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Oceans 2013 - Norway

作者： Andreas J. Hausler Alessandro Saccon Antonio M. Pascoal John Hauser A. Pedro Aguiar Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Science and Engineering Instituto Superior Tecnico Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Department University of Colorado at Boulder Faculdade de Engenharia University of Porto

ISBN: (纸本)9781479900022

There is widespread interest in the deployment of fleets of marine robots with the potential to roam the oceans freely and collect data at an unprecedented scale. This calls for the development of efficient algorithms for multiple vehicle motion planning that can take directly into account the capabilities of each vehicle as well as the environmental conditions and lend themselves to seamless integration with control and navigation systems. The latter connection is for the most part eschewed in the literature, in spite of the obvious fact that in order for the vehicles to execute the planned motions they must at a later stage navigate with great accuracy and follow the trajectories using control algorithms that take explicitly into account the dynamical constraints of the vehicles involved. Among the methods available for underwater vehicle navigation, terrain-based techniques have recently come to the fore. These techniques avoid the use of overly expensive inertial-like motion sensor units and hold considerable promise for the development of a new breed of affordable long range navigation systems. Motivated by these considerations, we tackle in the present paper the problem of multiple vehicle motion planning by taking explicitly into consideration inter-vehicle collision avoidance, together with a number of criteria that may include simultaneous times of arrival at assigned target points, energy minimization, acoustic communication constraints, and the maximization of terrain information along the vehicle paths (as measured by some appropriate criterion) for terrain-based navigation purposes.

关键词： vehicle motion planning Collision avoidance terrains Autonomous underwater vehicles Data Collection Methods Navigation systems computer algorithms

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Quantitative human and robot motion comparison for enabling assistive device evaluation

Quantitative human and robot motion comparison for enabling ...

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IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots

作者： Dana Kulić Muhammad Choudry Gentiane Venture Kanako Miura Eiichi Yoshida Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Waterloo Canada Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan CNRS-AIST JRL (Joint Robotics Laboratory) AIST Tsukuba Japan

A promising new application area for humanoid robots is in the area of assistive device testing. Humanoid robots can facilitate the experimental evaluation of assistive devices by providing repeatable, measurable, human-like motion while removing the difficulties and potential safety hazards associated with human trials. To ensure that the humanoid robot is providing a valid test platform, the robot must move in a similar way as a human while wearing the assistive device. This challenge is made difficult due to the inherent variability in human motion. In this paper, we propose an approach for a quantitative comparison between human and robot motion that identifies both the difference magnitude and the difference location, and explicitly handles both spatial and temporal variability of human motion. The proposed approach is demonstrated on data from robot gait and sagittal plane lifting.

关键词： Hidden Markov models Joints Assistive devices Humanoid robots Robot motion Computational modeling

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Real-time navigation for a humanoid robot using particle filter

Real-time navigation for a humanoid robot using particle fil...

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2nd International Conference on engineering and Technology Innovation 2012, ICETI 2012

作者： Baltes, Jacky Cheng, Chi Tai Lau, Meng Cheng Espínola, Andrés Autonomous Agents Lab Department of Computer Science University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Tamkang University Tamsui Dist. New Taipei City 25137 Taiwan Mobile Robotics and Automated Systems Laboratory Universidad La Salle Benjamin Franklin 47 Mexico DF Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)9783037856123

This paper presents a practical real-time visual navigation system, including a vision system, a particle filter (PF) based localization system, and a path planning system, for humanoid robots in an indoor environment. A neural network (NN) converter system is used to solve the image distortion problem. The monocular vision system detects objects of interest in the scene, calculating their position in the image, and converting the position in the image to real world coordinates. The PF localization system estimates the current position by the robot's motion model and corrects the estimated position by using feedback from the data gathered by the vision system. The path planning system determines the next motion based on the result of the localization system. This paper uses a tree-like path planning method which not only guides the robot to the destination but also avoids obstacles at the same time. The navigation method allows a user to assign several different target destinations to the robot simultaneously. The proposed method is implemented on a humanoid robot "ROBOTIS DARwIn-OP", an open platform humanoid robot. The effectiveness of the system is demonstrated in an empirical evaluation. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Bandpass filters

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Finding Objects with Segmentation Strategy based Multi Robot Exploration in Unknown Environment

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Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2013年 97卷 580-586页

作者： Reza Arezoumand Syamsiah Mashohor Mohammad Hamiruce Marhaban Intelligent System and Robotics Laboratory Institute of Advanced Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang Selangor Malaysia Department of Computer & Communication Systems Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang Selangor Malaysia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang Selangor Malaysia

In this paper we address exploration algorithm in flat experimental environment with colored objects for multi robots system. The aim of exploration in unknown environment is finding target points like mine detection in outdoor environment without any positioning device. Two algorithms were investigated in this paper one is frontier based random search algorithm and the second is efficient algorithm based on segmentation strategy. To improve efficiency, each robot had to go to different regions to avoid cumulating robots in one region. Constructed maps for all four regions could be shared and navigation could be done more effectively. For constructing map robot can use on built range finder sensor or using vision based systems. Also the algorithm using segmentation strategy is using frontier base algorithm for exploring divided area. Both algorithm implemented and analyzed in Player/Stage simulation. The result was compared and showed the efficiency of the designed algorithm based segmentation strategy. In simulation this algorithm is tested with different number of robots to achieve better view of efficiency for proposed algorithm in different type of environment like harsh environment as possibility of losing some robots.

关键词： Multi-robot exploration Flocking Exploration ratio Trajectory prediction

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A manually-actuated MRI compatible robotic manipulator for image-guided interventions

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Physica Medica 2014年 30卷 e55-e56页

作者： Eftychios G. Christoforou Christoforos Keroglou Andrew Webb Nikolaos V. Tsekos Ioannis Seimenis KIOS Research Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks University of Cyprus Cyprus Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cyprus Cyprus C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI Leiden University Medical Center Leiden Netherlands Medical Robotics Laboratory University of Houston Houston TX USA Med. Physics Lab Medical School Democritus University of Thrace Alexandroupolis Greece

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An Investigation on the Accuracy of Regional Ocean Models Through Field Trials

An Investigation on the Accuracy of Regional Ocean Models Th...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics.and Automation

作者： Ryan N. Smith Kimia Nazarzadeh Jonathan Kelly Gaurav S. Sukhatme School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia. Robust Robotics Group Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02142 USA. Robotic Embedded Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA.

ISBN: (纸本)9781467356404

Recent efforts in mission planning for underwater vehicles have utilised predictive models to aid in navigation, optimal path planning and drive opportunistic sampling. Although these models provide information at a unprecedented resolutions and have proven to increase accuracy and effectiveness in multiple campaigns, most are deterministic in nature. Thus, predictions cannot be incorporated into probabilistic planning frameworks, nor do they provide any metric on the variance or confidence of the output variables. In this paper, we provide an initial investigation into determining the confidence of ocean model predictions based on the results of multiple field deployments of two autonomous underwater vehicles. For multiple missions of two autonomous gliders conducted over a two-month period in 2011, we compare actual vehicle executions to simulations of the same missions through the Regional Ocean Modeling System in an ocean region off the coast of southern California. This comparison provides a qualitative analysis of the current velocity predictions for areas within the selected deployment region. Ultimately, we present a spatial heat-map of the correlation between the ocean model predictions and the actual mission executions. Knowing where the model provides unreliable predictions can be incorporated into planners to increase the utility and application of the deterministic estimations.

关键词： Regional Ocean Models Through Field Trials mission planning underwater vehicles

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Potential Function Based Multi-Agent Formation Control in 3D Space

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2012年第22期45卷 682-689页

作者： Marko Bunic Stjepan Bogdan University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Department of Control and Computer Engineering LARICS–Laboratory for Robotics and Intelligent Control Systems Zagreb Croatia

This paper presents the extension of the previously proposed method for multi-agent formation control based on potential function. The method derived for 2D space is extended to 3D. It has been shown that the control algorithm keeps all the properties of the original scheme in case of multi-agent formation moving in 3D. An adaptation mechanism that assures avoidance of unwanted stable equilibria, used in 2D, is implemented in the same form for 3D formations. The obtained simulation results demonstrate stable behavior of the system for various sets of parameters - the desired 3D formation is reached in finite time and maintained during trajectory execution.

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Recent advances on the energy management of a Hybrid Electric vehicle

Recent advances on the energy management of a Hybrid Electri...

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2012 20th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation, MED 2012

作者： Efstathiou, D.S. Petrou, A.K. Spanoudakis, P. Tsourveloudis, N.C. Valavanis, K.P. Intelligent Systems and Robotics Lab Technical University of Crete Chania Greece Machine Tools Laboratory Technical University of Crete Chania Greece Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Denver Denver CO 80208 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467325318

This paper presents new innovative subsystems of the ER11 prototype urban vehicle which is powered by hydrogen fuel cells and ultra-capacitors. The subsystems described here are: 1) the energy management system, which is responsible for the optimization of the fuel efficiency and the increased mileage of the vehicle, 2) the driver's monitoring and control panel and 3) the power transmission system, which offers the possibility of continuous change of gear. The powertrain of the test-bed vehicle consists of an electric motor, a fuel (H2) cell system, an ultra-capacitor bank and a DC/DC converter. Testing verified that the proposed energy management system is benefitted by the variable transmission of power leading to less fuel consumption. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Hybrid vehicles

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Stochastic search strategies in 2D using agents with limited perception

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2012年第22期45卷 650-654页

作者： David Puljiz Maja Varga Stjepan Bogdan University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Department of Control and Computer Engineering LARICS–Laboratory for Robotics and Intelligent Control Systems Zagreb Croatia Laboratory of Intelligent Systems Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland

Animals use stochastic search strategies to find a potential nest or to localize the food source. Animals do not rely much on the environmental cues or their sensory inputs. Since their cognitive capabilities are rather limited, search strategies are usually simplistic and stochastic. And yet such simple search strategies result in high efficiency in finding potential targets in limited time intervals. Similar problems with perception of the environment and limited computational power and sensory inputs are observed on the mobile robots used in search scenarios. In spite of their limitations, such robotic systems usually perform deterministic search strategies which heavily depend on environmental cues and sensory input. The research question we are addressing in this paper is which stochastic search strategy has the best performance in terms of area coverage and can stochastic search strategies outperform deterministic search strategies.

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A novel swarm intelligence algorithm and its application in solving wireless sensor networks coverage problems

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Journal of Networks 2012年第12期7卷 2037-2043页

作者： Mo, Yuanbin Liu, Jizhong Wang, Baolei Jonathan Wu, Q.M. College of Mathematics and Computer Science Guangxi University for Nationalities Nanning 530006 China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Institute of Robotics of Nanchang University Nanchang University Nanchang 330031 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Computer Vision and Sensing Systems Laboratory University of Windsor Windsor N9B3P4 Canada

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted a great deal of research due to their wide-range of potential applications. Sensor deployment and coverage problems are their important issues. This article briefly introduces the principle of swarm intelligence (SI). A novel SI algorithm based on information sharing of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and diversity maintenance mechanism of Artificial Immune System (AIS) is designed and the model of coverage problems is given. Its applications in solving different deterministic and random coverage problems are given. The algorithm used in obtaining maximum coverage probability with given number of sensor nodes and minimum number of sensor nodes with required coverage probability of WSNs deterministic coverage, and determining the selected sensor nodes with coverage probability and connectivity requirement of WSNs random coverage, are analyzed in detail. The simulation results show the algorithm is practical. The applications of SI on K- coverage and connectivity problems in the future are also projected in the article. © 2012 AcadEMY PUBLISHER.

关键词： Swarm intelligence

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