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Unravelling the Innermost Jet Structure of OJ 287 with the First GMVA+ALMA Observations

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhao, Guang-Yao Gómez, José L. Fuentes, Antonio Krichbaum, Thomas P. Traianou, Efthalia Lico, Rocco Cho, Ilje Ros, Eduardo Komossa, S. Akiyama, Kazunori Asada, Keiichi Blackburn, Lindy Britzen, Silke Bruni, Gabriele Crew, Geoffrey B. Dahale, Rohan Dey, Lankeswar Gold, Roman Gopakumar, Achamveedu Issaoun, Sara Janssen, Michael Jorstad, Svetlana Kim, Jae-Young Koay, Jun Yi Kovalev, Yuri Y. Koyama, Shoko Lobanov, Andrei P. Loinard, Laurent Lu, Ru-Sen Markoff, Sera Marscher, Alan P. Martí-Vidal, Iván Mizuno, Yosuke Park, Jongho Savolainen, Tuomas Toscano, Teresa Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n GranadaE-18008 Spain Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 BonnD-53121 Germany INAF-Istituto di Radioastronomia Via P. Gobetti 101 BolognaI-40129 Italy Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone Road WestfordMA01886 United States National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Tokyo Mitaka181-8588 Japan Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University 20 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building AS/NTU No. 1 Roosevelt Rd Taipei10617 Taiwan Center for Astrophysics J Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali via Fosso del Cavaliere 100 Roma00133 Italy Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Nadia West Bengal Mohanpur741246 India Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai400005 India CP3-Origins University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense MDK-5230 Denmark Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 Nijmegen6500 GL Netherlands NASA Hubble Fellowship Program Einstein Fellow Germany Institute for Astrophysical Research Boston University 725 Commonwealth Ave. BostonMA02215 United States Astronomical Institute St. Petersburg University Universitetskij pr. 28 St.Petersburg Petrodvorets198504 Russia Department of Astronomy and Atmospheric Sciences Kyungpook National University Daegu702-701 Korea Republic of Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute Daedeok-daero 776 Yuseong-gu Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of Lebedev Physical Institute The Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky prospekt 53 Moscow119991 Russia Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutsky per. 9 Moscow region Dolgoprudny141700 Russia Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-nino-cho Nishi-ku Niigata950-

We present the first very-long-baseline interferometric (VLBI) observations of the blazar OJ 287 carried out jointly with the Global Millimeter VLBI Array (GMVA) and the phased Atacama Large Millime ter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 3.5mm on April 2, 2017. Participation of phased-ALMA not only has improved the GMVA north-south resolution by a factor of ∼,3, but also has enabled fringe detection with signal-to-noise ratios up to 300 at baselines longer than 2Gλ. The high sensitivity has motivated us to image the data with the newly developed regularized maximum likelihood imaging methods, revealing the innermost jet structure with unprecedentedly high angular resolution. Our images reveal a compact and twisted jet extending along the northwest direction with two bends within the inner 200 μas that resembles a precessing jet in projection. The component at the southeastern end shows a compact morphology and high brightness temperature, and is identified as the VLBI core. An extended jet feature that lies at ∼200 μas northwest of the core shows a conical shape in both total and linearly polarized intensity, and a bimodal distribution of the linear polarization electric vector position angle. We discuss the nature of this feature by comparing our observations with models and simulations of oblique and recollimation shocks with various magnetic field configurations. Our high-fidelity images also enabled us to search for possible jet features from the secondary supermassive black hole (SMBH) and test the SMBH binary hypothesis proposed for this source. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Polarization

Search for Gravitational Waves Associated with Fast Radio Bursts Detected by CHIME/FRB during the LIGO-Virgo Observing Run O3a

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Astrophysical Journal 2023年第2期955卷 155-155页

作者： Abbott, R. Abbott, T.D. Acernese, F. Ackley, K. Adams, C. Adhikari, N. Adhikari, R.X. Adya, V.B. Affeldt, C. Agarwal, D. Agathos, M. Agatsuma, K. Aggarwal, N. Aguiar, O.D. Aiello, L. Ain, A. Ajith, P. Akutsu, T. Albanesi, S. Allocca, A. Altin, P.A. Amato, A. Anand, C. Anand, S. Ananyeva, A. Anderson, S.B. Anderson, W.G. Ando, M. Andrade, T. Andres, N. Andrić, T. Angelova, S.V. Ansoldi, S. Antelis, J.M. Antier, S. Appert, S. Arai, Koya Arai, Y. Araki, S. Araya, A. Araya, M.C. Areeda, J.S. Arène, M. Aritomi, N. Arnaud, N. Aronson, S.M. Arun, K.G. Asada, H. Asali, Y. Ashton, G. Aso, Y. Assiduo, M. Aston, S.M. Astone, P. Aubin, F. Austin, C. Babak, S. Badaracco, F. Bader, M.K.M. Badger, C. Bae, S. Bae, Y. Baer, A.M. Bagnasco, S. Bai, Y. Baiotti, L. Baird, J. Bajpai, R. Ball, M. Ballardin, G. Ballmer, S.W. Balsamo, A. Baltus, G. Banagiri, S. Bankar, D. Barayoga, J.C. Barbieri, C. Barish, B.C. Barker, D. Barneo, P. Barone, F. Barr, B. Barsotti, L. Barsuglia, M. Barta, D. Bartlett, J. Barton, M.A. Bartos, I. Bassiri, R. Basti, A. Bawaj, M. Bayley, J.C. Baylor, A.C. Bazzan, M. Bécsy, B. Bedakihale, V.M. Bejger, M. Belahcene, I. Benedetto, V. Beniwal, D. Bennett, T.F. Bentley, J.D. BenYaala, M. Bergamin, F. Berger, B.K. Bernuzzi, S. Berry, C.P.L. Bersanetti, D. Bertolini, A. Betzwieser, J. Beveridge, D. Bhandare, R. Bhardwaj, U. Bhattacharjee, D. Bhaumik, S. Bilenko, I.A. Billingsley, G. Bini, S. Birney, R. Birnholtz, O. Biscans, S. Bischi, M. Biscoveanu, S. Bisht, A. Biswas, B. Bitossi, M. Bizouard, M.-A. Blackburn, J.K. Blair, C.D. Blair, D.G. Blair, R.M. Bobba, F. Bode, N. Boer, M. Bogaert, G. Boldrini, M. Bonavena, L.D. Bondu, F. Bonilla, E. Bonnand, R. Booker, P. Boom, B.A. Bork, R. Boschi, V. Bose, N. Bose, S. Bossilkov, V. Boudart, V. Bouffanais, Y. Boumerdassi, A. Bozzi, A. Bradaschia, C. Brady, P.R. Bramley, A. Branch, A. Branchesi, M. Brau, J.E. Breschi, M. Briant, T. Briggs, J.H. Brillet, A. Brinkmann, M. Brockill, P. Brooks, A.F. Brooks, J. Brown, D.D. Brunett, S. Bruno, G. Bruntz, R. Bryant, J. Buchanan, J. B LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena 91125 CA United States Louisiana State University Baton Rouge 70803 LA United States Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno Fisciano Salerno I-84084 Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Napoli I-80126 Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 VIC Australia LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston 70754 LA United States University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee 53201 WI United States OzGrav Australian National University Canberra 0200 ACT Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) Hannover D-30167 Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover D-30167 Germany Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Jena D-07743 Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston 60208 IL United States Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais São Paulo São José dos Campos 12227-010 Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa Pisa I-56127 Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan INFN Sezione di Torino Torino I-10125 Italy Università di Napoli “Federico II Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Napoli I-80126 Italy Université de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS Institut Lumière Matière Villeurbanne F-69622

We search for gravitational-wave (GW) transients associated with fast radio bursts (FRBs) detected by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment Fast Radio Burst Project, during the first part of the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo (2019 April 1 15:00 UTC-2019 October 1 15:00 UTC). Triggers from 22 FRBs were analyzed with a search that targets both binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star-black hole (NSBH) mergers. A targeted search for generic GW transients was conducted on 40 FRBs. We find no significant evidence for a GW association in either search. Given the large uncertainties in the distances of our FRB sample, we are unable to exclude the possibility of a GW association. Assessing the volumetric event rates of both FRB and binary mergers, an association is limited to 15% of the FRB population for BNS mergers or 1% for NSBH mergers. We report 90% confidence lower bounds on the distance to each FRB for a range of GW progenitor models and set upper limits on the energy emitted through GWs for a range of emission scenarios. We find values of order 10⁵¹-10⁵⁷ erg for models with central GW frequencies in the range 70-3560 Hz. At the sensitivity of this search, we find these limits to be above the predicted GW emissions for the models considered. We also find no significant coincident detection of GWs with the repeater, FRB 20200120E, which is the closest known extragalactic FRB. © 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

关键词： Gravitational wave astronomy Radio transient sources

Symmetry, Rigidity, and Allosteric Signaling: From Monomeric Proteins to Molecular Machines

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Thirumalai, D. Hyeon, Changbong Zhuravlev, Pavel I. Lorimer, George H. Department of Chemistry University of Texas AustinTX78712 United States Korea Institute for Advanced Study Seoul02455 Korea Republic of Biophysics Program Institute for Physical Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

Allosteric signaling in biological molecules, which may be viewed as specific action at a distance due to localized perturbation upon binding of ligands or changes in environmental cues, is pervasive in biology. Insightful phenomenological MWC and KNF models galvanized research in describing allosteric transitions for over five decades, and these models continue to be the basis for describing the mechanisms of allostery in a bewildering array of systems. However, understanding allosteric signaling and the associated dynamics between distinct allosteric states at the molecular level is challenging, and requires novel experiments complemented by computational studies. In this review, we first describe symmetry and rigidity as essential requirements for allosteric proteins or multisubunit structures. The general features, with MWC and KNF as two extreme scenarios, emerge when allosteric signaling is viewed from an energy landscape perspective. To go beyond the general theories, we describe computational tools that are either based solely on multiple sequences or their structures to predict the allostery wiring diagram. These methods could be used to predict the network of residues that carry allosteric signals. Methods to obtain molecular insights into the dynamics of allosteric transitions are briefly mentioned. The utility of the methods is illustrated by applications to systems ranging from monomeric proteins in which there is little conformational change in the transition between two allosteric states to membrane bound G-protein coupled receptors, and multisubunit proteins. Finally, the role allostery plays in the functions of ATP-consuming molecular machines, bacterial chaperonin GroEL and molecular motors, is described. Although universal molecular principles governing allosteric signaling do not exist, we can draw the following general conclusions from a survey of different systems. (1) Multiple pathways connecting allosteric states are highly heterogeneous. (2)

关键词： Signaling

Early Release science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRCam

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ahrer, Eva-Maria Stevenson, Kevin B. Mansfield, Megan Moran, Sarah E. Brande, Jonathan Morello, Giuseppe Murray, Catriona A. Nikolov, Nikolay K. Petit dit de la Roche, Dominique J.M. Schlawin, Everett Wheatley, Peter J. Zieba, Sebastian Batalha, Natasha E. Damiano, Mario Goyal, Jayesh M. Lendl, Monika Lothringer, Joshua D. Mukherjee, Sagnick Ohno, Kazumasa Batalha, Natalie M. Battley, Matthew P. Bean, Jacob L. Beatty, Thomas G. Benneke, Björn Berta-Thompson, Zachory K. Carter, Aarynn L. Cubillos, Patricio E. Daylan, Tansu Espinoza, Néstor Gao, Peter Gibson, Neale P. Gill, Samuel Harrington, Joseph Hu, Renyu Kreidberg, Laura Lewis, Nikole K. Line, Michael R. López-Morales, Mercedes Parmentier, Vivien Powell, Diana K. Sing, David K. Tsai, Shang-Min Wakeford, Hannah R. Welbanks, Luis Alam, Munazza K. Alderson, Lili Allen, Natalie H. Anderson, David R. Barstow, Joanna K. Bayliss, Daniel Bell, Taylor J. Blecic, Jasmina Bryant, Edward M. Burleigh, Matthew R. Carone, Ludmila Casewell, S.L. Changeat, Quentin Chubb, Katy L. Crossfield, Ian J.M. Crouzet, Nicolas Decin, Leen Désert, Jean-Michel Feinstein, Adina D. Flagg, Laura Fortney, Jonathan J. Gizis, John E. Heng, Kevin Iro, Nicolas Kempton, Eliza M.-R. Kendrew, Sarah Kirk, James Knutson, Heather A. Komacek, Thaddeus D. Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Leconte, Jérémy Lustig-Yaeger, Jacob MacDonald, Ryan J. Mancini, Luigi May, E.M. Mayne, N.J. Miguel, Yamila Mikal-Evans, Thomas Molaverdikhani, Karan Palle, Enric Piaulet, Caroline Rackham, Benjamin V. Redfield, Seth Rogers, Laura K. Roy, Pierre-Alexis Rustamkulov, Zafar Shkolnik, Evgenya L. Sotzen, Kristin S. Taylor, Jake Tremblin, P. Tucker, Gregory S. Turner, Jake D. de Val-Borro, Miguel Venot, Olivia Zhang, Xi Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom Johns Hopkins APL LaurelMD United States Steward Observatory University of Arizona TucsonAZ United States NHFP Sagan Fellow United States Lunar and Planetary Laboratory University of Arizona TucsonAZ United States Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Kansas LawrenceKS United States Tenerife Spain Tenerife Spain INAF- Palermo Astronomical Observatory Piazza del Parlamento Palermo Italy Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences University of Colorado BoulderCO United States Space Telescope Science Institute BaltimoreMD United States Département d'Astronomie Université de Genève Sauverny Switzerland Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Heidelberg Germany Leiden Observatory University of Leiden Leiden Netherlands NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field CA United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory PasadenaCA United States HBNI Odisha India Department of Physics Utah Valley University OremUT United States Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics University of California Santa Cruz Santa CruzCA United States Astrobiology Program UC Santa Cruz Santa CruzCA United States Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics University of Chicago ChicagoIL United States Department of Astronomy University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI United States Department of Physics Institute for Research on Exoplanets Université de Montréal MontrealQC Canada Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences Graz Austria INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Pino Torinese Italy Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University PrincetonNJ United States LSSTC Catalyst Fellow Department of Physics & Astronomy Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD United States Earth and Planets Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science WashingtonDC United States School of Physics Trinity Col

Measuring the metallicity and carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio in exoplanet atmospheres is a fundamental step towards constraining the dominant chemical processes at work and, if in equilibrium, revealing planet formation histories. Transmission spectroscopye.g., 1,2 provides the necessary means by constraining the abundances of oxygen- and carbon-bearing species;however, this requires broad wavelength coverage, moderate spectral resolution, and high precision that, together, are not achievable with previous observatories. Now that JWST has commenced science operations, we are able to observe exoplanets at previously uncharted wavelengths and spectral resolutions. Here we report time-series observations of the transiting exoplanet WASP-39b using JWST’s Near InfraRed Camera (NIRCam). The long-wavelength spectroscopic and short-wavelength photometric light curves span 2.0 – 4.0 µm, exhibit minimal systematics, and reveal well-defined molecular absorption features in the planet’s spectrum. Specifically, we detect gaseous H2O in the atmosphere and place an upper limit on the abundance of CH4. The otherwise prominent CO2 feature at 2.8 µm is largely masked by H2O. The best-fit chemical equilibrium models favour an atmospheric metallicity of 1–100× solar (i.e., an enrichment of elements heavier than helium relative to the Sun) and a sub-stellar carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio. The inferred high metallicity and low C/O ratio may indicate significant accretion of solid materials during planet formatione.g., 3,4 or disequilibrium processes in the upper atmospheree.g., 5,6 © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Spectral resolution

Using physical features of protein core packing to distinguish real proteins from decoys

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Grigas, Alex T. Mei, Zhe Treado, John D. Levine, Zachary A. Regan, Lynne O'Hern, Corey S. Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Chemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Pathology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Institute of Quantitative Biology Biochemistry and Biotechnology Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

The ability to consistently distinguish real protein structures from computationally generated model decoys is not yet a solved problem. One route to distinguish real protein structures from decoys is to delineate the important physical features that specify a real protein. For example, it has long been appreciated that the hydrophobic cores of proteins contribute signifficantly to their stability. As a dataset of decoys to compare with real protein structures, we studied submissions to the bi-annual CASP competition (speciffically CASP11, 12, and 13), in which researchers attempt to predict the structure of a protein only knowing its amino acid sequence. Our analysis reveals that many of the submissions possess cores that do not recapitulate the features that define real proteins. In particular, the model structures appear more densely packed (because of energetically unfavorable atomic overlaps), contain too few residues in the core, and have improper distributions of hydrophobic residues throughout the structure. Based on these observations, we developed a deep learning method, which incorporates key physical features of protein cores, to predict how well a computational model recapitulates the real protein structure without knowledge of the structure of the target sequence. By identifying the important features of protein structure, our method is able to rank decoys from the CASP competitions equally well, if not better than, state-of-the-art methods that incorporate many additional features. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Proteins

Suppression of the antiferromagnetic metallic state in the pressurized MnBi2Te4 single crystal

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physical Review Materials 2019年第9期3卷 094201-094201页

作者： K. Y. Chen B. S. Wang J.-Q. Yan D. S. Parker J.-S. Zhou Y. Uwatoko J.-G. Cheng Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan Guangdong 523808 China Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Institute for Solid State Physics University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Chiba 277-8581 Japan

We study the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the electrical transport, magnetic, and structural properties of MnBi2Te4 by measuring its resistivity, Hall effect, and x-ray diffraction under pressures up to 12.8 GPa supplemented by the first-principles calculations. At ambient pressure, MnBi2Te4 shows a metallic conducting behavior with a cusplike anomaly at around TN≈24K, where it undergoes a long-range antiferromagnetic (AF) transition. With increasing pressure, TN determined from the resistivity anomaly first increases slightly with a maximum at around 2 GPa and then decreases until vanishing completely at about 7 GPa. Intriguingly, its resistivity is enhanced gradually by pressure and even evolves from metallic to semimetal or semiconductinglike behavior as TN is suppressed. However, the density of the n-type charge carrier that remains dominant under pressure increases with pressure. In addition, the interlayer AF coupling seems to be strengthened under compression, since the critical field Hc1 for the spin-flop transition to the canted AF state is found to increase with pressure. No structural transition was evidenced up to 12.8 GPa, but some lattice softening was observed at about 2 GPa, signaling the occurrence of an electronic transition or crossover from a localized to itinerant state. We have rationalized these experimental findings by considering the pressure-induced enhancement of antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic competition and partial delocalization of Mn−3d electrons, which not only destroys long-range AF order but also promotes charge-carrier localization through enhanced spin fluctuations and/or the formation of a hybridization gap at high pressure.

关键词： Pressure effects Topological materials Antiferromagnets Single crystal materials Density functional theory Resistivity measurements

Search for invisible decays of the Higgs boson produced via vector boson fusion in proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV

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physical Review D 2022年第9期105卷 092007-092007页

作者： A. Tumasyan W. Adam J. W. Andrejkovic T. Bergauer S. Chatterjee K. Damanakis M. Dragicevic A. Escalante Del Valle R. Frühwirth M. Jeitler N. Krammer L. Lechner D. Liko I. Mikulec P. Paulitsch F. M. Pitters J. Schieck R. Schöfbeck D. Schwarz S. Templ W. Waltenberger C.-E. Wulz V. Chekhovsky A. Litomin V. Makarenko M. R. Darwish E. A. De Wolf T. Janssen T. Kello A. Lelek H. Rejeb Sfar P. Van Mechelen S. Van Putte N. Van Remortel E. S. Bols J. D’Hondt A. De Moor M. Delcourt H. El Faham S. Lowette S. Moortgat A. Morton D. Müller A. R. Sahasransu S. Tavernier W. Van Doninck D. Vannerom D. Beghin B. Bilin B. Clerbaux G. De Lentdecker L. Favart A. K. Kalsi K. Lee M. Mahdavikhorrami I. Makarenko L. Moureaux S. Paredes L. Pétré A. Popov N. Postiau E. Starling L. Thomas M. Vanden Bemden C. Vander Velde P. Vanlaer T. Cornelis D. Dobur J. Knolle L. Lambrecht G. Mestdach M. Niedziela C. Rendón C. Roskas A. Samalan K. Skovpen M. Tytgat N. Van Den Bossche B. Vermassen L. Wezenbeek A. Benecke A. Bethani G. Bruno F. Bury C. Caputo P. David C. Delaere I. S. Donertas A. Giammanco K. Jaffel Sa. Jain V. Lemaitre K. Mondal J. Prisciandaro A. Taliercio M. Teklishyn T. T. Tran P. Vischia S. Wertz G. A. Alves C. Hensel A. Moraes P. Rebello Teles W. L. Aldá Júnior M. Alves Gallo Pereira M. Barroso Ferreira Filho H. Brandao Malbouisson W. Carvalho J. Chinellato E. M. Da Costa G. G. Da Silveira D. De Jesus Damiao V. Dos Santos Sousa S. Fonseca De Souza C. Mora Herrera K. Mota Amarilo L. Mundim H. Nogima A. Santoro S. M. Silva Do Amaral A. Sznajder M. Thiel F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo A. Vilela Pereira C. A. Bernardes L. Calligaris T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei E. M. Gregores D. S. Lemos P. G. Mercadante S. F. Novaes Sandra S. Padula A. Aleksandrov G. Antchev R. Hadjiiska P. Iaydjiev M. Misheva M. Rodozov M. Shopova G. Sultanov A. Dimitrov T. Ivanov L. Litov B. Pavlov P. Petkov A. Petrov T. Cheng T. Javaid M. Mittal L. Yuan M. Ahmad G. Bauer C. Dozen Z. Hu J. Martins Y. Wang K. Yi E. Chapon G. M. Chen H. S. Chen M. Chen F. Iemmi A. Kapoor D. Yerevan Physics Institute Yerevan Armenia Institut für Hochenergiephysik Vienna Austria Institute for Nuclear Problems Minsk Belarus Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel Belgium Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium Korea University Seoul Korea Ghent University Ghent Belgium Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade Federal do ABC São Paulo Brazil Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria University of Sofia Sofia Bulgaria Beihang University Beijing China Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing China Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing China Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China Institute of Modern Physics and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE)—Fudan University Shanghai China Rice University Houston Texas USA Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Zhejiang China Universidad de Los Andes Bogota Colombia Universidad de Antioquia Medellin Colombia University of Split Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture Split Croatia University of Split Faculty of Science Split Croatia Institute Rudjer Boskovic Zagreb Croatia University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Charles University Prague Czech Republic Escuela Politecnica Nacional Quito Ecuador Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics Cairo Egypt Center for High Energy Physics (CHEP-FU) Fayoum University El-Fayoum Egypt National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophy

A search for invisible decays of the Higgs boson produced via vector boson fusion (VBF) has been performed with 101 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions delivered by the LHC at s=13 TeV and collected by the CMS detector in 2017 and 2018. The sensitivity to the VBF production mechanism is enhanced by constructing two analysis categories, one based on missing transverse momentum and a second based on the properties of jets. In addition to control regions with Z and W boson candidate events, a highly populated control region, based on the production of a photon in association with jets, is used to constrain the dominant irreducible background from the invisible decay of a Z boson produced in association with jets. The results of this search are combined with all previous measurements in the VBF topology, based on data collected in 2012 (at s=8 TeV), 2015, and 2016, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 19.7, 2.3, and 36.3 fb−1, respectively. The observed (expected) upper limit on the invisible branching fraction of the Higgs boson is found to be 0.18 (0.10) at the 95% confidence level, assuming the standard model production cross section. The results are also interpreted in the context of Higgs-portal models.

关键词： Higgs bosons W & Z bosons Hadron colliders

The European Reference Genome Atlas: piloting a decentralised approach to equitable biodiversity genomics

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NPJ Biodiversity

NPJ Biodiversity 2024年第1期3卷 1-17页

作者： Mc Cartney, Ann M. Formenti, Giulio Mouton, Alice De Panis, Diego Marins, Luísa S. Leitão, Henrique G. Diedericks, Genevieve Kirangwa, Joseph Morselli, Marco Salces-Ortiz, Judit Escudero, Nuria Iannucci, Alessio Natali, Chiara Svardal, Hannes Fernández, Rosa De Pooter, Tim Joris, Geert Strazisar, Mojca Wood, Jonathan M. D. Herron, Katie E. Seehausen, Ole Watts, Phillip C. Shaw, Felix Davey, Robert P. Minotto, Alice Fernández, José M. Böhne, Astrid Alegria, Carla Alioto, Tyler Alves, Paulo C. Amorim, Isabel R. Aury, Jean-Marc Backstrom, Niclas Baldrian, Petr Baltrunaite, Laima Barta, Endre Bedhom, Bertrand Belser, Caroline Bergsten, Johannes Bertrand, Laurie Bilandija, Helena Binzer-Panchal, Mahesh Bista, Iliana Blaxter, Mark Borges, Paulo A. V. Dias, Guilherme Borges Bosse, Mirte Brown, Tom Bruggmann, Rémy Buena-Atienza, Elena Burgin, Josephine Buzan, Elena Cariani, Alessia Casadei, Nicolas Chiara, Matteo Chozas, Sergio Jr, Fedor Čiampor Crottini, Angelica Cruaud, Corinne Cruz, Fernando Dalen, Love Biase, Alessiode Delcampo, Javier Delic, Teo Dennis, Aliceb. Derks, Martijn F. L. Diroma, Maria Angela Djan, Mihajla Duprat, Simone Eleftheriadi, Klara Feulner, Philine G. D. Flot, Jean-François Forni, Giobbe Fosso, Bruno Fournier, Pascal Fournier-Chambrillon, Christine Gabaldon, Toni Garg, Shilpa Gissi, Carmela Giupponi, Luca Gomez-Garrido, Jessica González, Josefa Grilo, Miguel L. Grüning, Björn Guerin, Thomas Guiglielmoni, Nadege Gut, Marta Haesler, Marcel P. Hahn, Christoph Halpern, Balint Harrison, Peter W. Heintz, Julia Hindrikson, Maris Höglund, Jacob Howe, Kerstin Hughes, Graham M. Istace, Benjamin Cock, Mark J. Janžekovič, Franc Jonsson, Zophonias O. Joye-Dind, Sagane Koskimäki, Janne J. Krystufek, Boris Kubacka, Justyna Kuhl, Heiner Kusza, Szilvia Labadie, Karine Lähteenaro, Meri Lantz, Henrik Lavrinienko, Anton Leclère, Lucas Lopes, Ricardo Jorge Madsen, Ole Magdelenat, Ghislaine Magoga, Giulia Manousaki, Tereza Mappes, Tapio Marques, Joao Pedro Redondo, Gemma I. Martinez Maumus, Florian McCarthy, Shane A. M Genomics Institute University of California SantaCruz CA United States TheVertebrate Genome Laboratory The Rockefeller University NewYork NY United States Department of Biology University of Florence Sesto Fiorentino Italy InBios-Conservation Genetics Laboratory University of Liege Liege Belgium Leibniz Institut für Zoo und Wildtierforschung Berlin Germany Berlin Center for Genomics in Biodiversity Research Berlin Germany Department of Biology University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium Institute of Zoology University of Cologne Cologne Germany Department of Chemistry Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Parma Italy Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden Netherlands Neuromics Support Facility VIB Center for Molecular Neurology VIB Antwerp Belgium Neuromics Support Facility Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity ofAntwerp Antwerp Belgium Tree of Life WellcomeSanger Institute Cambridge Hinxton United Kingdom School of Biology and Environmental Science University College Dublin Belfield Ireland Aquatic Ecology & Evolution Institute of Ecology & Evolution University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Fish Ecology & Evolution Eawag Kastanienbaum Switzerland Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of Jyvaskyla Jyvaskyla Finland The EarlhamInstitute NorwichResearchPark Norwich United Kingdom Digital Science London United Kingdom Barcelona Supercomputing Center Spanish National Bioinformatics Institute ELIXIR Spain Getafe Spain Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change Museum Koenig Bonn Bonn Germany CE3C—Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa Campo Grande Lisboa Portugal Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG) Barcelona Spain Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain CIBIO Cen

A genomic database of all Earth’s eukaryotic species could contribute to many scientific discoveries;however, only a tiny fraction of species have genomic information available. In 2018, scientists across the world united under the Earth BioGenome Project (EBP), aiming to produce a database of highquality reference genomes containing all ~1.5 million recognized eukaryotic species. As the European node of the EBP, the European Reference Genome Atlas (ERGA) sought to implement a new decentralised, equitable and inclusive model for producing reference genomes. For this, ERGA launched a Pilot Project establishing the first distributed reference genome production infrastructure and testing it on 98 eukaryotic species from 33 European countries. Here we outline the infrastructure and explore its effectiveness for scaling high-quality reference genome production, whilst considering equity and inclusion. The outcomes and lessons learned provide a solid foundation for ERGA while offering key learnings to other transnational, national genomic resource projects and the EBP. © The Author(s) 2024, corrected publication 2024.

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A lanthanide-rich kilonova in the aftermath of a long gamma-ray burst

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Yang, Yu-Han Troja, Eleonora O’Connor, Brendan Fryer, Chris L. Im, Myungshin Durbak, Joe Paek, Gregory S.H. Ricci, Roberto De Bom, Clécio R. Gillanders, James H. Castro-Tirado, Alberto J. Peng, Zong-Kai Dichiara, Simone Ryan, Geoffrey van Eerten, Hendrik Dai, Zi-Gao Chang, Seo-Won Choi, Hyeonho De, Kishalay Hu, Youdong Kilpatrick, Charles D. Kutyrev, Alexander Jeong, Mankeun Lee, Chung-Uk Makler, Martin Navarete, Felipe Pérez-García, Ignacio Department of Physics University of Rome "Tor Vergata" via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 RomeI-00133 Italy INAF - Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica Rome00133 Italy Department of Physics The George Washington University 725 21st Street NW WashingtonDC20052 United States Department of Astronomy University of Maryland College ParkMD20742-4111 United States Astrophysics Science Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 8800 Greenbelt Rd GreenbeltMD20771 United States Computer Computational and Statistical Sciences Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Center for Theoretical Astrophysics Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States The University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87131 United States The George Washington University WashingtonDC20052 United States SNU Astronomy Research Center Astronomy Program Dept. of Physics & Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica TorinoI-10135 Italy INAF - Istituto di Radioastronomia via Gobetti 101 BolognaI-40129 Italy Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150 RJ Rio de JaneiroCEP 22290-180 Brazil Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca Rodovia Mário Covas lote J2 quadra J RJ ItaguaíCEP 23810-000 Brazil Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18080 Spain Unidad Asociada al CSIC Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Automática Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa 6 Málaga29071 Spain Institute for Frontier in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University Beijing102206 China Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics The Pennsylvania State University 525 Davey Lab University ParkPA16802 United States Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Phy

Kilonovae are a rare class of astrophysical transients powered by the radioactive decay of nuclei heavier than iron, synthesized in the merger of two compact objects 1–4. Over the first few days, the kilonova evolution is dominated by a large number of radioactive isotopes contributing to the heating rate2, 5. On timescales of weeks to months, its behavior is predicted to differ depending on the ejecta composition and merger remnant6–9. However, late-time observations of known kilonovae are either missing or limited10, 11. Here we report observations of a luminous red transient with a quasi-thermal spectrum, following an unusual gamma-ray burst of long duration. We classify this thermal emission as a kilonova and track its evolution up to two months after the burst. At these late times, the recession of the photospheric radius and the rapidly-decaying bolometric luminosity (Lbol ∝ t−2.7±0.4) support the recombination of lanthanide-rich ejecta as they cool. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rare earth elements