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Analysis of the cherenkov telescope array first large-sized telescope real data using convolutional neural networks

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Vuillaume, Thomas Jacquemont, Mikaël de Bony de Lavergne, Mathieu Sanchez, David A. Poireau, Vincent Maurin, Gilles Benoit, Alexandre Lambert, Patrick Lamanna, Giovanni Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. de Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Maurin, G. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Montaruli, T. Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS LAPP 9 chemin de bellevue Annecy74940 France LISTIC Université Savoie Mont-Blanc PolytechAnnecy-Chambéry 5 chemin de bellevue Annecy74940 France Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma INFN Sezione di Napoli Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3 CPPM Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine INFN Sezione di Catania University of Geneva Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science CIEMAT Port d’Informació Científica INFN Sezione di Torino Dipartimento di Fisica - Universitá degli Studi di Torino INFN Sezione di Bari Università di Bari University of Rijeka Department of Physics Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Universität Würzburg Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University INFN Sezione di Bari Politecnico di Bari Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics University of Lodz University of Split FESB Croatia Department of Physics Yamagata University Institut für Theoretische Physik Leh

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future ground-based gamma-ray observatory and will be composed of two arrays of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) located in the Northern and Southern hemispheres respectively. The first CTA prototype telescope built on-site, the Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1), is under commissioning in La Palma and has already taken data on numerous known sources. IACTs detect the faint flash of Cherenkov light indirectly produced after a very energetic gamma-ray photon has interacted with the atmosphere and generated an atmospheric shower. Reconstruction of the characteristics of the primary photons is usually done using a parameterization up to the third order of the light distribution of the images. In order to go beyond this classical method, new approaches are being developed using state-of-the-art methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) to reconstruct the properties of each event (incoming direction, energy and particle type) directly from the telescope images. While promising, these methods are notoriously difficult to apply to real data due to differences (such as different levels of night sky background) between Monte Carlo (MC) data used to train the network and real data. The GammaLearn project, based on these CNN approaches, has already shown an increase in sensitivity on MC simulations for LST-1 as well as a lower energy threshold. This work applies the GammaLearn network to real data acquired by LST-1 and compares the results to the classical approach that uses random forests trained on extracted image parameters. The improvements on the background rejection, event direction, and energy reconstruction are discussed in this contribution. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Telescopes

Current Methods for Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate MRI Human Studies

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Larson, Peder E.Z. Bernard, Jenna M.L. Bankson, James A. Bøgh, Nikolaj Bok, Robert A. Chen, Albert P. Cunningham, Charles H. Gordon, Jeremy Hövener, Jan-Bernd Laustsen, Christoffer Mayer, Dirk McLean, Mary A. Schilling, Franz Slater, James Vanderheyden, Jean-Luc von Morze, Cornelius Vigneron, Daniel B. Xu, Duan Hansen, Esben Søvsø Szocska Miller, Jack Bertelsen, Lotte Bonde Vaeggemose, Michael Lin, Gigin Capozzi, Andrea Fuetterer, Max Chen, Albert Leftin, Avi Schulte, Rolf Rius, Irene Marco Booth, Thomas C. Mishkovsky, Mor Walker, Christopher Michael Keshari, Kayvan Woitek, Ramona Takado, Yuhei Vasquez, Crystal Müller, Christoph Floyd, Joel Grashei, Martin Topping, Geoff van Heijster, Frits Che, Jenny Kim, Yaewon Kurhanewicz, John Ohliger, Michael Sriram, Renuka Chaumeil, Myriam Bock, Michael Schmidt, Andreas Gallagher, Ferdia Chowdhury, Rafat Gong, Yangcan Punwani, Shonit Merritt, Matthew Grist, James Tyler, Damian Khashami, Fatemeh Malloy, Craig Park, Jae Mo Zaha, Vlad Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San FranciscoCA94143 United States UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California San Francisco United States University of California BerkeleyCA94143 United States Department of Imaging Physics MD Anderson Medical Center HoustonTX United States The MR Research Center Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark GE Healthcare Menlo ParkCA United States Sunnybrook Research Institute TorontoON Canada Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Kiel University Am Botanischen Garten 14 Kiel24118 Germany Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine BaltimoreMD United States Greenebaum Cancer Center University of Maryland School of Medicine BaltimoreMD United States Department of Radiology University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute University of Cambridge Li Ka Shing Center Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Nuclear Medicine School of Medicine Klinikum Rechts der Isar Technical University of Munich Munich81675 Germany JLVMI Consulting LLC DousmanWI United States Department of Radiology Washington University St. LouisMO United States Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan Technical University of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland GE Healthcare WaukeshaWI United States Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia Barcelona Spain Kings College London London United Kingdom École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland MD Anderson Cancer Center HoustonTX United States Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New YorkNY United States Danube Private University Kerns-Stein an der Donau Austria National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Chiba Japan National Institutes Health National Cancer Institute Bethe

MRI with hyperpolarized (HP) 13C agents, also known as HP 13C MRI, can measure processes such as localized metabolism that is altered in numerous cancers, liver, heart, kidney diseases, and more. It has been translated into human studies during the past 10 years, with recent rapid growth in studies largely based on increasing availability of hyperpolarized agent preparation methods suitable for use in humans. This paper aims to capture the current successful practices for HP MRI human studies with [1-13C]pyruvate - by far the most commonly used agent, which sits at a key metabolic junction in glycolysis. The paper is divided into four major topic areas: (1) HP 13C-pyruvate preparation, (2) MRI system setup and calibrations, (3) data acquisition and image reconstruction, and (4) data analysis and quantification. In each area, we identified the key components for a successful study, summarized both published studies and current practices, and discuss evidence gaps, strengths, and limitations. This paper is the output of the "HP 13C MRI Consensus Group" as well as the ISMRM Hyperpolarized Media MR and Hyperpolarized Methods & Equipment study groups. It further aims to provide a comprehensive reference for future consensus building as the field continues to advance human studies with this metabolic imaging modality. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

Author Correction: Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses improve resolution of genes and pathways influencing lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk

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Nature genetics 2023年第10期55卷 1778-1779页

作者： Nick Shrine Abril G Izquierdo Jing Chen Richard Packer Robert J Hall Anna L Guyatt Chiara Batini Rebecca J Thompson Chandan Pavuluri Vidhi Malik Brian D Hobbs Matthew Moll Wonji Kim Ruth Tal-Singer Per Bakke Katherine A Fawcett Catherine John Kayesha Coley Noemi Nicole Piga Alfred Pozarickij Kuang Lin Iona Y Millwood Zhengming Chen Liming Li Sara R A Wijnant Lies Lahousse Guy Brusselle Andre G Uitterlinden Ani Manichaikul Elizabeth C Oelsner Stephen S Rich R Graham Barr Shona M Kerr Veronique Vitart Michael R Brown Matthias Wielscher Medea Imboden Ayoung Jeong Traci M Bartz Sina A Gharib Claudia Flexeder Stefan Karrasch Christian Gieger Annette Peters Beate Stubbe Xiaowei Hu Victor E Ortega Deborah A Meyers Eugene R Bleecker Stacey B Gabriel Namrata Gupta Albert Vernon Smith Jian'an Luan Jing-Hua Zhao Ailin F Hansen Arnulf Langhammer Cristen Willer Laxmi Bhatta David Porteous Blair H Smith Archie Campbell Tamar Sofer Jiwon Lee Martha L Daviglus Bing Yu Elise Lim Hanfei Xu George T O'Connor Gaurav Thareja Omar M E Albagha Karsten Suhre Raquel Granell Tariq O Faquih Pieter S Hiemstra Annelies M Slats Benjamin H Mullin Jennie Hui Alan James John Beilby Karina Patasova Pirro Hysi Jukka T Koskela Annah B Wyss Jianping Jin Sinjini Sikdar Mikyeong Lee Sebastian May-Wilson Nicola Pirastu Katherine A Kentistou Peter K Joshi Paul R H J Timmers Alexander T Williams Robert C Free Xueyang Wang John L Morrison Frank D Gilliland Zhanghua Chen Carol A Wang Rachel E Foong Sarah E Harris Adele Taylor Paul Redmond James P Cook Anubha Mahajan Lars Lind Teemu Palviainen Terho Lehtimäki Olli T Raitakari Jaakko Kaprio Taina Rantanen Kirsi H Pietiläinen Simon R Cox Craig E Pennell Graham L Hall W James Gauderman Chris Brightling James F Wilson Tuula Vasankari Tarja Laitinen Veikko Salomaa Dennis O Mook-Kanamori Nicholas J Timpson Eleftheria Zeggini Josée Dupuis Caroline Hayward Ben Brumpton Claudia Langenberg Stefan Weiss Georg Homuth Carsten Oliver Schmidt Nicole Probst-Hensch Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin Alanna C Morrison Ozren Polasek Igor Department of Population Health Sciences University of Leicester Leicester UK. nick.shrine@leicester.ac.uk. Department of Population Health Sciences University of Leicester Leicester UK. Division of Respiratory Medicine and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham UK. Leicester National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre Glenfield Hospital Leicester UK. Channing Division of Network Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA USA. Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. COPD Foundation Washington DC USA. Department of Clinical Science Unversity of Bergen Bergen Norway. Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford Oxford UK. MRC Population Health Research Unit University of Oxford Oxford UK. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China. Department of Respiratory Diseases Ghent Universital Hospital Ghent Belgium. Department of Bioanalysis Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium. Department of Epidemiology Eramus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands. Department of Internal Medicine Eramus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands. Center for Public Health Genomics University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA. Department of Medicine Columbia University Medical Center New York NY USA. Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit Institute of Genetics and Cancer University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK. Human Genetics Center Department of Epidemiology Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences School of Public Health The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX USA. MRC Centre for Environment and Health Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Imperial College London London UK. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Swiss Tropical

Tight focusing of electromagnetic fields by large-aperture mirrors

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physical Review E 2019年第3期100卷 033316-033316页

作者： D. E. Shipilo I. A. Nikolaeva V. Yu. Fedorov S. Tzortzakis A. Couairon N. A. Panov O. G. Kosareva International Laser Center & Faculty of Physics M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University 1/62 Leninskie gori Moscow 119991 Russia P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences 53 Leninskiy prospect Moscow 119991 Russia Science Program Texas A&M University at Qatar P.O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL) Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH) P.O. Box 1527 GR-71110 Heraklion Greece Materials Science and Technology Department University of Crete 71003 Heraklion Greece CPHT CNRS Ecole Polytechnique Institut Polytechnique de Paris Route de Saclay F-91128 Palaiseau France Institute of Modern Optics Nankai University Tianjin 300350 China

We derive nonparaxial input conditions for simulations of tightly focused electromagnetic fields by means of unidirectional nonparaxial vectorial propagation equations. The derivation is based on the geometrical optics transfer of the incident electric field from significantly curved reflecting surfaces such as parabolic and conical mirrors to the input plane, with consideration of the finite thickness of the focusing element and large convergence angles, making the propagation vectorial and nonparaxial. We have benchmarked numerical solutions of propagation equations initiated with the nonparaxial input conditions against the solutions of Maxwell equations obtained by vectorial diffraction integrals. Both transverse and longitudinal components of the electric field obtained by these methods are in excellent agreement.

关键词： Electromagnetism Geometrical & wave optics Computational complexity

Perilipin 2 and lipid droplets provide reciprocal stabilization

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生物物理学报 2019年第3期5卷 145-160页

作者： Shimeng Xu Fei Zou Zhiqing Diao Shuyan Zhang Yaqin Deng Xiaotong Zhu Liujuan Cui Jinhai Yu Zhiguang Zhang Adekunle Toyin Bamigbade Hongchao Zhang Xuan Wei Xuelin Zhang Bin Liang Pingsheng Liu National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Graduate School of Anhui Medical University Hefei 230032 China General Hospital of Air Force Beijing 100142 China School of Life Sciences Anhui University Hefei 230601 China Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Science & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230032 China Department of Cell Biology and Genetics School of Basic Medical Sciences Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350004 China General Hospital of Air Force Beijing 100142 China School of Kinesiology and Health Capital University of Physical Education and Sports Beijing 100191 China Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Science & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China

The lipid droplet [LD]-associated protein adipose differentiation-related protein [ADRP or PLIN2] is required for the formation and stability of the LD organelle,whereas its biological roles are still ***,we show that PLIN2 is the most abundant protein on the lipid droplets [LDs] of mouse myoblast cell line *** the expression of PLIN2 and the accumulation of LDs were up-regulated in a time-and dose-dependent manner when the cells were treated with oleate [OA].The protein level of PLIN2 was positively correlated with the formation of LDs,suggesting that LDs stabilize ***,knocking out PLIN2 in C2C12 cells led to enlarged LDs and higher triacylglycerol hydrolysis *** isolated PLIN2 null LDs became closely contact with mitochondria and other cellular ***,mitochondrial activity was suppressed by OA in PLIN2 null *** results reveal the pivotal roles of PLIN2 in governing LD dynamics and their relationship to mitochondria,and suggest a reciprocal stabilization between PLIN2 and LDs.

关键词： Lipid droplets PLIN2 Triacylglycerol Mitochondria Hydrolysis

Development of an advanced SiPM camera for the large size telescope of the Cherenkov telescope array observatory

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Heller, Matthieu Armstrong, T. Bellato, M. Bergnoli, A. Bernardos, M. Bernasconi, E. Biland, A. Charbon, E. Corti, D. Dalchenko, M. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Emery, G. Gascón, D. Gómez, S. López-Coto, R. Mariotti, M. Miranda, L.D.M. Montaruli, T. Nagai, A. Rando, R. Saito, T. Tajima, H. Zietara, K. Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. de Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. DPNC - Université de Genève 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet GenèveCH-1211 Switzerland Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3 CPPM Marseille France INFN Sezione di Padova Via Marzolo Padova8 - 35131 Italy INFN Sezione di Torino via P. Giuria Torino1 - 10125 Italy Università degli Studi di Torino Dipartimento di Fisica via P. Giuria Torino1 - 10125 Italy Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research and Kobayashi–Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe Nagoya University Nagoya464-8601 Japan AQUA EPFL Neuchâtel Switzerland ETH Zurich Institute for Particle Physics Otto-Stern-Weg 5 Zurich8093 Switzerland Institute of Cosmos Sciencies - University of Barcelona Martí i Franquès 1 Barcelona08028 Spain Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo Japan Astronomical Observatory Jagiellonian University ul. Orla 171 Kraków30-244 Poland Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma INFN Sezione di Napoli Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3 CPPM The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine INFN Sezione di Catania University of Geneva Département de physique nucléair

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have become the baseline choice for cameras of the small-sized telescopes (SSTs) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). On the other hand, SiPMs are relatively new to the field and covering large surfaces and operating at high data rates still are challenges to outperform photomultipliers (PMTs). The higher sensitivity in the near infra-red and longer signals compared to PMTs result in higher night sky background rate for SiPMs. However, the robustness of the SiPMs represents a unique opportunity to ensure long-term operation with low maintenance and better duty cycle than PMTs. The proposed camera for large size telescopes will feature 0.05◦ pixels, low power and fast front-end electronics and a fully digital readout. In this work, we present the status of dedicated simulations and data analysis for the performance estimation. The design features and the different strategies identified, so far, to tackle the demanding requirements and the improved performance are described. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photomultipliers

Correction to: 3dSpAn: An interactive software for 3D segmentation and analysis of dendritic spines

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Neuroinformatics 2022年第3期20卷 699页

作者： Nirmal Das Ewa Baczynska Monika Bijata Blazej Ruszczycki Andre Zeug Dariusz Plewczynski Punam Kumar Saha Evgeni Ponimaskin Jakub Wlodarczyk Subhadip Basu Department of CSE Jadavpur University 188 Raja S.C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India. Department of CSE School of Engineering and Technology Adamas University Barbaria Kolkata West Bengal 700126 India. Laboratory of Cell Biophysics The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Polish Academy of Sciences Pasteura 3 02-093 Warsaw Poland. The Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzak Street 44/5201-22 Warsaw Poland. Laboratory of Imaging Tissue Structure and Function The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Polish Academy of Sciences Pasteura 3 02-093 Warsaw Poland. Cellular Neurophysiology Hannover Medical School 1 Carl‑Neuberg Street 30625 Hannover Germany. Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland. Laboratory of Functional and Structural Genomics Centre of New Technologies University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Department of Radiology University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA. Laboratory of Cell Biophysics The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Polish Academy of Sciences Pasteura 3 02-093 Warsaw Poland. j.wlodarczyk@nencki.edu.pl. Department of CSE Jadavpur University 188 Raja S.C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India. subhadip.basu@jadavpuruniversity.in.

Magnetoelectric spectroscopy of spin excitations in LiCoPO4

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physical Review B 2019年第15期100卷 155124-155124页

作者： V. Kocsis S. Bordács Y. Tokunaga J. Viirok L. Peedu T. Rõõm U. Nagel Y. Taguchi Y. Tokura I. Kézsmárki RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Department of Physics Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Lendület Magneto-optical Spectroscopy Research Group 1111 Budapest Hungary Hungarian Academy of Sciences Premium Postdoctor Program 1051 Budapest Hungary Department of Advanced Materials Science University of Tokyo Kashiwa 277-8561 Japan National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics Akadeemia tee 23 12618 Tallinn Estonia Department of Applied Physics and Tokyo College University of Tokyo Hongo Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Experimental Physics 5 Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism Institute of Physics University of Augsburg 86159 Augsburg Germany

We have studied spin excitations in a single-domain crystal of antiferromagnetic LiCoPO4 by terahertz absorption spectroscopy. By analyzing the selection rules and comparing the strengths of the absorption peaks in the different antiferromagnetic domains, we found electromagnons and magnetoelectric (ME) spin resonances in addition to conventional magnetic dipole active spin-wave excitations. Using the sum rule for the ME susceptibility, we determined the contribution of the spin excitations to all the different off-diagonal elements of the static ME susceptibility tensor in zero and finite magnetic fields. We conclude that the ME spin resonances are responsible for the static ME response of the bulk when the magnetic field is along the x axis, and the symmetric part of the ME tensor with zero diagonal elements dominates over the antisymmetric components.

关键词： Magnetic domains Magnetoelectric effect Order parameters Spin dynamics Antiferromagnets Magnetic insulators Multiferroics Terahertz spectroscopy

A New Standard DNA Damage (SDD) Data Format

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Schuemann, J. McNamara, A.L. Warmenhoven, J.W. Henthorn, N.T. Kirkby, K.J. Merchant, M.J. Ingram, S. Paganetti, H. Held, K.D. Ramos-Mendez, J. Faddegon, B. Perl, J. Goodhead, D.T. Plante, I. Rabus, H. Nettelbeck, H. Friedland, W. Kundrát, P. Ottolenghi, A. Baiocco, G. Barbieri, S. Dingfelder, M. Incerti, S. Villagrasa, C. Bueno, M. Bernal, M.A. Guatelli, S. Sakata, D. Brown, J.M.C. Francis, Z. Kyriakou, I. Lampe, N. Ballarini, Francesca Carante, M.P. Davídková, M. Štěpán, V. Jia, X. Cucinotta, F.A. Schulte, R. Stewart, R.D. Carlson, D.J. Galer, S. Kuncic, Z. Lacombe, S. Milligan, J. Cho, S.H. Sawakuchi, G. Inaniwa, T. Sato, T. Li, W. Solov'yov, A.V. Surdutovich, E. Durante, M. Prise, K.M. McMahon, S.J. Department of Radiation Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Division of Cancer Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Department of Radiation Oncology University of California San Francisco San FranciscoCA United States SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA United States Medical Research Council Harwell United Kingdom KBRwyle HoustonTX United States Braunschweig Germany Task Group 6.2 "Computational Micro- and Nanodosimetry" European Radiation Dosimetry Group e.V. Neuherberg Germany Institute of Radiation Protection Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health Neuherberg Germany Physics Department University of Pavia Pavia Italy Department of Physics East Carolina University GreenvilleNC United States CNRS IN2P3 CENBG UMR 5797 GradignanF-33170 France University of Bordeaux CENBG UMR 5797 GradignanF-33170 France Institut de Radioprotection et Sûreté Nucléaire Fontenay aux Roses Cedex F-92262 France Applied Physics Department Gleb Wataghin Institute of Physics State University of Campinas SP Campinas Brazil Centre for Medical Radiation Physics University of Wollongong WollongongNSW Australia Department of Radiation Science and Technology Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands Department of Physics Faculty of Science Saint Joseph University Beirut Lebanon Medical Physics Laboratory University of Ioannina Medical School Ioannina Greece Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics Section of Pavia PaviaI-27100 Italy Department of Radiation Dosimetry Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS Rež Czech Republic Department of Radiation Oncology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center DallasTX United States Health Physics and Diagnostic Sciences University of Nevada Las Vegas Las VegasNV United States Division of Biomedical Engineering Sciences School of Medicine Loma Linda University Loma LindaCA United S

Our understanding of radiation-induced cellular damage has greatly improved over the past few decades. Despite this progress, there are still many obstacles to fully understand how radiation interacts with biologically relevant cellular components, such as DNA, to cause observable end points such as cell killing. Damage in DNA is identified as a major route of cell killing. One hurdle when modeling biological effects is the difficulty in directly comparing results generated by members of different research groups. Multiple Monte Carlo codes have been developed to simulate damage induction at the DNA scale, while at the same time various groups have developed models that describe DNA repair processes with varying levels of detail. These repair models are intrinsically linked to the damage model employed in their development, making it difficult to disentangle systematic effects in either part of the modeling chain. These modeling chains typically consist of track-structure Monte Carlo simulations of the physical interactions creating direct damages to DNA, followed by simulations of the production and initial reactions of chemical species causing so-called ''indirect'' damages. After the induction of DNA damage, DNA repair models combine the simulated damage patterns with biological models to determine the biological consequences of the damage. To date, the effect of the environment, such as molecular oxygen (normoxic vs. hypoxic), has been poorly considered. We propose a new standard DNA damage (SDD) data format to unify the interface between the simulation of damage induction in DNA and the biological modeling of DNA repair processes, and introduce the effect of the environment (molecular oxygen or other compounds) as a flexible parameter. Such a standard greatly facilitates inter-model comparisons, providing an ideal environment to tease out model assumptions and identify persistent, underlying mechanisms. Through inter-model comparisons, this unified standard has

关键词： DNA