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IEEE Transactions on Haptics: Editorial

IEEE Transactions on Haptics 2008年第1期1卷 2-8页

作者： Edward Colgate, J. Lederman, Susan Prattichizzo, Domenico Barbagli, Federico Basdogan, Cagatay Buss, Martin Ernst, Marc Frisoli, Antonio Gillespie, Brent Grant, Danny Harders, Matthias Hayward, Vincent Jones, Lynette Kajimoto, Hiroyuki Kappers, Astrid Kheddar, Abderrahmane Lin, Ming C. MacLean, Karon Miller, Brian Noma, Haruo Okamura, Allison M. O'Malley, Mareia Ryu, Jeha Tan, Hong Z. Yokokohji, Yasuyoshi Department of Psychology School of Computing Queen's University Canada IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Tübingen Germany Stanford University's Computer Science Department Tübingen Germany Institute of Automatic Control Engineering Technische Universität München Germany Independent Research Group Multisensory Perception and Action Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics Tübingen Germany Department of Applied Mechanics SSSA Japan Research Division Virtual Reality and Telerobotic Systems PERCRO Laboratory Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Japan Department of Robotics McGill University Canada Computer Vision Lab ETH Zurich Japan Virtual Reality in Medicine Group Japan IEEE CS/RAS Technical Committee on Haptics Japan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McGill University Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering MIT Japan University of Electro-Communications Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Utrecht University Netherlands University of Evry France Chapel Hill United States Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia Canada ATR Knowledge Science Lab United Kingdom Department of Mechanical Engineering Denmark Johns Hopkins University United States Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics United Kingdom Engineering Research Center for Computer-Integrated Surgical Systems and Technology United States Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Department Rice University United States Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mechanical Engineering and Psychological Sciences Purdue University United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Japan

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Camera Handoff with Adaptive Resource Management for Multi-camera Multi-target Surveillance

Camera Handoff with Adaptive Resource Management for Multi-c...

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IEEE Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (AVSS)

作者： Chung-Hao Chen Yi Yao David Page Besma Abidi Andreas Koschan Mongi Abidi Imaging Robotics and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA GE Global Research Center Niskayuna NY USA

Camera handoff is a crucial step to generate a continuously tracked and consistently labeled trajectory of the object of interest in multi-camera surveillance systems. Most existing camera handoff algorithms concentrate on data association, namely consistent labeling, where images of the same object are matched across different cameras. However, most real-time object tracking systems see a decrease in the system's frame rate as the number of tracked objects increases. To address this issue, we propose to incorporate an adaptive resource management mechanism into camera handoff. In so doing, cameras¿ resources can be dynamically allocated to multiple objects according to their priorities and hence the required minimum frame rate can be maintained. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed camera handoff algorithm is capable of maintaining a constant frame rate and of achieving a substantially improved handoff success rate by approximately 20% in comparison with the algorithm presented by Khan and Shah.

关键词： Resource management Surveillance Labeling Real time systems Intelligent robots USA Councils Videoconference Robot vision systems Smart cameras Robot kinematics

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Joint-action for humans and industrial robots for assembly tasks

Joint-action for humans and industrial robots for assembly t...

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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： Claus Lenz Suraj Nair Markus Rickert Alois Knoll Wolgang Rosel Jurgen Gast Alexander Bannat Frank Wallhoff Robotics and Embedded Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science Technische Universitat Munchen Munchen Germany Machine Tools and Industrial Management Department of Mechanical Engineering Technische Universitat Munchen Munchen Germany Human Machine Communication Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies Technische Universitat Munchen Munchen Germany

This paper presents a concept of a smart working environment designed to allow true joint-actions of humans and industrial robots. The proposed system perceives its environment with multiple sensor modalities and acts in it with an industrial robot manipulator to assemble capital goods together with a human worker. In combination with the reactive behavior of the robot, safe collaboration between the human and the robot is possible. Furthermore, the system anticipates human behavior, based on knowledge databases and decision processes, ensuring an effective collaboration between the human and robot. As a proof of concept, we introduce a use case where an arm is assembled and mounted on a robotpsilas body.

关键词： Robots

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High performance differential elastic actuator for robotic interaction tasks

High performance differential elastic actuator for robotic i...

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2007 AAAI Spring Symposium

作者： Lauria, Michel Legault, Marc-Antoine Lavoie, Marc-André Michaud, François LABORIUS - Research Laboratory on Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Que. J1K2R1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781577353164

For complex robotic tasks (manipulation, locomotion, haptics, ...), the lack of knowledge of precise interaction models, the difficulties to precisely measure the task associated physical quantities (force, speed, ...) in real time and the non-collocation of sensors and transducers have negative effects on performance and stability of robots when using simple force or simple movement controllers. To cope with these issues, some researchers proposed a new approach named «interaction control» that refers to regulation of the robot's dynamic behavior at its ports of interaction with the environment. Interaction control involves specifying a dynamic relationship between motion and force, and implementing a control law that attempts to minimize deviation from this relationship [1]. The implementation of machines able to precisely control interaction with its environment begins with the use of actuators specially designed for that purpose. To that effect, a new compact implementation design for high performance actuators that are especially adapted for integration in robotic mechanisms is presented, this design making use of a mechanical differential as central element. Differential coupling between an intrinsically high impedance transducer and an intrinsically low impedance spring element provides the same benefits as serial coupling [4]. However differential coupling allows new interesting design implementations possibilities, especially for rotational actuators.

关键词： robotics

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Spartacus attending the 2005 AAAI conference

Spartacus attending the 2005 AAAI conference

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作者： Michaud, F. Côté, C. Létourneau, D. Brosseau, Y. Valin, J.-M. Beaudry, E. Raïevsky, C. Ponchon, A. Moisan, P. Lepage, P. Morin, Y. Gagnon, F. Giguère, P. Roux, M.-A. Caron, S. Frenette, P. Kabanza, F. LABORIUS - Research Laboratory on Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Qué. J1K 2R1 Canada CSIRO ICT Center Sydney Australia

Spartacus is our robot entry in the 2005 AAAI Mobile Robot Challenge, making a robot attend the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Designing robots that are capable of interacting with humans in real-life settings can be considered the ultimate challenge when it comes to intelligent autonomous systems. One key issue is the integration of multiple modalities (e.g., mobility, physical structure, navigation, vision, audition, dialogue, reasoning). Such integration increases the diversity and also the complexity of interactions the robot can generate. It also makes it difficult to monitor how such increased capabilities are used in unconstrained conditions, whether it is done while the robot is in operation of afterwards. This paper reports solutions and findings resulting from our hardware, software and decisional integration work on Spartacus. It also outlines perspectives in making intelligent and interaction capabilities evolve for autonomous robots. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007.

关键词： Robots

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Multi-Robot Localization and Mapping Strategy: Utilizing Behavior Based Dynamic Tree Structure and Observer-explorer Routine

Multi-Robot Localization and Mapping Strategy: Utilizing Beh...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and engineering (CASE)

作者： Kevin K. Leung Garratt Gallagher Robotics Autonomous Systems and Controls Laboratory (RASCAL) Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of California Davis USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Robotics Autonomus Systems and Control Laboratory (RASCAL) Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of California Davis USA

In this paper, we propose a simultaneous localization and map-building (SLAM) strategy to explore unknown environment. Multiple robots are deployed in unknown area and required to localize each other accurately while exploring. Instead of relying on active obstacle detector, we propose a method of exploration which uses only tactile sensors and inter-robot distance measurements. To avoid dead-reckoning and odometry errors, an observer-explorer based routine is adopted. A dynamic spanning tree structure is implemented for multi-robot coordination. Parent (observer) nodes monitor the distances of their children (explorer) nodes. In order to promote completeness of the map, the reconfigurable spanning tree structure favors unexplored area implicitly. An online behavior-based finite state machine drives the configuration of the structure. Our exploration scheme allows the differentiation between robots and obstacles or boundaries. When an obstacle or boundary is detected, it is recorded on a map that is shared with all other robots. The proposed strategy is simulated and results are presented.

关键词： Tree data structures Robot kinematics Robot sensing systems Simultaneous localization and mapping robotics.and automation Distance measurement Automata Service robots Global Positioning System Costs

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TRACKING CONTROL IN THE PRESENCE OF NONLINEAR DYNAMIC FRICTIONAL EFFECTS: ROBOT EXTENSION

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Asian Journal of Control 2008年第3期1卷

作者： M. Feemster D.M. Dawson A. Behal W. Dixon Matthew Feemster received the B.S degree in Electrical Engineering from Clemson University Clemson South Carolina in December 1994. Upon graduation he remained at Clemson University and received the M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering in 1997. During this time he also served as a research/teaching assistant. His research work focused on the design and implementation of various nonlinear control algorithms with emphasis on the induction motor and mechanical systems with friction present. He is currently working toward his Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering at Clemson University. Darren M. Dawson was born in 1962 in Macon Georgia. He received an Associate Degree in Mathematics from Macon Junior College in 1982 and a B.S. Degree in Electrical Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology in 1984. He then worked for Westinghouse as a control engineer from 1985 to 1987. In 1987 he returned to the Georgia Institute of Technology where he received the Ph.D. Degree in Electrical Engineering in March 1990. During this time he also served as a research/teaching assistant. In July 1990 he joined the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department and the Center for Advanced Manufacturing (CAM) at Clemson University where he currently holds the position of Professor. Under the CAM director's supervision he currently leads the Robotics and Manufacturing Automation Laboratory which is jointly operated by the Electrical and Mechanical Engineering departments. His main research interests are in the fields of nonlinear based robust adaptive and learning control with application to electro-mechanical systems including robot manipulators motor drives magnetic bearings flexible cables flexible beams and high-speed transport systems. Aman Behal was born in India in 1973. He received his Masters Degree in Electrical Engineering from Indian Institute of Technology Bombay in 1996. He is currently working towards a Ph.D in Controls and Robotics at Clemson University. His research focuses on the control of no

In this paper, we extend the observer/control strategies previously published in [25] to an n -link, serially connected, direct drive, rigid link, revolute robot operating in the presence of nonlinear friction effects modeled by the Lu-Gre model. In addition, we also present a new adaptive control technique for compensating for the nonlinear parameterizable Stribeck effects. Specifically, an adaptive observer/controller scheme is developed which contains a feedforward approximation of the Stribeck effects. This feedforward approximation is used in a composite controller/observer strategy which forces the average square integral of the position tracking error to an arbitrarily small value. Experimental results are included to illustrate the performance of the proposed controllers.

关键词： Friction compensation nonlinear control

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Mobile scanning system for the fast digitization of existing roadways and structures

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Sensor Review 2006年第4期26卷 283-289页

作者： Grinstead, Brad Sukumar, Sreenivas Page, David Koschan, Andreas Gorsich, David Abidi, Mongi A. Imaging Robotics and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville TN United States US Army RDECOM Tank-Automotive Research Development and Engineering Center Warren MI United States

Purpose - To present a Mobile Scanning System for digitizing three-dimensional (3D) models of real-world terrain. Design/methodology/approach - A combination of sensors (video, laser range, positioning, orientation) is placed on a mobile platform, which moves past the scene to be digitized. Data fusion from the sensors is performed to construct an accurate 3D model of the target environment. Findings - The developed system can acquire accurate models of real-world environments in real time, at resolutions suitable for a variety of tasks. Originality/value - Treating the individual subsystems of the mobile scanning system independently yields a robust system that can be easily reconfigured on the fly for a variety of scanning scenarios. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

关键词： Analog to digital conversion

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Design and control of a four steered wheeled mobile robot

Design and control of a four steered wheeled mobile robot

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IECON 2006 - 32nd Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics

作者： Lauria, Michel Nadeau, Isabelle Lepage, Pierre Morin, Yan Giguère, Patrick Gagnon, Fréderic Létourneau, Dominic Michaud, François Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering Research Laboratory on Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC J1K 2R1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)1424401364

This paper presents the kinematical analysis of AZIMUT-2, a four steered wheeled mobile robot. The utilization of a new wheel concept called the AZIMUT wheel allowed us to create an innovative omnidirectional non-holonomic robot. Novelty of this wheel concept resides in the non-conventional positioning of the steering axis and the wheel axis. We propose a kinematical model based on the geometrical constraints of these wheels. The degree of mobility, steerability and maneuverability are studied. Additionally, we describe a special design implementation of the wheel mechanism to overcome a hypermotorization issue inherent to the wheel's geometrical properties. Finally, we describe AZIMUT-2's two operational and seven locomotion modes, along with a control algorithm based on the kinematical model of the robot. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Wheels

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A Generalized and Automatic Image Contrast Enhancement Using Gray Level Grouping

A Generalized and Automatic Image Contrast Enhancement Using...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Zhi Yu Chen B.R. Abidi D.L. Page M.A. Abidi Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Imaging Robotics and Intelligent Systems Laboratory University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA

Contrast enhancement has an important role in image processing applications. Conventional contrast enhancement techniques either fail to produce satisfactory results for a broad variety of low-contrast images, or cannot be automatically applied to different images, because their parameters must be specified manually to produce a satisfactory result for a given image. This paper describes a new automatic method for contrast enhancement. The basic procedure is to first group the histogram components of a low-contrast image into the proper number of bins according to a selected criterion, then redistribute these bins uniformly over the grayscale, and finally ungroup the previously grouped gray-levels. Accordingly, this new technique is named gray-level grouping (GLG). GLG not only produces results superior to conventional contrast enhancement techniques, but is also fully automatic in most circumstances, and is applicable to a broad variety of images

关键词： Histograms Gray-scale Background noise Intelligent robots Image processing Helium robotics.and automation Intelligent systems Laboratories Electronic mail

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