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arXiv 2022年

作者： Schiappucci, E. Bianchini, F. Aguena, M. Archipley, M. Balkenhol, L. Bleem, L.E. Chaubal, P. Crawford, T.M. Grandis, S. Omori, Y. Reichardt, C.L. Rozo, E. Rykoff, E.S. To, C. Abbott, T.M.C. Ade, P.A.R. Alves, O. Anderson, A.J. Andrade-Oliveira, F. Annis, J. Avva, J.S. Bacon, D. Benabed, K. Bender, A.N. Benson, B.A. Bernstein, G.M. Bertin, E. Bocquet, S. Bouchet, F.R. Brooks, D. Burke, D.L. Carlstrom, J.E. Carnero Rosell, A. Carrasco Kind, M. Carretero, J. Cecil, T.W. Chang, C.L. Chichura, P.M. Chou, T.-L. Costanzi, M. Cukierman, A. da Costa, L.N. Daley, C. de Haan, T. Desai, S. Dibert, K.R. Diehl, H.T. Dobbs, M.A. Doel, P. Doux, C. Dutcher, D. Everett, S. Everett, W. Feng, C. Ferguson, K.R. Ferrero, I. Ferté, A. Flaugher, B. Foster, A. Frieman, J. Galli, S. Gambrel, A.E. García-Bellido, J. Gardner, R.W. Gatti, M. Giannantonio, T. Goeckner-Wald, N. Gruen, D. Gualtieri, R. Guns, S. Gutierrez, G. Halverson, N.W. Hinton, S.R. Hivon, E. Holder, G.P. Hollowood, D.L. Holzapfel, W.L. Honscheid, K. Hood, J.C. Huang, N. James, D.J. Knox, L. Korman, M. Kuehn, K. Kuo, C.-L. Lahav, O. Lee, A.T. Lidman, C. Lima, M. Lowitz, A.E. Lu, C. March, M. Mena-Fernández, J. Menanteau, F. Millea, M. Miquel, R. Mohr, J.J. Montgomery, J. Muir, J. Natoli, T. Noble, G.I. Novosad, V. Ogando, R.L.C. Padin, S. Pan, Z. Paz-Chinchón, F. Pereira, M.E.S. Pieres, A. Plazas Malagón, A.A. Prabhu, K. Prat, J. Quan, W. Rahlin, A. Raveri, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, M. Romer, A.K. Rouble, M. Ruhl, J.E. Sanchez, E. Scarpine, V. Schubnell, M. Smecher, G. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, M. Sobrin, J.A. Suchyta, E. Suzuki, A. Tarle, G. Thomas, D. Thompson, K.L. Thorne, B. Tucker, C. Umilta, C. Vieira, J.D. Vincenzi, M. Wang, G. Weaverdyck, N. Weller, J. Whitehorn, N. Wu, W.L.K. Yefremenko, V. Young, M.R. School of Physics University of Melbourne ParkvilleVIC3010 Australia Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Stanford University 452 Lomita Mall StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Physics Stanford University 382 Via Pueblo Mall StanfordCA94305 United States SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA Rua Gal. José Cristino 77 RJ Rio de Janeiro20921-400 Brazil Department of Astronomy University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 1002 West Green Street UrbanaIL61801 United States Center for AstroPhysical Surveys National Center for Supercomputing Applications UrbanaIL61801 United States High-Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue. LemontIL60439 United States Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States University Observatory Faculty of Physics Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Scheinerstr. 1 Munich81679 Germany Excellence Cluster ORIGINS Boltzmannstr. 2 Garching85748 Germany Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology Stanford University P. O. Box 2450 StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Physics University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory Casilla 603 La Serena Chile School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff Univer

We infer the mean optical depth of a sample of optically-selected galaxy clusters from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) via the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect. The pairwise kSZ signal between pairs of clusters drawn from the DES Year-3 cluster catalog is detected at 4.1 σ in cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature maps from two years of observations with the SPT-3G camera on the South Pole Telescope. After cuts, there are 24,580 clusters in the ∼ 1,400 deg2 of the southern sky observed by both experiments. We infer the mean optical depth of the cluster sample with two techniques. The optical depth inferred from the pairwise kSZ signal is τ¯e = (2.97 ± 0.73) × 10−3, while that inferred from the thermal SZ signal is τ¯e = (2.51±0.55stat ±0.15syst)×10−3. The two measures agree at 0.6 σ. We perform a suite of systematic checks to test the robustness of the analysis. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Kinematics

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Fermi-detection of γ-ray Emissions from the Hot Coronae of Radio-quiet Active Galactic Nuclei

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Abdollahi, S. Ajello, M. Alves Batista, R. Baldini, L. Bartolini, C. Bastieri, D. Becerra Gonzalez, J. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R.D. Bonino, R. Bruel, P. Buson, S. Cameron, R.A. Caraveo, P.A. Cavazzuti, E. Chiaro, G. Cibrario, N. Ciprini, S. Cristarella Orestano, P. Cutini, S. D’Ammando, F. Di Lalla, N. Dinesh, A. Di Venere, L. Domínguez, A. Fegan, S.J. Fiori, A. Franckowiak, A. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasbarra, C. Gasparrini, D. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giliberti, M. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Green, D. Grenier, I.A. Guiriec, S. Hashizume, M. Hays, E. Hewitt, J.W. Horan, D. Hou, Xian Karwin, C. Kayanoki, T. Kuss, M. Laviron, A. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Li, Jian Liodakis, I. Liu, Jun-Rong Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lorusso, L. Lubrano, P. Maldera, S. Marcotulli, L. Martí-Devesa, G. Mazziotta, M.N. Mereu, I. Michelson, P.F. Mirabal, N. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M.E. Morishita, T. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I.V. Negro, M. Niwa, R. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J.F. Paneque, D. Panzarini, G. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pillera, R. Porter, T.A. Principe, G. Rainò, S. Rando, R. Rani, B. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Sánchez-Conde, M. Saz Parkinson, P.M. Serini, D. Sgrò, C. Siskind, E.J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Suson, D.J. Tajima, H. Thayer, J.B. Torres, D.F. Wang, Jian-Min Zhao, Zi-Hao Department of Physics and Astronomy Clemson University Kinard Lab of Physics ClemsonSC29634-0978 United States Instituto de Física Teórica UAM CSIC Universidad Autónoma de Madrid MadridE-28049 Spain Università di Pisa Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pisa PisaI-56127 Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bari BariI-70126 Italy Università degli studi di Trento via Calepina 14 Trento38122 Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova PadovaI-35131 Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "G. Galilei" Università di Padova Via F. Marzolo 8 PadovaI-35131 Italy Center for Space Studies and Activities "G. Colombo" University of Padova Via Venezia 15 PadovaI-35131 Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Universidad de La Laguna Dpto. Astrofísica Tenerife La Laguna38200 Spain Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pisa PisaI-56127 Italy California State University Los Angeles Department of Physics and Astronomy Los AngelesCA90032 United States Dipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari via Amendola 173 BariI-70126 Italy W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Department of Physics SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Torino TorinoI-10125 Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi di Torino TorinoI-10125 Italy Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet CNRS IN2P3 École polytechnique Institut Polytechnique de Paris Palaiseau91120 France Institut für Theoretische Physik and Astrophysik Universität Würzburg WürzburgD-97074 Germany INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica Milano via E. Bassini 15 MilanoI-20133 Italy Italian Space Agency Via del Politecnico snc Roma00133 Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Roma "Tor Vergata" RomaI-00133 Italy Space Sci

Relativistic jets around supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are well-known powerful γ-ray emitters. In absence of the jets in radio-quiet active galactic nuclei (AGNs), how the SMBHs work in γ-ray bands is still unknown despite of great observational efforts made in the last 3 decades. Considering the previous efforts, we carefully select an AGN sample composed of 37 nearby Seyfert galaxies with ultra-hard X-rays for the goals of γ-ray detections by excluding all potential contamination in this band. Adopting a stacking technique, here we report the significant γ-ray detection (TS = 30.6, or 5.2 σ) from the sample using 15-year Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) observation. We find an average γ-ray luminosity of the sample as (1.5 ± 1.0) × 1040 erg s−1 at energies from 1-300 GeV. Limited by the well-known pair production from the interaction of γ-rays with low energy photons, several GeV γ-rays are found to originate from an extended corona (∼ 2.7 × 106Rg), whereas the canonical much more compact X-ray corona (∼ 10Rg) is responsible for 1 to several GeV γ-rays. The finding of the compact region lends to strong supports to the long-time theoretical expectations, but the extended corona is beyond all the existing models. One promising scenario is that the electron-positron pairs produced in the compact X-ray corona would expand as fireball, similar to that in γ-ray bursts, forming the structure of extended corona. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Active Galactic Nuclei

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Correction to "DFT Modeling of Cross-Linked Polyethylene: Role of Gold Atoms and Dispersion Interactions"

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The journal of physical chemistry. A 2018年第18期122卷 4591-4592页

作者： Martin Blaško Pavel Mach Andrej Antušek Miroslav Urban Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University Mlynská dolina Ilkovičova 6 841 04 Bratislava Slovakia. Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics Faculty of Mathematics Physics and Informatics Comenius University Mlynská dolina 84248 Bratislava Slovakia. Advanced Technologies Research Institute Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Bottova 25 917 24 Trnava Slovakia.

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Miscibility‐Controlled Phase Separation in Double‐Cable Conjugated Polymers for Single‐Component Organic Solar Cells with Efficiencies over 8 %

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Angewandte Chemie 2020年第48期132卷

作者： Xudong Jiang Jinjin Yang Safakath Karuthedath Junyu Li Wenbin Lai Cheng Li Chengyi Xiao Long Ye Zaifei Ma Zheng Tang Frédéric Laquai Weiwei Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) KAUST Solar Center (KSC) Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE) Material Science and Engineering Program (MSE) Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China Institute of Applied Chemistry Jiangxi Academy of Sciences Nanchang 330096 P. R. China

A record power conversion efficiency of 8.40 % was obtained in single‐component organic solar cells (SCOSCs) based on double‐cable conjugated polymers. This is realized based on exciton separation playing the same role as charge transport in SCOSCs. Two double‐cable conjugated polymers were designed with almost identical conjugated backbones and electron‐withdrawing side units, but extra Cl atoms had different positions on the conjugated backbones. When Cl atoms were positioned at the main chains, the polymer formed the twist backbones, enabling better miscibility with the naphthalene diimide side units. This improves the interface contact between conjugated backbones and side units, resulting in efficient conversion of excitons into free charges. These findings reveal the importance of charge generation process in SCOSCs and suggest a strategy to improve this process: controlling miscibility between conjugated backbones and aromatic side units in double‐cable conjugated polymers.

关键词： double-cable conjugated polymers miscibility naphthalene diimide phase separation single-component organic solar cells

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Search for a diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux with KM3NeT/ARCA using data of 2021-2022 38

Search for a diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux with KM3NeT...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Tsourapis, Vasileios Drakopoulou, Evangelia Markou, Christos Sinopoulou, Anna Tzamariudaki, Ekaterini Aiello, S. Albert, A. Alves Garre, S. Aly, Z. Ambrosone, A. Ameli, F. Andre, M. Androutsou, E. Anguita, M. Aphecetche, L. Ardid, M. Ardid, S. Atmani, H. Aublin, J. Bailly-Salins, L. Bardačová, Z. Baret, B. Bariego-Quintana, A. Basegmez du Pree, S. Becherini, Y. Bendahman, M. Benfenati, F. Benhassi, M. Benoit, D.M. Berbee, E. Bertin, V. Biagi, S. Boettcher, M. Bonanno, D. Boumaaza, J. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, M. Bozza, C. Bozza, R.M. Brânzaş, H. Bretaudeau, F. Bruijn, R. Brunner, J. Bruno, R. Buis, E. Buompane, R. Busto, J. Caiffi, B. Calvo, D. Campion, S. Capone, A. Carenini, F. Carretero, V. Cartraud, T. Castaldi, P. Cecchini, V. Celli, S. Cerisy, L. Chabab, M. Chadolias, M. Chen, A. Cherubini, S. Chiarusi, T. Circella, M. Cocimano, R. Coelho, J.A.B. Coleiro, A. Coniglione, R. Coyle, P. Creusot, A. Cruz, A. Cuttone, G. Dallier, R. Darras, Y. De Benedittis, A. De Martino, B. Decoene, V. Del Burgo, R. Di Cerbo, U.M. Di Mauro, L.S. Di Palma, I. Díaz, A.F. Diaz, C. Diego-Tortosa, D. Distefano, C. Domi, A. Donzaud, C. Dornic, D. Dörr, M. Drakopoulou, E. Drouhin, D. Dvornický, R. Eberl, T. Eckerová, E. Eddymaoui, A. van Eeden, T. Eff, M. van Eijk, D. El Bojaddaini, I. El Hedri, S. Enzenhöfer, A. Ferrara, G. Filipović, M.D. Filippini, F. Franciotti, D. Fusco, L.A. Gabriel, J. Gagliardini, S. Gal, T. García Méndez, J. Garcia Soto, A. Gatius Oliver, C. Geißelbrecht, N. Ghaddari, H. Gialanella, L. Gibson, B.K. Giorgio, E. Goos, I. Goupilliere, D. Gozzini, S.R. Gracia, R. Graf, K. Guidi, C. Guillon, B. Gutiérrez, M. van Haren, H. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, A. Hennig, L. Hernández-Rey, J.J. Huang, F. Idrissi Ibnsalih, W. Illuminati, G. James, C.W. de Jong, M. de Jong, P. Jung, B.J. Kalaczyński, P. Kalekin, O. Katz, U.F. Khan Chowdhury, N.R. Khatun, A. Kistauri, G. Kopper, C. Kouchner, A. Kulikovskiy, V. Kvatadze, R. Labalme, M. Lahmann, R. Larosa, G. NCSR "Demokritos" Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics Ag. Paraskevi Attikis Athens15310 Greece National Technical University of Athens School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences Zografou Campus 9 Iroon Polytechniou str Zografou Athens15780 Greece INFN Sezione di Catania Via Santa Sofia Catania64 - 95123 Italy Université de Strasbourg CNRS IPHC UMR 7178 StrasbourgF-67000 France c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2 Paterna Valencia46980 Spain Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM Marseille France INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia ed. G Napoli80126 Italy Università di Napoli "Federico II" Dip. Scienze Fisiche "E. Pancini" Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia ed. G Napoli80126 Italy INFN Sezione di Roma Piazzale Aldo Moro 2 Roma00185 Italy Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Laboratori d’Aplicacions Bioacústiques Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú Avda. Rambla Exposició s/n Vilanova i la Geltrú08800 Spain University of Granada Dept. of Computer Architecture and Technology/CITIC Granada18071 Spain Subatech IMT Atlantique IN2P3-CNRS Université de Nantes 4 rue Alfred Kastler - La Chantrerie BP Nantes20722 44307 France Universitat Politècnica de València Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de las Zonas Costeras C/ Paranimf 1 Gandia46730 Spain University Mohammed V in Rabat Faculty of Sciences 4 av. Ibn Battouta B.P. 1014 RabatR.P. 10000 Morocco Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie ParisF-75013 France LPC CAEN Normandie Univ ENSICAEN UNICAEN CNRS IN2P3 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin Caen14050 France Czech Technical University in Prague Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics Husova 240/5 Prague110 00 Czech Republic Comenius University in Bratislava Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics Mlynska dolina F1 Bratislava842 48 Slovakia Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics PO Box 41882 Amsterdam1

KM3NeT is a research infrastructure hosting two neutrino detectors which are currently under construction in the Mediterranean Sea. The KM3NeT/ARCA detector focuses on the detection of high energy neutrinos (>TeV) from astrophysical sources. In this contribution, an analysis of the data obtained during 2021-2022, using machine learning techniques, is presented. The potential of KM3NeT/ARCA to detect a diffuse flux of astrophysical neutrinos at the early stages of the detector construction is reported. The results of this analysis are presented. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Astrophysics

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Ptychographic wavefront characterisation for single-particle imaging at X-ray lasers

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Daurer, Benedikt J. Sala, Simone Hantke, Max F. Reddy, Hemanth K.N. Bielecki, Johan Shen, Zhou Nettelblad, Carl Svenda, Martin Ekeberg, Tomas Carini, Gabriella A. Hart, Philip Osipov, Timur Aquila, Andrew Loh, N. Duane Maia, Filipe R.N.C. Thibault, Pierre Centre for BioImaging Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore117557 Singapore Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala University UppsalaSE-75124 Sweden Diamond Light Source Harwell Science & Innovation Campus DidcotOX11 0DE United Kingdom Department of Physics & Astronomy University College London LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Southampton SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory Oxford University OxfordOX1 3QZO United Kingdom European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 4 Schenefeld22869 Germany Department of Physics National University of Singapore Singapore117557 Singapore Division of Scientific Computing Department of Information Technology Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University UppsalaSE-75105 Sweden Department of Applied Physics Biomedical and X-Ray Physics KTH – Royal Institute of Technology StockholmSE 10691 Sweden SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States NERSC Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Universitá degli Studi di Trieste Trieste34127 Italy

A well-characterised wavefront is important for many X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) experiments, especially for single-particle imaging (SPI), where individual bio-molecules randomly sample a nanometer-region of highly-focused femtosecond pulses. We demonstrate high-resolution multiple-plane wavefront imaging of an ensemble of XFEL pulses, focused by Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors, based on mixed-state ptychography, an approach letting us infer and reduce experimental sources of instability. From the recovered wavefront profiles, we show that while local photon fluence correction is crucial and possible for SPI, a small diversity of phase-tilts likely has no impact. Our detailed characterisation will aid interpretation of data from past and future SPI experiments, and provides a basis for further improvements to experimental design and reconstruction algorithms. © 2020 Optical Society of America Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wavefronts

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Measurement of the atmospheric muon neutrino flux with KM3NeT/ORCA6 38

Measurement of the atmospheric muon neutrino flux with KM3Ne...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Stavropoulos, Dimitris Tzamariudaki, Ekaterini Drakopoulou, Evangelia Markou, Christos Aiello, S. Albert, A. Alves Garre, S. Aly, Z. Ambrosone, A. Ameli, F. Andre, M. Androutsou, E. Anguita, M. Aphecetche, L. Ardid, M. Ardid, S. Atmani, H. Aublin, J. Bailly-Salins, L. Bardačová, Z. Baret, B. Bariego-Quintana, A. Basegmez du Pree, S. Becherini, Y. Bendahman, M. Benfenati, F. Benhassi, M. Benoit, D.M. Berbee, E. Bertin, V. Biagi, S. Boettcher, M. Bonanno, D. Boumaaza, J. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, M. Bozza, C. Bozza, R.M. Brânzaş, H. Bretaudeau, F. Bruijn, R. Brunner, J. Bruno, R. Buis, E. Buompane, R. Busto, J. Caiffi, B. Calvo, D. Campion, S. Capone, A. Carenini, F. Carretero, V. Cartraud, T. Castaldi, P. Cecchini, V. Celli, S. Cerisy, L. Chabab, M. Chadolias, M. Chen, A. Cherubini, S. Chiarusi, T. Circella, M. Cocimano, R. Coelho, J.A.B. Coleiro, A. Coniglione, R. Coyle, P. Creusot, A. Cruz, A. Cuttone, G. Dallier, R. Darras, Y. De Benedittis, A. De Martino, B. Decoene, V. Del Burgo, R. Di Cerbo, U.M. Di Mauro, L.S. Di Palma, I. Díaz, A.F. Diaz, C. Diego-Tortosa, D. Distefano, C. Domi, A. Donzaud, C. Dornic, D. Dörr, M. Drakopoulou, E. Drouhin, D. Dvornický, R. Eberl, T. Eckerová, E. Eddymaoui, A. van Eeden, T. Eff, M. van Eijk, D. El Bojaddaini, I. El Hedri, S. Enzenhöfer, A. Ferrara, G. Filipović, M.D. Filippini, F. Franciotti, D. Fusco, L.A. Gabriel, J. Gagliardini, S. Gal, T. García Méndez, J. Garcia Soto, A. Gatius Oliver, C. Geißelbrecht, N. Ghaddari, H. Gialanella, L. Gibson, B.K. Giorgio, E. Goos, I. Goupilliere, D. Gozzini, S.R. Gracia, R. Graf, K. Guidi, C. Guillon, B. Gutiérrez, M. van Haren, H. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, A. Hennig, L. Hernández-Rey, J.J. Huang, F. Idrissi Ibnsalih, W. Illuminati, G. James, C.W. de Jong, M. de Jong, P. Jung, B.J. Kalaczyński, P. Kalekin, O. Katz, U.F. Khan Chowdhury, N.R. Khatun, A. Kistauri, G. Kopper, C. Kouchner, A. Kulikovskiy, V. Kvatadze, R. Labalme, M. Lahmann, R. Larosa, G. National Technical University of Athens School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences Zografou Campus 9 Iroon Polytechniou str Zografou Athens15780 Greece INFN Sezione di Catania Via Santa Sofia 64 Catania95123 Italy Université de Strasbourg CNRS IPHC UMR 7178 StrasbourgF-67000 France c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2 Paterna Valencia46980 Spain Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM Marseille France INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia ed. G Napoli80126 Italy Università di Napoli "Federico II" Dip. Scienze Fisiche "E. Pancini" Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia ed. G Napoli80126 Italy INFN Sezione di Roma Piazzale Aldo Moro 2 Roma00185 Italy Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Laboratori d’Aplicacions Bioacústiques Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú Avda. Rambla Exposició s/n Vilanova i la Geltrú08800 Spain NCSR Demokritos Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics Ag. Paraskevi Attikis Athens15310 Greece University of Granada Dept. of Computer Architecture and Technology/CITIC Granada18071 Spain Subatech IMT Atlantique IN2P3-CNRS Université de Nantes 4 rue Alfred Kastler - La Chantrerie BP 20722 Nantes44307 France Universitat Politècnica de València Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de las Zonas Costeras C/ Paranimf 1 Gandia46730 Spain University Mohammed V in Rabat Faculty of Sciences 4 av. Ibn Battouta B.P. 1014 RabatR.P. 10000 Morocco Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie ParisF-75013 France LPC CAEN Normandie Univ ENSICAEN UNICAEN CNRS IN2P3 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin Caen14050 France Czech Technical University in Prague Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics Husova 240/5 Prague110 00 Czech Republic Comenius University in Bratislava Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics Mlynska dolina F1 Bratislava842 48 Slovakia Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics PO Box 41882 Amsterdam1009

The KM3NeT/ORCA detector (Oscillation Research with Cosmics in the Abyss) is an array of Digital Optical Modules, spheres that host 31 photomultiplier tubes, tied together in vertical structures, the Detection Units, which are anchored on the seabed. Such an array configuration can detect neutrino events from the Cherenkov radiation emitted by the secondary particles induced by neutrino interactions in the abyssal depths of the Mediterranean Sea. The KM3NeT/ORCA detector is being deployed at a depth of 2450 m offshore Toulon, France with the determination of the Neutrino Mass Ordering being the main physics goal of the detector. The aim of this work is the study of atmospheric neutrinos with energies at the 1-100 GeV range, in order to obtain information on the atmospheric muon neutrino flux in this energy range, in which only few measurements exist by other experiments. An analysis of data collected with the 6-Detection Unit configuration of KM3NeT/ORCA (KM3NeT/ORCA6) is being presented in this contribution. The data analyzed corresponds to a time period of one and a half year. The procedure for the selection of a high-purity atmospheric neutrino sample, using a Machine Learning classifier (Boosted Decision Tree), is described. Subsequently, an unfolding scheme is used to obtain an estimation of the atmospheric muon neutrino flux in bins of energy in the region of interest. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Neutron flux

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Neurostimulation: Neural and Psychological Predictors of Cognitive Enhancement and Impairment from Neurostimulation (Adv. Sci. 4/2020)

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Advanced science 2020年第4期7卷 2070022-2070022页

作者： Li-Zhuang Yang Wei Zhang Wenjuan Wang Zhiyu Yang Hongzhi Wang Zhi-De Deng Chuanfu Li Bensheng Qiu Da-Ren Zhang Roi Cohen Kadosh Hai Li Xiaochu Zhang Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology Center of Medical Physics and Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui 230031 China Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Science Hefei Anhui 230031 China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch Intramural Research Program National Institute of Mental Health National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892-9663 USA Laboratory of Digital Medical Imaging Medical Imaging Center First Affiliated Hospital Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei Anhui 230031 China Center for Biomedical Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China Department of Experimental Psychology University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3UD UK Academy of Psychology and Behavior Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China Hefei Medical Research Center on Alcohol Addiction Anhui Mental Health Center Hefei 230022 China

In article number https://***/10.1002/advs.201902863 , Hai Li, Xiaochu Zhang, and co‐workers demonstrate the necessity and feasibility of pre‐stimulation screening before neurostimulation. A lesser degree of functional asymmetry of the temporoparietal junction (TPJ) and a higher degree of social‐related difficulties predicts more beneficial effects on social abilities for both left and right TPJ stimulation. The medial prefrontal cortex, which couples with bilateral TPJ, is a potential hub modulating the brain stimulation effect.

关键词： lateralization medial superior frontal gyrus neurostimulation tDCS temporoparietal junction

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Higher winding number in a nonunitary photonic quantum walk

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physical Review A 2018年第6期98卷 063847-063847页

作者： Lei Xiao Xingze Qiu Kunkun Wang Zhihao Bian Xiang Zhan Hideaki Obuse Barry C. Sanders Wei Yi Peng Xue Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100084 China Department of Physics Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China CAS Hefei 230026 China Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China CAS Hefei 230026 China Department of Applied Physics Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8628 Japan Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale University of Science and Technology of China CAS Hefei 230026 China Institute for Quantum Science and Technology University of Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4 Program in Quantum Information Science Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Toronto Ontario Canada M5G 1M1 State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China

Topological matter exhibits exotic properties yet phases characterized by large topological invariants are difficult to implement, despite rapid experimental progress. A promising route toward higher topological invariants is via engineered Floquet systems, particularly in photonics, where flexible control holds the potential of extending the study of conventional topological matter to novel regimes. Here we implement a one-dimensional photonic quantum walk to explore large winding numbers. By introducing partial measurements and hence loss into the system, we detect winding numbers of three and four in multistep nonunitary quantum walks, which agree well with theoretical predictions. Moreover, by probing statistical moments of the walker, we identify locations of topological phase transitions in the system and reveal the breaking of pseudounitary near topological phase boundaries. As the winding numbers are associated with nonunitary time evolution, our investigation enriches understanding of topological phenomena in nonunitary settings.

关键词： Geometric & topological phases Open quantum systems & decoherence Optical quantum information processing Quantum optics Quantum simulation Random walks

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Analyses of protein cores reveal fundamental differences between solution and crystal structures

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Mei, Zhe Treado, John D. Grigas, Alex T. Levine, Zachary A. Regan, Lynne O'Hern, Corey S. Integrated Graduate Program in Physical & Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Chemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Graduate Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Pathology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Institute of Quantitative Biology Biochemistry and Biotechnology Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

There have been several studies suggesting that protein structures solved by NMR spectroscopy and x-ray crystallography show significant differences. To understand the origin of these differences, we assembled a database of high-quality protein structures solved by both methods. We also find significant differences between NMR and crystal structures|in the root-mean-square deviations of the Cα atomic positions, identities of core amino acids, backbone and sidechain dihedral angles, and packing fraction of core residues. In contrast to prior studies, we identify the physical basis for these differences by modelling protein cores as jammed packings of amino-acid-shaped particles. We find that we can tune the jammed packing fraction by varying the degree of thermalization used to generate the packings. For an athermal protocol, we find that the average jammed packing fraction is identical to that observed in the cores of protein structures solved by x-ray crystallography. In contrast, highly thermalized packing-generation protocols yield jammed packing fractions that are even higher than those observed in NMR structures. These results indicate that thermalized systems can pack more densely than athermal systems, which suggests a physical basis for the structural differences between protein structures solved by NMR and x-ray crystallography. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： X ray crystallography

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