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Performance Evaluation of RPL Protocol Under Decreased and Increased Rank Attacks: A Focus on Smart Home Use-case

SN computer Science 2023年第4期4卷 329页

作者： Bang, Ankur Rao, Udai Pratap Knowledge Associate Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) Maharashtra Mumbai 400049 India Computer Science and Engineering Department National Institute of Technology Bihar Patna 800005 India

The rank value of a node in Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) plays a significant role in preventing loops and route optimization. Advertising a fake rank value creates a false topology and can degrade network performance to a great extent. This manuscript aims to study the effects of increased and decreased variants of the rank attack on the RPL performance. We consider a smart home network topology to evaluate the RPL performance, and the simulation experiments are performed using the cooja simulator. Through this study, we portray a rational analysis and discuss how the network performance can be degraded by each variant of the rank attack and the position of the attacker node in the network topology. The simulation results obtained in our work demonstrate how each variant of the rank attack can disrupt the default RPL working. We notice significant effects of both the studied rank attacks on the crucial parameters like packet overhead, average inter-packet time, packet delivery ratio and average power consumption. Researchers working in this field can take advantage of our research findings and extend their study to develop new defence mechanisms against these attacks. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： IoT Performance evaluation Rank attack RPL Smart home

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IoT enabled Battery Monitoring System (BMS) for Industrial, commercial and Home Applications

IoT enabled Battery Monitoring System (BMS) for Industrial, ...

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International communication Systems and Networks and Workshops, cOMSNETS

作者： Shubham Madane Priyusha K R Ashutosh Singh T Praveen Kumar Vishal J. Rathod Kaushik Nanda Hari Babu Pasupuleti S D Sudarsan Internet of Things - Research and Development Group Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) Bengaluru Karnataka IN

ISBN: (数字)9798331531195

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531201

Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) supply power in the event of a failure, which is critical for stationary applications. Engineers, on the other hand, face challenges in sustaining peak efficiency batteries because maintenance must be done on a frequent basis. The most common solution is Battery Monitoring Systems (BMS), which are primarily designed for industrial applications and may make it difficult to efficiently interpret battery data patterns without regular monitoring. Furthermore, battery technology will be evaluated, accelerating the evolution of the BMS from a simple monitoring unit to a multi-functional integrated one. To address these challenges, the goal of this paper is to design a robust Battery Monitoring System that uses the Internet of Things (IoT) to make it smart and provide continuous service. This work contains IoT-enabled hardware that monitors current, voltage, temperature, state of charge, internal resistance, and remaining runtime of the battery. The performance of the proposed solution is rigorously verified in a real-time testbed installed at the office. In addition, this work includes a web application that allows customers to easily configure parameters and assures efficient battery monitoring. The results demonstrate precise measurement and functional state of the battery in a timely manner. The proposed method can be readily integrated into any existing industrial or commercial system to improve operational efficiency.

关键词： Temperature sensors Temperature measurement Resistance Runtime Real-time systems Batteries Internet of Things State of charge Monitoring Uninterruptible power systems

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Segmentation of Watery Low Land Area using Hyperspectral Imaging Technique: A comparative Study with PPI, N-FINDR, ATGP, and FIPPI

Segmentation of Watery Low Land Area using Hyperspectral Ima...

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Machine Intelligence for GeoAnalytics and Remote Sensing (MIGARS), International conference on

作者： Gopinath Bej Tamal Dey Abhra Pal Tapas Sutradhar Amitava Akuli Alokesh Ghosh Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) Kolkata India

Segmentation of hyperspectral images can be achieved by utilizing the abundance map. Before generating an abundance map, endmember detection is necessary. The algorithms for endmember detection are Pixel Purity Index (PPI), N-FINDR, Automatic Target Generation Process (ATGP), and Fast Iterative Pixel Purity Index (FIPPI). Based on the spectral signature of the extracted endmembers, the abundance map can be generated using Fully constrained Least Squares (FcLS), Non-negative constrained Least Squares (NNLS), and Unconstrained Least Squares (UcLS) algorithms. This paper proposes to explore the possible combinations of endmember detection and abundance map generation algorithms. A comparative study was conducted on the combination of algorithms, and it was discovered that FIPPI and UcLS together take the least amount of time to execute, whereas PPI and FcLS take the most time to execute. Though, the trade-off analysis shows that ATGP and NNLS could be an optimum option for this case study of segmentation of watery low land area.

关键词： Image segmentation Runtime Heuristic algorithms Measurement uncertainty Libraries Iterative algorithms Indexes

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NLoS-VIcINITY: A Non-Line of Sight Approach for Visible LIght communication based INdoor PosITioning SYstem

NLoS-VICINITY: A Non-Line of Sight Approach for Visible LIgh...

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International conference on advanced communication Technology (IcAcT)

作者： Dhivya G Hariharan K Sayantani Bhattacharya Poonguzhali P Vaibhav M Lokeshwar S Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) Chennai India

In recent years with the rapid development of wireless communication technologies, positioning the person inside a building and providing various indoor location-based services have gradually penetrated in our daily life. Radio frequency (RF) based positioning techniques such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Bluetooth and Wi-Fi plays a major role in indoors as GPS is unreliable in interior spaces because of the attenuation faced by the satellite signals. But RF based solutions require additional devices to position the user which in-turn increases the infrastructure cost. Among the optical Wireless communication (OWc) technologies, Visible Light communication (VLc) can be an alternative to RF based positioning with little modification in existing lighting infrastructure. VLc combines illumination and communication thereby saving energy and cost. Unlike RF based positioning systems, VLc based positioning requires Line of Sight (LoS) to establish communication between transmitter and receiver which may create user discomfort. A novel user comfort enabled solution using Non-line of Sight approach has been developed to position the user in an indoor environment using VLc. This paper explains the challenges existing in LoS based positioning approach, our proposed system and presents the results of experimental analysis.

关键词： Radio frequency Wireless communication costs Satellite broadcasting Radio transmitters Lighting Optical transmitters

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Intelligent Dictionary Elements Extraction using Optical character Recognition and Deep Learning based Object Detection

Intelligent Dictionary Elements Extraction using Optical Cha...

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International conference for convergence of Technology (I2cT)

作者： Nigod Dayal Dhurke Sanjay Rabidas Sanket Vijay Narkhede Human Centred Design Computing Group Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) Pune India

ISBN: (数字)9798350394474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394481

The Sanskrit Encyclopaedic Dictionary conceived and compiled by Deccan college Post Graduate Institute, Pune, India is available in paper format. For greater reach, there is a need for digitization of the dictionaries and conversion of these volumes into a comprehensive structured database. These volumes have Articles with a typical complex structure. In this paper, a novel approach for Automatic Lexical Element Extraction from Sanskrit Encyclopaedic Dictionary Pages (ALEE-SED) that consists of Sanskrit Dictionary Page Segmentation into articles and their meaning blocks using Optical character Recognition (OcR) and Detectron2 Model further followed by an intelligent article wise dictionary (Lexical) element extraction is described.

关键词： Deep learning Dictionaries Databases Optical character recognition Object detection convergence

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Generalising Whole Page Handwritten Text Recognition With Parallel Scheduled Sampling

Generalising Whole Page Handwritten Text Recognition With Pa...

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International conference on Image Information Processing

作者： H N Vivek Kapil Mehrotra Ronak Shah Swati Mehta Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) Pune India

ISBN: (数字)9798350371406

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371413

The Encoder-Decoder architecture is often used for the seq-to-seq conversion problems in natural language processing. The Encoder is used for feature extraction and the Decoder to generate the sequence. This paper addresses a similar Encoder-Decoder architecture for the image-to-text conversion for offline Handwritten Text (whole paragraphs as input without prior segmentation). The resnet-based encoder and transformer-based decoder inspire the model. It was observed that the auto-regressive nature of transformers coupled with teacher forcing, produced good results in training but failed badly while inferencing on unseen data. So, we propose Parallel Scheduled Sampling and teacher forcing to generalize the model for better inferencing. This makes the model more generalized as it replaces the ground truth labels used in teacher forcing with the model-predicted labels with a random probability. Thus, making the model less dependent on teacher forcing as the training proceeds. We have extended the training dataset by augmenting 6000 lines & 12000 paragraphs to cover handwritten data variations. The evaluation was done on the standard RWTH Aachen data splits(Test & Val) for IAM dataset.

关键词： Training Handwriting recognition Image segmentation Text recognition Information processing Predictive models Transformers

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India's V2X Future: c-V2X vs. DSRc - A comparative Study

India's V2X Future: C-V2X vs. DSRC - A Comparative Study

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International conference on Engineering and Emerging Technologies (IcEET)

作者： Sunnam Venkata Srikanth Santosh Sam Koshy R Harin M Prasad c Murali Krishna Embedded Systems & IoT Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) Hyderabad India

ISBN: (数字)9798331532895

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532901

The next generation of automotive vehicles will unlikely succeed without connectivity. Automakers and infrastructure developers worldwide currently use two distinct V2X wireless communication technologies i.e. Dedicated Short-Range communications (DSRc) and cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (c-V2X). Vehicles use these low-latency communication technologies to communicate with each other (V2V), with road users (V2P), and with infrastructure or mobile networks (V2I). These technologies have enhanced the safety, reliability, and efficiency of the transportation system, while also improving mobility. This paper discusses the performance and evaluation of these two technologies for vehicular communication. Various communication parameters such as range, PER, IPG, and latency were evaluated under different conditions both in the lab and field for both technologies. This study contributes to a better comprehension of these technologies and provides valuable insights for India's future implementations of connected vehicle technology.

关键词： connected vehicles Transportation Road safety Safety Automobiles Reliability Dedicated short range communication Vehicle-to-everything Standards Next generation networking

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Handwritten OcR for word in Indic Language using Deep Networks

Handwritten OCR for word in Indic Language using Deep Networ...

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International conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)

作者： Manish Kumar Gupta Surya Vikram Siddharth Dhawan Ajai Kumar Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) Pune India

A large number of Indian documents are handwritten and India is a diverse nation with many languages. These handwritten documents contain important historical and cultural information which needs to be preserved by converting to digital format. The major problem is everyone has unique handwriting with different styles of writing. To address this problem, we have trained Handwritten Optical character Recognition (HOcR) in eight Indian languages i.e. Bangla, Gujarati, Gurumukhi, Hindi, Kannada, Odia, Telugu, and Urdu. The datasets IIIT-HW-Dev and IIIT-HW-Telugu refer to a Devanagari dataset and a Telugu dataset respectively. The IIITINDIc-HW-WORDS consists of 872K handwritten words written in 8 Indic scripts by 135 writers. Devanagari and Telugu datasets are comprised of 95K and 120K handwritten words respectively. Tamil and Malayalam languages are excluded due to issues in the IIIT-INDIc-HW-WORDS dataset. The paper describes how the cNN-Transformer architecture leverages visual and textual features to perform OcR tasks in different languages. The model takes word images as input then cNN generates visual features, and feeds them to the transformer decoder for text generation. An encoder ResNet 18 and a decoder from a transformer have been used for all eight languages to evaluate the performance of this architecture. This architecture performed best in Kannada with just a 1.5% character error rate.

关键词： Visualization Handwriting recognition Error analysis Optical character recognition Writing Signal processing Transformers

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FaceReZero Transformer for Unbiased Occlusion Invariant Deep Face Recognition with Train-Time Augmentations

FaceReZero Transformer for Unbiased Occlusion Invariant Deep...

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International conference on Image Information Processing

作者： Ronak Shah Mrugank Purohit Suraj Gadhe Kapil Mehrotra Swati Mehta Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) Pune India

ISBN: (数字)9798350371406

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371413

The deep learning techniques for face recognition have achieved remarkable performance. However, the accuracy degrades when confronted with heavy occlusions like masks, goggles, scarves, and other obstructions. A further challenge is to recognize the low-quality images coming from the surveillance. This poses significant challenges for existing face recognition systems. To address these challenges, 1) we propose a set of 34 face data augmentation techniques tailored for real-world scenarios, designed to improve the accuracy of face recognition models. We do not recreate the training data after applying augmentations. Instead, we apply the augmentations directly to a mini-batch of 128 facial images during the training step, which adds only a mere 100 milliseconds overhead, regardless of the number of GPUs. It significantly enhances model accuracy across various mask face recognition challenge datasets while maintaining the accuracy on public benchmark datasets that do not include masks. Furthermore, 2) We adopted the ReZero is All You Need for face recognition and called it FaceReZero. It is a transformer-based model that combines overlapping patches, skip connections, an additional trainable parameter and a LayerNorm before Multi-head attention and MLP block in each layer. The FaceReZero demonstrated improved accuracy over Vision Transformer, Face Transformer and ReZero. In comprehensive evaluation, we assess the model trained with the proposed data augmentation and FaceReZero architecture on different test sets. Our approach achieved significantly improved accuracy on the MR-All, children, and Multi-Racial test sets while demonstrating performance closely aligned with the Masks test set.

关键词： Training Image recognition Face recognition Surveillance Training data Information processing Transformers

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An efficient mcK signing and mobile based identity solution for authentication

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2023年第3期15卷 1637-1646页

作者： Kamal, Kapil Kant Gupta, Sunil Joshi, Padmaja Kapoor, Monit Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) Mumbai India University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES) Uttarakhand Dehradun India Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab India

With the growing spread of mobile devices, many services are accessed using such devices and hence there is a need to have an authentication mechanism for mobile-based transactions. PKI enables security services like data confidentiality and digital authentication using cryptographic approaches. In this paper, we propose a novel Mobile ID solution and mcK (Mobile certificate) for digital signing. We demonstrate that our proposal is independent of external hardware, low-cost, and scalable for key generation and key security. This solution is also efficient and secure as we use Server-Aided Verification for mobile systems. Further, we provide the results and theoretical analysis to demonstrate the viability of our solution. This solution will help to overcome the dependency on SIM-based or HSM-based approaches available currently. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management.

关键词： Identity-based signature Key storage trusted computing Public Key cryptography (PKc)

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