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Author Correction: MerMAIDs: a family of metagenomically discovered marine anion-conducting and intensely desensitizing channelrhodopsins

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Nature communications 2024年第1期15卷 3960页

作者： Johannes Oppermann Paul Fischer Arita Silapetere Bernhard Liepe Silvia Rodriguez-Rozada José Flores-Uribe Enrico Schiewer Anke Keidel Johannes Vierock Joel Kaufmann Matthias Broser Meike Luck Franz Bartl Peter Hildebrandt J Simon Wiegert Oded Béjà Peter Hegemann Jonas Wietek Institute for Biology Experimental Biophysics Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Invalidenstraße 42 10115 Berlin Germany. Research Group Synaptic Wiring and Information Processing Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg Falkenried 94 20251 Hamburg Germany. Technion-Israel Institute of Technology 32000 Haifa Israel. Department of Plant Microbe Interactions Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research Cologne 50829 Germany. Institute for Chemistry Physical Chemistry/Biophysical Chemistry Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany. Institute for Biology Biophysical Chemistry Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Invalidenstraße 42 10115 Berlin Germany. Institute for Biology Experimental Biophysics Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Invalidenstraße 42 10115 Berlin Germany. hegemann@rz.hu-berlin.de. Institute for Biology Experimental Biophysics Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Invalidenstraße 42 10115 Berlin Germany. jonaswietek@***. Department of Neurobiology Weizmann Institute of Science 7610001 Rehovot Israel. jonaswietek@***.

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Camera Calibration of the CTA-LST prototype 37

Camera Calibration of the CTA-LST prototype

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Kobayashi, Yukiho Okumura, Akira Cassol, Franca Katagiri, Hideaki Sitarek, Julian Gliwny, Pawel Nozaki, Seiya Nogami, Yuto Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra Gonzalez, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. De Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Daaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsaasser, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia Lapez, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. HÃŒtten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. Lapez-Coto, R. Lapez-Moya, M. Lapez-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Marta, J. Martinez, O. MartÃnez, G. MartÃnez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Maurin, G. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Montaruli, T. Monteiro, I. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Mrakovcic, K. Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo Chiba Japan Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM Marseille France College of Science Ibaraki University Ibaraki Japan Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics University of Lodz ul. Pomorska 149/153 Lódz90-236 Poland Department of Physics Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Japan Departament de Fasica Quantica i Astrofasica Institut de Ciancies del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Spain Instituto de Astrofasica de Andalucaa-CSIC Spain INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Italy Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM France The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Spain IRFU CEA Universita© Paris-Saclay France LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universitaat Hamburg Institut faer Experimentalphysik Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan EMFTEL Department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna Italy Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fasicas Brazil INFN Sezione di Padova Universita degli Studi di Padova Italy Instituto de Astrofasica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofasica Universidad de La Laguna Spain Max-Planck-Institut faer Physik Germany Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Germany Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics India INFN Sezione di Trieste Universita degli Studi di Udine Italy INFN Sezione di Catania Italy Italy University of Geneva Da©partement de Physique Nucla©aire et Corpusculaire Switzerland Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science Czech Republic CIEMAT Spain Port d'Informacia Cientafica Spain INFN Sezione di Torino Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Universita degli Studi di Tori

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next-generation gamma-ray observatory that is expected to reach one order of magnitude better sensitivity than that of current telescope arrays. The Large-Sized Telescopes (LSTs) have an essential role in extending the energy range down to 20 GeV. The prototype LST (LST-1) proposed for CTA was built in La Palma, the northern site of CTA, in 2018. LST-1 is currently in its commissioning phase and moving towards scientific observations. The LST-1 camera consists of 1855 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) which are sensitive to Cherenkov light. PMT signals are recorded as waveforms sampled at 1 GHz rate with Domino Ring Sampler version 4 (DRS4) chips. Fast sampling is essential to achieve a low energy threshold by minimizing the integration of background light from the night sky. Absolute charge calibration can be performed by the so-called F-factor method, which allows calibration constants to be monitored even during observations. A calibration pipeline of the camera readout has been developed as part of the LST analysis chain. The pipeline performs DRS4 pedestal and timing corrections, as well as the extraction and calibration of charge and time of pulses for subsequent higher-level analysis. The performance of each calibration step is examined, and especially charge and time resolution of the camera readout are evaluated and compared to CTA requirements. We report on the current status of the calibration pipeline, including the performance of each step through to signal reconstruction, and the consistency with Monte Carlo simulations. © 2022 Sissa Medialab Srl. All rights reserved.

关键词： Calibration

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Author Correction: Intrinsic efficiency limits in low-bandgap non-fullerene acceptor organic solar cells

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Nature materials 2022年第3期21卷 378页

作者： Safakath Karuthedath Julien Gorenflot Yuliar Firdaus Neha Chaturvedi Catherine S P De Castro George T Harrison Jafar I Khan Anastasia Markina Ahmed H Balawi Top Archie Dela Peña Wenlan Liu Ru-Ze Liang Anirudh Sharma Sri H K Paleti Weimin Zhang Yuanbao Lin Erkki Alarousu Sergei Lopatin Dalaver H Anjum Pierre M Beaujuge Stefaan De Wolf Iain McCulloch Thomas D Anthopoulos Derya Baran Denis Andrienko Frédéric Laquai KAUST Solar Center Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE) Materials Science and Engineering Program (MSE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Mainz Germany. Imaging and Characterization Core Laboratory King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Oxford UK. Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Mainz Germany. denis.andrienko@mpip-mainz.mpg. KAUST Solar Center Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE) Materials Science and Engineering Program (MSE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. frederic.laquai@kaust.edu.sa.

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An Optical Gamma-Ray Burst Catalogue with Measured Redshift PART I: Data Release of 535 Gamma-Ray Bursts and Colour Evolution

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Dainotti, M.G. De Simone, B. Mohideen Malik, R.F. Pasumarti, V. Levine, D. Saha, N. Gendre, B. Kido, D. Watson, A.M. Becerra, R.L. Belkin, S. Desai, S. Pedreira, A.C.C.D.E.S. Das, U. Li, L. Oates, S.R. Cenko, S.B. Pozanenko, A. Volnova, A. Hu, Y.-D. Castro-Tirado, A.J. Orange, N.B. Moriya, T.J. Fraija, N. Niino, Y. Rinaldi, E. Butler, N.R. González, J.D.J.G. Kutyrev, A.S. Lee, W.H. Prochaska, X. Ramirez-Ruiz, E. Richer, M. Siegel, M.H. Misra, K. Rossi, A. Lopresti, C. Quadri, U. Strabla, L. Ruocco, N. Leonini, S. Conti, M. Rosi, P. Ramirez, L.M.T. Zola, S. Jindal, I. Kumar, R. Chan, L. Fuentes, M. Lambiase, G. Kalinowski, K.K. Jamal, W. Division of Science National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Shonankokusaimura Hayama Miura District Kanagawa240-0115 Japan Space Science Institute 4765 Walnut St Ste B BoulderCO80301 United States Nevada Center for Astrophysics University of Nevada 4505 Maryland Parkway Las VegasNV89154 United States Bay Environmental Institute P.O. Box 25 Moffett FieldCA United States Fisciano132 I-84084 Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Gruppo Collegato di Salerno Italy Department of Physics University of Rome "Tor Vergata" Italy Department of Astronomy University of Belgrade Serbia Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Telangana Kandi502284 India Department of Astronomy California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Department of Physical Science Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur741246 India Mönchhofstr. 12-14 Heidelberg69120 Germany 35 Stirling Highway Perth6009 Australia Department of Physics Faculty of Science The University of Tokyo Japan Instituto de Astronomia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior C.U. A. Postal 70-264 CDMX04510 Mexico Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Apartado Postal 70-264 CDMX04510 Mexico 84/32 Profsoyuznaya Street Moscow117997 Russia National Research University "Higher School of Economics" Myasnitskaya ul. 20 Moscow101000 Russia School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia School of Physical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar India ICRA Net Piazza della Repubblica 10 PescaraI-65122 Italy Physics Department Lancaster University Bailrigg LancasterLA1 4YB United Kingdom Astrophysics Science Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center MC 661 GreenbeltMD20771 United States Joint Space-Science Institute University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United Stat

We present the largest optical photometry compilation of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) with redshifts (z). We include 64813 observations of 535 events (including upper limits) from 28 February 1997 to 18 August 2023. We also present a user-friendly web tool grbLC which allows users to visualise photometry, coordinates, redshift, host galaxy extinction, and spectral indices for each event in our database. Furthermore, we have added a Gamma-ray Coordinate Network (GCN) scraper that can be used to collect data by gathering magnitudes from the GCNs. The web tool also includes a package for uniformly investigating colour evolution. We compute the optical spectral indices for 138 GRBs, for which we have at least 4 filters at the same epoch in our sample, and craft a procedure to distinguish between GRBs with and without colour evolution. By providing a uniform format and repository for the optical catalogue, this web-based archive is the first step towards unifying several community efforts to gather the photometric information for all GRBs with known redshifts. This catalogue will enable population studies by providing light curves (LCs) with better coverage since we have gathered data from different ground-based locations. Consequently, these LCs can be used to train future LC reconstructions for an extended inference of the redshift. The data gathering also allows us to fill some of the orbital gaps from Swift in crucial points of the LCs, e.g., at the end of the plateau emission or where a jet break is identified. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Population statistics

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Nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging of proteins in a single cell

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Wang, Pengfei Chen, Sanyou Guo, Maosen Peng, Shijie Wang, Mengqi Chen, Ming Ma, Wenchao Zhang, Rui Su, Jihu Rong, Xing Shi, Fazhan Xu, Tao Du, Jiangfeng CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China College of Life Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive and label-free technique widely used in medical diagnosis and life science research, and its success has benefited greatly from continuing efforts on enhancing contrast and resolution. Here we reported nanoscale MRI in a single cell using an atomic-size quantum sensor. With nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond, the intracellular protein ferritin has been imaged with a spatial resolution of ~ 10 nanometers, and ferritin-containing organelles were co-localized by correlative MRI and electron microscopy. Comparing to the current micrometer resolution in current state-of-art conventional MRI, our approach represents a 100-fold enhancement, and paves the way for MRI of intracellular proteins. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Correction to: Thellungiella halophila ST103 enhances salt tolerance in Gossypium hirsutum

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Journal of Cotton Research 2022年第1期5卷 1-1页

作者： JAVAID Ayesha NAZISH Tahmina ALI Mohsin WU Jie XIANG Cheng-Bin ALFATIH Alamin ZHU Yonghong LI Jing ZHANG Huangyang WU Shenjie School of Life Sciences Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics Hefei National Science Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China The Innovative Academy of Seed Design Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui Province China Institute of Cotton Research Shanxi Agricultural University Yuncheng 044000 China College of Life Sciences Shanxi Agricultural University Taiyuan 030031 China

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Sustainable biorefinery with Chlorolobion braunii cultivated in produced water: Bioremediation integrated with the production of exopolysaccharides, biodiesel, and bio-oil

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Chemical Engineering Journal 2025年 518卷

作者： Jadson dos Santos França Ravena Maria de Almeida Medeiros Ingrid Rocha Teixeira Jânia Betânia Alves da Silva Denilson de Jesus Assis Carolina Oliveira de Souza Rosangela Regia Lima Vidal Bianca Bomfim Andrade Fernanda Teixeira Cruz José Geraldo Pacheco Roger Fréty Lucas Guimarães Cardoso Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering (PPEQ) Polytechnic School Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Salvador Bahia Brazil Center of Science and Technology Mechanical Engineering Collegiate Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia (UFRB) Cruz Das Almas Bahia Brazil School of Exact and Technological Sciences Salvador University Salvador Bahia Brazil Graduate Program in Food Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Salvador Bahia Brazil Department of Physical Chemistry Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Salvador Bahia Brazil Health Sciences Institute Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Salvador Bahia Brazil Catalysis and Materials Laboratory Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Salvador Bahia Brazil Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE) Center of Technology and Geosciences Department of Chemical Engineering Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research (i-LITPEG) Laboratory of Refining and Cleaner Technology (Lateclim) Recife PE 50740-540 Brazil

Petroleum extraction generates large volumes of produced water (PW), which is an effluent containing high concentrations of pollutants that impact the environment and present a significant environmental liability for the fossil fuel industry. Among the various treatment approaches, biological methods—particularly those involving microalgae—have shown promise for PW remediation. In this study, we evaluated the bioremediation potential of PW using a microalga Chlorolobion braunii cultivated in 250 L photobioreactors. C. braunii was cultivated in a mixture containing 50 % PW and 50 % BG-11 (Blue green 11) medium (PW50%), while the control comprised only the BG-11 medium. Results demonstrated high removal efficiencies for nitrate (99.54 %), phosphate (77.78 %), iron (94 %), and manganese (75 %), along with a reduction in alkalinity (61 %). A total of 40 g of biomass was produced using 100 L of PW, containing 8.50 % lipids. This biomass mainly contained palmitic acid (C16:0) and elaidic acid (C18:1ω9t), indicating its suitability for biodiesel production according to the International Quality Standards of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D6751 ) and the Brazilian National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas, and Biofuels (ANP). The biomass also yielded 35.12 % bio-oil and 57.69 % non-condensable gases during pyrolysis. Furthermore, 30 g of exopolysaccharides (EPS) were obtained, which exhibited pseudoplastic characteristics—a property of industrial interest. Thus, the treatment using 50 % PW for the cultivation of C. braunii was deemed a promising strategy for bioremediation and facilitated the production of high-value bioproducts.

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Estimating Uncertainty in Neural Networks for Cardiac MRI Segmentation: A Benchmark Study

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Ng, Matthew Guo, Fumin Biswas, Labonny Petersen, Steffen E. Piechnik, Stefan K. Neubauer, Stefan Wright, Graham The Physical Sciences Platform Sunnybrook Research Institute Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto TorontoON Canada The Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Biomedical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Physical Sciences Platform Sunnybrook Research Institute Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto TorontoON Canada The Physical Sciences Platform Sunnybrook Research Institute TorontoON Canada The William Harvey Research Institute NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre Queen Mary University of London United Kingdom Barts Heart Centre St Bartholomew’s Hospital Barts Health NHS Trust West Smithfield London United Kingdom The Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom

Objective: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated promise in automated cardiac magnetic resonance image segmentation. However, when using CNNs in a large real-world dataset, it is important to quantify segmentation uncertainty and identify segmentations which could be problematic. In this work, we performed a systematic study of Bayesian and non-Bayesian methods for estimating uncertainty in segmentation neural networks. Methods: We evaluated Bayes by Backprop, Monte Carlo Dropout, Deep Ensembles, and Stochastic Segmentation Networks in terms of segmentation accuracy, probability calibration, uncertainty on out-of-distribution images, and segmentation quality control. Results: We observed that Deep Ensembles outperformed the other methods except for images with heavy noise and blurring distortions. We showed that Bayes by Backprop is more robust to noise distortions while Stochastic Segmentation Networks are more resistant to blurring distortions. For segmentation quality control, we showed that segmentation uncertainty is correlated with segmentation accuracy for all the methods. With the incorporation of uncertainty estimates, we were able to reduce the percentage of poor segmentation to 5% by flagging 31–48% of the most uncertain segmentations for manual review, substantially lower than random review without using neural network uncertainty (reviewing 75–78% of all images). Conclusion: This work provides a comprehensive evaluation of uncertainty estimation methods and showed that Deep Ensembles outperformed other methods in most cases. Significance: Neural network uncertainty measures can help identify potentially inaccurate segmentations and alert users for manual review. © 2020, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Quality control

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The molten wood's metal initial velocity variations effect on breaching simulation by MPS method

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期2072卷

作者： A N Hidayati A Waris A P A Mustari D Irwanto N A Aprianti Doctoral Program of Physics Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia Nuclear Physics and Biophysics Research Division Physics Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia

Series of MPS simulations have been conducted using two-dimensional geometry. The simulation was based on Sudha's experiment (2018) about initial velocity variations on molten Wood's Metal (WM). The molten WM would be flowed through nozzle with the diameter was 6 mm. It would impinge to the Woods Metal Plate (WMP) which 270 mm below the nozzle. The WMP diameter was 470 mm. The temperature of molten WM and WMP were set at 573 K and 300 K, respectively. The initial velocity of molten WM was varied at 0.327 m/s, 0.397 m/s, 0.498 m/s in the y-negative direction. The simulation was calculated by using 2D MPS with additional procedures such as heat transfer calculation and defining a new type of wall particle. The results showed some different spread patterns, leading edge and phase fraction change for each initial velocity. It can be concluded that with varying the initial velocity will affect on the radial spread pattern but not so much effect occurs on the phase volume fraction change.

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Study on Fluid Descends Vertically on Static Fluid Using Moving Particle Semi-Implicit Method

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1772卷

作者： A N Hidayati A P A Mustari A. Waris Y Yulianto M Ilham Master Program of Physics Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia Nuclear Physics and Biophysics Research Division Physics Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia

The process of fluid descend vertically on static fluid has been studied through experiment and simulation by using Moving Particle Semi-Implicit (MPS) method. MPS has been developed by Koshizuka and Oka (1996). MPS method is a particle method based on the Lagrangian calculation for incompressible medium and does not rely on grid system. This study has been done by doing simulation first then validated by experiment. Water and cooking oil were used in the experiment. This study was carried out to analyze distance and density influence in the height of static fluid bursting process. The experiments were conducted in an acrylic box with the dimension 150 mm x 40 mm x 30 mm and a bottle with height of 100 mm and the nozzle of bottle was 26 mm. The distance between nozzle and surface of fluid inside box is varied for 100 mm and 200 mm. The results show that in the same height, water will be more difficult to be moved than cooking oil because water has bigger density. The distance between nozzle and fluid surface inside the box will affect at the pressure which is received by the fluid. Higher distance will create higher pressure so that fluid inside the box will be moved easier and more fluid will split out to the box. It also gives some influence in the final condition of remaining fluid in the acrylic box.

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