed Esmail A. Khan, Malik Dilshad Revaprasadu, Neerish Millet, Pierre Hung, Chen-Hsiung El Rouby, Waleed M.A. Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology Taiwan International Graduate Program Taiwan Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica 128 Sec 2 Academia Rd. Nankang Taipei11529 Taiwan Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef62511 Egypt Department of Chemistry University of Zululand Private Bag X1001 Kwadlangezwa3886 South Africa Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 Warsaw01-224 Poland Paris-Saclay University ICMMO-Eríee UMR CNRS 8182 Orsay91405 France

The photocatalytic performance of graphitic carbon nitride can be enhanced multifold by introducing suitable dopants. Here we report the incorporation of a cost-effective, non-toxic and abundant element, i.e., tin, in elongated semiconducting carbon nitride (g-C3N4). Various samples with different tin doping concentrations were prepared. A novel procedure was used to introduce varying amounts of tin to the g-C3N4 framework. The new photocatalysts (Sn-g-C3N4) were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and FT-IR measurements, confirming the absence of tin oxide and the formation of tin-nitrogen bonds involving the g-C3N4 backbone. The SEM, EDX, TEM and XPS measurements demonstrated the longitudinal morphology and the presence of tin in the hybrids. BET measurements showed a relative increase in the specific surface area for the composites. The optical measurements showed enhanced solar light absorption and promoted charge carriers’ separation after insertion of Sn to g-C3N4. Photoelectrochemical water dissociation measurements showed that 10% tin doping increased the activity of g-C3N4 to water photo-oxidation about four times. This improvement was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Morphology

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Identification of single- and double-well coherence-incoherence patterns by the binary distance matrix

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： dos Santos, Vagner Sales, Matheus Rolim Muni, Sishu Shankar Szezech, José D. Batista, Antonio Marcos Yanchuk, Serhiy Kurths, Jürgen Department of Mathematics and Statistics State University of Ponta Grossa PR Ponta Grossa84030-900 Brazil Ciências Exatas Naturais e Engenharias Centro Universitário UNIFATEB PR Telêmaco Borba84266-010 Brazil Graduate Program in Sciences/Physics State University of Ponta Grossa PR Ponta Grossa84030-900 Brazil Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Leibniz Association P.O. Box 6012 03 PotsdamD-14412 Germany Institute of Mathematics Humboldt University Berlin Berlin12489 Germany Department of Physical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata West Bengal Mohanpur741246 India Institute of Physics Humboldt University Berlin Berlin10099 Germany Division of Dynamics Lodz University of Technology Stefanowskiego 1/15 Lodz90-924 Poland

The study of chimera states or, more generally, coherence-incoherence patterns has led to the development of several tools for their identification and characterization. In this work, we extend the eigenvalue decomposition method to distinguish between single-well and double-well patterns. By applying our method, we are able to identify the following four types of dynamical patterns in a ring of nonlocally coupled Chua circuits and nonlocally coupled cubic maps: single-well cluster, single-well coherence-incoherence pattern, double-well cluster, and double-well coherence-incoherence. In a ring-star network of Chua circuits, we investigate the influence of adding a central node on the spatio-temporal patterns. Our results show that increasing the coupling with the central node favors the occurrence of single-well coherence-incoherence states. We observe that the boundaries of the attraction basins resemble fractal and riddled structures. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Timing circuits

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ANTARCTICA AND THE SOUTHERN OCEAN

引用

BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY 2022年第8期103卷 S312-S340页

作者： Clem, K. R. Raphael, M. N. School of Geography Environment and Earth Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand Department of Geography University of California-Los Angeles Los Angeles California Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla California Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado Earth Science and Observation Center CIRES University of Colorado Boulder Colorado Argentine Naval Hydrographic Service Buenos Aires Argentina NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton University Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program Princeton New Jersey and University Corporation for Atmospheric Research Boulder Colorado British Antarctic Survey Cambridge United Kingdom Science Systems and Applications Inc. Lanham Maryland and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt Maryland Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) DeBilt Netherlands Department of Geography Ohio University Athens Ohio Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorodo Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California NOAA/OAR Earth System Research Laboratory Global Monitoring Division and University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt Maryland Department of Physical Sciences School of Arts and Sciences Madison Area Technical College and Space Science and Engineering Center University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin Australian Bureau of Meteorology and Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS) University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory and Princeton University Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program Princeton New Jersey Australian Antarctic Division Australian Antarctic Program Partnership (AAPP) and Austral

Antarctica and the Southern Ocean were dominated by below-average pressure and stronger than average circumpolar westerly winds through much of 2021, resulting in many new low-pressure records set across the continent. The low pressure that gripped the polar cap extended vertically through the troposphere and stratosphere and was accompanied by a persistently strong and stable polar vortex. This helped deliver the coldest winter on record to the South Pole (see Sidebar 6.1) and also helped maintain one of the longest-lived ozone holes on record (second only to the 2020 ozone hole), which did not close until 23 December. Despite the long duration of the ozone hole, its size and the minimum ozone concentrations did not reach exceptional levels, and its slow growth rate in 2021 is consistent with ongoing recovery trends. © 2022 American Meteorological Society.

关键词： Ozone

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Tidally Heated Sub-Neptunes, Refined Planetary Compositions, and Confirmation of a Third Planet in the TOI-1266 System

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Greklek-McKeon, Michael Vissapragada, Shreyas Knutson, Heather A. Fukui, Akihiko Saidel, Morgan Barrientos, Jonathan Gomez Levine, W. Garrett Behmard, Aida Batygin, Konstantin Chachan, Yayaati Vasisht, Gautam Hu, Renyu Cloutier, Ryan Latham, David López-Morales, Mercedes Vanderburg, Andrew Heffner, Carolyn Nied, Paul Milburn, Jennifer Wilson, Isaac Roderick, Diana Koviak, Kathleen Barlow, Tom Stone, John F. Kiman, Rocio Korth, Judith de Leon, Jerome P. Fukuda, Izuru Hayashi, Yuya Ikoma, Masahiro Ikuta, Kai Isogai, Keisuke Kawai, Yugo Kawauchi, Kiyoe Kusakabe, Nobuhiko Livingston, John H. Mori, Mayuko Narita, Norio Tamura, Motohide Watanabe, Noriharu Fernández-Rodríguez, Gareb Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Carnegie Science Observatories PasadenaCA91101 United States Komaba Institute for Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo153-8902 Japan Tenerife La Laguna38205 Spain Department of Astronomy Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States American Museum of Natural History 200 Central Park West New YorkNY10024 United States Department of Physics McGill University 3600 Rue University MontrealQCH3A 2T8 Canada Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive PasadenaCA91109 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy McMaster University 1280 Main St West HamiltonONL8S 4L8 Canada Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden St CambridgeMA02138 United States Space Telescope Science Institute 3700 San Martin Drive BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Physics Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave CambridgeMA02139 United States Division of Physics Mathematics & Astronomy California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Lund Observatory Division of Astrophysics Department of Physics Lund University Box 118 Lund22100 Sweden Department of Multi-Disciplinary Sciences Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The University of Tokyo 3-8-1 Komaba Meguro Tokyo153-8902 Japan Division of Science National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Okayama Observatory Kyoto University 3037-5 Honjo Kamogatacho Asakuchi Okayama719-0232 Japan Department of Physical Sciences Ritsumeikan University Shiga Kusatsu525-8577 Japan Astrobiology Center 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Astronomical Science Program Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1

TOI-1266 is a benchmark system of two temperate (d = 3.68−+110511M⨁), and combine the TTVs with archival radial velocity (RV) measurements to improve our knowledge of the planetary masses and radii. We find that, consistent with previous studies, TOI-1266 b (Rb = 2.52 ± 0.08 R⨁, Mb = 4.46 ± 0.69 M⨁) has a low bulk density requiring the presence of a hydrogen-rich envelope, while TOI-1266 c (Rc = 1.98 ± 0.10 R⨁, Mc = 3.17 ± 0.76 M⨁) has a higher bulk density that can be matched by either a hydrogen-rich or water-rich envelope. Our new dynamical model reveals that this system is arranged in a rare configuration with the inner and outer planets located near the 3:1 period ratio with a non-resonant planet in between them. Our dynamical fits indicate that the inner and outer planet have significantly nonzero eccentricities (eb + ed = 0.076−+00029019), suggesting that TOI-1266 b may have an inflated envelope due to tidal heating. Finally, we explore the corresponding implications for the formation and long-term evolution of the system, which contains two of the most favorable cool ( © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Planets

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Optimization of based catalyzed transesterification and characterization of palm oil methyl ester

引用

AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2923卷

作者： Muhammad Azri Ali Mohd Amizan Aida Syafiqah Abd. Rahman Mohd Faizar Banjar Nor Afifah Khalil Muzafar Zulkifli M. D. Sohrab Hossain Ahmad Noor Syimir Fizal Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya Universiti Kuala Lumpur Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology 78000 Alor Gajah Melaka Melaka Malaysia Polymer Science Program Division of Physical Science Faculty of Science Prince of Songkla University Hat-Yai Songkla 90110 Thailand HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research Institute of Self-Sustainable Building Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP) 32610 Seri Iskandar Perak Malaysia Centre for Sustainability of Mineral and Resource Recovery Technology (SMaRRT Centre) Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA) Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob 26300 Gambang Pahang Malaysia Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster Universiti Kuala Lumpur Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and BioEngineering Technology 78000 Alor Gajah Melaka Malaysia

Biodiesel is an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional petrol diesel, described as the mono-alkyl esters of vegetable oils or animal fats. Commonly, produced through transesterification with methanol or ethanol as alcohol with the help of a catalyst to increase the reaction rate and shift the equilibrium to the right. This study was conducted to determine the ideal operating conditions for alkaline-catalyzed transesterification to obtain the highest yield of FAME (%). The transesterification process was done using palm oil as feedstock reacted with methanol and assisted with potassium hydroxide(KOH) as the catalyst. Four different variables are done in the research which are the molar ratio (methanol: oil), reaction temperature (°C), reaction time (min), and catalyst loading (%). The highest yield obtained was at molar ratio 15:1, reaction temperature of 60°C, the reaction time of 120 min, and catalyst loading of 1% where the yield obtained was 87.47%, 87.73%, 87.97%, and 89.93%. However, according to a Minitab simulation, the optimum yield of 91.65% could be reached by performing the transesterification process with a molar ratio of 15:1, a reaction temperature of 60°C, a reaction time of 90 minutes, and a catalyst loading of 2%. Next, the physicochemical properties of the FAME were determined for its saponification value, iodine value, viscosity, and moisture content using the ASTM method referring to the biodiesel fuel standard ASTM D 6751. The value of these tests was then compared with the limit set by ASTM D 6751 and EN 14214 for the qualification on diesel-engine testing. Results obtained showed that the FAME produced has a saponification value of 197.80mgKOH/g, an iodine value of 58.29mgI2/100g, the kinematic viscosity of 5.06mm2/s, and moisture content of 0.0015% in the range of ASTM D 6751 and EN 14214 specifications.

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BPS2025 - A helical fulcrum in eIF2B coordinates allosteric regulation of stress signaling

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Biophysical Journal 2025年第3期124卷 185a-185a页

作者： Rosalie Lawrence Sophie Shoemaker Aniliese Deal Lan Wang Susan Marqusee Peter Walter Department of Biological Chemistry University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Biophysics Graduate Program University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA

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